JPH0655267B2 - Continuous kneader - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a continuous kneading machine for homogeneously mixing and kneading various kinds of materials whose properties are liquid, viscous substance or powder. is there.

[Prior Art] As a conventional continuous kneader, the one shown in FIG. 17 can be mentioned.

It has two or more sets of mutually engaging lens-shaped paddles b, c arranged to rotate in the same direction in intersecting cylindrical bodies a, the rotation of these paddles b, c The inner wall of the body a and the outer surfaces of the paddles b and c are mutually scraped to perform a self-cleaning action, and the area between the adjacent paddles b and c and the inner wall of the body a occupies the material, so that the material is compressed. And expansion are repeated to mix and knead.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the conventional ones have the following problems.

(1) In FIG. 17, when both paddles b and c are rotated in the same direction in the direction of the arrow (the same direction), the space between the upper paddles b and c and the body a is filled (hereinafter referred to as material space). The material in (d) goes to the left and the material in the material space e goes to the lower left, and they pass each other. That is, even if the material in the material space d follows, the material in the material space e escapes. Similarly, on the lower side, the material in the material space f goes to the lower right, the material in the material space g goes to the right, and they pass each other. For this reason,
Effective kneading is not performed.

(2) Since both paddles b and c rotate at a constant speed, the same material in each material space may meet each time even if both paddles rotate repeatedly, and in this respect too, kneading is sufficient. Absent.

(3) Since the area change rate of the material space is small, as will be described later, this leads to inefficiency of kneading.

(4) The pair of paddles b and c rotate in contact with each other due to the self-cleaning action, but the tip of one or the other paddle is always in contact with the mating paddle, so it wears as compared with other points on the outer shape of the paddle. Is big.

The present invention has been made to improve the above conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a continuous kneading machine capable of improving kneading efficiency and reducing paddle wear as well as self-cleaning. is there.

[Means for Solving the Problem] In order to achieve the above object, the continuous kneading machine of the present invention has a cross-sectional shape of one paddle in a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis,
With a gentle curve, n (≧ 2, integer) sets of long and short diameter parts are alternately and equally spaced apart, and the cross-sectional shape of the other paddle is rotated in different directions on the rotation axis. And the rotation speed ratios thereof are made different, and the outer envelope formed by the co-rotation with the one paddle causes m (≧ 2, and n ≠ m, an integer) sets of the major axis part and the minor axis part. And the rotational speed ratio of the two paddles is an inverse ratio of n of n pairs of the one paddle and m of m pairs of the other paddle.

The paddles are screw, flat, helical and reverse type paddles.

[Operation] Rotating the rotating shafts in different directions and in such a manner that the rotational speed ratios of the both paddles are the inverse ratios of n of n pairs of the one paddle and m of m pairs of the other paddle. Then,
One paddle of the cross-sectional shape and the other paddle of the cross-sectional shape are always in contact with each other at a point on the outer peripheries of the two paddles in the form of always sharing a tangent line. Therefore, mutual self-cleaning action of the paddles is performed.

Further, when the one paddle and the other paddle are rotated in different directions and at the rotational speed ratio, the tops of the long diameter portions of one paddle are the top portions of the short diameter portion of the other paddle, or The top of the short diameter part of one paddle and the top of the long diameter part of the other paddle rotate while contacting each other.

With this rotation, two material spaces (maximum space area) separated by the respective paddles and the respective bodies are formed in the middle of the rotation.

Subsequently, the two material spaces are sequentially overlapped while facing each other, and finally are formed by the top portion of the long diameter portion of one paddle, the top portion of the short diameter portion of the other paddle, and the circle of the other body. Change to one narrow material space (minimum space area). After that, the material space that has been once narrowed gradually becomes wider, and then again divided into the two material spaces.

Then, as the material space changes, the materials in the two material spaces start to merge by the rotation of both paddles, and are sequentially compressed, and are greatly compressed in one narrow material space.

