JPH0645052Y2 - Fastener with lock - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fastener having a locking mechanism, and more particularly to a detachable bolt / nut capable of reliably preventing the nut from loosening or falling off from the bolt. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A helical strip formed around a longitudinal axis of a bolt / nut engages with a groove surface, and a helical strip generated based on a reaction force in the longitudinal axis acting between them by a tightening force. Mutual rotation is stopped by the component force of the frictional force between the groove surfaces, and the fastening relationship is maintained. However, after all, the frictional force generated between the spiral line and the groove surface is only generated between the smooth sloped surfaces, so that the fixing tool or the tightening tool or member may expand or contract due to temperature change, and the friction may last for a long time. The above-mentioned tightening conditions between bolts and nuts are violated based on slippage between sloped surfaces due to repeated high-frequency vibrations and other external physical conditions, and the nuts loosen or fall out of the screw threads of the bolt while not being noticed. It may cause an accident.

Therefore, in order to prevent accidents of this kind, bolts and
Various types of mechanisms have conventionally been proposed for the loosening prevention means between the nuts, and improvements have been made.
However, in any case, the loosening prevention member / structure is complicated and there is a risk of cost increase, too much labor for construction, uncertain function, or relatively narrow range of loosening prevention construction. There are many problems that have been put to practical use.

By the way, the types and models of the loosening prevention mechanism applied between the bolt and the nut are classified into several types. Among them, the bolt side is machined and the locking portion is formed there, and the nut side is processed. There are not many locking mechanism / models for fixing the locking claws provided in the above to this, even before the present application. However, according to the structure, since the mechanical locking member is interposed between the bolt and the nut,
Its action and effect are relatively certain.

[0005] Here, an example of this kind is:
A fastener with a locking device as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 30-10808, wherein the locking mechanism has a knurled thread portion of the bolt, and after tightening by screwing the nut, the locking mechanism is erected on the nut side. Loosening the nut by fitting a "wedge" equipped with a vertical groove that meshes with the knurl between the provided protrusion and the thread of the bolt, and binding it to the protrusion using a string. A stop mechanism is configured.

[0006]

This type of locking mechanism is a "wedge" for locking, which is separate from the bolts and nuts, such that the knurling of the thread portion of the bolt is locked to another member. It is necessary to prepare a member, or to work by attaching a "wedge" between the screw thread and the nut protrusion for installation and binding this to the nut protrusion with a string-shaped member. For example, it is not easy to set the "wedge", and careful work is required to complete the loosening prevention mechanism, and if this post-processing is not done properly, the loosening prevention means between the bolt and nut will be incomplete. May be.

Therefore, the present invention is intended to solve the problems inherent in this type known in the related art, has a simple structure, is suitable for mass production, can reduce the production cost, and can be constructed regardless of construction. The present invention is intended to provide a fastener with a locking device which is reliable in operation, has a wide range of use, is easy to use, and can withstand repeated use if necessary.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has the respective constituent elements as described below. (1) A sawtooth knurl is fixed to a bolt formed on the bottom surface of a thread groove and a nut that is screwed into the thread of the bolt, and one side of the spring board member is biased toward the thread. On a part of the surface facing the groove of the screw thread,
An engaging claw that engages with the serrated knurl formed on the bottom surface of the screw groove is formed, and a cam that is attached to the nut and that can be operated from the outside is engaged with the free end of the spring plate member to engage the cam. By changing the phase, the locking claw of the spring member is pressed and fixed to the sawtooth knurl side, or the constraint on the spring plate member is released to make it a free state,
Alternatively, a locking device with a locking device, which releases the locking state between the locking claw and the serrated knurl.

[0009]

[Operation] When the nut is screwed into the thread of the bolt, the tip of the locking claw formed on the spring plate, which is fitted and locked on the nut side, is urged by the spring to cause the bottom of the thread groove of the bolt. When the nut engages with the irregularities of the sawtooth knurls and rotates in the tightening direction of the nut, the locking claws pass over the irregularities of the knurls without any problem, but when trying to rotate in the opposite direction the sawtooth Since the concave-convex shape and the locking claw are engaged with each other and the locking claw is locked or fixed to the nut via the spring plate, the nut cannot be rotated with respect to the thread of the bolt.

