JPH06501061A - Method and apparatus for the formation of metal deposits by electric arc radiation - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for the formation of metal deposits by electric arc radiationInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06501061A JPH06501061A JP4509240A JP50924092A JPH06501061A JP H06501061 A JPH06501061 A JP H06501061A JP 4509240 A JP4509240 A JP 4509240A JP 50924092 A JP50924092 A JP 50924092A JP H06501061 A JPH06501061 A JP H06501061A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- carrier gas
- electric arc
- metal
- oxygen
- paragraph
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 4
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/131—Wire arc spraying
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるため要約のデータは記録されません。 (57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 電気アーク放射による金属の堆積 の形成のための方法及び装置 本発明は、本質的に窒素と酸素の混合物からなるキャリアガス流束とともに金属 粒子を電気アーク放射することによって、基板上に金属の堆積を形成するための 方法に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] Deposition of metals by electric arc radiation Method and apparatus for the formation of The present invention utilizes a metal carrier with a carrier gas flux consisting essentially of a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen. For forming metal deposits on a substrate by electric arcing particles Regarding the method.
１９２０年に発明された電気アーク放射は、アーク内に分散された微細金属粒子 を基板上に放射できるキャリアガスを使用する◎実際に用いられるキャリアガス は圧縮空気であう、典型的に得られる収率（基板上に現実に堆積された金属重量 と実際に消費された金属重量との間の比率）は、特に配管に防食堆積をつくるた めに、この技術でもつとも普通に使用される金属である亜鉛については５０〜５ ７％である。Invented in 1920, electric arc radiation uses fine metal particles dispersed within the arc. ◎Actually used carrier gas is the compressed air, typically obtained yield (the actual weight of metal deposited on the substrate) and the actual weight of metal consumed) is especially For zinc, which is one of the most commonly used metals in this technology, It is 7%.
出願人は、キャリアガスの熱力学的緒特性から、キャリアガスが収率値に重要な 役割を果たすことを確認した。したがって金Ｍ蒸発温度は、キャリアガスが大き な熱伝導率を有するならば、小径の金属粒子については急速に到達される。他方 では、アークと被覆すべき基板間の通過時に金属粒子上の酸化物の形成は発熱性 でちり、したがって放射すべき金属材料の過度な蒸発に導くことができる。これ らの確認事実に基いて、輩紮又はアルゴンのような純不活性ガスをキャリアガス として用いることが考えられた。これらの純不活江ガスは効果的に収率を増加す ることができるが、そのコストは、１５ｂ／時以上の１５０４／時を超えること もできる金属を実際に消費し、大量の金属堆積を行うのに非常に高価であり、ｉ ｉｉ葉による亜鉛の放射については有毒な煙を発生することが明らかになってい る。The applicant believes that the carrier gas is important for the yield value due to the thermodynamic properties of the carrier gas. I confirmed that I was fulfilling my role. Therefore, the gold M evaporation temperature is higher when the carrier gas is is quickly reached for small diameter metal particles. on the other hand In this case, the formation of oxides on the metal particles during the passage between the arc and the substrate to be coated is exothermic. Dust and thus can lead to excessive evaporation of the metallic material to be radiated. this Based on the confirmed facts of It was thought that it could be used as a These pure inactive gases can effectively increase the yield. However, the cost may exceed 1504/hour, which is more than 15b/hour. It actually consumes the metal that can be produced, is very expensive to perform large amounts of metal deposition, and is ii) It has been shown that the radiation of zinc from leaves produces toxic smoke. Ru.
本発明は、使用が容易で圧縮空気のように融通性があシ、運転コストがわずかで 、金属放射の収率を著しく改良できる上記した種類の方法を提供することである 。The invention is easy to use, as flexible as compressed air, and has a fraction of the operating cost. , it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of the above-mentioned type, which makes it possible to significantly improve the yield of metal radiation. .
