JPH0644198Y2 - Optical space transmission device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in the following order.

A Industrial field B Outline of device C Conventional technology (Fig. 15) D Problems to be solved by device (Fig. 15) E Means for solving problems (Figs. 1 and 2) , Third
Fig., Fig. 4 and Fig. 8) F action (Figs. 1 and 2) G embodiment (Figs. 1 to 14) H Effect of the invention A Industrial field of application This invention is an optical space transmission device With regard to the above, for example, it is suitable to be applied to an optical space transmission device that transmits information using a light beam that is transmitted bidirectionally.

B Outline of the Invention The present invention is, in an optical space transmission device, switching between a coarse adjustment mode and a fine adjustment mode of an optical axis direction based on an irradiation position error amount of a light beam sent to a transmission / reception device of a communication target. Thereby, the light beam can be always applied to an accurate position.

C Conventional Technology Conventionally, in the bidirectional optical space transmission apparatus 5, as shown in FIG. 15, a wall surface 2A is provided on the side of the second transmission / reception apparatus 2 facing the first transmission / reception apparatus 1, and The operator of the second transmitter / receiver 2 side visually confirms the position of the optical spot SP1 formed on the wall surface 2A by the first light beam LA1 sent from the transmitter / receiver 1 of The state is notified to the first transmitter / receiver device 1 side using a communication line such as a telephone line, and the worker on the first transmitter / receiver device 1 side operates the drive device 1C according to the irradiation position shift state. By adjusting the optical axis azimuth of the first transmission / reception device 1, the irradiation position shift is corrected.

Further, in the same manner as above, the wall surface 1A is provided on the side of the first transmitting / receiving device 1 facing the second transmitting / receiving device 2, and the second light beam LA2 transmitted from the second transmitting / receiving device 2 A worker on the side of the first transmitter / receiver 1 visually confirms the position of the optical spot SP2 formed on the wall surface 1A, and informs the second transmitter / receiver 2 of the position shift state using a communication line. By adjusting the optical axis direction of the second transmitter / receiver 2 by the operator on the second transmitter / receiver 2 side operating the drive device 2C according to the irradiation position shift state,
The irradiation position shift is corrected.

D The problem to be solved by the invention When the optical axis alignment is attempted by such a method, firstly, the position of the optical spot formed on the wall surfaces 1A and 2A is notified to the opposing transmitter / receiver side. Secondly, there is a problem that the work is complicated and, secondly, a dedicated communication line such as a telephone line must be prepared, which complicates the configuration of the entire optical space transmission device.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention to propose an optical space transmission device capable of more accurately aligning the optical axis of a light beam by a simple operation.

E Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has first and second transmitting and receiving devices, and first and second optical beams LA10 and LA20 modulated by an information signal are provided. In the space optical transmission apparatus for mutually transmitting and receiving between the transmitting and receiving apparatuses, the first transmitting and receiving apparatus 10
Two-dimensional position detecting means 55 for detecting a relative error between the extracted light beam LA13 obtained by extracting a part of the light beam LA10 sent from the optical beam LA10 and the optical axis adjusting light LA14 emitted from the second transmitting / receiving device. , 17, and the coarse adjustment means 17 for roughly adjusting the optical axis direction of the light beam LA10 based on the relative error between the extracted light beam LA13 and the light adjustment light LA14 detected by the two-dimensional position detection means 55, 17. And a fine adjustment means 18 for finely adjusting the optical axis direction of the light beam LA10 based on the fine adjustment signals S _VH and S _VV emitted from the second transmission / reception device, and when the relative error converges within a predetermined range. In addition, switching means 12 for switching from the coarse adjustment means 17 to the fine adjustment means 18 is provided.

F action When the irradiation position of the light beam LA10 emitted from the first transmitter / receiver 10 is irradiated to the outside of a predetermined range in which the optical axis can be finely adjusted, with respect to the second transmitter / receiver to be communicated Selects the coarse adjustment means to roughly adjust the optical axis azimuth, and when the irradiation position converges within a predetermined range in which the fine adjustment can be performed, the fine adjustment means is selected to make a slight deviation of the optical axis azimuth. By compensating for, the optical axis can always be aligned accurately.

G Embodiment One embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 indicates a first transmitting / receiving device (which is called a main transmitting / receiving device) of the optical space transmission system as a whole, which is housed in a housing 12 and installed on a rooftop of a building, for example. An optical beam LA10 for information transmission is directed toward a second transmission / reception device (which has substantially the same configuration as the first transmission / reception device and is referred to as a communication target transmission / reception device) to which information is transmitted from the device 10. The light beam LA20 for information transmission, which is emitted from the communication target transmission / reception device, is received.

