JPH06506996A - Engine for underwater work - Google Patents

Abstract

A machine for performing work at great depths utilizes the energy which is released when surrounding water masses at great hydrostatic pressure are admitted into a low pressure reservoir via a hydraulic motor (2). The machine uses a built-in low pressure reservoir (3) as a hydrostatic accumulator, the energy which is released when the surrounding fluid is admitted into the low pressure reservoir being determined by the product of the pressure difference and the internal volume of the low pressure reservoir. In a special version (Fig. 10) the machine is designed as a hydrostatic sampler which is particularly adapted for taking core samples or marine sediments on the seabed.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Engine for underwater work The present invention provides a solution for when a high hydrostatic pressure ambient water volume enters a low pressure tank by a hydraulic motor. Designed to operate at great depths by harnessing the energy released Regarding the engine.

The invention also relates to a hydrostatic sampler, in particular for core samples of seafloor sediments, This collector has a cylindrical head and a nearly cylindrical shape with the vertical axis passing approximately through the center of gravity of the head. and a sampling section, and the sampling section consists of at least one sampling tube section. It consists of a collection machine tube.

The reason behind the invention is that transmission lines or tubes are very expensive to operate; They are heavy and easily damaged, so e.g. water pressure or The difficulty of supplying electricity or power increases as the depth increases. That's the point.

One possibility is locally stored power in the form of batteries or eliminators. However, this is also very damaging under the environment where the tool is exposed. Hydraulic operation is much more suitable than electric power from the viewpoint of ease of operation and operational safety.

The machine according to the invention uses a complete low pressure tank as a "hydrostatic accumulator" The ambient liquid is released when it enters the low-pressure tank under controlled conditions. The energy generated is determined by the product of the pressure difference and the internal volume of the low pressure tank.

For example, a low pressure tank with an internal volume of 1 m3 and almost empty of gas is 20×10 ’　N-m or approximately 5.5 KWh of pressure energy released from the surrounding water volume You can. Therefore, this energy is proportional to the depth of seawater and is It increases in proportion to the volume of the tank.

The present invention is useful for many different applications that utilize this energy, as well as for many different related applications. related to equipment.

Hydrostatic core sampler is used to collect sediment core samples in deep sea tanks. used. Deep-sea sediments are mainly composed of sediments generated from the activities of underwater organisms. Such core samples are of great interest for paleooceanography and paleoclimatology. It has taste. Small calcareous and quartz microorganisms grow at a rate of about 1 cm per 1000 years. accumulate. Solid groups of fauna and flora are always present, adapted to specific temperatures and salinities. The fossil deposits therefore reveal the long-standing physical properties of the ocean.

In the 1970s, biological information on the frequency of occurrence of species and their preferred temperature ranges was developed. It was possible to convert the ocean's paleowater temperature with an accuracy of 0.50°C using a mathematical conversion function. It became so. The oxygen and isotope method also shows temperature and shows the extent of ice on Earth. amount is measured. We applied these methods to sediment core samples from deep-sea tanks. The basis for a major international research program was established. This program is the fourth All biological information on climatic conditions for centuries, especially the last ice age up to about 2000 The purpose was to summarize the changes in the Earth's climate that have taken place since 0 years ago. Recent number Over the years, this study has shown that changes in climate have been said to have occurred due to human activities. Other connections were made relating to issues similar to impact.

Core samples of the upper sediment layer were collected in cores approximately 10 to 20 m long to the top of the continental shelf. for a period of about 1,000,000 years by collecting it in a deep sea tank using A record of its geological and paleontological history can be obtained over the course of its history. The core sample is It does not need to be longer than this year and, moreover, the sediment layer is not particularly hard, so the hydrostatic pressure Harvesters are well suited for this purpose. To use a hydrostatic sampler, the hydrostatic pressure, i.e. driving the sampler tube into the sediment layer under the influence of water pressure at the depth at which the sample is taken. It is necessary. Additionally, e.g. mechanical or hydraulic motors or several Compared to similar harvesters that require an external power source with a built-in motor, The pressure extraction machine can be made particularly lightweight and simple. Exploration is extremely demanding in the deep sea. There are also particular advantages to this aspect of hydrostatic samplers, as they are often carried out in It would be of considerable advantage to have equipment that is easy to transport, transport, and operate.

There are many known gravity sampling machines that meet these conditions to some extent, but they do not have sufficient penetration depth. If it is l / Since it requires a strike, it must be relatively heavy.

Periodical “Marine Geology”, No. 54 (1983/1984.M33~ M41 page) from F.

Active type developed in 1981 by W, Matsukoi and Niss, Serbin Hydrostatic pressure sampling machines are well known.

The Matsukoi and Selbin harvesters are lowered by an internal pulley device, which lowers the collector tube. A hydrostatic piston engine used to lift a falling weight that is driven into the sediment layer. engine is used. This cycle exhausts the hydrostatic energy potential. is repeated until force) and the amount of hydrostatic energy available for use It is used to pull up falling weights, and in addition, it is The structure of this lifting device is complicated.