このため不発明の一特徴によれば、キャリアガスはｌチと１０優との間の酸素、 典型的には２ｓと８チとの間の酸素を有し、残部が窒素である口重発明のさらに 特定の一特徴によれば、キャリアガスは吸着式又は浸透式空気分離装置によって 供給され、キャリアガス流量は、典型的には３５ｍ３’時であシ、１００ｍ５７ 時を超えることもできる。Therefore, according to one feature of the invention, the carrier gas contains between 1 and 100% oxygen; Further embodiments of the invention typically have between 2s and 8s of oxygen, with the balance being nitrogen. According to one particular feature, the carrier gas is removed by means of an adsorption or permeation air separation device. The carrier gas flow rate is typically 35 m3' and 100 m57 It can also transcend time.
本発明はまた、２本の金属線移送手段とキャリアガス導入第１通路をもった電気 アーク放射ピストルを有する、金属粒子の電気アーク放射にょシ基板上に金属の 堆積を形成するための装置において、出口がキャリアガス第１通路に接続される 吸着式又は浸透式空気分離装置を有することを％−微とする装置を他の目的とし ている。The present invention also provides an electric Electric arc radiation of metal particles with an arc radiation pistol on a metal substrate In the apparatus for forming the deposit, the outlet is connected to the carrier gas first passage. For other purposes, equipment with adsorption or permeation air separation equipment may be used. ing.
不発明の他の！＃徴及び利点は、例として示されているが何の限定もない一実施 態様について、添付の図面を参照しながら以下にされる記載から明らかになるで あろう。Other uninvented! #Features and advantages are given by way of example only and without limitation. The aspects will become clear from the description given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Probably.
唯一の図は、本発明による方法を用いる装置を略図的に示す。The only figure schematically shows an apparatus for using the method according to the invention.
唯一の図には、金属粒子２を電気アークで放射し、基板４上に金属の堆積３を形 成するためのピストル１が見うれる。ピストル１は、定゛まった断面の内側案内 部５．リール８，８′から繰出される２本の金属線７゜７′用の駆動手段６及び ２本の線７．７′忙反対の極性を与える手段を有する０移送手段６，６′によっ て移送され、案内部５によって案内される線７，７′は、電気アークをそこに形 成するピストル１の頚部区域９の方へ、互に一点に集まるように向っている。The only figure shows metal particles 2 being radiated with an electric arc to form a metal deposit 3 on a substrate 4. You can see Pistol 1 to accomplish this. Pistol 1 has an internal guide with a fixed cross section. Part 5. Drive means 6 and The two wires 7.7' are connected by zero transfer means 6,6' having means for providing opposite polarity. The wires 7, 7' guided by the guide 5 form an electric arc thereon. The two are directed towards the neck area 9 of the pistol 1, which is formed by the two guns, converging on each other.
ピストル１は、頚部区域９の上流に第１中央ガス流束を放出する第１ガス通路１ ０を有し、前記流束は、アークによって分散された金属粒子を運んでそれを基板 ４上に放射する。ピストル位さらに、アークの周〕に渦巻き区域をつくるように 頚部区域の下流で側面から接線方向に通じる第２ガス通路１１．１１’を有する ◎本発明によれば、第１ガス通路工０並びに第２ガス通路１１は、圧Ｉａ機１４ によって大気を供給される吸着式又は浸透式空気分離波＆１３の出口１２に接続 される。図示され九冥施例では、分離波＆１３は、１チと１（ｌとの間の、典型 的に一２チと８チとの間の、好ましくは３チと５％との間の酸素を含む不純窒素 を出口１２に放出する腹式浸透装置であシ、１５で排出される浸透物は、酸素富 化空気を構成する。The pistol 1 has a first gas passage 1 discharging a first central gas flux upstream of the neck region 9. 0, the flux carries the metal particles dispersed by the arc and transfers it to the substrate. 4 radiate on. In addition, a spiral area is created around the arc of the pistol. with a second gas passage 11.11' leading tangentially from the side downstream of the neck area; ◎According to the present invention, the first gas passageway 0 and the second gas passageway 11 are connected to the pressure Ia machine 14. Connected to outlet 12 of adsorption or permeation air separation wave &13 supplied with atmosphere by be done. In the illustrated example, the separation wave &13 is typically between 1ch and 1(l). impure nitrogen containing between 12% and 8% oxygen, preferably between 3% and 5% The permeate discharged at 15 is an oxygen-enriched permeate. Constitutes oxidized air.