As shown in FIG. 2, the main transmitter / receiver 10 includes an azimuth adjusting circuit.
A coarse adjustment circuit 17 which has 16 and roughly adjusts the optical axis L of the light beam LA10 in the direction of the transmission / reception device of the communication object, and the coarse adjustment circuit 17 coarsely adjusts the direction of the optical axis to a further stage. The optical axis L of the light beam LA10 is substantially aligned with the optical axis of the light beam LA20 by adjusting with high accuracy, and a fine adjustment circuit 18 for maintaining the optical transmission line sufficiently in practical use is included.

The coarse adjustment circuit 17 outputs the coarse adjustment outputs S _DX and S _DY in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction through switching circuits 19X and 19Y switching input terminals a, respectively, to drive the X-axis direction and Y-axis direction drive unit 20X of the light beam transmitter / receiver 20. By supplying to 20Y, the light beam transmitting / receiving device 20 is adjusted in the coarse adjustment mode, and the fine adjustment circuit 18 outputs the X-axis direction and Y-axis direction fine adjustment outputs S _MX and S _MY of the switching circuits 19X and 19Y, respectively. The light beam transmitting / receiving device 20 is adjusted in the fine adjustment mode by supplying it to the X-axis direction and Y-axis direction driving units 20X and 20Y through the switching input terminal b.

The X-axis direction and Y-axis direction coarse adjustment outputs S _DX and S _DY are given to the adjustment deviation detection circuit 21 of the comparison circuit configuration, and the coarse adjustment output S _DX is given.
And S _DY are larger than the switching reference value, switching circuits 19X and 19
By switching control of Y to the switching input terminal a side, it is switched to the coarse adjustment mode state. In this state, the coarse adjustment output S _DX
And S _DY become smaller than the switching reference value, the switching circuits 19X and 19Y are switched to the switching input terminal b side to switch to the fine adjustment mode state.

In the case of this embodiment, the adjustment deviation detection circuit 21 is a coarse adjustment circuit.
It is determined whether or not an addition signal K obtained by adding the absolute values of the Y-axis direction coarse adjustment output S _DY and the X-axis direction coarse adjustment output S _DX output from 17 is larger than a predetermined value Z.

Here, when the addition signal K is larger than the predetermined value Z, that is, when the relational expression K = | _SDY | + _SDX |> Z (1) is given, the switch control signals _SWY and _SWX
By switching the switch circuits 19X and 19Y to the switching input terminal a side, the Y-axis direction coarse adjustment output S _DY and the X-axis direction coarse adjustment output S _DX are selected.

Thus, the coarse adjustment mode is continuously executed by sending the Y-axis direction coarse adjustment output S _DY and the X-axis direction coarse adjustment output S _DX to the drive circuits 28 and 36 of the light beam transmitting / receiving device 20, respectively.

Adjusting the deviation detecting circuit 21 on the other hand, if the sum signal K is less than a predetermined value Z, i.e. the following equation K = | time represented by the equation of ≦ Z ...... (2) | S DY | + S DX , Switch control signals S _WY and S _WX
By switching the switches 19X and 19Y to the switching input terminal b, the fine adjustment output S _MY of the fine adjustment circuit 18 in the Y-axis direction is obtained.
And Y-axis direction fine adjustment output S _MX are selected, and thereby the fine adjustment mode control is executed.

Incidentally, the predetermined value Z is the optical detectors V1X, V2X and H1X, H where the irradiation position of the light beam LA10 is provided in the communication target transceiver device.
It is set to a value that can irradiate 2X (Fig. 5),
As a result, when the result K obtained by adding the absolute values to the Y-axis direction coarse adjustment output S _DY and the X-axis direction coarse adjustment output S _DX is larger than the value Z, this means that the light beam LA1 Indicates that the range in which the fine adjustment mode can be executed is not emitted, whereas the result K obtained by adding the absolute values to the error signals S _DY and S _DX , respectively, is When it is within the value Z, this means that the light beam LA10 irradiates the range in which the fine adjustment mode can be executed.

By accordance connexion above the Y-axis direction coarse output S _DY and the X-axis direction coarse output S _DX had basis by switching the switch circuits 19X and 19Y, it is possible to switch the coarse adjustment mode and the fine adjustment mode.

The light beam transmission / reception device 20 has a transmission / reception optical system 30 (provided in the housing 12 in FIG. 1) as shown in FIG. 3, and a U-shaped mount 31 fixed to the housing 12 An annular holding member 32 is supported on a shaft 34 by a support member 33, and a transmission / reception optical system is provided.
The azimuth of the optical axis L of the light beam LA10 emitted from 30 can be adjusted in the Y-axis direction (vertical direction).

