JPH06511388A - Fragaria plants and seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Fragaria plants and seeds The present invention relates to plants propagated from seeds and thus to seeds. In particular, the present invention Polyploid Fragaria or strawberry plants that can be propagated from seeds related.

background Polyploid Fragaria plants are not pure varieties and are genetically very complex.

The asexually bred progeny, pollinated differently with its own pollen, are all different.

Are there any attempts to improve breeding methods from the perspective of obtaining improved strawberry varieties? Such methods have limitations because they do not address the issue of inbreeding control. or have not been successful.

Niemirowikzusujikit K. [(1989) Acta Horticul 265:97-104], the inbreeding scheme used Obtaining commercial numbers of strawberry plants that are of agroeconomic interest due to failure to control population suppression Obtain a suitable homogeneous (identical) inbred line useful for use in inbreeding plans I couldn't.

Other researchers have also used different methods to find 8 times more viable for use in strawberry breeding. I tried to get a system. Saeg A, J, and Henarty M, J, [( 1989) Acta Horticullae, Vol. 265: 129-135. Commercial strawberry cultivars using rescue and culturing followed by androgenetic and lacrimal hybridization An attempt was made to produce a plant haploid. However, this attempt As a result, the first essential step of producing octoploids was impractical. A viable method suitable for use in the diploidization of haploid numbers and subsequent breeding programs. No octoploid selection was attempted.

A recurring problem described in the literature regarding strawberry breeding programs is that self The inbred lines obtained through the elfing program lack plant vigor and result in poor results. It is too weak to continue. Lack of plant activity is common It is evident in the third or fourth generation or later generations.

In all cases, such a plan will produce commercial quantities of F1 hybrids and their seeds. It is not designed from a gain perspective. The purpose of such a breeding program is to The goal lies in the acquisition of new variants that serve as the basis for new variants suitable for the production of variants.

As a result of the difficulties associated with classic strawberry breeding techniques, growers are attempting to modify the gene pool. Each year, growers face a difficult task in breeding crops and Propagate asexually by stolons or micro-propagation techniques; however, Seeds derived from such seedling plants are used to ensure that plants obtained from such seeds are not commercially available. Because they generally do not exhibit similar phenotypes in terms of commercially desirable traits, Cannot be used for breeding purposes (Guttridge C, G, and Simpson D, W, , Grower, December 23 (1982) pp. 28-29). Is it an asexually propagated cultivated variety? Plants grown from seeds collected from Show obvious differences. Such differences make them commercially and agriculturally acceptable. No longer available.

Another disadvantage of feedstock grown via asexual and clonal propagation is that Regarding the timing of releasing such substances to growers. Breeders generally determine the timing and Faced with the difficulty of coordinating the release of sufficient numbers of strawberry plants to meet growers' demands.

A further disadvantage with asexual propagation materials is the high rate of disease transmission in such materials. In order to prevent the spread of disease if there is a risk of infection and disease infection is discovered. of chemicals, which not only increases costs but also reduces desirability. lead to potentially negative environmental effects.

From the above, it follows that if the same heritability with commercially desirable properties is When achieved in Gophyta, such success is limited by the inbreeding limits outlined above. A significant departure from some current commercial locust propagation methods, which allow many strawberries to be grown in an efficient manner. would pave the way for a highly attractive method of producing That is understood.

Wild Fragaria species are propagated from seeds. However, wild species are generally small Produces fruits and lacks identity in appearance or botanical character.

Recently, attempts have been made to develop cultivated varieties of strawberry plants from seeds; Such attempts have limited success from a commercial standpoint. Insects that can be propagated from seeds One effort in strawberries is commercially available from Pan American Seeds. Although it is described in the product pamphlet that it can be propagated by seed, However, this variety only allows less than 75% of the plants grown from seed to open in the first season. It is tormented by the fact that it does not flower and does not bear fruit. with this pamphlet does not describe how this variant was obtained. On the other hand, such details Seed-propagated strawberries that work well can be of good value to gardeners, but are not commercially viable. It is of questionable agro-economic value from a growth perspective.

