JPH0643159Y2 - Coal gasification combustion equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a coal gasification combustor for a coal-fired boiler or the like, and particularly to an improvement in slag collection efficiency.

[Prior Art] FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional side view showing an example of a conventional coal gasification and combustion apparatus, FIG. 5 is a VV cross sectional view of FIG. 4, and FIG.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of the figure.

In these figures, 1 is a rigid cylindrical combustor body, 2
Is a primary air-fuel mixture supply pipe opened at the upper end of the combustor body 1, 3 is an adjusting cone attached to the opening of the homogenous air-fuel mixture supply pipe 2, and 4 is a combustor for giving a swirl flow to the gas flow. A secondary air supply pipe 5 opened on the side wall of the main body 1 in the tangential direction of a circle centered on the axis of the combustor body 1 has an upper end opened near the lower axis of the combustor body 1 and a lower end burned. A cylindrical product gas extraction pipe extending to the bottom of the container body 1, 6
Is a product gas pipe that is connected laterally orthogonal to the product gas extraction pipe 5 and penetrates the side wall of the combustor body 1, 7 is a cylindrical notch at the lower end of the product gas extraction pipe 5, and 8 is provided at the bottom of the combustor body 1. The slag tap 9 is a slag bin connected to the lower end of the slag tap 8. 20 is a coal crusher.

The combustor main body 1 has a rigid structure, and the primary air-fuel mixture 19 is introduced into the combustor main body 1 from the primary air-fuel mixture supply pipe 2 opened at the upper end portion. The degree of spread of the primary air-fuel mixture 19 is the adjustment cone 3
It is adjusted by moving up and down. The inside of the combustor body 1 is maintained at a high temperature, and the primary air-fuel mixture 19 immediately ignites and starts combustion. In addition, from the secondary air supply pipe 4 to the combustor body 1
Secondary air is injected at a high speed in the tangential direction of and forms a strong swirling flow in the combustor body 1. Therefore, the fuel and air are rapidly mixed, and stable and rapid swirl combustion is performed.

The molten ash generated by the above combustion adheres to the peripheral wall of the combustor body 1 to form a slag layer, and falls from the slag tap 8 into the slag bin 9. On the other hand, the combustion product gas changes its direction by 90 degrees from the inside of the product gas extraction pipe 5, and is taken out through the product gas pipe 6 to the outside. Here, the flow velocity in the produced gas extraction pipe 5 is
Since the flow passage area is narrowed, the fine ash not sufficiently separated by centrifugal force collides with the bottom surface of the combustor body 1 due to inertial force, and adheres and separates. The slug that has adhered and separated here flows down along the bottom surface, passes through the cylindrical cutout portion 7 provided at the lower end of the produced gas extraction pipe 5, passes through the slag tap 8, and falls into the slag bin 9.

[Problems to be solved by the device]

The conventional coal gasification and combustion device has the following problems.

1) Since the produced gas extraction pipe 5 is opened upward, the combustion gas remains in the combustor body below the opening. Moreover, since the lower portion of the combustor body 1 is not axisymmetric, a swirling flow is emitted. Therefore, the entire volume of the combustor body 1 is not effectively utilized.