The purpose of this device is to improve and increase the efficiency of the known harvesting machines of Ma Sokoi and Servin. An object of the present invention is to provide an improved active hydrostatic pressure sampling machine. Pressure as a housing for all equipment Using a tank, equipped with a valve controller, all sensing components force ≦ pressure tank container It is safely stored inside. Along with its contents, this is used as a pile driver It constitutes the main part of the At the same time, the piston of the hydrostatic motor pulls up and is used directly to perform the falling motion, and in this way, the energy conversion minimize losses. The pressure tank forming the head of the extractor is lifted up. If the Provides a double action effect that further contributes to the improvement of the removal machine. In this way, the present invention The hydrostatic sampler according to the present invention has many advantages compared to known samplers. Matsuko Compared to the harvesters of A and Selvin, the harvester according to the invention has a lower weight and a hanger. Larger ratio of mass to mass, i.e. gives higher pump pressure and therefore greater power transmission This eliminates the need for lifting acceleration. This means that the lifting acceleration is the same as the falling acceleration. degree, it gives a considerable recoil effect and doubles the impact force from the blow. So Above, at great depths, the pulling force becomes even more dominant. Furthermore, according to the present invention The harvesters operated directly by the surrounding seawater, in contrast to the This sampling machine uses a membrane material and hydraulic oil as a deceleration member. Therefore, the present invention A sampler according to the present invention is expected to provide fairly small internal losses.

The hydrostatic machine according to the invention is characterized by the features set out in claims 1 to 20. The reference numbers in these claims refer to the reference numbers in Figures 1-9. corresponds to On the other hand, the hydrostatic machine according to the present invention is as described in claims 21 to 44. The reference numbers in these claims are , corresponding to the reference numbers in FIGS. 10-18.

A sampling machine is considered as a special case of a hydrostatic machine according to the invention and therefore The invention will be explained in detail with a hydrostatic sampler as an example. Collection machine theory In connection with the present disclosure, reference may be made to FIGS. 10-18.

The general principles of the invention are illustrated and explained in FIG.

FIG. 2 shows a shaft-shaped piston engine 2a driven by hydrostatic pressure inside a low pressure chamber 11. It is installed.

In addition to the hydrostatic fluid-driven axial piston engine 2a, FIG. An improved system with an axial piston engine 20 delivering fluid to a rotary engine 2b. It is a place. Two low-pressure tanks, i.e. tank 1 "in one piece" as shown in Figure 1 1 is equipped with an external tank 3b.

FIG. 4 shows that the piston pump 20 and the rotor engine 31 are connected to the accumulator 32. Together with the pressure control valve, it constitutes a closed device operated by suitable hydraulic fluid. The piston motor 2a makes heavy use of water as its operating medium.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the invention as an impactor or percussion drill.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the present invention as a sampler for collecting core samples of marine sediment on the seabed. to show the appearance.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of the invention for driving an anchor 70 into sediment on the seabed. , the anchor according to the invention is in compressed form and according to the invention can be driven into the sediment. It's included. When the anchor chain 72 is pulled, the anchor It forms a hole. In this embodiment of the invention, the machine also has a specific weight of 17", forming a complete body that actively contributes to the action of the anchor.

Figure 8 shows another embodiment of the "hydrostatic anchor", where the anchor In this case, the machine is equipped with a screw 17 with a thread 170 (approximately 4 mm larger). This screw is operated by a hydrostatic axial piston and a hydraulic rotor engine. Precipitates are removed by the combined movement of the two screws and the two screws. Driven into.

Figure 9 shows hydrostatic pressure and its use by the present invention to provide propulsion to an underwater vehicle. The applicable %I of the device is shown below.

FIG. 10 shows a basic diagram of a harvester according to the invention.

Figure 11a shows a preferred embodiment of a deep-sea harvester according to the invention.

FIG. 11b shows a type of shallow water harvester according to the invention.

Figures 12a and 12b show a preferred embodiment of the hydrostatic operating mechanism.

Figures 13a and 13b show other preferred embodiments of the hydrostatic operating mechanism.

Figures 14a and 14b show details of the embodiment of Figures 13a and 13b.

FIG. 15 shows the lowering of a hydrostatic sampler according to the invention.

FIG. 16 shows the harvester of FIG. 15 ready for operation.

Figure 17 shows the harvester of Figure 16 in operation.

Figure 18 shows the collector in working condition with the collector tube fully penetrated into the sediment layer. .

Figure 10 shows a harvester according to the invention. For hydrostatic pressure sampling machines, the head of the sampling machine is It consists of a pressure tank formed and made up of several compartments, thereby: The volume of the pressure tank may be adjusted depending on the number of compartments used in this embodiment. I can do it. Inside the pressure tank l is a high pressure cylinder attached to the wall of the pressure tank. -13 is installed. The high pressure cylinder is connected to the low pressure chamber through openings 133 and 134. 14, and the low pressure chamber 14 is formed by the upper part of the volume of the pressure tank 1. , and is connected to the outside of the pressure tank via a large mouth valve 11. Furthermore, the hyperbaric chamber 130 , which actually constitutes the cylinder of the pumping device that is the motor of the extractor, and is capable of high pressure A first piston 131 is arranged in the chamber 130 . This piston 131 is The second piston 21 of the auxiliary pump device 2 attached to the extension of the force tank 1 is It is firmly connected via a stone rod. The purpose of the second piston 21 is to Firstly, the transmission of the impact force, i.e. the extractor compartment 3 with the pressure tank 1 and the extractor tube 3o. The second part forms the auxiliary pump device 2 and this equipment At the same time, a pump is inserted through the three-way valve 22 to facilitate the operation of the collector pipe 3o. Release the contents of cylinder 2 to the outside, or inject seawater into conduit 35 It is to be used to do.