High can body levels, such as octoploid in asexually propagated Fragaria, are generally associated with large berries. related to size, whereas lower can levels such as diploid generally result in smaller related to is. An example of diploid strawberry, open-pollinated Fragaria vesca (F, V esca) is grown commercially from seeds, and the fruits it produces are small and generally It is generally unattractive for raw consumption, so it is suitable for fruit drinks, stored products, etc. . The strawberry fruit production market is generally dominated by polyploid Fragari propagated via asexual propagation. dominated by species. Such types include, among others, the octoploid species Fragaria kissa. Nanassa (F.

xananassa). Polyploid Fragaria plants displaying commercially important properties There is great hope whether propagation from seeds can be done without practical and asexual propagation techniques. It will probably be

The above results indicate that virtually each plant produces fruit within the first year after sowing. It is highly desirable to provide seeds from which productive polyploid Fragaria plants can be produced. It is. Seeds conveniently have one or more commercially valuable characteristics. similar (i.e., substantial identity), so plants that exhibit all plant characteristics similarly It is hoped that the seeds will germinate.

A polyploid fragari that is propagated from seeds and has fruit production in virtually each plant. Despite these obvious benefits of plants/seeds, such plants/seeds Also, plant genetic complexity and polyploid flora are typical of close relatives in rear plants. Not provided for reasons related to mating suppression issues.

The present invention allows for the use of groups that are sibs or half-sibs in the inbreeding selection process. Applying inbreeding techniques for diploid-friendly polyploid Fragaria plants, such as If a polyploid Fragaria plant is a Fragaria plant with one desirable characteristic (or characteristic), When the Fragaria plant is crossed with other polyploid Fragaria plants, these properties are virtually eliminated. generally all its descendants (i.e., within biologically certain limits, it is generally 95% or higher offspring).

detailed description The present invention allows plants to be produced from seed, with each plant being fruit productive within substantially the first year. Propagable cultivated polyploid Fragaria plants are provided.

"Polyploid" means that the Fragaria plant is not diploid. They are Fraga Triploid to octoploid, nonaploid, decaploid or higher polyploidy that can be found in the ria group Any polyploid level of the level can be indicated. Preferably such Fragaria plants The object is octoploid.

The term "plant" refers to whole plants and plants, including seeds, berries, plant tissues and their cells. Regarding the part.

Fragaria plants include Fragaria xananassa, Fragaria chiroensis (F .

chiloensis), Fragaria verniana (F, virginia) na), Fragaria monyata (F, moschata), etc. can be selected. Commercially important asexually propagated cultivars representing various Fragaria groups are , Fruit Variety Journal, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Fruit Varieties Journal, 42 (3 units 102-1 08 (1988) and the cultivars described therein. This species represented therefore falls within the definition of Fragaria plants propagable from seeds according to the invention. Also included. A preferred Fragaria species is Fragaria xananatusa. good Preferably, Fragaria xananasosa is octoploid.

r "substantially each plant is fruit productive within the first year" means "substantially each plant is fruit productive" having fruit production during the first fruiting season after a plant goes to seed, or when a plant has It means showing fruit productivity in a particular season during the first year. Originally like this Fruit productivity is determined by normal factors such as having enough pollinating insects in a particular season. It will depend on the requirements of the flour.

"Substantially each plant" means 90% or more, especially 95% or more, most preferably less This means at least 99% of plants.

In addition to the ability to produce fruit within its first year of sowing, the plants of the invention have Preferably, it also exhibits one or more commercially valuable properties. commerce Typical examples of economically valuable traits are berry shape, berry size, and fruit productivity. , fruit taste, seed or achine permeability, photoperiod independent, stolons per plant. It is a number. Particularly preferred properties of plants of the invention are independent of photoperiod (i.e. they are It can be grown all year round, regardless of the region of production. Words unrelated to daylight hours are sunshine substantially independent of time and natural daylight, artificial light or a combination thereof It means that the flower will bud and produce fruit regardless of the situation. Particularly preferred plants of the invention Another characteristic that is desirable is that it does not produce creepers at all or that other commercially available asexual plants This is less common than the reproductive type. Generally, preferred plants of the present invention have 5 or less It will have a stalk. Particularly preferred are plants that do not produce stolons. Number of stalks Plants with fewer fruits produce more fruit per plant.

The mature berries of the plants of the invention for raw consumption preferably have an average diameter of is also at least 25 mm at its widest point.