2) Fine molten ash that has not been separated by centrifugal force or slag that has adhered to the wall surface and has been re-scattered due to separation or the like enters the generated gas extraction pipe 5 together with the generated gas. In the conventional apparatus, the fine ash is collided with the bottom surface of the combustor to be separated, and is made to flow down from the cylindrical cutout portion 7 provided at the lower end of the produced gas extraction pipe 5 along the bottom surface as a separation slag, and dropped into the slag bin 9. However, according to the experiment, the produced gas extraction pipe 5
Since the flow velocity inside is high, the light slag is not separated from the product gas, but is transported to the high-speed airflow and the product gas pipe 6
It has been found that it is easy to deposit on.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to solve the above conventional problems, the present invention relates to a coal gasification and combustion apparatus that burns coal under a high heat load and discharges ash in the coal in a molten state, with a rigid tubular combustor body and the same combustion. A primary mixture supply pipe that opens at the upper end of the combustor body and introduces a mixture of coarse-grained pulverized coal and primary air, and multiple sidewalls above the combustor body below the opening of the same primary mixture supply pipe. A secondary air supply pipe that is tangentially opened to introduce fine pulverized coal with secondary air, a generated gas extraction pipe with an upper end opening near the lower axial line of the combustor body, and the generated gas extraction pipe. A coal gasification combustor comprising: a produced gas pipe connected to the combustor body and penetrating a side wall of the combustor body; and a slag tap communicating a lower end of the combustor body with a slag bin below the combustor body; and coal. Burns under high heat load and melts ash in coal In a coal gasification combustion device that discharges in a state, a rigid tubular combustor body, a primary air-fuel mixture supply pipe that is opened at the upper end of the combustor body, and introduces an air-fuel mixture of pulverized coal and primary air, A secondary air supply pipe that is tangentially opened to the upper side wall of the combustor body below the opening of the same-mixture supply pipe, and the lower end of the combustor body that is provided along the axis and has a lower end. The produced gas extraction pipe that opens near the bottom of the main body, the produced gas pipe that is connected to the upper end of the produced gas extraction pipe and penetrates the side wall of the combustor body, and the lower end of the combustor body that communicates with the slag bin below it. The present invention proposes a coal gasification and combustion apparatus characterized by including a slag tap that does.

[Action]

In the first invention, the fine pulverized coal is supplied tangentially from a plurality of side walls on the upper part of the combustor body, so that a strong centrifugal force is applied to the fine pulverized coal to achieve ideal swirl combustion. it can. Then, the fine ash adheres to the inner peripheral wall of the combustor body and falls into the slag bin while forming a slag layer.

Further, in the second invention, since the produced gas extraction pipe is opened downward, re-scattering of the slag from the wall surface is prevented, and the combustor volume is effectively used, so that the substantial retention time of gas is reduced. It can be taken long. Further, since the slag tap can be arranged at the center of the lowermost part of the combustor body, the shape of the combustor body can be made axisymmetric, which is effective for swirling combustion.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a vertical side view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a II-II cross sectional view of FIG. In these figures, the same parts as those of the conventional apparatus described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6 are designated by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 12 is a centrifugal separator for classifying the pulverized coal in the air-fuel mixture 19 fed from the coal crusher 20 into the granules 15 and the fine grains 16. Coarse-grained pulverized coal 15 is the primary mixture supply pipe 2 opened at the upper end of the combustor body 1 as in the conventional case.
Is charged into the main body 1 of the combustor. On the other hand, fine-grained pulverized coal 16
After leaving the centrifugal separator 12, it is separated into two directions by a distributor 13 and is fed together with the secondary air from the fine coal supply pipes 14 respectively arranged in the two secondary air supply pipes 4a, 4a. Combustor body 1
It is thrown in.

As described above, in this embodiment, the pulverized coal is classified into the coarse particles 15 and the fine particles 16 by the centrifugal separator 12, and the coarse particle pulverized coal 15 is supplied from the center of the upper end of the combustor body 1 as in the conventional case. On the other hand, the fine-grained pulverized coal 16 is ejected tangentially along with the secondary air from the two upper side surfaces of the combustor body 1. As a result, a strong centrifugal force is applied to the fine-grained pulverized coal 16, and the molten ash after combustion adheres to the inner peripheral wall of the combustor body 1 and falls into the slag bin 9 while forming a slag layer. Therefore, continuous operation of coal gasification is possible without molten ash being accumulated in the generated gas pipe 6 and light chars and slag from being re-dispersed. Further, in this embodiment, since the secondary air supply pipes 4a are plural, ideal swirl combustion can be achieved and high combustion efficiency can be obtained.

