JPH06343352A - Air conditioner in greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an air condition capable of optimally keeping the growth environment of a cultivated plant by spreading a pair of cold or warm air- blowing pipes along both the sides of a thin and long plant cultivation bed disposed in a green house. CONSTITUTION:A pair of cold or warm air-blowing pipes 20 are spread along both the sides of a thin and long plant cultivation bed disposed in a greenhouse 1 expressed by the dashed line, and cold or warm air having a temperature conditioned with an air conditioning means 4 is blown out from the blowing pipes. Only the area expressed by the dotted line A is kept at a growth environment suitable for a cultivated plant.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heating and cooling device in a greenhouse, and particularly when growing a plant in a long and narrow bed, it is suitable for growing a plant to be cultivated by efficiently cooling the circumference of the bed in the summer at low cost. The present invention relates to a cooling device that can create an environment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a plant is cultivated in a greenhouse, an elongated plant-growing bed is used which contains soil or a fibrous mat which replenishes water and nutrients. Furthermore, since the optimum temperature of the part above the stem of the plant and the root part are generally different, a temperature control type plant cultivation bed intended to adjust the temperature of the root part separately from the temperature in the greenhouse is used. Sometimes used. In addition, as a method of controlling the temperature in the greenhouse, generally, warm air is blown from the heater in the winter to adjust the temperature, and in the summer the windows of the greenhouse are opened to take in the outside air, or a shade curtain is attached to direct sunlight. The method of adjusting by blocking is adopted.

[0003]

However, the temperature control in the greenhouse during the winter can be relatively easily performed by adjusting the temperature of the air blown from the heater and the amount of air flow. However, in the summer, it depends on the outside temperature and the weather. However, it was always difficult to control the temperature to a satisfactory level. In order to solve such a problem, it is possible to install an air conditioner in the summer and control the temperature in the greenhouse by the same method as in the winter.
However, since the cooling cost is generally much higher than the heating cost, there is a problem that uniform cooling in a large greenhouse cannot be commercially viable. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a new greenhouse cooling and heating device that creates an optimum environment for cultivated plants at low cost in the summer.

[0004]

That is, the greenhouse heating and cooling apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that a pair of cold and hot air blowing pipes are laid along both sides of a slender plant bed arranged in the greenhouse. To do. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cooling / heating device is provided, and a duct for circulating cold / hot air is used adjacent to the lower surface of the plant cultivation bed. Thereby, the ambient temperature above the stems and leaves in the upper part of the plant is adjusted by the cooling and heating device, and separately from that, the lower root part is maintained and adjusted to the optimum temperature by the duct adjacent to the bottom surface of the bed.

[0005]

The greenhouse air conditioner according to the present invention is a cultivation requiring temperature control by laying a pair of cold and hot air blowing pipes along both sides of a slender plant cultivating bed and adjusting the cold air blown out from the chilling air blowing pipes. The cooling area can be limited to the space around the plant. Therefore, the cooling cost (power consumption) can be remarkably reduced as compared with the method of uniformly cooling the entire greenhouse. When a duct is provided adjacent to the lower surface of the bed for plant cultivation, in addition to the above effects, the ambient temperature above the stems and leaves in the upper part of the plant is adjusted by the cooling and heating device, and separately from the lower part. The root part can be adjusted to the optimum temperature by the duct, and the growth environment of the plant can be maintained more optimally.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the greenhouse heating and cooling apparatus of the present invention. Further, FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view thereof. In this example, a temperature control type bed capable of separately controlling the temperature of the root portion is used as the plant cultivation bed 2 arranged in the greenhouse 1 shown by the one-dot chain line. The plant cultivation bed 2 has an elongated rectangular main body 3 and a temperature control means 4. The main body 3 has a side plate 5 and a lid 6, and the lid 6 is provided with a large number of plant insertion portions 7 along the longitudinal direction.