The plants of the invention most preferably exhibit identity in appearance or similarity in botanical properties. and thus equally acceptable to commercial strawberry growers. The plant is therefore Differences in plant properties are disadvantageous when making purchasing decisions when customers buy from growers. may show an acceptable difference in that it does not affect the For example, the leaf shape of 5% of plants The difference in berry shape cannot be a commercially unacceptable difference, whereas the difference in berry shape The difference can be.

Particularly preferred polyploid Fragaria plants of the invention are of the F1 hybrid form; They are preferably octoploid, more preferably 8-canned flora are Lia xananassa inplants. It is a thing. The present invention also provides varieties such as the F1 hybrid plants of the present invention, and Subsequent generations derived from the F1 hybrid plants of the invention are also provided.

For the purposes of this invention, polyploid F1 hybrid plants are desired after several generations of inbreeding. It is the product of a cross between varieties that exhibit substantial identity in their germplasm. “Remains "Substantially identical in transmission" means 90% or more, particularly 95% or more, most preferably or at least 99% germplasm identity. Typically, variant selection involves , which includes, among other things, an evaluation of the binding capacity of selected variants. Such an evaluation is a variant indicates an asserted manifestation of a desirable characteristic or combination of desirable characteristics; It can be evaluated. Such polyploid hybrids have commercially desirable phenotypic properties. The same expression is shown.

Such plants are typically cultivated by growers without affecting the commercial value of the product. It shows a similarity in species degree that can overlook the disparity in the characteristics of different plants.

The present invention relates to seeds that germinate the plants of the present invention and strawberry fruits or fruits derived from the plants of the present invention. We also offer Haberiichi.

Also included within the scope of the present invention are the above-mentioned F1<br>id fragaria plants. The polyploid hula produced from the seeds of is the ria plant. Fl/Shibu1runodofraga Seeds of Ria plants are seed-propagable and produce F2 or F2 with fruit production in the first period. can also germinate progeny in later generations, and the desirability seen in the Fl/\Ibrid generation Expression of unusual traits can also be seen in this population. F1＼Fragari derived from Ibrid The progeny of the A plant, F2 and further generations, develop the desirable properties of the F1 hybrid. However, it may also be included within the scope of the present invention.

The fruits or berries of the plant of the present invention can be eaten raw, jams, candied fruits, and fruit drinks. Optional, such as for processed forms of fruit or berries, such as canned goods, liquor, cordial, etc. Can be scheduled for use for different types of consumption.

The polyploid Fragaria plants of the present invention may be propagated from seeds in commercial quantities. Ru. The advantage of producing seeds in commercial quantities for large-scale strawberry production is that asexual propagation is Seeds, as opposed to propagated plants, generally produce disease-free material and can reduce production costs; Shipping and growing planning can be made easier. Situations where delivery to warm regions is envisioned In some cases, the provision of disease-free strawberry seeds would be particularly advantageous.

Obtaining polyploid Fragaria plants and Fragaria Fl/1 Ibri-throat plants of the present invention. A breeding process has been established to achieve this goal, in which inbreeding depression is controlled and If the objective is to obtain F1 hybrids, the phenotypic expression of the variant Unity is paramount.

Accordingly, the present invention provides for substantially each plant to be fruit productive and seed prolific within the first year. Provides a method for producing fertile polyploid Fragaria plants, which can be grown from seeded populations. The selection of seeds that express the properties of the taste object and the desirable properties of such seeds are Inbreeding until genetically stable and reliable re-expression in each subsequent generation. This includes arranging. The number of inbreeding steps can be any number of steps, but generally closely related The number of hybridization steps includes about 4 steps, and can include from 4 to 10 steps or more. Ru.

Preferably, the method of the invention is performed by using a full sib group or half sib group selection step. Become. Such selection steps are typical for polyploid Fragaria plants described in the art. Allows avoidance of typical inbreeding suppression problems.

The selection process conveniently includes other additional characteristics of commercial value, such as those outlined above. one or more characteristics, especially independent of daylight hours and decimal (or no) Including stolons.

In order to increase the frequency of seed germination, seeds are It may be convenient to use an enhancement process. Therefore, the resulting plants are hybrid can be interbred to form . If the varieties have similarities in plant characteristics that are necessary for commercial purposes If they meet the criteria in It can be used as a variant for

The production of hybrid plants of the invention generally involves i) crossing varieties; ii) Collection of seeds of the hybrid: 1ii) Take the seeds (: iv) optionally using a seed promotion step at any point prior to step 1ii); It includes the steps shown in the figure.