製造コストがきわめて低い、窒素と低い／ぞ−センテージの酸素で構成されたガ ス状混合物を放出するこのような装置によシ、特に酸素の解離温度におけるこの ガス状混合物の熱伝導率のピークを波−少することに基いて、圧縮空気と比べて ほぼ５ｔｓの放射収率の改善が観測された。A gas made of nitrogen and low centage oxygen that has extremely low production costs. Such a device releases a gaseous mixture, especially at the dissociation temperature of oxygen. Based on the wave-less peak thermal conductivity of gaseous mixtures compared to compressed air. An improvement in radiation yield of approximately 5ts was observed.
例として、９７チの窒素と３−〇ａ＋素からなるガス状混合物、及び２０Ｑ／時 の質量の流れの放射によって、亜鉛の放射による防食堆積について、次の／署う メータ値か選ばれた。As an example, a gaseous mixture of 97 nitrogen and 3-0a+ elements and 20 Q/hour For anti-corrosion deposition by radiation of zinc by radiation of mass flow of Meter value was selected.
一第１通路：圧力ニ ４．５ｘｌＯ’ Ｐａ流量：２８ｍ５Ｚ時 一第２通路：圧力ニ２Ｘ１０’Ｐａ 流量’１３ｍ’／時 一電流強度１２００Ａ、電圧＝１８ｖ これらの条件では、亜鉛の放射収率は圧縮空気と比べて約６チ改善された。- First passage: Pressure: 4.5xlO' Pa Flow rate: 28m at 5Z 1.2nd passage: Pressure 2×10’Pa Flow rate '13m'/hour One current strength 1200A, voltage = 18v Under these conditions, the zinc radiation yield was improved by about 6 inches compared to compressed air.
本発明は、記された実施態様に限定されることなく、むしろ当業者に明らかな修 正及び変形を受け入れるものである。実際、電気アーク放射の利用は多様である （特に、ステンレス鋼での機械要素の再表面仕上げ、銅、アルミニウム、又は亜 鉛とアルミニウムの合金の放射による電磁干渉、又は無線周波数妨害に対するプ ラスチック箱の保護又は絶縁体への導体区域の形成）。The invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but rather with modifications obvious to those skilled in the art. It accepts both positive and negative changes. In fact, the uses of electric arc radiation are diverse. (In particular, resurfacing machine elements in stainless steel, copper, aluminum or zinc) Electromagnetic interference due to lead and aluminum alloy radiation or radio frequency interference protection of plastic boxes or formation of conductor areas on insulators).
本発明の方法によれば、分離波ｆｉｉ１３の大きさを定めることにヨッテ、７Ｘ １０５Ｐｍと１０ ｘ １０５ＦＩＬ （！： Ｏ関Ｋ 含まれる圧力で１００ ｍ５／時以上の、すなわち１５０ Ｋｇ／時以上の放射すべき金属消費量に適す る流量を得ることができる、。According to the method of the present invention, in determining the size of the separated wave fii13, the yacht, 7X 105Pm and 10 x 105FIL (!: O SekiK 100 at the included pressure Suitable for metal consumption to be emitted of more than m5/h, i.e. more than 150 Kg/h The flow rate can be obtained as follows.