In the compression process, the one paddle and the other paddle are always in contact with each other at one point on the outer circumference regardless of the rotational position, so that the material passes through the gap between the two paddles to the other material space. It never leaks.

Moreover, since the materials in the two material spaces are gathered in one narrow material space while facing each other, the materials are surely mixed with each other and the chances of head-on collision are increased, and the materials are uniformly mixed.

Further, since the number of long diameter portions and short diameter portions of one paddle (n sets) and the number of long diameter portions and short diameter portions of the other paddle (m sets) are not equal, the number of material spaces of both paddles is also different. Therefore, when the material that has once merged expands into two and merges again, the material in the material space of one paddle and the material in the other material space of the other paddle merge. It is more effectively kneaded. Further, the two material spaces become substantially horizontally oriented (at the upper part) with the rotation of both paddles, and thereafter, the shape is largely changed to one narrow vertically oriented material space. The material in the space is greatly deformed with compression. Further, since the rotational speeds of the one paddle and the other paddle are different, the contact points between the paddles constantly move, and the contact frequency between specific parts (particularly the tip end portion) of the paddles is low.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical body having a cross section in which two circles having the same diameter and having a supply port 2 at one upper end and a discharge port 3 at the other lower end cross each other. The rotary shafts 4 and 5 are provided in parallel with, and a large number of paddles 6, 7 and 8 and 9 are incorporated in the axial direction of the rotary shafts 4 and 5 to be integrated.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a motor, which is connected to the rotary shaft 4 via a speed reducer 11. Although not shown, the other rotary shaft 5 is interlocked via the speed reducer 11. Reference numeral 12 is a heating / cooling jacket.

The continuous kneader body is constructed as described above.

Next, its detailed structure and function will be described.

H ₁ is a combination of feed screw type paddles 6 and 7, and kneads and stirs the materials (for example, powder and binder) supplied from the supply port ₂ and sends them to H ₂ .

H ₂ is a combination of paddles 8 and 9, that is, a flat paddle, a helical paddle, and a reverse helical paddle. The flat paddle performs kneading, and the paddle itself does not work to feed. The helical paddle also works by kneading and sending only by the paddle. Further, although the reverse helical paddle is omitted in the figure, it also functions to perform kneading and return only by the paddle.

H ₃ is the screw type paddles 6 and 7 that also serve as the feed like the H ₁ .

H ₄ is a combination of paddles 8 and 9 similar to H ₂ .

H ₅ The screw type paddle 6 for backward ', 7' in together with kneading, and serves to return alone paddle.

The combination of H ₂ and H ₄ is merely an example, and can be appropriately selected. Further, H ₁ , H ₃ and H ₅ can be used as the paddles 8 and 9 and H ₂ , H ₄ and H ₅ can be used as screw type paddles 6 and 7, or a part of them can be used as the reverse feed paddle 6. It can also be replaced with ′ and 7 ′. Also,
The installation angle (θ) of the adjacent paddles 8 on the rotation axis 4 is
As shown in FIG. 2, they are arranged so as to be shifted by 45 °, but the arrangement is not necessarily limited to this, and any installation angle can be set.

Next, the details of the paddles 8 and 9 will be described based on the pair of flat paddles shown in FIG.

The (one) paddle 8 becomes an ellipse when its cross-sectional shape is formed by n = 2 sets of long-diameter portions and short-diameter portions alternately and at equal angles with a gentle curve. Here, 8a and 8b are the long diameter portion and the short diameter portion, and 8c and 8d are the top portion of the long diameter portion and the short diameter portion. Further, when the radius of the major axis (major axis portion) of the elliptical paddle 8 is r ₁ , the radius of the minor axis (minor radius) is r _2, and the axial distance between the rotating shafts 4 and 5 is L, the theoretical L is L. = R ₁ + r ₂ .