Fragaria seeds are impermeable, true fruits with hard shells or emaciated, with shells and / or Depending on the permeability of seed dormancy, seeds may take different amounts of time to germinate. can be obtained. Relatively more permeable seed shells and/or seed dormancy during breeding programs seeds with similar early germination times and therefore high natural germination rates. It is possible.

Alternatively, plant seeds and seed end products used in breeding programs can be It can be subjected to a seed promotion process at the appropriate time. The seed promotion process typically , a treatment that weakens or increases the permeability of the seed shell without substantially interfering with the viability of the seed. or by physical means such as scarification or chemical means such as on the seed husk. administration of enzymes or mild bleaching agents (e.g. 1% sodium hypochlorite solution). 15 minutes). The application of seed promotion processes, if necessary, Modify the germination rate of the seeds of the Fragaria plant to be tasted by at least 85% upon request. I can do good. For example, among others selected as a permeable seed shell (i.e. has a high natural germination rate) There is no need to use a seed promotion process for Fragaria seeds that have been cormorant. However, if the seeds do not have a high natural germination rate, the seed promotion process is necessary. It would be important. Therefore, one aspect of the present invention provides seeds with a germination rate of at least 85%. It is an object of the present invention to provide polyploid Fragaria plants of the present invention that produce polyploid Fragaria plants.

Once the desired property or set of properties has been sufficiently and stably integrated into the regulation of the object of interest, , then they can interbreed. Such hybrid products are defined as As expected, I will name it Fl. F1 hybrids propagable from seeds are commercially available as described above. It shows stable plant characteristics from a plant perspective.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hybrids of the invention use male sterility. can be obtained.

Such a male barren rule makes it possible to carry out the above seed promotion process if desired. Cultivation of regulations using the process, then to obtain male barren plants such regulations and male Obtained by crossbreeding with a sterile-providing plant and then reverse crossbreeding with said male sterile plant according to the regulations. Can be done.

If the plants consist of a mixture of male sterile and male fertile plants, pollination is There must also be a sufficient number of male fertile plants present.

Fragaria plants grow in greenhouses and produce flowers or fruits in any season, such as winter. The normal conditions for pollination are hand pollination and introduction of pollinating insects into the greenhouse. This should include known pollination methods such as pollination.

The introduction of backcrossing into the breeding methods outlined above introduces male sterility into the regulations and Fewer rules are used in the manufacturing process (with only one fully fertile human hand reduce or eliminate the need for castration due to The number of backcrosses required can be any number. however, generally fewer (three reverse crosses are required) was discovered. The Fl hybrid plants obtained by sowing the F1 seeds of the present invention are male Since they are separated in terms of sexual sterility, those that are fully fertile and those that are male sterile A mixture of plants, but with respect to the expression of germplasm and other desirable characteristics The plants are consistent with commercial acceptability.

This specification focuses on the polyploid F, whose male sterility is currently in practical use in breeding methods. 1. A general description of how to obtain hybrid Fragaria plants is followed.

Strawberry plants propagated from stolons are selved to provide an F2 population. fed). These F2 populations exhibit different genotypes. exhibiting certain desirable characteristics Select plants from one set of the F2 generation, and then select the plants from the F3 generation, the so-called complete homogenization group (complete homogenization group). mating to obtain a group of cells). Full sibling selection for commercially desirable traits for successive generations until the new species is sufficiently similar in that the expression of Repeat. Groups of such fully homogenized species can then be grown using tissue culture methods or asexually propagated. Cloning using known techniques such as cloning techniques. Or completely like this Sibling groups are acceptable for sowing. As a variation of the above, we can create a half-sib group selection system. It can be used for construction. Hemi-siblings divide selected plants of one line into these plants themselves or two Or pollinated with a pollen mixture obtained from a later generation line. Separately The progeny (ie, seeds or plants) of recovered plants are shown as half-sibs.

Therefore, the female parent plant is known, but the male plant is not. half-siblings are commercial selection until a new species is sufficiently similar in that it maintains the expression of desired characteristics. They can be treated in a full-sibling and sibling manner in selection and breeding. like this Half-sib parent lines are then cloned using known techniques. Or half-sibling group Parental lines are acceptable for sowing.