The low pressure chamber 14 of the pressure tank 1 is further equipped with a pressure safety valve lO to the external environment. The pressure is equalized through the auxiliary port through the opening 203 and the three-way valve 22, respectively. obtained by the non-active cylinder volume of the pump device 2. The upper plate of pressure tank l is , The hanging wire attachment is equipped with a bolt with a ring for attaching it to the top and bottom of the pressure tank 1. The plate is assembled and fixed with bolts. Therefore, the addition to pressure tank 1 To install the parts, loosen the top and bottom plates of pressure tank 1 and install the required number of special parts. This can be easily done by attaching the length of the bolt. The length naturally corresponds to the required length of the pressure tank l.

Figures 11a and Ilb show in detail a preferred embodiment of a hydrostatic sampler according to the invention. ing. Figure 11a shows a deep-sea harvester, which is clearly shown in Figure 12a. As shown, the internal volume of the high pressure chamber 130 in the high pressure cylinder is It has decreased by the amount of insertion. As a result, the volume ratio between the low pressure chamber 14 and the high pressure chamber 130 is The increased and therefore correspondingly larger stroke number is considerably greater at high hydrostatic pressures. depth is achieved, and the impact number is obviously determined by the volume ratio between the chambers. Figure 1 1b shows a shallow water type hydrostatic pressure sampling machine, excluding the lining of the hyperbaric chamber 130. It is exactly the same as the mold shown in FIG. 11a. A protective bar 4 is installed on the outside of the pressure tank 1. A large mouth valve 11 is connected between these and the pressure tank 1 or its head. A connected seawater filter is installed. This population valve 11 is closed during descent, A sampling machine is placed at a predetermined position on the seabed, for example, when the line trigger operating device of the large mouth valve 11 is activated. Do not open until ready to use. The high pressure cylinder 13 is shown in FIG. 12a, 1.2' b, 13a, 13b. Around the top of the high pressure cylinder 13 has a sleeve-like slide valve that can move axially around the top of the high-pressure cylinder. It is located. The valve housing 15 is provided with an inlet opening 150, and this sliding When the valve is placed in the upper position of the high pressure cylinder, the piston of the high pressure cylinder At the same time that the cylinder 131 is placed in the starting position, the inlet opening 150 is connected to the high pressure cylinder. 13 corresponding inlet openings 133 . The artificial opening 15o on the slide valve I5 is Furthermore, it is connected to the large mouth valve 11 via the flexible port I2. The collecting machine is on the seabed Once positioned, the actuator 110 is triggered and the mouth valve 11 opens, allowing water to flow out. flows under ambient pressure through the flexible hose 12 into the high pressure chamber 130, where the high pressure A piston 131 within the cylinder is shown for example in Figure 12a or 13a. It is placed in the starting position so that the sliding valve 5 is placed in the upper position. here hydrostatic pressure The water flowing into the high pressure chamber 130 below drives the piston 131 downward and The corresponding motion of the two connected pistons in the auxiliary pump device is obtained and is shown in Figure 1. 1a, this piston 2I is also in the upper starting position. Ru. In the starting position, the slide valve 15 is connected to the piston 131 for operation. Due to the compression spring mechanism located in the It remains as it is. This will be explained in detail in the next section.

Below, extra white A first embodiment 16 of the compression spring mechanism is shown in FIG. 12a, with a piston 131 is in the starting position, and in FIG. 12b this piston is in the ending position. pressure The compression spring mechanism is here placed in the spring housing 162 and the spring bolt It consists of a helical spring housed around 161. spring bolt 161 is a disk 151 fixed to the slide valve 15 and a piston at the bottom of the piston 131. It passes through a fixed positioning disk 132 disposed on the tongue rod. spring The bolt is arranged parallel to the piston, and the spring housing 162 is or mounted within the high pressure cylinder 13 on this side as shown in Figure 12b. ing. Lock nuts 163 and 164 are attached to the ends of the spring bolts. There is. In the starting position of the piston 131, the compression exerted by the retaining disk 132 By spring 60 the slide valve is pushed to its upper position, which causes , the tension of the compression spring 160 is completely released, and the upper locking nut of the spring bolt 161 is The tip 163 hits the disc 151 of the slide valve 15, thereby lowering it to the lower position. drawer, thus blocking the passage between the artificial openings 133 and 150 and preventing high pressure Stop the flow of water to chamber 130. Therefore, in this way, the tension of the compression spring 160 is When the force is relaxed, the tension spring 170 attached to the high pressure cylinder 13 and the slide valve 15 is pulled into a low position, and the outlet opening of the high pressure chamber 130 communicates with the low pressure chamber 14. , releasing pressure into it. As a result, the pressure in the high pressure chamber +30 is initially The pressure in the low pressure chamber 14, which was under atmospheric pressure, is equalized. Pressure tank or sampling machine When the pressure in the high pressure chamber 130 is equalized under the weight on the head of the piston 13 1 returns from the starting position to the ending position, and at the same time, the holding disc 132 once again retracts the valve. It hits the body 160 and pulls the compression spring 160, and the compression spring 160 is turned into a disc again. 151 to push the slide valve to the upper position and open the openings 150 and 133 through the large mouth valve 111. through the high pressure chamber 130, the high pressure chamber is filled with pressure, and then the vist repeated strokes. The tension spring 17 is weaker than the compression spring 160. 0 is again pulled during this operation, which naturally obstructs the return movement of the slide valve 15. I can't do that. From the above, the slide valve 15 has openings 133, 134, and 1 Together with 50, it constitutes the valve mechanism of the high pressure cylinder 130, and the high pressure cylinder 1 30 actually constitutes a hydrostatic motor for the operation of the sampling machine together with the piston 131. I can see what is being accomplished. 13a and 13b show the spring actuating the slide valve 15. Figure 13a shows another embodiment of the locking mechanism, with the piston in the starting position. Figure 13b shows the piston in the end position. Sara 13a and 13b correspond to FIGS. 11a and llb, respectively, and are shown therein. represents the same embodiment. This drawing also shows the piston on the side of the high pressure cylinder. A spring bolt 161 is arranged parallel to the stone 131, and this bolt passes through the opening in the side of the high-pressure cylinder and the disc 151 that is always connected. Ru. During the piston stroke, the high pressure chamber 130 is filled and the retaining disc 132 is stopped. The end of the rod hits the nut 164 and the spring 160a is retracted. The storage body is pressed against the disc 151 of the body 15, and the housing body is held at its low position by the spring 160a. pushed into. At the same time, the retaining disk 132 I hit Tsuto 194. This camshaft 190 is also connected to the high pressure cylinder 1 It is arranged parallel to the first piston 131 on the outside of 30, and passes through the opening on this side. are doing.

