JPH0642062U - Polishing machine tool post reciprocating device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] A grinding machine base 5 having a grinding wheel for grinding 2 and guide rails 4 and 6, and a tool rest 8 to which a tool 12 to be ground is attached and which is guided by the guide rails 4 and 6. In the polishing machine provided, the reciprocating motion of the tool rest 8 is made smooth. [Structure] A switch that detects the timing of approaching the stroke end, and after the switch operates,
An applied voltage control device is provided which gradually reduces the effective applied voltage to the motor, inverts the polarity after a lapse of a predetermined time, and then gradually increases the applied voltage. When the motor approaches the stroke end, the motor is decelerated, then stopped, and then smoothly accelerated in the opposite direction.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to an apparatus for polishing a blade such as a planer blade by sliding it on a rotary grindstone in a state where the blade is attached to a tool rest, and more particularly to a device for smoothly reciprocating the tool rest.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 An example of a conventional polishing machine is shown in the microfilm of Japanese Utility Model Application No. 62-2101. This polishing machine is equipped with a polishing machine base having a rotating grindstone for polishing and a guide rail, and a tool rest that slides while being guided by the guide rail with the tool attached. An electric motor is provided to slide the tool rest, and the rotation of the motor is transmitted to the tool rest by a rack-and-pinion rotation / linear motion conversion device. The polishing machine base is equipped with a switch that is activated when the tool rest reaches the stroke end.When this switch is activated, the applied voltage to the electric motor for slide is set to zero, and the state of zero is maintained for a certain period of time. After that, the applied voltage for rotating in the opposite direction is gradually increased.

[0003]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 According to the above tool post polishing device, the motor is stopped when the tool post reaches the stroke end. Then, after the motor stops for a while, the motor starts reverse rotation. At this time, since the motor is gradually accelerated, the reciprocating motion of the tool rest is relatively smooth. However, the inventors of the present invention have conducted various experiments, and according to the above-mentioned conventional technique, when the turret reaches the stroke end and the turret is stopped, the motor is suddenly shut off. It was found that a shock was applied to the surface, and that the polished surface was not uniform due to this shock. Therefore, the present invention is to develop a tool post reciprocating device that can realize a smooth reciprocating motion of the tool post.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 Therefore, according to the present invention, in a polishing machine having a polishing machine base having a rotary grinding stone for polishing and a guide rail, and a tool rest mounted with a tool to be polished and guided by the guide rail, the tool rest A forward / reverse electric motor that slides, a rotary-linear motion conversion device that transmits the rotation of the electric motor to the tool rest, a switch that operates when the tool rest approaches the stroke end, and the switch And the applied voltage control device for gradually decreasing the effective applied voltage of the electric motor, inverting the polarity of the applied voltage when a predetermined time has elapsed, and then increasing the effective applied voltage. Created.

[0005]

[Action]

 According to the tool post reciprocating device having this structure, the voltage applied to the motor is gradually reduced after the tool comes close to the stroke end and the switch is actuated, so that the motor rotational speed gradually decreases. This state continues for a while, and the motor rotation speed becomes sufficiently low. The polarity of the applied voltage is reversed when the motor speed becomes sufficiently low, and the voltage at the time of reversal is relatively low, so the motor stops smoothly and then starts reversing. After that, as the applied voltage is gradually increased, the motor rotation speed also increases, and the tool rest moves in the opposite direction at a predetermined speed.

During this time, the shock generated in the motor is extremely small, and the tool rest smoothly reciprocates. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the temporary stop period of the motor, which is required in the conventional technique. Moreover, it is possible to eliminate a shock when the motor is stopped.

[0007]

【Example】

 Next, an embodiment embodying the present invention will be described. In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 5 indicates a grinder base, on which a rotary grinding wheel 2 for polishing and guide rails 4, 6 are provided. The guide rails 4 and 6 linearly extend in the left-right direction in FIG. 1, and the upper surface of the guide rail 4 has a V-shaped cross section. A tool rest 8 which is guided by the guide rail 4 and slides in the left-right direction in FIG. 1 is provided, and a V-shaped protrusion 8a which fits into the V groove is formed on the lower side of the tool rest 8. ing. A tool 12 can be attached to the tool rest 8 with a fixture 14, and when the tool 12 is attached to the tool rest 8 with the fixture 14 and the bolt 16, the polishing surface 12a of the tool 12 contacts the rotary grindstone 2. It is possible to adjust the contact position.