Incidentally, the holding member 32 has a gear 35 that rotates about the shaft 34, and the gear 35 meshes with the gear 37, whereby the optical axis L
Motor 26 fixed to the base 31 (Y as shown in FIG. 2)
It is driven by the drive circuit 28 in the axial drive section 20Y) and is rotated in the vertical direction as indicated by the arrow a.

The holding member 32 includes a cylindrical lens holding member 40 and a supporting member 41.
Thus, the optical axis L is rotatably supported about the axis 42, and the azimuth of the optical axis L can be adjusted in the X-axis direction (horizontal direction).

Incidentally, the lens holding member 40 has a gear 43 that rotates about a shaft 42 as a central axis, and the gear 43 meshes with the gear 44 so that the optical axis L is fixed to the holding member 32 (see FIG. 2). (Driven by the drive circuit 36 in the X-axis direction drive unit 20X, as shown in FIG. 4), it is rotated in the left-right direction as indicated by the arrow b.

As shown in FIG. 4, the lens holding member 40 is provided on the optical axis L, has a laser light source 50 and a light receiving section 51 that can move on the optical axis, and has a focus position of a lens 52 for transmitting and receiving light. The light beam LA10 emitted from the laser light source 50 whose movement is controlled to be transmitted through the light transmitting / receiving lens 52 along the optical axis L, and when the optical beam LA20 arrives from the communication target on the optical axis L. Through the light receiving lens 52, light is received by the light receiving unit 51 whose movement is controlled to the focal position of the transmitting / receiving lens 52.

The laser light source 50 receives the transmission output signal S _OUT formed based on the information signal S _P1 in the transmission circuit 53 and receives the light beam.
The light receiving unit 51 converts the light beam LA20 transmitted from the communication target transmission / reception device into a reception input signal S _IN and supplies it to the reception circuit 54.

The reception circuit 54 obtains the reception information signal S _P2 from the reception input signal S _IN , superimposes the reception information signal S _P2 on the reception information signal S _P2 , and transmits the fine adjustment servo error signals S _VH and S _VV transmitted from the communication target transceiver device. Is given to the fine adjustment circuit 18 of the azimuth adjustment circuit 16.

Here, the fine adjustment servo error signals S _VH and S _VV are the light beams emitted from the main transceiver 10 to the communication transceiver.
The irradiation position error of LA10 (Fig. 15) is detected and transmitted by the communication target transceiver.

In the case of this embodiment, the transmission / reception device for communication has a fine adjustment optical axis direction error detection circuit 51X as shown in FIG. 5, and four light beams are provided around the incident surface of the lens 52X for transmitting and receiving light. Main transmitter / receiver 10 with detectors H1X, H2X, V1X and V2X
The amount of deviation of the optical axis of the light beam LA10 coming from is detected.

That is, the optical detectors H1X and H2X are the transmitting and receiving lenses 52X.
Each is arranged to the left and right positions, by providing the detection output to the subtraction circuit SUB1, as in the _{S VH = k H {P (} H1) -P (H2)} ...... (3), of the light beam LA10 When the optical axis deviates in the horizontal direction from the center of the lens 52X, a fine adjustment horizontal servo error signal S _VH that changes according to the amount of deviation is obtained.

(3) In the equation, P (H1) and P (H2) in the horizontal direction light Deitekuta H1X and received light amount of H2X, is k _H is a constant of proportionality.

Vertical light Deitekuta V1X and V2X hand are respectively disposed on upper and lower positions of the transmitting and receiving light lens 52X, by providing the detection output to the subtraction circuit _{SUB2, S VV = k V {} P (V1) -P (V2)} As shown in (4), when the optical axis of the light beam LA10 deviates vertically from the center of the lens 52X, the vertical servo error signal S _VV for fine adjustment that changes according to the amount of deviation obtain.

(4) P (V1) and P (V2) in equation vertical light Deitekuta V1X and V2X the received light amount, the k _V is a proportionality constant.

Thus, the communication target transmission / reception device superimposes the fine adjustment servo error signals S _VH and S _VV on the information signal S _P2 transmitted from the communication target transmission / reception device to the main transmission / reception device 10 via the modulation circuit 53X, and then outputs the light beam LA20. _Send as output signal S _{OUTX to} obtain.

The main transmission / reception device 10 receives the fine adjustment servo error signals S _VH and S _VV in the reception circuit 54 and supplies them to the azimuth adjustment circuit 16.

The azimuth adjustment circuit 16 is provided with the fine adjustment servo error signals S _VH and S
Based on _VV , the optical axis direction signal S _CM that sets the signal level of the servo error signals S _VH and S _VV to 0 is given to the X-axis direction drive unit 20X and the Y-axis direction drive unit 20Y, whereby the light beam LA10 Correct the optical axis direction.