Full sib group or half sib group selection as described above, or recurrent selection 5election) or mass selection (mass 5election) or other known breeding methods to develop commercially desirable traits. The steps can be processed as follows.

One of the ways to develop commercially desirable properties is to develop male sterile donor plants and Can be reverse crossed to introduce male sterility into the formula. Once male sterile due to reverse mating Once introduced, it is bred with a well-breeding standard that has the desired characteristics. (or As mentioned above, androgenic is simply a plant that exhibits the characteristics of male sterile. select a species and use its characteristics in known breeding programs such as recurrent selection or mass selection It can also be introduced into a code by introducing it into a prospective code using the method described. Ru. ) The products of such crosses are F11 hybrids capable of germinating F1 hybrid plants. She is an Ibrizdo child.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the invention uses known tissue culture techniques and growth media. and then cloned.

This cloning process involves cloning the plants of the invention (plant parts, seeds, fruits and their seeds). The use of tissue culture techniques to facilitate large scale production of Suggested for mass production of one or both parents for hybrid production.

Cloning, as used herein, refers to cloning of the plant tissue of the present invention from plants of the same genotype. Concerning proliferation that produces large quantities of. Cloned plants with known inbreeding and hybridization crossed with either the plant obtained by the technique or other preferred cloned plants. obtain. - In embodiments, the cloned parent plant is crossed with another cloned parent plant, Seeds of such hybrids can be collected. Alternatively, cloning in tissue culture is possible. Competent tissues are obtained from plants of the invention and are clones of such plants themselves. It can be used as Substances derived from these tissues are used when seeds are sown and grown to the seedling stage. and can be sold in commercial quantities to growers. “Tissue” refers to individual cells, roots, shoots, and leaves. Or it can mean a part of an organ, a seedling, etc.

F11 hybrid children M8 (Example 2 below) and H55 (Example 1 below) ) was deposited with NCI-IB, Aberdeen on November 9, 1992, and was The consignment numbers are NCI~fB40527 and NCIMB40528, respectively.

The invention will now be further described with reference to the following examples. The example is It will be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited in any way.

Example 1: Two types of day neutral systems were used F1 hybrid octoploid plant exhibiting reduced stalks and low plant light fruit productivity. Production of lagalia plants Please refer to Breeding Organization 1 below.

Asexually propagated 8-culture Fragaria showing de-neutral and soft fruits among others. Variant, cv Ostara (Fragaria variety, cv 0star aXCP R○, Wageningen) and collect the seeds. Seeds are internal numbers obtained as an F2 population designated E210P (where OP is open pollination). Ru. Plants were selected from an open pollinated F2 population (E21-6) and seeds from it were circulated. collect. An F3 population designated as Fl7 is obtained from the seeds. Is the plant an F3 population? was selected and named Fl7-2, open pollinated, and seeds from it were collected.

From the seeds, F4, named G44, is obtained. Plants are selected from this F4 population. It was named G44-1. G44-1 is self-pollinated (S) Saya and seeds from it Collect. The seeds of G44-1 are sown and the seedlings are named H67. H67-3 Two types of plants named H67-1 and H67-1 were selected and self-pollinated. Collect seeds from the soil. Seeds from H67-3S and H67-IS were grown separately. sowing (i.e. not mixing the two seed populations), and the resulting seedling populations were Name it 1165. Plants derived from two sister thread species (1167-1 and 1165 -6) is crossed to restore plant activity. Seeds recovered from this hybrid After sowing, a field named K148 was obtained. Half-sibs are female parent plants of 5 species from K148 and pollinated it with a pollen mixture of the same five parental species, thus producing a subpopulation of K148. Create by creating. Plants are collected separately from 148. Are you in a half-sibling group? The offspring of one of the selected plants (K148-2) was named L107, A plant is selected from this population and named L107-1. This plant is a male plant, i.e. This is an F8 inbred generation derived from cv Ostara. These plants are especially exhibits neutrality and a reduced number of stolons.