The camshaft 190 is provided with a cam disc 191, which allows for The camshaft and disc are fitted with a cam that engages with the cam groove of ratchet 1111I118. It constitutes a system mechanism. This blocking mechanism 18 abuts against the disc 151. The camshaft 190 is in the starting position of the slide valve 15 that prevents the When pulled together with 32, this blocking is released. In this way, The engagement between the camshaft 191 and the cam groove 182 of the ratchet mechanism is released.

As a result, the slide valve 15 can be moved to a lower position without being disturbed by the influence of the compression spring 160a. and on the other hand, attach it to the upper part of the high pressure cylinder 130 and the camshaft. where the cam disc is disengaged from the ratchet mechanism. The spring mechanism 17 pulls the camshaft 191 upwards, thereby causing the camshaft 191 to move again. The slide valve 15 is engaged with the cam groove 182 of the ratchet mechanism 18. Engaged in the locked state with the locking member 181 of the ratchet mechanism 18 through the disc. match. As a result, the slide valve 15 is moved by the compression spring 160a, and its termination It is fixed in this position by the ratchet mechanism 18.

As a result, the opened passage passes through the opening 134 and connects the high pressure chamber 130 and the low pressure chamber 14. The piston 131 is formed between the pressure tank 1 or the head to equalize the hydrostatic pressure. The weight of the part and the falling pressure in the hyperbaric chamber 130 causes the return to return to the starting position. Start stroke. During the opening of the return stroke, the retaining plate 132 The sleeve 195 that is always fitted on the bolt 190 and the spring bolt 161 During this time, the cam disc 191 engages the ratchet mechanism. 18 and at the same time compression spring 160b is tensioned. This is it As a result, the low position fixation of the slide valve 15 is released, and the surrounding environment is released through the openings 150 and 133. and the hyperbaric chamber 130 is re-established, thereby repeating the cycle. be done.

Compression springs 160a and 160b are preferably designed as bellows springs. . As already explained, the spring of the helical spring mechanism 17 is a tension spring. It is 171.

The first piston 131 is shown in FIG. 10 and in detail for example in FIG. 12a. It is fixed to the second piston 21 of the auxiliary pump device 2 via the piston rod. This is clearly shown in Figures 11a and llb. In Figure 11a Both pistons 131 and 21 are shown in their starting positions. First pi When the piston 131 moves, the second piston 21 of the auxiliary pump device 2 moves, to the collector pipe connected to the lower end of the second piston 21 via the collector pipe adapter 33. Operate. This is the locking ring 20 at the bottom of the cylinder 20 of the auxiliary pump. 1 and slides over the control bolt 24 attached to the harvester tube 30 or the harvester tube Prevents the adapter from rotating on the auxiliary pump piston 21. auxiliary pump In the cylinder 20, a sampler is opened during descent and drains water under hydrostatic pressure into the annular space. A three-way valve 22 is installed to allow the water to flow into the tank 202. This annular space 202 is At the starting position of the auxiliary pump piston 21 when the torikiki yuzu is placed on the bottom, The plain bearing 200 of the auxiliary pump piston and the inside of the wall of the auxiliary pump cylinder 20 It is formed between the sliding bearing 211 on the side, and at the same time it is formed between the piston 13 It is opened for an operating stroke of 2. The auxiliary pump piston 21 is located downward. At the same time, the inlet opening of the three-way valve 22 is closed. Instead, the ring There is contact between the shaped space 202 and the outlet opening of the three-way valve connected to the flexible hose 23. Continued. An auxiliary pump piston 21 directs water from the annular space to the collector tube adapter. The flexible hose 23 is connected to the inlet opening of the filter 33.

The inlet opening of the collector tube adapter 33 is connected to one or more water jets on the side of the collector tube. It is connected to the conduit 35. The purpose of this water injection conduit is to connect the sampler pipe 30 to the sediment tank. The purpose is to reduce friction and provide fluid lubrication during driving.

During the falling stroke, i.e. the return movement of the piston 131, the auxiliary pump cylinder 20, and therefore the head 1, butt against the extractor tube swallower 33, and the auxiliary pump The piston 21 returns to the starting position and the water enters the opening at the top of the auxiliary pump cylinder 20. The annular space 202 is pushed out through the opening 203, while being re-formed during the return movement. is connected to the environment via a three-way valve 22 and is again filled with water under hydrostatic pressure, After this, the cycle repeats.

