JPH06502475A - automotive gear box - Google Patents

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/SE91/00740 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 2, 1993 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 2, 1993 PCT Filed Nov. 1, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO92/08067 PCT Pub. Date May 14, 1992.Power shift motor vehicle gearbox with an input shaft (1), two counter-shafts (2, 3) and a central synchronizer (30). The input shaft has a gear wheel (5) in engagement with a gear wheel (6) freely rotatably mounted on one counter-shaft (2) and lockable by a friction clutch (7) to the shaft. The gear wheels form a pair for driving the counter-shaft. The input shaft also has a freely rotatably mounted gear wheel (8) which can be locked by a friction clutch (10) to the shaft. The gear wheel (8) engages a gear wheel (9) on the other counter-shaft (3) for driving the same when the clutch is engaged.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention comprises an input shaft, a pair of intermediate shafts, an output shaft, an input shaft, an intermediate shaft, and an output shaft. A gear box for an automobile containing a shaft and a gear shaft interlocking with each other by forming an enclosure above an intermediate shaft. Regarding each gear shaft, one gear is rotatably mounted on each enclosure of the gear shaft. and can be fixed on the shaft by a biting means, and the gear shaft to be interlocked can be fixed on the shaft. The clutch means for fixing on the input shaft and intermediate shaft are friction clutches, The intermediate shaft is aligned with synchronizing means independent of the clutch means and By means of the switching means, the individual intermediate shafts are aligned with the engine speed determined by the selected gears. It can be accelerated to speed.

On the one hand, a double intermediate shaft is used in a gear box with a predetermined gear box length; than is practical in traditional gearbox designs with a single intermediate shaft. It is desired to obtain a high gear ratio, and on the other hand, it is desired to obtain a high gear ratio. In a gear box with double clutches, each clutch is It is linked to the inter-axis. In such a gear box, the gear speed is preselected and Then, disengage one clutch and engage the other clutch.

In order to design a compact gear box for a power shift type with a large gear ratio, various types of Methods are known.

Published by 5E870051113-1 corresponding to US-A-4,876,907 The known type uses two concentric input shafts, which are directly connected outside the gear box. The individual insides are engaged alternately with the help of a pair of multi-disc clutches arranged in a row. It drives the intermediate shaft. Synchronization is with the help of a central synchronization clutch on one + intershaft It will be done.

Another type of gearbox uses a double intermediate shaft, such as GB- A-2,11 (known from No. 1,324), in which a single human-powered shaft can be used simultaneously with two gear shafts. These gear shafts drive individual gears arranged inside the housing on each intermediate shaft. The drive train is connected to the shaft via each clutch, and the drive train is connected to the drive train via the intermediate shaft. Can be set between the force axis and the output axis. Synchronization is done with the help of a two-part synchronizer. In this type, the device consists of a synchronizing clutch on one of the intermediate shafts. be done. In this gear box, from the input shaft via the intermediate shaft at all gear ratios. Torque is transmitted to the output shaft. The gear box thus has no direct drive gear ratio. .

The object of the invention is to provide a gear box of the kind described in the introduction, which gear box The box has many of the advantages of known gear boxes as mentioned above, while at the same time certain disadvantages, such as Placing the clutches in series outside the gear box when compared to each other inside the housing Due to the excessive length, the lack of direct drive gears has been eliminated.

This is achieved based on the invention due to the following facts: The shaft has a gear shaft rotatably mounted thereon, the gear shaft corresponding to one of the intermediate shafts. A gear shaft is engaged with the gear shaft, and the gear shaft is engaged with one hand of the friction clutch on the other hand. It is connected to the output shaft by one of the stages. The gear box according to the present invention has a single manual shaft Using friction clutches arranged in housings on individual shafts, the gearbox generally Provides easy installation of input shaft and short transmission length. between these clutches by providing one of the intermediate shafts instead of the shaft as well as on the input shaft, and also against the output shaft with the help of a common biting sleeve and also on one of the friction clutches. By installing a gear shaft that can be fixed against the input shaft with help, the best Both direct drive at gear speed and best power transmission to the gears are obtained. Ru.

The invention will be explained in further detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, here, Figures 1 and 2 are two diagrams schematically showing gear boxes with gear trains of various gear ratios. These are two independent figures.

In Figure 1, 1 is the input shaft, 2 is the first intermediate shaft, 3 is the second intermediate shaft, and 4 is the output shaft. It is. The input shaft 1 has a third gear shaft 5 firmly connected to said shaft, said gear The shaft 5 engages the gear shaft 6 with the first intermediate shaft 2. Gear shaft 6 rotates on its shaft 2 It can be freely mounted on the shaft and can be fixed to the shaft with the help of the friction clutch 7. The clutch 7 is preferably a multi-plate wet clutch. The input shaft 1 also has a second rotational axis. A gear Ha8 is mounted on the gear shaft, and the gear shaft is non-rotatably fixed to another intermediate shaft. Teeth mesh with Export 9. The gear shaft 8 has a second friction clutch, preferably a multi-plate wet clutch. It can be fixed to the shaft 1 with the help of a friction clutch 10.

