JPH06351222A - Heat motor using thermosensitive magnetic substance - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the conversion efficiency of low-temperature thermal energy by a method wherein, by utilizing a change in the permeability of the Curie point of a thermosenstive magnetic substance, thermal energy is converted into a change in a magnetic flux and then into rotating-machine energy. CONSTITUTION:When a thermosensitive magnetic substance 1U is cooled to the Curie point T0 or lower and a -1U is heated to the T0 or higher, the permeability of the 1U is high and that of the -1U is low. As a result, a magnetic flux which comes out from the N-pole of a field magnet 3U is passed through the thermosensitive magnetic substance 1U, and field magnetic poles 40, -4U, and it is returned to the S-pole of the field magnet 3U. Inversely, when the thermosensitive magnetic substance 1U is heated to the Curie temperature T0 or higher and the -1U is cooled to the T0 or lower, the permeability of the 1U is low and that of the -1U is high. As a result, a magnetic flux which comes out from the N-pole of the field magnet 3U is passed through field magnetic poles -4U, 411. In addition, the same is caused in the V-phase of a field unit. However, since the magnetic phase angle of the U-phase is deviated by 90 deg. from that of the V-phase, a rotating magnetic field can be generated by the U-phase and the V-phase. As a result, low-temperature thermal energy can be converted into mechanization energy with high efficiency.

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is an apparatus for converting a relatively low level of thermal energy below 150 ° C., which is an energy source which is currently unused, into mechanical energy. Currently, it is possible to recover low temperature thermal energy, which is almost abandoned socially and is abundant everywhere, and is used for industrial waste heat and solar water heaters from power plants, steelworks, garbage incinerators, etc. Drives air conditioners for home or business with the energy source of, and is used as a prime mover for pollution-free transportation such as a solar car, and is also applied to portable equipment such as lawn mowers, chainsaws, carpentry tools, etc. for small equipment. I can do things. Speaking of conventional low-level heat energy to mechanical energy converters, water is converted into steam to rotate a turbine, or a Stirling engine, which has recently been studied again, or There is a thermo-mechanical energy converter using shape memory alloy. The steam turbine and the Stirling engine require thermal energy of at least 150 ° or more, and the method using the shape memory alloy can operate at low temperature energy, but the energy conversion efficiency is high at about 10%. [0003] Problems to be solved by thermal energy equipment are problems of thermal durability and energy conversion efficiency. It is also necessary to reduce the size and weight. In this respect, since the present invention operates in a low temperature range, there is no problem of thermal durability, and the heat energy conversion efficiency and the weight of the device are higher than those of the conventional steam engine.
It goes without saying that it is also outstanding in terms of its proprietary volume. In order to solve the above problems, in the conventional steam engine, the volume change of the boiling point of water was used, but in the present invention, the Kikurie of the heat-sensitive magnetic material and the magnetic permeability of the point are used. (See FIG. 1) is used to convert the thermal energy into a magnetic flux change, which is converted into rotating mechanical energy. The structure of the present invention will be described for the case of the two-phase four-pole heat motor shown in FIG. (1U) Efficiency is high. This sand-grained heat-sensitive magnetic material has heat conduction and hysteresis magnetism, It [0006] V phase has a magnetic phase angle of 90 degrees (mechanical mounting angle of 45 degrees)
It is attached in a staggered manner. Reference numeral (5) is a rotor magnet or a cage rotor, which is magnetized to have four poles as shown in FIG. 8, and is connected to the shaft (6), the switching valve and the pump (7). In addition, an oil seal ring (12) is inserted to prevent leakage of heat energy supply fluid (hot / cold water, etc.). The conversion has a phase relationship as shown in FIG. The above components are housed in a case (13). In FIG. 2, the hot water inlet (8) and the cold water inlet (9) are shown.
The supplied heat energy supply fluid is heated by the switching valve and the pump (7) in the following manner: hot water-cold water-hot water-cold water. The basic description of this switching valve and pump (7) is given in the already filed Japanese Patent Application No. 4-38841. The structure of the switching valve and pump (7) used this time The ejection position from the pump (7) is taken out from the position shown in FIG. The phase relationship shown in FIG.