While being guided by the guide rails 4 and 6, the tool rest 8 can reciprocate by either manual operation by the handle 60 or automatic feeding by the motor 40. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the knob 70 is pulled out and automatic feeding by the motor 40 is selected. A first gear 44 is attached to the output shaft 42 of the motor 40, and a second gear 46 is meshed with the first gear 44. A third gear 48 is coaxially fixed to the second gear 46, and a fourth gear 50 meshes with the third gear 48. The fourth gear 50 is loosely fitted around the shaft 72, and its movement in the axial direction is prohibited by the gear box 51.

As shown in FIG. 5, a key groove 52 and a circumferential groove 56 are formed on the inner surface of the fourth gear 50. On the other hand, the shaft 72 is provided with holes 84 in the radial direction as shown in FIG. When the fourth gear 50 is assembled to the shaft 72, the iron ball 90 is housed in the hole 84 in a state of being urged by the spring 92 toward the side where it is ejected, as shown in FIG. The shaft 72 can be moved in the axial direction by the knob 70. In the state shown by the solid line in FIG. 2, the iron ball 90 fits in the key groove 52, and the shaft 72 is rotated by the fourth gear 50. On the other hand, as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 2, when the knob 70 is pushed and the shaft 72 slides backward, the iron ball 90 moves to the circumferential groove 56, and the fourth gear 50 and the shaft 72 rotate independently of each other. .

A pinion 74 is fixed to the rear end of the shaft 72, and this pinion 74 meshes with a rack 76 fixed to the tool rest 8 with a bolt 78. The pinion 74 meshes with the rack 76 in both the state shown by the solid line and the state shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, an annular groove 64 is formed in the boss portion of the handle 60, and a pin 66 is fitted therein. Therefore, the handle 60 cannot rotate in the axial direction and can rotate. The boss portion of the handle 60 is formed with a hole 62 that reaches the shaft hole in the radial direction, and the iron ball 87 is housed therein in a state of being biased by the spring 86 toward the shaft hole side. . The hole 62 is closed by a cap 88. On the other hand, in the shaft 72, a key groove 80 and a circumferential groove 82 are formed as shown in FIGS. In the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 2, that is, in the position where the knob 70 is pulled out, the iron ball 87 fits into the circumferential groove 82, and the handle 60 and the shaft 72 rotate independently (in this state, as described above, The shaft 72 is rotated at 40). On the other hand, when the knob 70 is fed, the iron ball 87 is fitted into the key groove 80 and the handle 60 and the shaft 72 rotate together (at this time, the motor 40 and the shaft 72 rotate independently of each other). In this way, by pulling out the knob 70, the shaft 72 is rotated by the motor 40, and by pushing in the knob 70, the shaft 72 is rotated by the handle 60.

As shown well in FIG. 1, plates 20 and 30 can be fixed to the left and right of the tool rest 8. The plates 20 and 30 are provided with elongated holes 24 and 34, and the left and right positions of the plates 20 and 30 can be adjusted by loosening the screws 22 and 32. The plates 20 and 30 are provided with actuating pieces 26 and 36, and the actuating pieces 26 and 36 are displaced in the position perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG.

A switch 100 that operates when the tool rest 8 approaches the stroke end is provided on the front surface of the polishing machine base 5. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the switch 100 has a rotary cylinder 106 and operating rods 102 and 104. The operating rod 104 operates when the tool rest 8 moves to the right in FIG. It is rotated clockwise by 26. On the other hand, when the tool rest 8 moves to the left in FIG. 1, the operating rod 102 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction by the operating piece 36. An eccentric cam 108 is fixed to the rear end of the rotary cylinder 106, and the eccentric cam 108 turns on / off the micro switch 110. With this configuration, the micro switch 110 is turned on / off when the tool rest 8 approaches the stroke end. That is, it turns on when approaching the right stroke end, and turns off when approaching the left stroke end. A main switch SW1 (38) is provided at the lower right of FIG.