The paddle 9 (on the other side) has a cross-sectional outer shape whose axial distance L =
When the rotational speeds of r ₁ + r ₂ and the rotating shafts 4 and 5 are n ₁ and m ₁ , respectively, the rotational speed ratio is n ₁ : m ₁ = 3:
2 and an outer envelope line (of the paddle 8) drawn in a plane that rotates in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis 5 and rotates in cooperation with the rotation axis 5 while rotating in different directions, m = 3 The trilobal body has a pair of long diameter portion and short diameter portion.

The long-diameter portion (peak portion), the short-diameter portion (valley portion), the top portion of the long-diameter portion, and the top portion of the short-diameter portion of the paddle 9 are referred to as 9a, 9b, 9c, and 9d.
The radius (major radius) r ′ _{1 of} the major diameter portion 9c and the minor diameter portion 9b.
The radius (minor radius) is r ′ ₂ .

Therefore, in the paddles 8 and 9, as shown in FIG. 4, the apex portion 8d of the short diameter portion 8b of the paddle 8 is the apex portion 9c of the long diameter portion 9a of the paddle 9.
When the paddle 8 rotates 90 ° from the state of contacting with the solid line (see solid line), the top portion 8c of the long diameter portion 8a of the paddle 8 comes into contact with the top portion 9d of the short diameter portion 9d of the paddle 9 (see the chain double-dashed line). . Needless to say, even during the rotation during this period, the paddle 8 and the paddle 9 rotate while making contact with each other at one point on the outer shape.

Further, the kneading condition by the pair of paddles 8 and 9 will be described with reference to FIG.

When the paddles 8 and 9 are rotated in different directions at the rotation speed ratio set as described above, both paddles are naturally
It will rotate at different rotation speeds. As a result of this rotation, the inner wall of the body 1 and the paddles 8, 9 are
And the material space in which the material is held moves as the paddles 8 and 9 rotate. The changes are shown intermittently. For convenience of description, we describe the material space shown by oblique lines, and the material space A ₁ paddle 8 as shown in the fifth stamen, material space A ₂ paddle 9 is in each remote state. The two material spaces here are the sum of the spaces A ₁ and A ₂ and are the maximum.

From this state, shows a state in which the paddles 8,9 in material space A ₂ material space A ₁ and the paddles 9 paddles 8 when the predetermined angle is moved to the fifth Zuro. Here, the material space A ₁ is slightly reduced by the long diameter portion 9 a of the paddle 9.

A state in which material space A ₂ material space A ₁ and the paddles 9 of paddles 8 is moved and joins a portion of time paddles 8,9 is further rotated shown in the fifth map mesh. Material space here A ₁ , A ₂
Is decreasing.

Paddle 8 when paddles 8 and 9 rotate further (paddle 8 rotates 180 ° from Fig. 5a, paddle 9 rotates 120 °)
FIG. 5D shows a state in which the material space A ₁ of No. 3 and the material space A _{2 of the} paddle 9 completely merge. That is, the long diameter portion 8a of the paddle 8, the long diameter portion 9a of the paddle 9, the short diameter portion 9b and the body 1
The material space A ₃ formed by
₃ is the minimum.

In this way, the material space (cross-sectional area) is changed to A ₁ + A ₂ → A ₃ by the rotation of the paddles 8 and 9. Here, as a result of calculating the change in the cross-sectional area occupied by each material space limited to one cross-section, the disconnection between the maximum space (see FIG. 5A) and the minimum space (see FIG. 5D) ε = A ₃ / (A ₁ + A ₂ ) = 1/6.

On the other hand, the cross-sectional area change rate ε'of the conventional method of rotating in the same direction and at the same speed (see FIG. 18) is ε '= A'
₃ / (A ′ ₁ + A ′ ₂ ) = 1 / 1.5.

Therefore, when the present invention is compared with the conventional example, the cross-sectional area change rate ratio E is four times as shown below.