Therefore, mutual rotation cannot occur between the bolt and the nut even if a torque in the loosening direction is applied to the nut, and even if the nut and the nut are rotatable, it is possible only in the tightening direction of the nut. When the nut is screwed into the screw thread for the first time, since the tip of the locking claw has a slope in the screwing direction, the slope surface comes into contact with the uneven portion of the screw groove bottom serrated knurl. Even if the locking claws are displaced against the bias of the spring,
It does not prevent the threads from entering.

When it is desired to release the tightening of this type of bolt / nut for some reason, the cam is rotated from the outside to move the free end of the spring plate in the direction away from the thread surface, and the spring plate is attached. If the tip of the locking claw is disengaged from the locking of the serrated knurl against the force, the locking function of the nut is released and the nut can be turned in the loosening direction. Of course, in this state, the nut may be screwed in the tightening direction.

Even if the shape of the serrated knurl provided in the thread groove of the bolt is somewhat inaccurate, if the locking claw does not move outward in the diametrical direction of the bolt, ratchet engagement between the two is achieved. The nut cannot come loose, so the nut cannot rotate in the loosening direction. If you expect a reliable locking action between the bolt and nut, turn the cam to press the spring plate on the back of the locking claw in the screw thread direction of the bolt to move the locking claw in the diametrical direction from the back side. If you prevent it,
It can be made even more reliable. The cam is
By rotating in a specific direction, the movement positions of the spring plate and the locking claw can be restrained. However, when the spring plate is in the free state, the locking claw is constantly pressed by the serrated knurl of the thread groove of the bolt by the spring force. Therefore, in this state, the locking claw engages with the serrated knurl provided in the thread groove of the bolt via the spring force, so that the function of preventing the nut from loosening is retained.

If the line connecting the base of the spring plate and the locking claw is outside the cutting line passing through the tip of the locking claw on the thread groove cross section of the bolt, the function of preventing the nut from loosening can be achieved. It can be better. According to the present invention, since the serrated knurl is applied to the bottom of the thread groove of the bolt, there is no risk that it will contact other members and cause damage, or that the knurl will not deform and lose its function. The strength of the threads is almost never compromised. Further, the nut with lock is considered to be used as a lock nut, and the force applied to the locking claw necessary for locking the nut is small. Since all the locking mechanism is attached to the nut, loss of locking parts cannot occur before and after use.

If the pitch of the serrated knurls at the bottom of the thread groove is made fine, it is possible to prevent loosening of the nut in the tightening stage at a minute angle. Easy to install, reliable operation, over a wide range in the longitudinal direction of the bolt,
The anti-loosening effect can be obtained. If necessary, the locking function of the nut can be released. It can be used again. Further, the locking mechanism is relatively simple and suitable for mass production without increasing the manufacturing cost. And so on, it is possible to obtain a special effect which cannot be expected from the conventionally known fastener of this type.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Each member constituting this embodiment can be appropriately modified in design within the technical level in the industry at the time of the application of the present invention. In view of this, the gist of the present invention should not be limitedly understood based on only the configuration of the present embodiment without showing any particular reason.

(No. 1) FIG. 1 is a side view of a hexagonal bolt according to an embodiment of the present invention and a thread formed on the bolt,
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, in which 1 is a bolt, 2 is a threaded portion of the bolt 1,
Reference numeral 3 is a sawtooth knurl formed continuously along the groove of the screw 2. As shown in the cross section of the threaded portion 2 in FIG. 2, in the case of a right-hand thread, the saw teeth are formed so that the saw-tooth blade turns to the right when viewed from below. In short, when the nut is screwed into the right-hand screw, the locking claw fixed to the nut is
It should be understood that it is provided in such a shape that when it turns clockwise, it goes over the irregularities of the sawtooth knurl and engages when trying to turn left.

Such a serrated knurled screw thread can be formed by a thread rolling machine. Also,
The pitch of the sawtooth knurl is made as small as possible, so that the loosening prevention function always works even if the rotation angle adjustment for tightening the nut is small, without impairing the strength of the screw part. Make sure that the serrated knurl does not interfere with the internal thread of the nut that is screwed into the thread,
It must be provided with at least a hooking unevenness that ensures a locking action of the nut.