Next, FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.
Also in this figure, the same parts as those described above are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In this embodiment, the lower end of the cylindrical product gas extraction pipe 25 is
A product gas pipe 26, which is opened downward in the center of the lower part of the combustor body 21, and which is horizontally connected to the upper end of the product gas extraction pipe 25, extends through the side wall of the combustor body 21 to the outside. ing. 28 is a slag tap having an upper end opened at the center of the bottom of the combustor body 21 immediately below the opening of the produced gas extraction pipe 25,
A slag bin 29 is connected to the lower end of the slag tap 28. In FIG. 3, 22 is a primary air-fuel mixture supply pipe, 23 is an adjusting cone, and 24 is a secondary air supply pipe.

The coarse particles in the pulverized coal fuel burn on the wall surface and the fine particles float and burn in the air stream, and the molten ash flows down while adhering to the peripheral wall to form a slag layer, and falls from the slag tap 28 to the slag bin 29. Here, the slag adhering to the wall surface will not be scattered again. Combustion product gas that does not contain coarse powder is a product gas extraction pipe 25
The direction is changed by 90 degrees, and the product gas is taken out through the produced gas pipe 26.

In this embodiment, the produced gas extraction pipe 25 is a combustor body.
Since the slag tap 28 is opened downward in the center of the lower part of the 21 and the slag tap 28 is arranged immediately below it, high-temperature gas flows near the slag tap 28, which keeps the slag tap 28 at a high temperature and stabilizes the discharge of slag. Be converted. Moreover, since the generated gas outlet is downward, it is possible to prevent the slag from re-scattering from the wall surface, and a high slag removal rate is achieved. Furthermore, since the shape of the combustor body 21 can be made axially symmetrical, ideal swirl combustion is achieved and high combustion efficiency is obtained.

[Effect of device]

In this invention, the molten ash is not accumulated in the generated gas pipe, the char is not re-dispersed in advance, the high slag removal rate is achieved, and the coal gasification can be continuously operated. Further, ideal swirl combustion can be realized, and high combustion efficiency can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional coal gasification and combustion apparatus, and FIG. 5 is a V- of FIG.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-VI, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG. 1,21 …… Combustor body, 2,22 …… Primary mixture supply pipe, 3,23 …… Adjustment cone, 4,4a, 24 …… Secondary air supply pipe, 5,25 …… Generated gas extraction pipe , 6,26 …… Generated gas pipe, 7 …… Cylinder notch, 8,28 …… Slag tap, 9,29 …… Slug bin, 12 …… Centrifuge, 13 …… Distributor, 14 …… Fine granules Charcoal supply pipe, 15 …… Coarse grain pulverized coal, 16 …… Fine grain pulverized coal, 19 …… Primary air mixture, 20 …… Coal crusher.

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A coal gasification and combustion apparatus for burning coal with a high heat load and discharging ash in the coal in a molten state, wherein a vertical cylindrical combustor body and an opening at an upper end of the combustor body are provided. A primary mixture supply pipe for introducing a mixture of pulverized coal and primary air, and a fine pulverized fine powder that is tangentially opened at a plurality of side walls above the combustor body below the opening of the same primary mixture supply pipe. A secondary air supply pipe for introducing charcoal together with secondary air, a produced gas extraction pipe whose upper end opens near the lower axis of the combustor body, and a side wall of the combustor body connected to the produced gas extraction pipe. A coal gasification combustor, comprising: a product gas pipe that penetrates through; and a slag tap that communicates a lower end of the combustor body with a slag bin below the combustor body. 2. A coal gasification and combustion apparatus for burning coal under a high heat load and discharging ash in the coal in a molten state, and a vertical cylindrical combustor body, and fine powder which is opened at an upper end portion of the combustor body. A primary mixture supply pipe for introducing a mixture of charcoal and primary air, and a secondary air supply pipe tangentially opened to a sidewall of the upper portion of the combustor body below an opening of the same primary mixture supply pipe,
A product gas take-out pipe that is provided along the axis at the bottom of the combustor body and has a lower end that opens near the bottom of the combustor body, and a top end of the product gas take-out pipe that is connected to the side wall of the combustor body. A coal gasification and combustion apparatus comprising: a produced gas pipe; and a slag tap that connects a lower end of the combustor body to a slag bin below the combustor body.