The gear shafts 5 and 6 and the gear shafts 8 and 9 are gears that drive respective intermediate shafts. In this case, either one of the gear shafts 6 or 8 is To be released. By applying engagement and release λ to the individual clutches 7.10 Intermediate shafts 2, 3 are alternately driven by input shaft 1.

A reversing gear shaft 11 is rotatably mounted on the first intermediate shaft 2 and can be displaced in the axial direction. It can be fixed to the shaft by means of a sleeve 12 which is fitted into the shaft. The shaft is on the other intermediate shaft 3 A figure 7 shape is provided so that it can be engaged with the gear shaft 9. Intermediate shaft 2 has two additional The gear shaft is rotatably mounted on the shaft with additional gears 13,14. gear shaft 13 can be fixed to the shaft 2 by means of a biting sleeve 12, and the gear shaft 14 can be fixed to the shaft 2 by means of an additional It can be fixed to the shaft by means of a bite sleeve 15. Gear of output shaft 4 of gear shaft 13 The gear shaft 14 meshes with the gear shaft 17 of the output shaft 4. Gear shaft 16 can be fixed to the shaft 4 using a biting sleeve 18, and the gear shaft 17 is non-rotatable to the shaft. fixed in a rotatable manner. A pair of gear shafts 21 and 22, each rotatably mounted can be fixed with bite sleeves 19 and 20, but the gear shaft 16 of the output shaft ．． It meshes with 17. Finally, the first intermediate shaft 2 is a gear shaft non-rotatably connected to the shaft. 23, and the gear shaft 23 meshes with a gear shaft 24 rotatably mounted on the output shaft 4. The gear shaft 24 can be fixed to the shaft by a biting sleeve 25. .

Using the described shaft and gear shaft combination, there are 6 gear ratios in the forward direction and 1 gear ratio in the reverse direction. available. (These axes are 7 in order to enable meshing between the gear axes 9 and 11. arranged in a letterform. ) mounted non-rotatably but axially displaceably on the output shaft; As a result, such a structure can be used to fix the gear shaft 8 to the output shaft. With the sleeve 18, a seventh direct gear ratio can be obtained, This will be explained below.

All bite sleeves 12, 15° 18, 19, 20 and and 25 do not have a conventional specific synchronizing device and are equipped with axially displaceable splices. You can also cut the sleeve to make it stand up. Sleeve 12 is in the forward fixed position Hold “a” and fix the gear shaft 11 at this position, and also fix it at the rear! , b” is there Here, the gear shaft 13 is fixed.

Sleeve 18 has corresponding anterior and posterior fixation positions, "a" and "b"; In these positions, the sleeve secures the gear shafts 8 and 16, respectively, relative to the output shaft. Set. Other bite sleeves have only one fixed value as shown! have.

The actual synchronization is performed using the central synchronizer with instruction number 30. , the functional principle of the device is described in 5E-A8700583-1 (US-A4 ．． Corresponds to 876 and 907. ) is known. The synchronization device 30 has two It has gear rings 32 and 33 and is rotatably mounted on a sleeve 34 arranged concentrically with the input shaft 1. It has a running wheel 31 that is placed on the vehicle. One gear ring 32 of the running wheel 31 is not connected to the first intermediate shaft 2. It meshes with a rotatably fixed drive wheel 35. Each of the gear rings 32 and 33 is In addition, specific gear rings 36 and 37 rotatably mounted on the second intermediate shaft 3 are each are interlocked. The gear shafts 36 and 37 are connected to a conical clutch 38 interposed between the gear shafts 36 and 37. The stages can be fixed alternately to the shaft 3, and the friction surfaces 39, 40 of the means are geared They are configured to engage respective conical friction surfaces 41, 42 on the shaft.

Figure 1 shows the transmission of the first, second, third and fourth gear speeds from the input shaft to the output shaft. The reaching torque transmission train is shown while the fifth, sixth, and seventh gear speeds are The torque transmission train for the . Center position with both clutches 7.10 released! Starting from, the first tooth To correct the meshing of the gears, place the meshing sleeve 12 in the fixed position "b" and Each fixed value of the meshing sleeve 25.19! All you have to do is shift it to .

To actually engage the first gear speed, engage the clutch 10. done by. Here, the torque is expressed by the gear transport body 8, as shown by the solid line I in FIG. 9 and the three gear shafts 21, 16 and 13, and finally the gear transport bodies 23, 24. The signal is then transmitted to the output shaft 4. Two for torque transmission via intermediate gear shaft 16 This utilizes a shaft interposed between the two, which allows an exceptionally large gear ratio to can be obtained.

To shift to second gear speed, release clutch 10 and engage clutch 7. let This transition operation does not require a synchronization operation, and it will depend on the new engagement. This is because there is no need for a biting sleeve. At second gear speed When driving, the torque is transmitted via the gear pairs 5, 6 and 23.24.