E = ε / ε ′ = (1/6) / (1 / 1.5) = 1/4 Due to this, the compressibility of the material in the material space is increased by that much, the kneading effect is improved, and the two material spaces Since the materials of (1) gather while facing each other, the chances of surely merging and head-on collision are increased, and the mixing effect is further enhanced.

Also, as the paddles 8 and 9 rotate, the two material spaces A
_As shown in FIG. 5B, ₁ and A ₂ are oriented in a substantially horizontal direction in the upper part, and are gradually overlapped from this direction, and become gradually narrower, and one material space A in a substantially vertical direction as shown in FIG. 5D.
_The shape changes greatly to ₃ (flat). Along with this change, the material in the material space undergoes a large fluid deformation with a large compressibility, resulting in a remarkable kneading effect.

Further, when both paddles 8 and 9 rotate in the direction of the arrow from the state of FIG. 5D, the top 8c of the long diameter portion 8a of the paddle 8 becomes the short diameter portion 9b of the paddle 9 as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The minute space s is formed immediately before it is completely fitted into the top 9d. In this case, _{it s 1} the clearance in the rotational direction forward in a minute space s between both paddles 8,9, when the gap between the aft side and _{s 2,} a s 2> _{s 1.} However, the gap s ₁ is zero because it is a contact point.

From this state, the contacts s ₁
By the upward movement, the material in the minute space s is squeezed toward the gap s ₂ and moves violently, resulting in a large kneading effect.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, an angle α ₁ formed by the top curved surface of the long diameter portion 8 a of the paddle 8 and the inner wall of the body 1, and the top curved surface of the short diameter portion 8 b of the paddle 8 and the long diameter portion 9 a of the paddle 9.
The angle β ₁ formed by the top curved surface of each is sharp.
On the other hand, in the prior art, when the angles corresponding to the angles α ₁ and β ₁ are α ′ ₁ and β ′ ₁ as shown in FIG. 17, the angles α ′ ₁ and β ′ ₁ are Is bigger. Therefore, in the case of the present invention, a larger wedge (shear) action is generated in the material as compared with the conventional one, and the kneading is effectively performed.

In the above embodiment, the paddles 8 and 9 having one cross section are described, but the same phenomenon occurs in the adjacent paddles 8 and 9 as shown in FIG. Since the attachment phases of the adjacent paddles 8 and 9 are slightly different as described above, if the material is compressed due to the phenomenon of the material space, the material is transferred between the adjacent material spaces, resulting in Therefore, the material will move in the direction of the arrow.

FIG. 9 is a second embodiment, and the outer shape of the paddle 81 has two sets of long diameter parts 81a and two sets of short diameter parts 81b having low peaks, and the radius of the long diameter part 81a (major radius). Is r ₁ , and the radius (minor radius) of the minor axis portion 81b is r ₂ . On the other hand, the paddle 91 has a rotation speed ratio n ₁ : m ₁ = 3: 2 of the paddles 81 and 91, and has the same outer envelope as in the above-described embodiment, and has three clovers composed of a long diameter portion 91a and a short diameter portion 91b. It becomes a shape (trilobate).

FIG. 10 is a third embodiment, and the outer shape of the paddle 82 is a clover shape (three-lobed body) consisting of three sets of a long diameter portion (mountain portion) 82a and a short diameter portion (valley portion) 82b for each 120 °. , The radius (major radius) of the major diameter portion 82a is r ₁ , and the radius (minor radius) of the minor diameter portion 82b is r _2.
And

On the other hand, the paddle 92 has a rotational speed ratio n ₁ : m of the paddles 82,92.
₁ = 4: 3, and the same outer envelope curve as that of the above-described embodiment, and a bobbin shape (four-lobed body) composed of four sets of long diameter portion (peak portion) 92a and short diameter portion (valley portion) 92b at 90 ° intervals. Becomes

FIG. 11 shows a fourth embodiment in which the same paddle 8 as the paddle 8 is arranged in parallel with the combination of the paddles 8 and 9 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 to form a triaxial type.