U) The thermal energy / time change of the fluid flowing into the discharge pipe (10 V) and the thermal energy / time change of the fluid flowing into the discharge pipe (10 V) have a transfer difference of 90 degrees (the discharge pipe extraction position is 45 degrees)
Deviated. [0010] The phase difference is 180 degrees (90 degrees at the discharge pipe extraction position) with respect to those flowing in the discharge pipes (10U) and (10V). [0011] Need to As shown in FIG. 1, the heat-sensitive magnetic material exhibits a drastic change in magnetic permeability with respect to the Curie point (To point) determined by the magnetic property of the magnetic material as a boundary. The magnetic flux can be conducted or blocked before and after. The Curie point (To point) is set at an arbitrary operating temperature (-15 ° C to +) by changing the composition of the thermolite.
It can be manufactured at 130 ° C. FIGS. 3 and 4 are diagrams in which only one phase of the field connit (U phase) of FIG. 2 is extracted for the purpose of explaining the operation. Now the thermosensitive magnetic material (1U) is cooled below the Curie point To, The magnetic flux emitted from the N pole of the net (3U) is a thermosensitive magnetic suspension (1
U), field magnetic pole (4 Return (path of arrow A) On the contrary, the thermosensitive magnetic material (1U) is the Curie point
Heat-sensitive magnetic material that is heated above To Passage) [0016] The same thing occurs in the field unit V phase of FIG. 2, but the magnetic phase angle of the field unit U phase and the field unit V phase is 90 degrees (mounting position angle is 45 degrees). Deviated When energy is supplied, a rotating magnetic field can be generated in the field unit U phase and the field unit V phase. Therefore, a force for rotating the rotor magnet or the cage rotor (5) which is mounted inside the U-phase and V-phase of the field unit and is magnetized to have four poles as shown in FIG. 8 is generated. FIG. 9 shows an example of a cage rotor, which has a structure in which two cage rotors that are the same as those used in an induction motor are joined. Since the switching valve and the pump (7) are directly connected to the rear portion of the heat motor shown in FIG. 2, it is necessary to start the heat motor manually or by using the starting motor. The rotation characteristics of the heat motor having this structure are exactly equivalent to those of a direct-winding type DC electric motor. FIG. 6 shows a structure in which the switching valve and the pump (7) are directly connected to the heat motor. The rotation direction of the magnetic field can be reversed, and the rotor magnet or the cage rotor (5) can be rotated in the reverse direction. Further, the switching valve and the pump (7) are removed from the heat motor body, and another small motor for control (25) is provided.
In the case of rotating the motor by the above-mentioned method, there is no problem at the time of starting as described above, and the rotation characteristic of the thermal motor in the case of this structure shows the characteristic equivalent to that of the synchronous AC motor or the induction AC motor. Therefore, in the system in which the switching valve and the pump (7) are separately driven, the rotational speed of the thermal motor can be freely changed by changing the rotational speed of the driving small motor (25). In the system in which the switching valve and the pump (7) are separately driven, when the rotation direction of the small driving motor (25) is reversed, the rotation direction of the rotating magnetic field is reduced. Can be reversed,
The rotor magnet or the cage rotor (15) can be rotated in the reverse direction. In the above description, the field heat magnetic pole has been described as having four poles, but other than four poles, a multipole heat motor such as two poles, six poles, eight poles, ten poles, etc. can be manufactured. It can be selected according to the rotation speed, torque characteristics, etc. Switching valve and pump for multi-pole heat motors You can do it. [First Embodiment] Although the operation of the present invention has been described with respect to a two-phase motor, a three-phase thermal motor can be obtained by adding another field conit W-phase. An example of this is shown in FIG. In the case of a high output motor, it is advantageous to use a three-phase type. Two
The difference from the phase motor is that the field unit is U phase V phase W
There are three phases, and the switching valve and pump. The number of discharge pipes taken out from (7) was increased from 4 to 6 and the phase angle was changed from 90 to 120 degrees. is there. FIG. 14 shows an example of a three-phase cage rotor, which has a structure in which three cage rotors that are the same as those used in an induction motor are connected. [Embodiment 2] FIG. 15 shows an application example of an air conditioning system utilizing solar heat energy as a power source of a home air conditioner. A hot water source obtained by a household solar water heater (15) as a heat energy source and a cold water source (or tap water or ground water obtained from a cold storage tank (18) by a cold water cooler (17) that stores low temperature at night. It may be used as a power source) and the temperature difference energy between the power source and the air conditioner. Waste heat from the air conditioner is added to the heat source to improve efficiency. Switching valve (27)
Is designed to return waste heat to the hot water side when cooling and to the cold water side when heating. In the heat motor, the switching valve and the pump (7) are driven by a small electric motor (25), and the rotation speed of the heat motor can be controlled by a temperature control signal. Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects. High energy conversion efficiency. Since a thermosensitive magnetic material with a low Curie point is used, it has become possible to convert low-temperature heat energy into mechanical energy, which was nearly impossible in the past, with high efficiency. It is a clean energy conversion device and does not generate waste gas. It can be used as a power source in a place where power is not supplied or is difficult to supply, and it can be portable.