The tip end surface of the screw thread 2 of the bolt 1 is chamfered 4, and even when the locking claw on the nut side projects to the inside in the diametrical direction of the female screw, it is guided by the chamfer 4 portion. Then, it acts so as to move it so as to face the thread groove bottom of the bolt. Even if it is not the case, the inclined surface of the tip of the locking claw exhibits the same action as that of the chamfered portion 4.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a nut which is an embodiment of the present invention that is screwed into the bolt 1. In the drawing, 5 is a hexagonal nut and 6 is one side of the hexagonal nut. A narrow groove, which is close to one of the above and is parallel to the surface, and 7 is a leg portion fitted and fixed to the narrow groove 6,
A leaf spring whose upper side is L-shaped as shown in FIG. 3 and whose free end is curved and bent outward is provided with a locking claw 8 which is erected and fixed so as to face the thread side of the intermediate side thereof. 8 is arranged so that when the nut 5 is screwed into the thread of the bolt 1, it occupies a position where it can be locked by the serrated knurl 3 provided on the bottom of the thread groove of the bolt.

That is, the tip of the locking claw 8 is provided so as to be on the locus of the crest of the female screw provided on the nut 5. Locking claw 8
When the screw thread is a right-hand thread, the direction of locking is in the clockwise direction (tightening) (because the locking claw 8 is attached to the intermediate side of the spring 7), and it goes over the knurled unevenness at the bottom of the screw groove and advances. However, it is formed so as to engage with the saw-toothed knurl 3 in the counterclockwise (loosening) direction. At that time, the tip of the locking claw 8 preferably has two ridges and is in pressure contact with the serrated knurl 3 at the bottom of the thread groove on the bolt side by the bias of the leaf spring 7.

Reference numeral 9 is a free end curved portion of the spiral leaf spring 7,
A cam 10 whose rotation can be controlled from the outside is arranged inside thereof, and the free end curved portion 9 of the spring plate 7 is released from the cam 10 by rotating each of the cams in a predetermined angle direction. The locking claw 8 is
It engages with the irregularities of the serrated knurls 3 at the bottom of the thread groove. In that case, the locking claw 8 gets over the unevenness of the sawtooth knurl 3 at the bottom of the thread groove by the rotation of the nut 5 in the tightening direction, and the locking claw 8 engages with the unevenness of the sawtooth knurl 3 by the rotation in the loosening direction.
That is, it retains the function of preventing the nut from loosening in the usual sense.

By moving the free end curved portion 9 of the spring plate 7 in a direction separating from the screw thread, the locking claw 8 is
The engagement of the thread groove bottom serrated knurling 3 of the bolt is released to defeat the locking function of the nut. That is, when it is desired to loosen the nut 5 of this embodiment, the nut 5
By rotating a cam 10 that can be operated from outside the plane of the blade at a required angle, the locking claw 8 of the nut is moved outward in the diametrical direction against the bias of the leaf spring 7, and this and the serrated knurl 3 of the screw groove bottom. The engagement state with is released, and the nut is loosened while maintaining the positional relationship. Therefore, it can be used as a pre-operation for loosening the already tightened nut from the bolt. This allows the nut with the locking mechanism to be reused.

The free end curve 9 of the spring plate 7 is lined so as not to press in the screw thread direction of the bolt or move in the direction separating from the screw thread, so that the locking claw 8 and the screw groove bottom saw tooth of the bolt 1 are formed. The locking relationship with the knurls 3 is ensured, and the reliability of the locking function of the nut 5 is enhanced. However, this operation can be performed only after the tightening operation of the nut is completed, and if forcedly performed, the tightening operation of the nut 5 is disturbed or the loosening preventing function of the nut 5 is destroyed. In short, this is a means for ensuring or ensuring the function of preventing the nut from loosening.

In the present embodiment, the intermediate side of the spring plate 7 on which the locking claw 8 is carried and fixed is slightly inclined with respect to the cutting line direction of the male screw at the tip of the locking claw 8 as shown in FIG. It is preferably inclined outward. That is, when a load is applied to the tip of the locking claw 8 due to the inclination of the spring plate, the locking claw 8 tends to be pressed further toward the serrated knurl side. The locking claw 8 may be formed by cutting and raising a part of an intermediate side of the leaf spring 7 bent into an L shape. However, the sharpness of the tip portion of the locking claw 8 needs to be secured to an extent sufficient to engage with the corrugations of the corresponding sawtooth knurls. The operation and effect of each member constituting the present embodiment is as described in the above section [Operation]. In the present embodiment, it is also possible to control the above-mentioned action of the spring plate 7 by replacing and inserting a sham having a tapered tip at the position of the cam 10 and operating the slat.