As a result, the light beam LA10 is finely adjusted so that its optical axis L does not deviate from the center of the transmitting / receiving lens 52X of the communication target transceiver.

Due to the fine adjustment operation in the fine adjustment mode as described above, the main transmitting / receiving device 10 is
Fine-adjustment servo error signal S sent back from the transmitting / receiving device to be communicated for 10 emission directions (that is, optical axis direction)
Based on _VH and S _VV , it is possible to finely adjust the direction of the communication target transceiver with practically sufficient accuracy, but in addition to this, the main transceiver 10 is, for example, at the time of installation of the optical space transmission device or at the time of maintenance and inspection. As described above, when the operation mode is changed from the stop operation mode, the coarse adjustment optical system ADJ is provided to perform the coarse adjustment operation in the coarse adjustment mode for obtaining the state in which the transmission / reception device for communication can receive the light beam LA10.

As shown in FIG. 4, the coarse adjustment optical system ADJ has a television camera 55 integrally attached to the housing 12, and takes an image of a scene around the point where the communication target transceiver is installed through the telephoto lens 62. By doing so, the emission position of the light beam LA20 transmitted from the communication target transmission / reception device can be imaged together with the surrounding scene.

Here, a collimator scope 56 is provided in front of the television camera 55 and the lens 52 for transmitting and receiving light.
From the direction substantially parallel to the optical axis L of LA10, the window 63 and the shutter 66
Collimating scope for subject light speed LA14 incident through
It is introduced as the imaging light speed LA13 for the television camera 55 through the half mirror 59 of 56 and the telephoto lens 62.

Thus, as shown in FIG. 10, the television camera 55 uses the telephoto lens 62 to capture the optical spot SP20 by the light beam LA20 along with the surrounding scene of the communication target transceiver.
An image is formed on the Y coordinate, and thus, the coordinate position of the light spot SP20 (thus, the emission position of the light beam LA20) (X2, Y2) can be detected.

Incidentally, the main transceiver 10 and the communication target transceiver are designed to be able to reliably transmit information by increasing the energy density by narrowing the light beams LA10 and LA20 for information transmission as thin as possible. Actually light beam LA
10 and LA20 emit ambient light having a low energy density, and the ambient light is made incident on the television camera 55 through the telephoto lens 62 of the coarse adjustment optical system ADJ as the subject light speed LA14 to obtain an image pickup surface 55A. An image can be formed as an optical spot SP20 indicating the position of the communication target transceiver device.

In the case of this embodiment, the image on the imaging surface 55A is displayed on the monitor 13 provided on the operation panel surface 12A (FIG. 1) of the housing 12. Here, the field of view of the telephoto lens 62 is selected within a range including the facility 13A (for example, a building) where the communication target transmission / reception device is installed and the imaging target around the facility 13A, and is emitted from the communication target transmission / reception device. The position of the image 13B of the light beam for reception is set to the television camera 55.
The operator can read it as the coordinate value on the image pickup plane.

In addition to this, a part of the light beam of the light beam LA10 emitted through the transmitting / receiving lens 52 is laterally bent by the half mirror 58 of the collimator scope 56, so that the extracted light for detecting the light beam emission position is detected. After being extracted as the beam LA11, the telephoto lens is passed through the optical paths of the shutter 65, the half mirror 59, the prism 60, the half mirror 59, and the telephoto lens 62 in a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis L of the transmitting / receiving lens 52.
It is introduced to the television camera 55 through the 62 as the imaging speed of light LA13.

At this time, the half mirror 59 is held with high parallelism with respect to the half mirror 58, and the extraction light beam LA of the half mirror 58 is held.
It is designed to transmit 11 and guide it to the corner cube prism 60.

The corner cube prism 60 is arranged so that the extraction light beam LA11 is incident on the incident surface 60A thereof, whereby the reflected light LA12 whose optical axis is parallel to the extraction light beam LA11.
Is reflected by the corner cube prism 60 and is incident on the half mirror 59.

Therefore, in the half mirror 59, the reflected light LA12 is reflected at an angle of approximately 90 degrees, and the reflected light (that is, the imaging speed of light) LA13 is transmitted through the telephoto lens 62 to the television camera 55.
Is incident on.

Therefore, by holding the half mirrors 58 and 59 at a high degree of parallelism, even if the collimating scope 56 is arranged to be inclined with respect to the optical axis L of the light beam LA10 as shown by the arrow e, Reflected light LA parallel to the optical axis of beam LA10
You can get 13.