The operation of the hydrostatic sampler according to the invention will be described with respect to FIGS. 15-18. . In fact, the procedure used differs substantially from that used in gravity harvesters. No. In FIG. 15, the sampling device 1 is, for example, in a state of descending from the exploration vessel. It is shown. The head or pressure tank l is attached to the descent line and the sampling The machine part 3 is provided with a tip for mounting a support leg 6, which is attached to the harvester tube 3. It is shown near 0. The opening line 60 of the support leg is a slack arc around the harvester. It is shown hanging in a shape. For example, inside these safety bars shown in Figure 11b The sampler according to the invention has an inclination sensor that detects the true inclination of the sampler with respect to the seabed. underwater acoustic waves that measure the distance to the seabed and depth of penetration, and transmit slope information. It is equipped with completely different instruments consisting of detection equipment. These devices are explained in detail For example, a modulated sound wave oscillator, known per se, can reach the ocean floor. indicates the distance of , carried into position by the release line 60, the support leg slides along the harvester tube, FIG. 6, it hits the head 31 of the harvester. The slope shown is All are compensated by the cotton 60, so that the harvester tube is positioned approximately vertically. place Either the desired driving depth is achieved or the hydrostatic energy potential is zero. The drive operation continues in alternating stroke cycles until the This is, as mentioned above, It depends on the ratio of the volume of the low pressure chamber to the volume of the high pressure chamber, but approximately 200 strokes are applied to -H. Accompany. Once the sample collection is complete, the sampler and sampler tube containing the core sample are lifted out. The pressure in the high pressure chamber 130 and the low pressure chamber 14 is raised to the sea level by the wire. is the same and corresponds to the hydrostatic pressure of one surrounding. The core sample and sampler tube are withdrawn. During lifting, the perforations are refilled with water to prevent the creation of a vacuum during lifting.

During lifting, the pressure tank is decompressed by the pressure relief valve 10.

In a general and preferred embodiment, the hydrostatic sampler of the present invention includes a sampler tube that is , the weight is approximately 550 kg. The sampling machine works at depths of 200 to 6000 m. is constructed to withstand the pressures prevailing at such depths. must be designed.

Although it depends on the water depth, the number of strokes is approximately 200 with a stroke length of approximately 350 mm. be. Depending on the nature of the precipitate, possible penetrations can reach up to 30 m, which This means that the sample length is 30m, and when the core sample is loaded, , which also means that special precautions must be taken on the mother ship. used The number of strokes varies, for example, in the range of 0.6 to 3 Hz. That is, the actual sampling operation The operation takes place over a period of several minutes or less. The number of strokes is determined by the inlet valve 111. The extremely high stroke rate handles severe dynamic loads on the piston. This adjustment is usually necessary since the At a depth of about 6000m In order to work, the multiple ( It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that there are structural requirements. example For example, it is important to size conduits and valves to prevent flow friction losses. , there are of course special requirements regarding corrosion resistance, and this is due to the correct corrosion resistance and pressure resistance. This can be achieved by selecting materials.

To record the impact sound, the operation of the sampler is connected to an amplifier on board the mother ship. This can be monitored using an underwater articulator.

If the sampler is to be used with particularly hard sediments, the sampler head may be fitted with a rotating drill chute. It can be designed as a file. In this case, the rotational movement can be achieved with suitable equipment, e.g. by converting impact energy into rotational motion, and by known, conventional methods. It is carried out in The rotary movement may also be performed directly by a separate hydrostatic motor. will be possible.

As for the harvester tube itself, the tube is designed in a manner known per se, e.g. It consists of several parts with a length of 3m. Each section of the extractor tube is Connected by an adapter 36 in the tube section that makes a fluid connection between the water injection conduits inside the It will be done. The harvester tube also has the ability to grip the core and move it upwardly within the section of tube during driving. A core retainer 32 is provided which is pressed into place.

Although the above description shows examples of preferred embodiments of the harvester according to the invention, It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other advantageous variations are possible within the scope of the invention. It would be obvious at home.

Special table Hei 6-506996 (12) Fig, 8° Special table 16-506996 (j3) Nefu Seisho's number J Anshaku Shinj Koreshu On October 26, 1993,