Female Visible is an asexually propagated eight-bodied Fragaria variety, CV Bullington (Fragari). a variety, cv BringtonX University of California) , was recovered in the field and the plant derived therefrom is named 1630P(F2). 163 Half-sib groups are created using a method similar to that used to obtain male sex codes. Seed mixing of half-sibs avoid it if The half-sibs are sown and one of them is named 249. H24 Nine half-sibs were produced using a method similar to that described to obtain the male lines above. Build. Avoid mixtures of half-sibling seeds. Half-siblings sow and select plants The descendant of (H249-1) is named H203. Select plants from this L203 population. Select it and name it H203-2. This plant is female-visible (i.e. var. Bullington F4 cross generation), and among other things, de-neutrality and reduction in the culture medium the number of stolons and the characteristics of fruit productivity of each plant within its first year. vinegar.

The two regulations were crossed to produce an F1 hybrid plant, which was then mixed with M55. Name it. These 8-canned Fragaria plants have uniform plant productivity, plant size and and shape, reduced number of stolons, dineutrality, and its first year Indicates fruit productivity within.

Example 2: Fruit production within the first year using de-neutral and short-day systems Manufacture of F1 hybrid octoploid Fragaria plants showing productivity See Breeding Mechanism 2 below I want to be

CV Douglas (University of California), a short-day asexually propagated eight-bodied Fragaria variety Seeds of this origin are sown to obtain a population designated G1530P (F2). this group A plant was selected, named G153-41, was open pollinated, the seeds were collected and After sowing, a population named H294 was obtained. Select plants from this population and Flour it, collect the seeds, name them l371, and sow them. From l371, half-siblings Groups are prepared using the method outlined in Example 1. These half-sibling groups (H371 -3) Name it 426 and sow the seeds. Select 4 types of plants from H426 and The pollen of these plants is mixed, crossed with 1109-1 and tested for binding ability. Conclusion Compatibility is measured by observing the inheritance of traits in a species when combined with other species.

Dini, -) Chill octaploid Fragari can species Lapela (Frugariavarie) Seeds from asexual propagation that are ty RapellaXCPR○, Wanningen) are , and obtained a population named G170P. Sow G17-1 seeds, Grow and obtain a population named H42. Plants were selected from this population and H42- I got one named 4 and allowed it to self-pollinate. Seeds derived from H42-4 were sown and grown. As a result, a population named l109 is obtained. Plants selected from this population I 109- Name it 1. This plant is a female parent plant that exhibits de-neutrality. be.

1109-1 and 4 types of pollen derived from 426 are crossed. This results in 8 cultures Fragaria F1 hybrid plant M8 is obtained. These plants are the same type of alcoholic beverage Physical properties, high fruit productivity and fruit production per plant in its first year.

Example 3: All plants exhibiting the use of male sterile traits in the breeding system are fruit bearing. Manufacture of F1 hybrid octoploid Fragaria plants exhibiting productivity See Breeding Mechanism 3 below. I want to be

Short-day asexually propagated 8-bodied Fragaria variety, CV Honeoie (Fragaria va. (Cornell University, Geneva Exbu) Station, York State) was sown and the resulting seedling population was divided into I4 Name it 610P. Select plants from this population, ■461-1, and use open pollination. It produces seeds, which are then sown. Select plants from this group of seedlings, H484. 484-1), open pollination and sow the obtained seeds to obtain population L396. 2 types Select plants (H396-2 and H396-4), obtain pollen mixture, and mix it with Used for propagation of the parent plant, L29-1ms.

Obtained from a male sterile source, an 8-can experimental Fragaria plant exhibiting male sterility. The seeds are named G1. (from any Fragaria plant exhibiting male sterile characteristics) Seeds may be selected as a source of male sterility. commercially available as a source of male sterility Seeds available are CV Pandora, East Mailing Experimental research station). G1 seeds are sown and grown, showing male sterility. Select the plant G1-1m5. Seeds are produced by open pollination, from G1-1m5. Harvest and sow to obtain a population named H270P. Shows male sterility To select plants from this population (H27-1ms), use the method outlined above to produce other lines. (e.g. F4 plant 1109-1, Breeding Organization 2) produced by a general method Pollen mixture of 10 plants in the F3 Lapeladei neutral variety population group (H42) A population of plants (K2S) was obtained from which 83-2m5 was selected. , which is an F5 lapella plant, is backcrossed with 199-6. The resulting name was L29. Plants exhibiting male sterility were selected from the population L29 (1m5), and plants L396 -2 and H396-4 pollen to obtain F1 hybrid, M215. . All plants of this F1 octoploid hybrid exhibit fruit production and are male sterile. Regarding this, it is divided into 50% and 50%.