Further, when the reflected light LA11 from the half mirror 58 is folded back via the corner cube prism 60, the collimator scope 56 is twisted with respect to the optical axis of the light beam LA10 as shown by an arrow f. But the light beam LA
The reflected light LA13 parallel to the 10 optical axes can be obtained.

Thus, the TV Gyon camera 55 has the extracted speed of light LA10.
Is imaged as an optical spot SP10 on the imaging surface 55A (6th
(Fig.) As a result, the position of the laser light source 50 is detected as coordinate values on the captured image 55A.

Here, since the light speed LA12 forming the light spot SP10 is made incident on the video camera 55 by the collimating scope 56 as the imaging light speed LA13 substantially parallel to the light beam LA10, the light spot SP10 is imaged. Coordinates on the imaging surface 55A (Fig. 6) and the imaging surface on which the optical spot SP20 is imaged
It can be considered that the coordinates on 55A (FIG. 7) are equivalently forming the same coordinate system.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, the light spot SP10 can equivalently represent the irradiation position when the light beam LA10 irradiates the vertical plane including the emission point of the light beam LA20, and thereby, the imaging The optical axis direction error of the light beam LA10 can be known from the coordinate position deviations Δx and Δy on the surface 55A.

In the case of this embodiment, the shutters 65 and 66 are composed of liquid crystal optical elements, and the shutters 65 and 66 are alternately opened and closed by the coarse adjustment circuit 17 so that the light beam LA10 and the subject from the communication target transceiver device side. Images of the speed of light LA14 are taken alternately.

The coarse adjustment circuit 17 having the configuration shown in FIG. 8 can be applied.

That is, the imaging output output from the television camera 55
Of the S _DET , the vertical synchronizing signal S _V (FIG. 9A) is counted by the counter circuit 70,
A frequency- _divided signal S _2V whose signal level rises at a cycle twice as long as S _V ((8) in FIG. 9) is formed, and the frequency-divided signal S _2V drives the shutter 66 and the inverting amplifier circuit 71. An inverted signal S _2IV (FIG. 9 (C)) of the frequency- _divided signal S _2V obtained by the above operation drives the shutter 65 so as to operate in the opposite direction to the shutter 66, and thereby the shutters 65 and 66 are driven to the vertical synchronization signal S. Open and close alternately in the _V cycle.

As a result, during the period T1 in which the signal level of the divided signal S _2V rises, only the subject light speed LA14 from the communication target transceiver device is imaged via the television camera 55, and thus the first
As shown in FIG. 10, an optical spot SP20 representing the light beam emission position on the communication target transceiver side can be imaged on the imaging surface 55A.

At this time, the image 13B of the light beam LA20 sent from the communication target transmitter / receiver side is displayed on the display screen of the monitor 13 (FIG. 1) provided in the housing 12 as a light spot that shines in the surrounding scene. obtain.

On the other hand, during the period T2 when the signal level of the inverted signal S _2IV rises, the laser light source 50 is transmitted via the television camera 55.
Only the extracted light beam LA11 obtained from the side is imaged, and thus, as shown in FIG.
It is possible to form an image of the light spot SP10 representing the light beam emission position on the side.

At this time, the image of the light beam LA10 on the side of the main transmitting / receiving device 10 can be displayed on the display screen of the monitor 13 (FIG. 1) as a light spot SP10 shining in the surrounding scene.

In practice, the switching cycle of the shutters 65 and 66 is the vertical sync signal S _V.
Since it is as short as the cycle of
As shown in the figure, an image similar to the case where the laser light source 50 is arranged at the irradiation position of the light beam LA10 can be displayed as a screen superimposed on the image on the side of the communication target transceiver.

The main transmitter / receiver 10 is adapted to enter the vertical optical axis alignment coarse adjustment mode when the vertical optical axis alignment switch 14B (FIG. 1) of the scanning panel is turned on. , TV Jeon camera 55 imaging output S _DET
The video signal S _E included in is _supplied to the coarse adjustment circuit 17.

When the video signal S _E exceeds a predetermined reference level in the waveform shaping circuit 73, the coarse adjustment circuit 17 outputs the optical spot SP at this time.
It is determined that 10 and SP20 have arrived, and a waveform shaping signal S _S (FIG. 11A) whose logic level rises to logic “H” is obtained and output to the vertical position detection circuit 74.

The vertical position detection circuit 74 receives the vertical synchronization signal S _V (FIG. 11 (B)) and the waveform shaping signal S _S, and receives the vertical synchronization signal S _V.
An output signal that falls at time t2 when the waveform shaping signal S _S rises to logic “H” level after the logic level rises to logic “H” at time t1 when S _V rises to logic “H” level.
S1 (Fig. 11 (C)) is obtained.