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A machine that operates at great depths, the machine having at least one any implement of known and original type (1); at least one hydraulic motor (2) modified so as to be able to operate with the amount of water in the environment; at least one low pressure tank (3); at least one inlet valve (4); The hydrostatic pressure of the surrounding water volume filters the water. through the filter (5) and the valve (4), then via a pipe or hose connection to the motor (2) and then via the corresponding pipe or hose connection to the low-pressure tank (3). and the motor (2) has no flow through it to the maximum extent possible according to the original prior art. The pressure energy of the fluid used by the working implement (1) (Figs. 1 to 9) The said machine is characterized in that it converts into -. 2. The low pressure tank (3) is substantially free of gases other than water vapor, and the pressure in the low pressure tank increases from the time the tank is empty of water until the tank is completely filled with water supplied from the environment. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it is approximately limited to water vapor pressure at the relevant temperature during the entire working period. 3. The known original valve arrangement (13a, 13b, 14a, 14b) alternately connect one or more cylinder volumes (120a, 120b) to the ambient water volume and to the low pressure chamber (11), respectively. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a tightening and pulsating movement is distributed between the piston (15) and the piston rod (16). 4. The piston (15) and piston rod (16) form a second cylinder (22). The second cylinder (22) connects to and has the same central axis as the first cylinder (12), and the second cylinder (22) Together with the two pistons (21), it is equipped with a non-return valve known per se. 4. Machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the second cylinder acts as a shaft pump in this way. 5. 4. A device according to claim 4, characterized in that the medium discharged from the axial pump (20) is the surrounding liquid, and said pump operates as an open device that "consumes" the surrounding liquid. machine. 6. In order to equalize the flow of liquid through the filter (5), a throttle valve (18) and an accumulator (19) are provided between the valves (4) and (13a, 13b). 6. A machine according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: 7. The medium discharged from the shaft pump (20) is sent to a closed device which minimally includes the shaft pump (20), the hydraulic motor (31) and the associated hose and valve connections. 5. The machine according to claim 4, characterized in that it is a hydraulic oil of the market in which the oil is sold. 8. Said closed hydraulic system includes at least one accumulator (32) and an axial port. Machine according to claim 7, characterized in that it also includes at least one pressure regulating valve (33) for equalizing the supply pressure from the pump (20). 9. A low pressure chamber (11) is releasably connected to an additional low pressure tank (3) via a hose or pipe connection, said low pressure chamber (11) being in direct connection with an accumulator (40), said low pressure chamber (11) being in direct connection with an accumulator (40), said low pressure The pressure difference between the chamber (11) and the low pressure tank (3) is Machine according to claim 3, characterized in that it is controlled by a force differential limiting well (41). 10. A high-pressure cylinder (12) is located with its longitudinal axis approximately perpendicular to the seabed, and the piston The piston rod (16) is firmly connected to the percussion device (17), which has approximately the same longitudinal axis as the piston rod (16), and the low pressure chamber (120b) has a permanently open fluid connection with the low pressure chamber (11) and the outside. the upper chamber (120b) is arranged in such a way that only the upper chamber (120b) carries out the action of the axial motor, and the valve (13a) is closed on the first stroke. When the valve (14a) is closed, it imparts a downwardly directed movement to the piston (15) and a first downwardly directed pulse to the percussion device (17). The cylinder (12) together with the low pressure chamber (11) is simultaneously given an upwardly directed recoil movement, and in the next stroke the valve (14a) is opened and the valve (13a) is closed. and imparts a falling motion to the low pressure chamber (11) and the high pressure cylinder (12) ending with the next downward directed pulse to the percussion device (17), after which the first stroke is repeated and the low pressure tank (11, 3 4. A machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the condition continues until either the inlet valve (4) is filled or the inlet valve (4) is closed. 11. The impact device (17) is in the form of an impact drill, and the downwardly directed pulsation is Machine according to claim 10, characterized in that it is partially converted into a rotary movement by a mechanical device (170) known per se. 12. The percussion device (17) is in the form of a percussion drill, and the axial pump (20) operates a hydraulic rotary engine (50) which provides rotational movement to the percussion device (17). The machine according to claims 4 and 10, characterized in that it is used to Machine. 13. Said impactor (17) forms the head of a sampler tube (60) consisting of one or more sampler tube sections (61) arranged for collecting samples of seabed sediments. Machine according to claims 10 to 12, characterized in that: 14. When the anchor is driven into the seabed it presents a small resistance, but since the arm (71) is not folded, the anchor chain attached to the head of the low pressure chamber (11), for example, Said impactor (17) is detached from several arms hinged near the head (17) so as to present a strong resistance when attempting to pull up the anchor by means of the anchor (72). 11. Machine according to claim 10, characterized in that it forms the head of an anchor (70) constructed in a manner known per se. 15. The percussion device (17) is in the form of a screw with a relatively large thread, so that the percussion device (17) is connected to the machine, for example in an anchor chain. The screw is placed in the sea so that it anchors all vessels connected to it by the The machine according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that it is fixed to the bottom. Machine. 16. Hydraulic motor driven by fluid from one of the pumps (2a) or (20) Machine according to claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the motor (80) is used for moving a vehicle (100) on the seabed. 17. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one motor (2) is a water turbine mounted directly on the low pressure tank (3). 18. A claim characterized in that at least one motor (2) drives a generator. The machine described in item 1 of the scope of the request. 19. The generator has a relatively smaller energy capacity than the machine of the invention. The device according to claim 18, characterized in that it charges a pneumatic accumulator. Machine. 20. If the motor driving the generator is powered by oil controlled by an interval switch, for example 20. Machine according to claim 19, characterized in that it is driven by a fluid which is delivered in a manner known per se by means of a pressure valve for short periods at relatively long time intervals. 