フロントページの続き （７２）発明者 レミイ、フランソワ フランス国、エフ−９５３７０・モンテイニーーレーコルムイレ、リューグイー ドーモーパッサン、４ （７２）発明者 アルノー、ミシエル フランス国、エフ−６９００６・リヨン、アブニュ・ティニレ、１７５Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Remy, François France, F-95370 Montigny-les-Cormeilles, Ryuguy Dormaux Passant, 4 (72) Inventor: Arnaud, Michel 175 Abnu Tinire, F-69006 Lyon, France
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR91/05082 | 1991-04-25 | ||
| FR9105082A FR2675820B1 (en) | 1991-04-25 | 1991-04-25 | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR FORMING A METAL DEPOSITION BY ELECTRIC ARC SPRAYING. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06501061A true JPH06501061A (en) | 1994-01-27 |
Family
ID=9412224
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4509240A Pending JPH06501061A (en) | 1991-04-25 | 1992-04-21 | Method and apparatus for the formation of metal deposits by electric arc radiation |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06501061A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE1005861A3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4213422A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2675820B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1257698B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1992019784A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015063738A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-04-09 | 日本鋳鉄管株式会社 | Arc welding method and arc welding apparatus |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9712801D0 (en) * | 1997-06-19 | 1997-08-20 | Boc Group Plc | Improved plasma spraying |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1497398A (en) * | 1975-04-15 | 1978-01-12 | British Steel Corp | Arc-sprayed protective coatings |
| US4915906A (en) * | 1988-06-17 | 1990-04-10 | Canadian Patents And Development Limited/Societie Canadienne Des Brevets Et D'exploitation Limitee | Novel zinc-based alloys, preparation and use thereof for producing thermal-sprayed coatings having improved corrosion resistance and adherence |
| US4979679A (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1990-12-25 | Downs Ernest W | U.V. resistant zinc coated PVC or related plastic pipe |
| US4992337A (en) * | 1990-01-30 | 1991-02-12 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Electric arc spraying of reactive metals |
-
1991
- 1991-04-25 FR FR9105082A patent/FR2675820B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-04-21 JP JP4509240A patent/JPH06501061A/en active Pending
- 1992-04-21 WO PCT/FR1992/000355 patent/WO1992019784A1/en unknown
- 1992-04-23 DE DE4213422A patent/DE4213422A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-04-24 BE BE9200373A patent/BE1005861A3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-04-24 IT ITMI920987A patent/IT1257698B/en active IP Right Grant
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015063738A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-04-09 | 日本鋳鉄管株式会社 | Arc welding method and arc welding apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE1005861A3 (en) | 1994-02-22 |
| IT1257698B (en) | 1996-02-01 |
| ITMI920987A1 (en) | 1993-10-24 |
| FR2675820B1 (en) | 1993-07-02 |
| WO1992019784A1 (en) | 1992-11-12 |
| DE4213422A1 (en) | 1992-10-29 |
| FR2675820A1 (en) | 1992-10-30 |
| ITMI920987A0 (en) | 1992-04-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US20140170410A1 (en) | Method for Applying a Coating to a Substrate, Coating, and Use of Particles | |
| US5070274A (en) | Method for making diamond and apparatus therefor | |
| US9580787B2 (en) | Coating method using special powdered coating materials and use of such coating materials | |
| US20040065170A1 (en) | Method for producing nano-structured materials | |
| EP0445353A1 (en) | Electric arc spraying of reactive metals | |
| EP0017944A1 (en) | Thermospray method for production of aluminium porous boiling surfaces | |
| GB2145741A (en) | Reactive vapour deposition operation | |
| JPH0691162A (en) | Superfine particle producing device | |
| CA2103330A1 (en) | Conversion of methane and carbon dioxide using microwave radiation | |
| JP2001516396A (en) | Thermal spraying method and thermal spraying device | |
| JPH06501061A (en) | Method and apparatus for the formation of metal deposits by electric arc radiation | |
| GB1595061A (en) | Electrically conductive layers produced by plasma spraying | |
| Sakka et al. | Oxidation and degradation of titanium nitride ultrafine powders exposed to air | |
| EP0115412A2 (en) | Coating for electronic substrate | |
| US2965524A (en) | Electric metal-arc welding flux | |
| US3023301A (en) | Silica-free welding flux | |
| CN1174108A (en) | Atomization process of metal and alloy powder | |
| JPH0860333A (en) | Method and equipment for powder thermal spraying | |
| JP2535777B2 (en) | Ultra fine particle classifier | |
| Vissokov et al. | Plasma-chemical synthesis of ultradispersed iron oxides with pigment qualification | |
| JPH07330314A (en) | Production of fine particle of single-phase gamma'-fe4n and apparatus therefor | |
| JPH03267301A (en) | Manufacture of surface coated super fine particles | |
| JP3488882B2 (en) | Method for producing single-phase γ'-Fe4N ultrafine particles | |
| JPS569304A (en) | Manufacture of fine metal particle | |
| JPH05279044A (en) | Production of ferrite powder by spray calcination process |