Then, after the vertical synchronizing signal S _V rises based on the output signal S1 and the horizontal synchronizing signal S _H (FIG. 11 (D)),
Waveform shaping signal S _S is logic "H" at optical spot SP10 or SP20.
Coordinate position data, which is represented by the number n of horizontal scanning lines, is formed for the period until rising to the level.

Further, the vertical position detection circuit 74 obtains the 1/2 frequency-divided output signal S2 (FIG. 11 (E)) based on the waveform shaping signal S _S to detect several n horizontal scanning lines, Optical spot
The value m / 2, which is 1/2 of the value m representing the size of SP10 or SP20 by the number of horizontal scanning lines, is added to the value n, so that the optical spot SP10 from the scanning start end on the captured image 55A or SP2
The vertical distance Y1 or Y2 (FIGS. 6 and 10) to the center position of 0 is detected by the number of horizontal scanning lines (count value), and the count value D _Y is latched via the multiplexer circuit 81. Output to the circuits 82 and 83.

The latch circuit 82 operates in synchronization with the frequency-divided signal S _2V , thereby latching the count value D _Y1 of the optical spot SP1 and then outputting it to the subtraction circuit 84.

On the other hand, the latch circuit 83 is adapted to operate in synchronization with the inverted signal S _2IV of the _divided signal S _2V obtained via the inverting amplifier circuit 85, whereby the count value D _Y2 of the optical spot SP20 is latched. After that, it outputs to the subtraction circuit 84.

Accordingly, the subtraction circuit 84 obtains the Y-axis direction coarse adjustment output S _DY which represents the vertical coordinate position deviation Δy (FIG. 7) of the optical spots SP10 and SP20 by the number of horizontal scanning lines, and
As shown in FIG. 2, the Y-axis direction rough adjustment output S _DY is supplied to the drive circuit 28 of the Y-axis direction drive section 20Y via the switch circuit 19Y.
Send to.

The drive circuit 28 detects whether the subtraction value representing the coordinate position deviation Δy is a positive value or a negative value, and drives the motor 26 so that the subtraction value approaches 0 based on the detection result.

Therefore, the light beam LA10 emitted from the main transceiver 10
In, the optical axis direction is corrected so that the irradiation position substantially coincides with the position of the optical spot SP20, and thus the optical axis can be roughly adjusted in the vertical direction.

On the other hand, the main transmitter / receiver 10 is adapted to enter the horizontal optical axis alignment coarse adjustment mode when the horizontal optical axis alignment switch 14C (Fig. 1) on the operation panel is turned on. The transceiver 10 is a television camera 55
The video signal S _{E of} is supplied to the coarse adjustment circuit 17.

The coarse adjustment circuit 17 applies the video signal S _E to the waveform shaping circuit 73 (eighth mode) in the same manner as in the above-described vertical optical axis alignment coarse adjustment mode.
In the figure), the waveform shaping signal S which rises to the logical "H" level corresponding to the coordinate positions of the optical spots SP10 and SP20.
_S (FIG. 12 (B)) is obtained and output to the horizontal position detection circuit 75.

The horizontal position detection circuit 75 has a logic "H" level at time t5 when the signal level of the horizontal synchronization signal _SH (Fig. 12 (A)) rises.
After rising to the level, the waveform shaping signal S _S becomes logic “H”.
An output signal S5 (FIG. 12 (C)) falling to the logic "L" level is obtained at the time t6 when the voltage rises to the level.

And receiving a sub-carrier signal from a television camera 55 S _SC (Figure 12 (D)) with an output signal S5, adapted count value at the falling edge of the signal level of the horizontal synchronizing signal S _H is cleared, thereby the horizontal The period until the logical level of the waveform shaping signal S _S rises to the logical “H” at the optical spot SP10 or SP20 after the rising of the synchronizing signal S _H is represented by the wave number N of the subcarrier signal S _SC . Form coordinate position data.

Incidentally, when there is no optical spot SP10 or SP20 on the scan line, the horizontal synchronizing signal S _H rises on the following scan line without the waveform shaping signal S _S rising to the logic "H" level. Accordance connexion wavenumber N only when the predetermined value or less (i.e., only when there is light Supotsuto SP10 or SP20 on the scanning line), by counting on the basis of the subcarriers signals S _SC, the scan start end on the imaging surface 55A The horizontal distance at the optical spot SP10 or SP20 can be detected by the wave number of the sub-carrier signal S _SC .