FIG. 7 shows an electric circuit of this polishing machine, and the operation state thereof is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the main switch SW1 (38), the triac 206, the induction motor 40, and the relay (X1) are connected in series to the power source, and drive power is applied to the motor 40. Has been done. The motor 40 is set to rotate normally when the D contact is closed (at this time, the turret 8 moves to the left), and reversely rotate when the E contact is closed (the turret 8 moves to the right).

A phase control circuit 202 is connected to the triac 206, and a rotation speed setting circuit 200, a rotation speed detection circuit 204, and a voltage V3 input circuit described later are connected to the phase control circuit 202. The rotation speed setting circuit 200 is a circuit for setting the traveling speed of the tool rest 8, and can be set in advance by the operator. The rotation speed detection circuit 204 can detect the actual rotation speed of the motor 40.

On the other hand, the power supply circuit 208 is connected to the commercial power supply, and the power supply circuit 208 outputs the stabilized voltage Vcc. A switch SW2 (110) that turns on and off when the stroke end is approached is provided between the stabilized voltage Vcc and the ground. As described above, the B contact is closed when the turret 8 moves to the right, and the A contact is closed when the turret moves to the left. The capacitor C1 is connected to the C contact of the switch SW2 (110), and the capacitor C2 is further connected via the resistor R2.

The stabilized voltage Vcc is divided by resistors R3, R4, R5 and R6, and the divided voltage VA is the plus terminal of the comparator COA, the voltage VB is the minus terminal of the comparator COB, and the voltage VC is the comparison. It is connected to the negative terminal of the container COC. The voltage V1 of the capacitor C1 is connected to the negative terminal of the comparator COA and the positive terminal of the comparator COC, and the voltage V2 of the capacitor C2 is connected to the positive terminal of the comparator COB. The output of the comparator COB is applied to the gate of the transistor TR, and the coil of the relay (X1) is connected to the transistor TR in series. When the coil of the relay (X1) is energized, the D contact of the relay X1 is turned on, and when the coil is de-energized, the E contact of the relay X1 is turned on. That is, the polarity of the voltage applied to the motor 40 is switched by turning on / off the transistor TR.

The outputs V3 of the comparators COA and COC are input to the phase control circuit 202. The output V3 becomes high when both the comparator COA and the comparator COC are on, and becomes low when either one or both of them is off.

The phase control circuit 202 is composed of a microcomputer system and executes the programs shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. (a) is the main program, and unless the interrupt processing of (b) is executed, the processing of this main program is repeatedly executed. In this process, the rotation speed detected by the rotation speed detection circuit 204 is compared with the rotation speed set in the rotation speed setting circuit 200, and if the former is larger than the latter (Yes in step S2), the triac 206 By delaying the ignition timing, the effective applied voltage applied to the motor 40 is lowered and the rotation speed of the motor 40 is lowered (step S4). On the other hand, if the former is smaller than the latter (NO in step S2), the effective timing voltage applied to the motor 40 is increased by advancing the ignition timing of the triac 206 to increase the rotation speed of the motor 40 (step S6). As a result, the rotation speed of the motor 40 is feedback-controlled so as to reach the set value.

While the main program is being repeated, when the voltage V3 changes from low level to high level, the program of (b) is executed by interruption (step S8). At this time, the timing is started in step S10, and the ignition timing is delayed in step S12. This is repeated until T1 time passes. As a result, the effective applied voltage of the motor 40 is gradually decreased during the time T1. Then, after the elapse of T1 time, the result of step S14 is YES, so the ignition timing is advanced next (step S16). Then, when the time T1 + T2 has elapsed, that is, when the effective applied voltage for the time T2 has been gradually increased, this interrupt processing is terminated and the process returns to the main program of FIG. 8 (a).

The operation performed by the above circuit will be described below. First, the operator turns on the main switch SW1. At this time, since the capacitors C1 and C2 are not charged, V1 = V2 = 0, the output of the comparator COB is off, and the transistor TR is off. Therefore, the E contact of the relay (X1) is on (the tool rest 8 moves to the right in this state). At this time, since the comparator COC is off, the interrupt processing shown in FIG. 8 (b) is not performed and the main program shown in FIG. 8 (a) is executed. As a result, the motor 40 is speeded up to a predetermined speed.