FIG. 12 is a fifth embodiment, and the outer shape of the paddle 83 is a bobbin shape (four-lobed body) having four pairs of long diameter portions 83a and short diameter portions 83b,
The radius (major radius) of the major diameter portion 83a is r ₁ , and the radius (minor radius) of the minor diameter portion 83b is r ₂ . On the other hand, Paddle 93 is Paddle 83
Of the paddles 83 and 93, and the rotation speed ratio of the paddles 83, 93 is set to n ₁ : m ₁ = 3: 4. Is a clover shape (trilobal) composed of a long diameter portion (peak portion) 93a and a short diameter portion (valley portion) 93b.

The distance L between the axes at this time is determined by the long diameter portion 83a of the paddle 83.
And the radius of the short diameter portion 83b is r ₁ , r ₂ and the paddle 93a, respectively.
The radius of the long diameter portion 93a and the short diameter portion 93b of r is ₁ , respectively.
When r ′ ₂ is set, L = r ₂ + r ′ ₁ .

FIG. 13 shows a sixth embodiment, which is the paddle 8 of the fifth embodiment.
A combination of 3,93 and the same paddle 93 as the paddle 93
Are arranged in parallel to form a triaxial type.

The inter-axis distance L in the above embodiment is L = r ₁ + r
₂ or L = r ₂ + r ′ ₁ , but the actual inter-axis distance is slightly longer in order to provide a proper gap between the paddles in consideration of manufacturing errors.

FIG. 14 is a seventh embodiment, and the outer shape of the paddle 84 is a cocoon shape consisting of two sets of long diameter portions 84b and two sets of short diameter portions (shallow valley portions) 84b, and the radius of the long diameter portion 84a (long radius ) R ₁ , minor axis portion 84b
Let r ₂ be the radius (short radius) of. On the other hand, the paddle 94 has a rotational speed ratio n ₁ : m ₁ = 3: 2 of the paddles 84, 94, and three sets of long diameter portions 94 are formed by the same outer envelope as in the first embodiment.
It has a clover shape (trilobal) consisting of a and a short diameter portion 94b.

FIG. 15 shows the eighth embodiment, and the outer shape of the paddle 85 is a clover shape (three-lobed) consisting of three sets of long diameter portions (peak portions) 85a and short diameter portions (gradient curved valley portions) 85d every 120 °. Body),
The radius (major radius) of the major diameter portion 85a is r ₁ , and the radius (minor radius) of the minor diameter portion 85b is r ₂ . On the other hand, Paddle 95 is Paddle 8
The rotation speed ratio of 5,95 was set to n ₁ : m ₁ = 4: 3, and four sets of long diameter parts (wide peak parts) 95a and short parts were formed every 90 ° by the same outer envelope as the first embodiment. Diameter part (relatively deep valley part) 95b
It is a pincushion shape (4 lobes).

FIG. 16 shows that in the embodiment of FIG. 9, the outer shape of the paddle 86 is a pincushion shape (four-lobed body) having four sets of long diameter portions (pointed peak portions) 86a and short diameter portions (gradient curved valley portions) 86b. ), And the radius (major radius) of the major diameter portion 86a is r ₁ and the radius (minor diameter portion) of the minor diameter portion 86b is r ₂ . On the other hand, the paddle 96 has a rotation speed ratio n ₁ : m ₁ = 4: 4 of the paddles 86, 96, and three sets of long diameter portions (large peak portions) are formed by the same outer envelope curve as the first embodiment.
It becomes a clover shape (trilobal) consisting of 96a and a short diameter part (small valley part) 96b.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned embodiment, only mixing of a plurality of raw materials has been described, but kneading involving evaporation or chemical reaction may be performed.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

The cross-sectional shape of one of the paddles in the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis is formed by n (≧ 2, integer) sets of long-diameter portions and short-diameter portions alternately and at equal angles by a gentle curve, and the other one The cross-sectional shape of the paddle is rotated by the rotating shaft in different directions, the rotational speed ratio is made different, and the outer envelope formed by co-rotating with the one paddle causes m (≧ 2 , And n ≠ m, an integer number) of the long diameter portion and the short diameter portion, and the rotation speed ratio of the both paddles is n of n pairs of the one paddle and m of m pairs of the other paddle. Since the reverse ratio is used, the one paddle and the other paddle always rotate while being in contact with each other at one point on the outer circumference, so that the paddles self-clean each other.