Further horizontal position detection circuit 75, after counting the wave number N of subcarriers signals S _SC, light Supotsuto SP10 or SP20 magnitude of subcarriers signal S becomes expressed in wave number of _SC value M 1
It is possible to count the value M / 2 of / 2, which allows the optical spot SP10 or SP2 from the scanning start end on the imaging surface 55A.
The horizontal distance X1 or X2 (FIGS. 6 and 10) to the center position of 0 is detected by the wave number N of the sub-carrier signal S _SC , and the count value D _X is output to the multiplexer circuit 89. , Through the latch circuit 90 to the latch circuit 91.

The latch circuits 90 and 91 are adapted to operate in synchronization with the horizontal synchronizing signal S _H , and the latch circuits 90 and 91 respectively,
It is possible to obtain the count value D _X of two consecutive scan lines.

The comparator circuit 92 obtains a detection signal in which the signal level rises when the count value output from the latch circuit 90 becomes larger than the count value output from the latch circuit 91, and the signal level falls when the count value decreases, and Is output to the multiplexer circuit 93.

The multiplexer circuit 93 divides the detection signal by the _divided signal S _2V.
The latch circuits 94 and 95 are switched to output according to the signal level of.

The latch circuits 94 and 95 latch the count value output from the multiplexer circuit 89 at the falling timing of the detection signal.

Thus, for the scan lines that scan the centers of the optical spots SP10 and SP20 via the latch circuits 94 and 95, respectively,
The count values D _X1 and D _X2 are obtained and output to the subtraction circuit 96.

Therefore, the subtraction circuit 96 obtains an X-axis direction coarse adjustment output S _DX which indicates the horizontal coordinate position deviation Δx between the optical spots SP1 and SP2 by the wave number N of the sub-carrier signal S _SC , and the X-axis direction coarse adjustment output. Switch circuit 19X for S _DX (Fig. 2)
To the drive circuit 36 of the X-axis direction drive section 20X.

The drive circuit 36 drives the motor 35 so that the subtraction value approaches the polarity and the value of the subtraction value representing the coordinate position deviation Δx.

Therefore, in the light beam LA10 emitted from the main transmission / reception device 10, the azimuth of its optical axis is corrected so that the horizontal irradiation position of the light beam LA10 substantially coincides with the horizontal position of the optical spot SP20. The optical axis can be roughly adjusted in the horizontal direction in addition to the vertical direction.

In the case of this embodiment, the transmission / reception device to be communicated has the same configuration as that of FIGS. 2 and 4, and the main transmission / reception device 10 has the same fine adjustment optical axis direction as the configuration of FIG. It has an error detection circuit (not shown).

Therefore, also in the communication target transmission / reception device, by similarly roughly adjusting the optical axis of the light beam LA20 toward the light receiving unit 51 of the main transmission / reception device 10, the light beams LA10 and LA20 are transmitted / received to the communication target transmission / reception device side and the main transmission / reception device. It is possible to irradiate the fine-adjustment detectors (V1X, V2X, H1X, H2X) on the device 10 side to perform optical axis alignment to the extent that each fine-adjustment mode can be executed.

In the above configuration, the light beam LA10 transmitted from the main transmitter / receiver 10 has a range in which the light beam LA10 can execute the fine adjustment mode (that is, the light beam LA10 is a fine adjustment optical detector V1X, V2X and H1X, H2X (Fig. 5)
If the irradiation is outside the range (irradiation range), the switch circuits 19X and 19Y of the azimuth adjustment circuit 16 select the Y-axis coarse adjustment output S _DY and the X-axis coarse adjustment output S _DX to perform coarse adjustment. By executing the adjustment mode, the azimuth adjustment circuit 16 causes the light spots SP10 and SP, as described above with reference to FIG.
It operates so that the values of the coordinate position deviations Δy and Δx of 20 converge to a range that can be finely adjusted by the main transceiver.

In an actual communication system, at the same time, coarse adjustment of the optical axis azimuth is similarly performed in the communication target transceiver.

Thus, when the values of the coordinate position deviations Δy and Δx of the optical spots SP10 and SP20 converge within a range in which the optical axis azimuth can be finely adjusted, the adjustment deviation detection circuit 21 causes the switch circuits 19X and 19Y on the main transmitter / receiver 10 side. By switching between, the data is transmitted from the communication target transmission / reception device. Select the fine adjustment servo error signals S _VV and S _VH side fine adjustment outputs S _MX and S _MY to execute the fine adjustment mode.

According to the above configuration, the coarse adjustment mode and the fine adjustment mode are switched based on the calculation results of the Y-axis direction coarse adjustment output S _DY and the X-axis direction coarse adjustment output S _DX of the optical spots SP10 and SP20. , Once the coarse adjustment mode is started, it is possible to switch between the coarse adjustment mode and the fine adjustment mode based on the irradiation position of the light beam LA10, whereby the worker can adjust the coarse adjustment mode and the fine adjustment mode according to the irradiation position of the light beam LA10. It is possible to always converge the irradiation position of the light beam LA10 on the light receiving unit of the communication target transmission / reception device without performing a complicated work such as manually switching the fine adjustment mode.