Further, although it is difficult to store electricity, since the present invention uses thermal energy as a power source, it is possible to store thermal energy and take out mechanical energy as needed. It is small and lightweight. Unlike an electric motor, there is no danger of ignition, so it is basically an explosion-proof motor. [0032]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an example of a graph showing changes in magnetic permeability of a thermosensitive magnetic material with temperature. FIG. 2 shows a configuration diagram of a two-phase heat motor using a heat-sensitive magnetic material. FIG. 3 shows a structure diagram of a field magnetic pole corresponding to FIG. (Three-dimensional diagram) FIG. 4 shows a field magnetic pole structure diagram corresponding to FIG. (Cross-sectional view) FIG. 5 shows a structural diagram of a switching valve and a pump. FIG. 6 shows the switching valve of the two-phase four-pole heat motor and the discharge pipe extraction position of the pump. FIG. 7 shows the temperature of the fluid flowing in each discharge pipe of the two-phase four-pole heat motor for one hour. FIG. 8 shows the magnetization state of the two-phase four-pole rotor magnet. FIG. 9 shows an example of a two-phase cage rotor. FIG. 10 shows a configuration diagram of a 3-phase 6-pole heat motor using a heat-sensitive magnetic material. FIG. 11 shows a discharge valve extraction position of a switching valve and a pump of a three-phase six-pole heat motor. FIG. 12 shows the temperature of the fluid flowing in each discharge pipe of the three-phase six-pole heat motor for one hour. FIG. 13 shows a magnetized state of a three-phase six-pole rotor magnet. FIG. 14 shows an example of a three-phase cage rotor. FIG. 15 shows an application example of an air conditioning system using solar thermal energy as a power source. [Description of Reference Signs] 1U thermosensitive magnetic body positive side, U phase 1V thermosensitive magnetic body positive side, V phase 1W thermosensitive magnetic body positive side, W phase 2U Thermosensitive magnetic container positive side, U phase 2V Thermosensitive magnetic container positive side, V phase 2W Thermosensitive magnetic container positive side, W phase 3U field magnet positive side, U phase 3V field magnet positive side, V phase 3W field magnet positive side, W phase 4U field magnetic pole positive side, U phase 4V field magnetic pole positive side, V phase 4W field magnetic pole positive side, W phase 5 Rotor magnet or basket type rotor 6 Rotating shaft 7 Switching valve and pump 8 Hot water inlet 9 Cold water inlet 10U Discharge pipe positive side, U phase 10V Discharge pipe positive side, V phase 10W Discharge pipe positive side, W phase 11 Bearings 12 Oil Seal Ring 13 Case 14 Drain 15 Solar Water Heater 16 Heat Storage Tank 17 Water Cooler 18 Cooling Storage Tank 19 Heat Motor Using Thermosensitive Magnetic Material, 20 Compressor 21 Heat Exchanger 22 Fan and Fan Motor 23 Air conditioner outdoor unit 24 Air conditioner indoor unit 25 Small motor 26 for temperature control 26 Temperature controller 27 Switching valve

Claims (1)

What is claimed is: 1. A field magnet (3U) and a sand-grained heat-sensitive magnetic material (1U). Another field unit installed at a position where the magnetic phase angle differs from the U phase by 90 °. (2) using a thermosensitive magnetic body that drives a rotor magnet or a cage rotor (5) by alternately supplying a fluid that gives a temperature energy lower than the Curie point to the rotating magnetic field. Phase motor. 2. The same field unit as in claim 1, three U-phases,
The V phase and the W phase are installed at positions where the magnetic phase angles differ by 120 °, respectively, and a switching valve and a pump (7) A rotating magnetic field is created in the field pole by alternately supplying a fluid (water or oil, hydrogen gas, etc.) that gives a higher temperature energy than the Lee point and a fluid that gives a lower temperature energy than the Curie point, and then a rotor magnet or cage rotation A three-phase motor that uses a thermosensitive magnetic material that drives the child (5).