Also, for one paddle and the other paddle, the top of the long diameter part of one paddle is the top of the short diameter part of the other paddle, or the top of the short diameter part of one paddle is the top of the long diameter part of the other paddle. The two material spaces formed are overlapped while facing each other, and finally, the top portion of the long diameter portion of one paddle and the top portion of the short diameter portion of the other paddle and the other It changes into one narrow material space formed by the body's circle and the material in the two material spaces merges with each other without flowing out from the gap between the paddles to the other material space. However, they are sequentially compressed and are largely compressed in one narrow material space, and they are gathered in one narrow space while facing each other, so that they are evenly mixed, and the number of long and short diameter parts of one paddle ( Set) and the other part of the paddles do not have the same number of long and short diameter parts (m sets), so when the materials that have once merged merge again, the material in the material space of one paddle and the other paddle The material in the material space joins together and is surely kneaded. Furthermore, the two material spaces form a large shape from a substantially horizontal orientation to a narrow vertical orientation material space as the paddles rotate. It changes and is greatly transformed. By this, the kneading effect can be remarkably improved.

Further, since the rotation speeds of the one paddle and the other paddle are different, the contact points between the paddles constantly move, so that a specific portion (particularly the tip end portion) of the paddle is less worn.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a continuous kneading machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line I-I of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view showing a combined state of paddles in the embodiment. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the top of the short diameter portion of one paddle and the top of the long diameter portion of the other paddle are in contact with each other in the embodiment, and FIG.
Figures (a), (b), (c), and (d) are explanatory views of the kneading state of the paddles in the embodiment, and FIG. 6 shows that the long diameter portion of one paddle and the short diameter portion of the other paddle in the embodiment fit. FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged explanatory view of FIG. 6 immediately before being inserted, and FIG. 8 is a state in which the apex of the minor diameter portion of one paddle and the apex of the major diameter portion of the other paddle in the embodiment are in contact with each other. Enlarged explanatory diagram of
9 to 16 are explanatory views showing another embodiment of the continuous kneading machine according to the present invention, FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of a conventional kneading machine, and FIG. 18 is (a) (b) ( (C) (d) is each explanatory view of the kneading state in the conventional kneading machine. 4, 5 ... Rotary shaft, 8 ... Paddle, 8a ... Long diameter part, 8
b ... short diameter part, 9 ... paddle, 9a ... long diameter part, 9b ...
… Short diameter part.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shosuke Otake 1-12-19 Kitahori, Nishi-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Kurimoto Iron Works Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-59-123520 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A body having a plurality of circles whose cross-sections intersect each other has parallel rotary shafts of the same number as the circles, and paddles meshing with each other and contacting the circle are provided on the rotary shafts. In a continuous kneading machine having a large number of continuous kneaders, the cross-sectional shape of one of the paddles in a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis is divided by n (≧ 2) alternately with a gentle curve at equal angles.
(Integer) set of a long diameter portion and a short diameter portion, and the cross-sectional shape of the other paddle is such that the rotation axis is rotated in different directions and the rotation speed ratio is different, and The outer envelope formed by the co-rotation makes a shape composed of m (≧ 2, and n ≠ m, an integer) sets of long diameter portion and short diameter portion, and the rotation speed ratio of both paddles is N pairs of paddles and m of the other paddle
A continuous kneader characterized by having an inverse ratio of m of a set.