(No. 2) FIG. 4 is a plan sectional view of a nut of another embodiment of the present invention screwed into the bolt 1, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. Reference numeral 5 is a hexagonal nut, 11 is an angular long groove formed by penetrating from one of the hexagonal side surfaces of the nut to the female screw side, and the angular long groove 11 has a leaf spring 7 bent into a spiral shape as shown in FIG. Is laid on its side and its inner free end faces the female screw side, and is press-fitted and fixed thereto. At that time, one side of the leaf spring 7 is along the hexagonal outer surface of the nut 5, and the locking claw 8 is erected and fixed on the side facing the female screw on the free end side of the leaf spring 7 arranged on the female screw side of the nut. At that time, when the nut is screwed into the screw thread of the bolt, the tip of the locking claw 8 is provided at the bottom of the thread groove of the serrated knurl 3
It is arranged so as to occupy a position that can be locked to

That is, the nut 5 is provided so as to be on the locus of the thread of the female screw. When the screw thread is a right-hand thread, the locking claw 8 is locked in the clockwise (tightening) direction (since the locking claw 8 is attached to the free side of the spring plate 7), the knurled bottom of the thread groove is used. Although it can move forward over bumps, it is formed so as to engage with the sawtooth knurls 3 in the left-hand rotation (slack) direction. At this time, the tip of the locking claw 8 preferably has two ridges, and is pressed against the serrated knurl 3 at the bottom of the thread groove on the side of the bolt 1 by the bias of the leaf spring 7.

Reference numeral 9 is a free end curved portion of the spiral leaf spring 7,
A cam 10 whose rotation can be controlled from the outside is arranged inside thereof, and the free end curved portion 9 of the spring plate 7 is released from the cam 10 by rotating each of the cams 10 in a predetermined angle direction. Only by the spring force of 7, the locking claw 8
It engages with the irregularities of the serrated knurls 3 at the bottom of the thread groove. In that case, the locking claw 8 gets over the unevenness of the sawtooth knurl 3 at the bottom of the thread groove by the rotation of the nut in the tightening direction, and the locking claw 8 engages with the unevenness of the sawtooth knurl 3 by the rotation in the loosening direction. That is, it retains the function of preventing the nut from loosening in the usual sense.

By moving the free end curved portion 9 of the spring plate 7 in a direction separating from the screw thread, the locking claw 8 is
The engagement of the thread groove bottom serrated knurling 3 of the bolt is released to defeat the locking function provided by the nut. That is, when it is desired to loosen the nut 5 of this embodiment, the nut 5
By rotating the cam 10 that can be operated from the flat surface of the nut at a required angle, the locking claw 8 of the nut is moved outward of the bolt diameter against the bias of the leaf spring 7, and this and the serrated knurl at the bottom of the screw groove. It is possible to loosen the nut 5 while releasing the engagement state with 3 and maintaining the positional relationship. Therefore, the already tightened nut can be used as a pre-operation for loosening from the bolt. This allows the nut with the locking mechanism to be reused.