21. A hydrostatic pressure sampling machine especially for core samples of marine sediments, in which the sampling machine has a cylindrical head (1) and a substantially cylindrical sampling machine whose longitudinal axis passes approximately through the center of gravity of said head (1). portion (3), wherein said harvester portion comprises at least one portion of a harvester tube. The extractor tube (30) comprises: the head (1) constitutes a pressure tank consisting of at least one tank section, the pressure tank (1) being connected to a low pressure chamber (14); It comprises a high-pressure cylinder (13) having a high-pressure chamber (130) formed in or directly connected to a low-pressure chamber (14), said high-pressure chamber (130) having an inlet opening (133). The first piston (131) is connected to the outside of the pressure tank through another opening (134), and the low pressure chamber (14) is connected to the high pressure chamber (130) through another opening (134). ) is installed in the direction along the vertical axis of the sampler section (3) and the sampler tube (30). , the stroke motion generated by the action of the hydrostatic pressure of the first piston (131) is performed. during which the piston (131) moves from the starting position to the final position in the high pressure chamber (130), after which the weight of the head (1) forces the head (1) and Hydrostatic sampler (Figs. 10 to 18), characterized in that during the downward movement of the auxiliary pump cylinder (20) it returns to the starting position and thereby impinges on the sampler part (3). 22. A supplement consisting of an auxiliary pump cylinder (20) with a second piston (21) An auxiliary pump device (2) is installed, the auxiliary pump cylinder (20) being firmly connected to the head (1) and having the same central longitudinal axis as the head (1) and the extractor tube (30). Hydrostatic sampling machine according to claim 21, characterized in that the first piston (131) is firmly connected to the second piston (21) and the sampling part (3) (Fig. 0-18). 23. A high-pressure cylinder (13) located outside the upper part of the extractor is surrounded by a sleeve-like valve (15) movable around this part and is connected to the high-pressure chamber (13) via an inlet opening (133). 130) and the surroundings and, via the additional opening (134), between the high pressure chamber (130) and the low pressure chamber (14); An additional opening (134) is provided in the upper part of the cylinder (13) of the first piston (131) to form a fluid passage between the chamber (14) and the chamber (14). 23. Hydrostatic pressure sampling machine according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that it consists of at least one outlet opening. 24. The inlet opening (133) is in fluid passage with the high pressure chamber (130) via a first flexible hose connected to the inlet opening (150) of the slide valve (15); ) is at least one of the upper parts of the cylinder (13) 24. Hydrostatic pressure sampling machine according to claim 23, characterized in that fluid communication is possible with the inlet opening (133) of the. 25. Two sets of spring mechanisms (16) are provided around one or more spring bolts (161) slidingly disposed parallel to the central longitudinal axis, the first set of spring mechanisms (16) being slidingly disposed parallel to the central longitudinal axis. Always connect the disc (151) of the valve (15) and the spring bolt (161). The second set of spring mechanisms (16) includes a spring extending between the disk (151) and the locating disk (132) at the lower end of the first piston (131). ), and when the first piston (131) reaches its lower end position, the retaining disc (132) abuts against the retaining disc at the lower end of the spring bolt (161), which causes the spring mechanism to The first set of is pulled, while the first set of When the ton (131) reaches its upper position, the positioning disc (132) pulls the first set of spring mechanisms, and when the first piston (131) is near its final position, the disc (151) and the slide valve (15) is due to the spring load directed to the same final position. 24. A hydrostatic pressure sampling machine according to claim 23, characterized in that it is affected by 26. A spring mechanism (17) connects both sides of the disc (136) constantly connected to the high pressure chamber (130). the spring (170) of the spring mechanism (17) between the disc (136) and the fixed tip of the camshaft (190); The camshaft (190) freely passes through the disk (136) and is slidably disposed on the axis parallel to the central longitudinal axis, and the cam disk (191) is rigidly connected to the camshaft. 24. The hydrostatic pressure sampling machine according to claim 23, wherein the hydrostatic pressure sampling machine is connected to a hydrostatic pressure sampling machine. 27. A ratchet mechanism (18) is fitted which is arranged to lock the slide valve (15) on the shaft when the slide valve (15) is in its upper or lower end position, the ratchet mechanism (18) towards the lock position of the cam disc (191) When the cam disk (191) is placed in the groove (182) of the ratchet mechanism (18) under the spring load, the ratchet mechanism (18) is in its locked position and the cam disk (191) corresponding to the groove (182) This position of 191) also corresponds to the neutral position of the spring mechanism (17) in relation to the axial movement of the camshaft (190), so that the cam disc (191) is pushed downwards or upwards out of the groove (182). 27. Hydrostatic pressure extractor according to claim 26, characterized in that when the ratchet mechanism (18) is pushed out of the camshaft and out of the locked position. 28. The camshaft (190) passes through a retaining plate (132) that is always connected to the lower end of the first piston (131), and when the piston reaches its lower end position. When it hits a disc, nut, etc. that is firmly connected to the bottom end of the camshaft. When the first piston (131) reaches its upper final position, the retaining plate engages the camshaft. Discs, sleeves (195), cross-sectional extensions, etc. that are rigidly connected to the shaft on the shaft. The first piston is characterized in that, upon reaching the end position and thus close to the desired final position, the first piston pushes the camshaft (190) out of its neutral position with the cam disk (191) and opens the ratchet mechanism (18). A hydrostatic pressure sampling machine according to claim 27. 29. A lining in which the volume of the first piston (131) is formed in the high pressure chamber (130) 22. Hydrostatic pressure extractor according to claim 21, characterized in that the first piston is given correspondingly reduced dimensions. 30. 22. Hydrostatic pressure sampling machine according to claim 21, characterized in that a pressure safety valve (10) is provided between the low pressure chamber (14) and the head (1). 