Example 4. A single plant using short day (SD) and photoperiod neutralizing (DN) systems. F1 hives exhibiting biological characteristics and are divided into 50% and 150% in terms of male sterility. Production of lid octaploid plants Please refer to Breeding Mechanisms 2.3 and 4 below.

Short-day (SD) asexually propagated 8-can body Fragaria variety, cv Kent (Fragaria variety, cvKentX Agricultural Research Station I4600, sown with seeds derived from I4600, Kentville, Novus Konya, Canada A population of seedlings (F2 population) named P (○P indicates open pollination) is obtained. plant, 1460-2 was selected from this population to produce seeds by open pollination and then sowing. child A group of seedlings, H483, and plants (H483-2) were selected, open pollinated, and seeded. to obtain L394 population. Two types of plants, H394-2 and H394-3 Selected from the L394 population and crossed to obtain a complete sib population designated M3S3. let M3.53-3 is selected as the male parent of F1 hybrid R199.

Source of male sterility, the experimental 8-body Fragaria plant seeds exhibiting male sterility are named G1. wear. (Seeds from any Fragaria plant that exhibits male sterile characteristics are male sterile. can be selected as a sexual source. Commercially available species that can be used as sources of male sterility are , Cν Pandora, East Mailing Experimental Research Ste. ). G1 Seeds are sown and grown, plants exhibiting male sterility, G1- Select 1m5. Seeds were produced by open pollination, collected from G1-1m5, and H27 Seeds are sown to obtain a population named 0P. This group of plants exhibits male sterility. H271m5), as outlined above to produce other systems (e.g. F 4 Plant 1109-1, breeding mechanism 2) F3 Lapeladi produced by general method Crossed with a pollen mixture of 10 plants in the group (H42) of the neutral variety population, Obtain a population of plants (K2S) and select 83-2m5 from it, F5 lapella plants. 199-6. The population obtained by this reverse crossbreeding is called L29. Name it.

From L29, male barren plants L29-1ms were selected and R6 lapella plant population (H 175) and backcrossed with the 175-1 plant. The plants obtained by this reverse crossbreeding are M Name it 2S. From this M58 population, a male barren plant, M2S-1ms, was selected. and backcrossed with Mll-1, an F7 plant selected from the F7 Lapela population. child The plant obtained by reverse crossing is named M2O3. From the M501 population, male sterile A hairy mass, M2O3-1ms, was selected and reverse crossed with MILL-1 plants to make it male sterile. The hairy population produces P2O5 and is then male sterile for mating with M3S3-3. Choose hairy plants. P2O5-1m5 is a product of 4 reverse crosses against Pella. be.

Cross P2O5-has and M3S3-3 plants, at least for the first year. Fruit productivity, di-neutral, is expressively monogamous and is associated with male sterility. As a result, an 8-can body F1 hybrid R199, which is divided into 50%:50%, is obtained.

Example 5: Seed promotion treatment of 8-can Fragaria xananassa F1 hybrid seeds effect of theory 6gl11 8 cans Fragaria xananassa F1 hybrid seeds 3Xl lo 300ml of 7% by volume hypochlorous acid (internal name 1, K2 and 3) Sodium at an initial temperature of 20° C. at intervals of 15.30 and 45 minutes. . Controls are placed in 300 ml of water at the same time intervals: all other experimental parameters The meter is the same as that of the test sample. The temperature of the test sample starting at 20℃ is The temperature rises to 23°C during the test. After each time interval, remove the seeds from the solution and Place in a nylon mesh pack and wash with 10 liters of water for 1 minute. Cleaning work Repeat the process two more times. After washing, the seeds are centrifuged at 1000 g for 1 minute. seed Further dry with air steam (approximately 40 m/min) for up to 24 hours. Departure Buds were isolated by sowing treated seeds and controls respectively on paper in the light at 25°C. Germination was tested on 200 seeds of each seed lot, and germination was observed daily for 28 days. Track by counting the number of roots. Total germination on the 28th day resulted in 50% total germination ( Tso), and the length is calculated by Orchard Tj, (1977), Nord Sci. The measurements were carried out according to the method outlined in Science and Technology, Volume 5, Pages 61-69. Set.