The free end curved portion 9 of the spring plate 7 is lined so as not to press in the thread direction of the bolt or move in the direction separating from the thread, so that the locking claw 8 and the thread groove bottom of the bolt 1 are formed. The engagement relationship with the serrated knurl 3 is ensured, and the reliability of the locking function of the nut is enhanced. Also, temporarily, the spring plate 7 and the horizontally long rectangular groove 6 of the nut
Even when the fixing relationship between the cam 10 and
Since it supports, it acts as a locking function.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the nut 5 of the present embodiment. In FIG. 5, 11 is a laterally long rectangular groove penetrated / pierced from the side surface of the hexagon nut 5 to the female screw thread side, and 7 is shown in FIG. A spring plate is formed by bending it into a rectangular spiral shape on a plane as shown, and its side surface is shaped so that it can be fitted and fixed in the laterally long rectangular groove 6 without a gap. Reference numeral 8 is a locking claw that is erected and fixed to the outer surface of the spring plate 7 on the female thread side of the intermediate side and engages with the irregularities of the serrated knurls 3 at the bottom of the bolt screw groove.
As shown in FIG. 4, it has a sloping mountain shape on one side. Reference numeral 10 denotes a cam that engages with the inner free end curved portion 9 of a leaf spring formed by bending in a rectangular spiral shape, and the cam is formed at the tip of the set screw 12. The set screw 12 is screwed into a female screw hole tapped at a right angle to the plane of the nut 5, and a screwdriver is engaged with the slot of the head to rotate the screw.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged plan view of the nut of this embodiment. In the figure, 5 is a nut body, 12 is a set screw screwed into a female screw hole tapped on the plane of the nut 5, A slot 13 is formed on the head. 14 is an example of an index applied to the head of the setscrew, and 15 is cam 10 with leaf spring 7.
To indicate what angular position it occupies,
It is a mark engraved and displayed on the plane of the nut. For the phase of the cam, use the indicator 14 on the head of the set screw 12
Displace as desired by adjusting to 15.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the set screw 12 alone.
In the figure, 10 is a cam part, 12 is a set screw, and 13 is a set screw.
It shows a slot on 12 heads. In the case of this embodiment, the entire locking mechanism of the nut 5 is
Since the mechanism is not adversely affected from the outside because it is housed in the laterally long rectangular groove 11 drilled on the other side, in order to reuse the nut of the present invention, another means for releasing the locking function is required. Will be required. To prevent the weakening of the nut strength due to the formation of the laterally long groove 11 on the side surface of the nut 5, the nut with the locking mechanism is used as a lock nut only for the purpose of preventing the loosening of the nut, and does not require much strength. It is desirable to use it in places. However, the thickness (height) of the nut may be made thicker than the standard size to strengthen the structure.

[0033]

As described above, according to the present invention, the serrated knurling is applied to the groove bottom of the screw thread, so that it may come into contact with other members to cause scratches, or they may deform and lose their functions. There is no fear of such, and by knurling,
The strength of the threads is hardly compromised. Since the locking mechanism is all attached to the nut, no parts can be lost before and after use. Since the serrated knurled concave-convex portion and the locking claw are engaged with each other, it is possible to cope with the loosening prevention of the nut in the tightening step at a small angle.

The loosening prevention mechanism is relatively simple, suitable for mass production, and does not increase the manufacturing cost. If necessary, the locking function of the nut will be fixed to further ensure safety. The cam member that engages with the leaf spring also acts as a loosening prevention mechanism, and even if the fixing relationship between the leaf spring member and the lateral oblong groove of the nut is broken, it functions as a support device for the locking claw. . The construction method is easy, there is no difference in function due to its skillfulness, and it has the effect of preventing the nut from loosening over a wide range in the longitudinal direction of the bolt. It can be used again. And so on, it is possible to obtain a special action and effect that cannot be expected from the conventionally known fixing device with the loosening prevention.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a hexagon bolt and a thread thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of an embodiment of the nut of the present invention that is screwed onto the screw of the hexagonal bolt shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of another embodiment of the nut of the present invention, which is screwed onto the screw of the hexagon bolt shown in FIG.

5 is a side sectional view of the nut taken along the line BB in FIG.

FIG. 6 shows a partially enlarged plan view of FIG.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged side view of a set screw with a cam screwed to the nut of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Bolt 2 Screw thread 3 Serrated knurl 4 Chamfer 5 Nut 6 Fine groove 7 Leaf spring 8 Locking claw 9 Free end curved part 10 Cam 11 Horizontal oblong groove 12 Set screw 13 Slot 14 Index 15 Mark.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A spring plate member, in which a sawtooth knurl is fixed to a bolt formed on the bottom surface of a screw groove and a nut screwed to the screw thread of the bolt, and one side of which is biased to the screw thread side, and the spring plate. On a part of the surface of the member facing the groove of the screw thread, a locking claw that engages with the sawtooth knurl formed on the bottom surface of the screw groove is formed, and a cam that is attached to the nut and can be operated from the outside is formed. By engaging the free end of the spring plate member and changing the engagement phase of the cam, the locking claw of the spring member is pressed and fixed to the serrated knurl side, or the constraint on the spring plate member is released. A fixing tool with a locking device, characterized in that the locking claw and the serrated knurl are unlocked.