When the tool rest 8 moves rightward and approaches the stroke end, the switch SW2 (110) switches from the B contact to the A contact. Then, the capacitors C1 and C2 start to be charged. As a result, the voltages V1 and V2 change as shown in (c) to (e) of FIG. Here, the voltage V2 rises later than the voltage V1 due to the capacity of the capacitor C2 and the resistor R2. When the voltage V1 exceeds VC, both the comparator COA and the comparator COC are turned on, and the voltage V3 becomes high. As a result, the program shown in FIG. 8 (b) is interrupted, and the voltage applied to the motor 40 is gradually reduced as shown in FIG. 9 (h). This state continues for T1 hour. After the passage of T1, the speed will be increased this time (step S16). On the other hand, the voltage V2 is also gradually increased, and V2 = VB is set after T1 has elapsed. Therefore, the comparator COB is turned on, the transistor TR is turned on, the coil of the relay (X1) is energized, and the relay (X1) is switched to the D contact side (Fig. 9 (g)). As a result, the polarity of the voltage applied to the motor 40 is reversed after T1. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9 (i), the motor 40 gradually becomes slower after the switch 100 is actuated, and once it becomes sufficiently slow, it is temporarily stopped and then gradually accelerated. At this time, the rotation speed of the motor 40 is reversed at a sufficiently slow speed W0, so that the rotation is smoothly reversed.

As shown in FIG. 9C, the voltage V1 further rises, the comparator COA is turned off, and the voltage V3 is once turned off. When the motor 40 rotates at a constant speed according to the main program of FIG. 8 (a) and reaches the opposite stroke end and the switch SW2 (101) switches from the A contact to the B contact, the capacitors C1 and C2 discharge electricity. . As a result, the comparator COA is turned on again, and the voltage V3 switches from low to high. Therefore, the processing of FIG. 8B is performed again, and the motor speed is reduced. When the voltage is reduced, the voltage V2 becomes equal to VB, the transistor TB is turned off, and the contact of the relay (X1) is switched to the E contact side. Thereafter, step S16 of FIG. 8 (b) is repeated, and the motor 40 is accelerated. This is repeated and the turret is repeatedly moved back and forth. FIG. 8 (i) shows the number of rotations of the motor 40 during the above processing, and the tool post 8 reciprocates smoothly according to this.

Although the induction motor is rotated in the forward and reverse directions in this embodiment, the type of motor is not limited to the induction motor. Further, the relay switches between forward and reverse, but this is only one embodiment. Furthermore, although the applied voltage is adjusted by adjusting the firing timing of the triac in this embodiment, the applied voltage can of course be adjusted by another method. Further, various switches such as a non-contact switch can be used as a switch for detecting the approach to the stroke end. Furthermore, the circuit of FIG. 8 and the program of FIG. 9 are merely examples, and the present invention can be realized by various modifications.

[0025]

[Effect of device]

 According to the present invention, since it is possible to reciprocate while reducing the shock given to the tool rest, the polishing surface becomes uniform and good polishing is performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a polishing machine according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the shaft 72.

4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a detailed view of a fourth gear 50.

FIG. 6 is a detailed diagram of a switch (SW2) 100.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an electric circuit.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a processing procedure.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the operation of the circuit.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Polishing rotary whetstone 2 Guide rails 4, 6 Tool post 8 Tool 12 Motor 40 Rotational linear motion conversion device (pinion 74 and rack 76) Switch 100 Applied voltage control device (phase control circuit) 202

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A polishing machine having a polishing machine base having a polishing grindstone and a guide rail, and a tool rest mounted with a tool to be polished and guided by the guide rail. A reversible electric motor, a rotation / linear motion conversion device that transmits the rotation of the electric motor to the tool rest, a switch that operates when the tool rest approaches the stroke end, and a switch that operates when the switch operates. A tool post reciprocating device for a polishing machine, comprising: an effective voltage applied to an electric motor to be gradually reduced, a polarity of the applied voltage being inverted after a lapse of a predetermined time, and an applied voltage control device being capable of gradually increasing the effective applied voltage.