31. The auxiliary pump cylinder (20) is equipped at least at one end with a three-way valve (22), the annular shape formed on the auxiliary pump cylinder on the side of the second piston (21) in which the three-way valve (22) is arranged. The three-way valve (22) forms a fluid passage between the outside of the space (202), and when the second piston (21) produces a suction action on the annular space (202), the three-way valve almost directly connects with the outside. However, when the annular space (202) is compressed by the second piston (21), this almost direct connection becomes The connection is opened by the second flexible hose (23) to the water injection conduit (35). A water injection conduit (35) is provided to lubricate the fluid flow within the sampler tube (30) when the sampler tube (30) is pulled up, or to provide a water injection for the perforation. The hydrostatic pressure sampling machine according to claim 22, characterized in that: 32. A three-way valve (22) is located at each end of the auxiliary pump cylinder (20), which allows The invention is characterized in that, even when the second piston (21) moves upward or downward, the second piston (21) injects water into at least one water injection conduit (35). The hydrostatic pressure sampling machine according to item 31. 33. A three-way valve (22) is present at only one end of the auxiliary pump cylinder (20) and a pressure equalization opening (203) is provided at the opposite end of the auxiliary pump cylinder (20) in association with the three-way valve (22). The hydrostatic pressure sampling machine according to claim 31, characterized in that: 34. A piston rod, which rigidly connects the second piston (21) to the sampler part (3), is introduced into the lining of the lower end of the auxiliary pump cylinder (20) and connects the sampler part (3) and the head (1). In order to absorb the moments that occur during In connection with the deployment and modification of hydrostatic samplers at sea, the piston rods are dimensioned so that these moments are transferred from the piston rod to the auxiliary pump cylinder. (20), which causes the part of the piston rod connecting the second piston (21) to the first piston (131) to undergo a moment-induced adjustment. 23. The hydrostatic pressure sampling machine according to claim 22, wherein the hydrostatic pressure sampling machine is subjected to only severe stress. 35. The auxiliary pump cylinder (20) has a collector tube (30) locked against rotation. A guide rod (24) is provided passing through the harvester tube adapter (33) in order to connect the harvester tube (30) to the second piston (21). 35. The hydrostatic pressure sampling machine according to claim 34, wherein the hydrostatic pressure sampling machine is connected to a hydrostatic pressure sampling machine. 36. A fluid passageway is formed between the flexible hose (23) and the water injection conduit (35). 36. A hydrostatic sampler as claimed in claim 35, characterized in that the sampler tube adapter is provided with an inlet opening in order to achieve this. 37. The additional section of the harvester tube (30) is interconnected with a partial adapter (36) of each harvester tube, and between the water injection conduit (35) and the additional section of the collector tube (30). Said adapter (36) may have an inlet opening to form a fluid passageway. The hydrostatic pressure sampling machine according to claim 36, characterized in that: 38. The collector part (3) is arranged in a manner known per se with the collector tube (30). the head (1) on the one hand and the first piston (131) or the first piston on the other hand. Claims characterized in that the second piston (131) and the second piston (21) undergo a combined impulse and rotational movement generated by an axial movement between the piston and another component rigidly connected to the second piston (21). A hydrostatic pressure sampling machine according to items 1 to 37. 39. The pumping action by the auxiliary pump cylinder (20) is used in a manner known per se and is driven by water delivered from the auxiliary pump cylinder (20) or by pumping in and out of the auxiliary pump cylinder in a closed hydraulic system. One or more rotational movements are achieved by a hydraulic rotary engine driven by a suitable hydraulic fluid in addition to the Hydrostatic sampling according to claim 22, characterized in that the Take machine. 40. A low pressure chamber (14) is mounted separately, e.g. placed on the seabed beside the harvester. and a hose connection with an additional low pressure tank, said low pressure chamber acting as a buffer between the high pressure chamber (130) and the additional low pressure tank, thereby improving the functionality of the hydrostatic pressure sampling machine. 22. A hydrostatic pressure extractor as claimed in claim 21, characterized in that the connection is arranged to increase the force. 41. A spring motor that attempts to move the valve arm (110) to its upper position with respect to the valve. When the valve arm (110) is in its lower position, overcoming the A weight is attached by a wire to the outer end of the valve arm (110), so that said weight closes the valve (11) and closes the valve (11) until it hits the seabed during the descent of the harvester. and the head (1) approximately corresponds to the length of the distance between the valve arm (110) and the weight, the hydrostatic pressure sampling machine automatically starts an impulsive movement. The hydrostatic pressure sampling machine according to paragraphs 1 to 40. 42. The valve arm (110) is freely movable axially approximately parallel to the harvester tube (3). the upper end of the valve arm (110) is connected to a rod mounted on the valve arm (110) such that an upwardly directed movement of said rod causes a downwardly directed closing movement of the valve arm (110); the rod is connected to the valve arm (110) via a rocker arm, pulley block, etc., the lower end of the rod extends below the harvester tube adapter and has a cross-sectional extension at its lower end; The weight of said rod is insufficient to open the valve and said rod or rocker arm is It is equipped with a blocking mechanism that closes the valve (11) when the valve (11) is moved to the Hydrostatic pressure according to claim 41, characterized in that the lower end of the rod is pushed upwardly relative to the head by the sediment on the seabed, and the entire harvester tube (30) is pushed substantially into the sediment. Collection machine. 43. A rod or weight has its lower end below the harvester tube (33) and further a rocker arm is hinged on an axis parallel to the central central axis and The head (1) is located directly below the tip of the shaft that abuts the extractor part (3) at a considerable distance from the retaining plate (132) at the lower end of the first piston (131). When the rod or weight hits the seabed and is pulled up against the head (1), it will pivot towards the head (1) and the harvester part (3) without reaching the upper end position. Claim 28, characterized in that the rocker arm is arranged in a manner known per se so as to abut the rock rod, thereby preventing the ratchet mechanism (18) from opening against the slide valve (15). Hydrostatic pressure sampling machine as described in Section. 44. A high-pressure hose connects the valve (11) directly or indirectly to the fluid compressor, so that if the circumference of the head (1) is insufficient to operate the extractor, the The fluid supply from the compressor eliminates the flow from the surrounding environment under operating conditions. 44. The hydrostatic pressure sampling machine according to claims 1 to 43, characterized in that the hydrostatic pressure sampling machine replaces a body.