For this reason, the transmission / reception device to be communicated is configured to perform the same switching operation, so that the light beam is always emitted.
The irradiation position of the LA 20 can be converged on the light receiving unit 51 of the main transmitting / receiving device.

Thus, it is possible to always reliably transmit and receive information as the entire bidirectional transmission system.

In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to the optical space transmission device configured to transmit information bidirectionally is described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and information is transmitted unidirectionally. It can also be widely applied to the optical space transmission device when the optical axis adjusting light is sent from the receiving side.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the optical axis of the light beam LA10 is finely adjusted in the main transmitting / receiving apparatus 10 and the optical axis of the light beam LA20 is finely adjusted in the communication object transmitting / receiving apparatus has been described. However, the optical axis of the light beam can be finely adjusted in a practically sufficient range even if the optical axis is finely adjusted in one of the transmitting and receiving devices.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, when the coarse adjustment mode and the fine adjustment mode are switched, the Y-axis direction coarse adjustment output and the X-direction coarse adjustment output are set.
The switching operation is performed based on the result of adding the axial coarse adjustment outputs, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the signal level of the Y-axis coarse adjustment output and the signal level of the X-axis coarse adjustment output. It is possible to obtain the same effect by using other calculation methods, such as performing a switching operation based on the result obtained by squaring and then adding.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the case where the optical axis direction is detected and adjusted using the video signal obtained from the television camera is described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the operator visually confirms the monitor 13. However, a method such as manually adjusting the optical axis may be used.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the case where the shutters 65 and 66 made of liquid crystal optical elements are alternately opened and closed, but not limited to the shutter made of liquid crystal optical elements, other electric type shutters, and further mechanical type It can be widely applied to shutters and the like.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, the shading plate 90 provided with the cutout portion 90A at a predetermined angle is attached to the shutters 65 and 66.
Alternatively, it may be provided on the optical path and rotated by the motor 91 in synchronization with the vertical synchronizing signal.

H Effect of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, based on the irradiation position error of the light beam sent to the transmission / reception device as the communication target,
By switching the coarse adjustment mode and the fine adjustment mode of the optical axis direction on the transmitting side to adjust the optical axis,
It is possible to always reliably irradiate the light beam to the transmission / reception device as the communication target, and thus to realize the optical space transmission device that can always reliably transmit information.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a transmitter / receiver of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the transmitter / receiver, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a light beam transmitter / receiver, and FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view thereof. , Fifth
The figure is a schematic diagram showing an optical axis direction error detection circuit for fine adjustment.
7 and 7 are schematic diagrams showing the image pickup surface, FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the adjustment circuit section, FIG. 9 is a signal waveform diagram used for explaining the operation, and FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the image pickup surface. Diagram, Fig. 11 is a signal waveform diagram for explaining the operation of the vertical position detection circuit.
FIG. 12 is a signal waveform diagram for explaining the operation of the horizontal position detection circuit, FIGS. 13 and 14 are schematic diagrams showing another embodiment of the shutter, and FIG. 15 is a schematic plan view showing a conventional example. Is. 10 …… Main transmitter / receiver, 13 …… Display device, 16 …… Direction adjustment circuit, 17 …… Tight adjustment circuit, 18 …… Fine adjustment circuit, 20 …… Light beam transmitter / receiver, 20X …… X axis direction drive Department, 20Y …… Y
Axial drive unit, 21 …… Adjustment deviation detection circuit, 30 …… Transmitting / receiving optical system, 50 …… Laser light source, 51 …… Light receiving unit, 52,52X ……
Transmitter / receiver lens, 55 …… Television camera, 56 …… Collimating scope.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An optical space transmission device having first and second transmission / reception devices for mutually transmitting an optical beam modulated by an information signal between the first and second transmission / reception devices. Two-dimensional position detection for detecting a relative error between the extracted light beam obtained by extracting a part of the light beam transmitted from the second transmitting / receiving device and the optical axis adjusting light emitted from the second transmitting / receiving device. Means, based on the relative error of the extracted light beam and the light for adjusting light detected by the two-dimensional position detection means,
Coarse adjustment means for coarsely adjusting the optical axis direction of the light beam; fine adjustment means for finely adjusting the optical axis direction of the light beam based on the fine adjustment signal emitted from the second transmitting / receiving device; And a switching means for switching from the rough adjusting means to the fine adjusting means when the relative error converges within a predetermined range.