The results are shown in Table 1 Table 1 Processing T. Length Germination% Germination% (Sodium chlorite) (Sun) 14th 28th Seed lot 1 Control (Wed) 12.0 4.8 59 88 (K1) Hypoallergenic 7% 15 minutes 10.5 3.4 82 97 Hypoallergenic 7% 30 minutes 7.2 2. 8 97 100 Hydra 7% 45 minutes 6.6 2.1 98 99 Seed Lot 2 Control (water) 13.2 5.1 58 94 (K2) Hypoallergenic 7% 15 minutes 10.6 5.4 81 99 Hypoallergenic 7% 30 minutes 8.1 3. 3 91 97 Hyaluronic acid 7% 45 minutes - 111 Seed Lot 3 Control (Wed) 12.2 5.2 67 98 (K3) Hypoallergenic 7% 15 minutes 10.4 3.8 82 98 Hypoallergenic 7% 30 minutes 7.1 2. 2 97 98 Hydra 7% 45 minutes 7.1 2.2 100 1001) k87. IXk407. I FlllX Hybrid 12) k87.1xk407. IF l/hl/silad 23) k148. IXk407. I F1 Nozob 1 Lund 3- No test Example 6: Cloning meristems of eight-canned Fragaria plants using tissue culture techniques The experimental material containing the stem material was cut from the tip of the stalk of 148-2 and Disinfect the surface by first soaking it in a tanol solution (no longer than 5 seconds). Next substance 1.5% by volume of sodium hypochlorite (30ml) (Glorix, Bayeck) 200 rpm at room temperature. Surface sterilize for 15 minutes with a rotary stirrer. The in vitro culture material was then added to 3 volumes (3X 30ml ) with sterile saline (8,5 g/I), then the meristem is released from the stem.

The meristems were grown in a culture tube (2 cm in diameter) containing 16.7 ml of starting culture medium by lightning. ). The starting medium is: The macrocomponent is Kutsutubu W [(1865) Land-Wors Strand (L andv.

Vers, Stn, ) volume 7, pages 93-107]. 10 mg/lFeSO4・7HzO and 10mg/lNa2EDTA It is supplemented with Micro components and organic components are Murashige T., and Skoog F. [(1962) Physiologia branta. Physiol, Plant, Vol. 15: pp. 473-497] 1.2 mg/IKIBA (indole-3-butyric acid Sigma) 0.1mg/I BA (N'-benzyladenine (full strength AG)) 44g/ l glucose monohydrate 7g/l agar (Rab M) (Ammarjam, UK) 31 Place the meristems in the dark for 7 days. and then moved to light conditions (16 hours of brightness at 3000 lux/8 hours of darkness). . The temperature is maintained within the range of 22-24°C. After 6 weeks, the newly formed shoots were There is a lid interrupted at the inner edge (in order to carry out gas exchange). Breeding mechanism 2: KIBAl, 2mg/l and BAl, OII1g De-neutral/short days Hehe gate cl+(,, -biased - Breeding mechanism 3: male sterile *hermaphrodite Breeding mechanism 4: male sterile *hermaphrodite (Experimental Fragaria plant exhibiting male sterility)

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. Plants that can be propagated from seed, with virtually each plant being fruit productive within its first year. Polyploid Fragaria plants. 2. Perry shape, perry size, fruit productivity, fruit taste, seed or achine transparency Characteristics selected from hypersexuality, reduced or absent number of stolons and irrespective of daylight hours. 2. A plant according to claim 1, which exhibits substantial identity with respect to one or more of the following. 3. Claims that the average diameter of the natural perry is at least 25 mm at its widest point. The plant according to claim 2. 4. The plant according to any one of 1 to 3, which is octaploid. 5. Fragaria xananassa, Fragaria chirorensis and Fragaria 5. A plant according to claim 4 selected from the group consisting of Virginia. 6. The plant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is Fragaria mochata. 7. F1 hybrid of the plant according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 8. Parent species of the plant according to claim 7. 9. The male sterile plant according to claim 8. 10. Cells, tissues, organs, and parts of plants according to any one of claims 1 to 9. Yobi Naegi. 11. Strawberry fruit produced from the Fragaria plant according to any one of claims 1 to 9. fruit. 12. Seeds of the Fragaria plant according to any one of claims 1 to 9. 13. Seeds that give rise to plants according to any one of claims 1 to 9. 14. Seed according to claim 12 or 13, having a germination frequency of at least 85%. .