In the third gear, torque transmission takes place via the gear shaft 8, 9.21, which The gear shaft 13 must be released and the gear shaft 16 must be fixed to the output shaft. It means what it says. The meshing sleeve 18 is connected to the gear 11 in this way. 16 so that it can be moved to its fixed position "b", the gear shaft must be (Both must be accelerated to substantially the same r, p, and m as the output shaft 4. . This causes the clutch surface 38 to mesh with the friction surface 40 of the gear shaft 37, This is done with the help of a central synchronizer 30. As a result, the rotating shaft with intermediate shaft 3 The gear shaft 21 accelerates the gear shaft 16 to the rotational speed of the output shaft or Or the rotational speed may be accelerated to a point where the rotational speed of the output shaft is sacrificed. ing. The gear shaft 16 can now be fixed by means of a biting sleeve 18 and then , this transition itself is accomplished by disengaging clutch 7 and engaging clutch 10. be done.

At the fourth gear speed, the torque is passed through gear wheels 5, 6, 13 and gear 6. This means that when the gear speed moves from the third gear to the fourth gear, the biting The biting sleeve 25 is first released and the biting sleeve 12 is placed on the gear shaft 1. 3 to the intermediate shaft 2, it must be moved into its fixing position "b". It means.

In order to synchronize the rotational speed of the intermediate shaft 2 with the rotational speed of the gear 13, a crank is used. The cone 38 changes the speed of the intermediate shaft 2 through the gear ring 32 to the speed of the gear shaft 13. synchronizing gear ring 36 so as to accelerate to at least approximately the same speed as the moved to suit. After synchronizing and fixing the gear shaft 13, the clutch 10 is The actual transition is made by releasing and engaging the clutch 7.

From the fourth gear speed to the fifth gear speed and from the fifth gear speed to the sixth gear speed. The transition to gear speed is via the synchronization gear ring 36.37, replacing the synchronization with the problem The gear shaft is fixed by the associated biting sleeve and in the same way as described above. This is accomplished by changing the meshing of the individual clutches 7 and 10 according to the method.

At the sixth gear speed, the clutch 7 engages and the torque is applied to the gear shafts 5, 6, . 14 and 17. The transition to the seventh gear speed (direct drive) is The synchronizing gear ring 37 is engaged, where the intermediate shaft 3 is rotated via the gear shaft 9. It accelerates to a speed close to that of the output shaft 4 at the very least. After that, the gear wheel 8 is engaged. Move the embedding sleeve 18 into the fixed position "a". Gear shaft 8 comes out here. A directly driven mesh fixed to the power shaft 4 releases the clutch 7 and engages the clutch 10. so that the input and output shafts 1 and 4 are connected to each other as one single unit. Fixed.

When reversed (see Figure 2), the torque is transferred via gear transport bodies 9, 11 and 23.24. communicated. Engagement is achieved by moving the engagement sleeve 25 to its fixed position. and moving the biting sleeve 12 to its fixed position "a"; The clutch 10 is then engaged. If the car stops moving, etc. To shake the moving vehicle, all you have to do is move between clutches 7 and 10. This allows movement between the reverse gear speed and the second gear speed.

international search report international search report PCT/SE　91100740

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. an input shaft, a pair of intermediate shafts, an output shaft, an input shaft and an intermediate shaft, and an output shaft and an intermediate shaft. A motor vehicle consisting of a housing containing symmetrically interlocking gear wheels on an interlocking shaft. at least one gear in each pair of interlocking gear wheels, It is rotatably mounted and can be fixed on the shaft by a biting means, and the interlocking The clutch means for fixing the gear wheels on the input shaft and the intermediate shaft is a friction clutch. and said intermediate shaft is aligned with synchronizing means independent of the clutch means. and the clutch means allows the individual intermediate shafts to move as determined by the selected gears. The input shaft (1) is capable of accelerating up to engine speed. a toothed wheel (8) rotatably mounted on one of the intermediate shafts (3); meshes with the toothed wheel (9) on the top of the friction clutch (10); by one of the input shafts, and by one of the other biting means ( 18) A gear box for an automobile, characterized in that it is related to an output shaft (4). 2. A running wheel (31) with two gear rings (32, 33) is concentrically connected to the input shaft (1). one gear of one intermediate shaft (2); The ring (35) and one gear ring (32) mesh, and the gear wheels (32, 33) ) is a unique rotatably mounted toothed wheel (36, 3) on the other intermediate shaft (3). 7), and the intermediate shaft transmits torque from one intermediate shaft to the other through the running wheel. It can be fixed on the shaft by means of a friction clutch (38) in order to transmit torque. The gear box according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3. The intermediate shaft (2) of each gear wheel (16) rotatably mounted on the output shaft (4) , 3) meshes with the upper gear wheels (13, 21), and also has a maximum distance between the input shaft and the output shaft. To provide a large gear ratio, the torque can be transmitted from one intermediate shaft to another. Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the gear box.