The temperature control means 4 is composed of a hard vinyl chloride air duct 8 (referred to as an agricultural biduct) through which cold and warm air for temperature control flows. The air duct 8 has a cylindrical shape with a circular cross section and is embedded in the ground adjacent to the lower surface of the plant cultivation bed 2. A hot and cold water coil tube 8a and a fan 8b are provided in the air duct 8 to provide a heat exchanger 28.
Make up. The cold / hot water coil is made of a highly heat-conductive metal material such as a copper pipe, and cold water or hot water flows inside. The coil tube 8a makes full use of the length of the long air duct 8, and is spiral in the radial direction of the duct and spiral in the axial direction, and extends in the longitudinal direction of the duct over a relatively long distance. It has been placed for a long time. Thereby, heat exchange between cold and hot water and air can be sufficiently performed by a simple device through the wall surface of the coil tube 8a. The present invention also includes this coiled tube arranged in a meandering shape.

The fan 8b is located on the windward side of the cold / hot water coil tube 8a, and blows air to the coil tube to supply it to the cold / hot air blowing tube. The outer circumference of the air duct 8 is cooled or warmed, and the bed 2 adjacent to the outer surface thereof is cooled and heated from the lower surface. The bottom of the main body 3 is formed of a waterproof sheet 9. As the waterproof sheet 9, for example, a sheet having a relatively good heat transfer property such as a waterproof cover for a vehicle, which is waterproofed by cloth, can be used. By thus forming the bottom portion of the main body 3 with a material having good heat conductivity, the bottom portion of the main body 3 and the upper portion of the air duct 8 are brought into contact with each other with good heat conductivity,
That is, heat contact is made.

A bulky fibrous mat 10 composed of a relatively thin layer is laid on the waterproof sheet 9. The fibrous mat 10 is provided for the purpose of supplying a liquid containing water and nutrients to the root of the plant and supporting the root portion, and the shape and the like are not particularly limited as long as it has such a function.
As the fibrous mat 10, for example, a woven or non-woven fabric made of natural or synthetic fibers can be used. The fibrous mat 10 is provided with a thickness that leaves a sufficient space above the main body 3. The preferable thickness is, for example, a value that leaves a space of about 90% in the main body 3. By leaving a space above the main body 3 in this way, the temperature inside the main body 3 is made uniform by diffusion. In addition, the roots of the plant can grow in an unobstructed free space, resulting in faster plant growth.

A liquid supply means 11 for spraying a liquid containing water and nutrients is provided in the space in the main body 3. The liquid supply means 11 is for spraying a liquid containing water and nutrients onto the roots of a growing plant, and is constructed by providing a large number of nozzles in a pipe such as a vinyl chloride pipe laid in the longitudinal direction of the main body 3. , Its end is connected to the liquid replenishing means by a supply pipe (not shown). Then, the liquid spray can supply water and nutrients to the roots of the plants and can wash away the pathogenic bacteria and the like attached to the roots.

The plant 12 has its stem inserted through an elastic cylindrical body 13 such as urethane foam, and the plant 6 is covered with a lid 6
It is attached to the main body 3 by inserting it from the plant inserting portion 7 provided in the. The roots extend horizontally and downwardly as they grow in the space, and the downwardly extending roots enter between the meshes of the fibrous mat 10 to further support water and nutrients from the liquid supported and retained therein. Is replenished. The bottom of the main body 3 is provided with a slope that gradually decreases in the longitudinal direction, and excess liquid flows down on the waterproof sheet 9 at the bottom to the downstream side. Then, the liquid is returned from the downstream end of the main body 3 to the liquid replenishing means through a drainage pipe.

A pair of cold and hot air blowing pipes 20 are laid along both sides of the bed for plant cultivation. The cold / hot air blowing pipe 20 is made of a flexible plastic pipe such as a soft vinyl chloride pipe, and a plurality of slits 21 for blowing air are intermittently provided on the side wall of the pipe. One end of the pipe and the air duct 8 are provided. Is in communication with one end of. Further, an air chamber 38 is provided in the greenhouse, an opening for return air is provided therein, and a damper 34 for opening and closing the opening is provided. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a supply device to the cold / hot air blowing pipe 20. The cold / hot air supply device 22 includes a heat storage tank 23 that stores cold water, a cooling / heating device 24 that cools and heats the water in the heat storage tank 23, pipes 25 and 26 laid between the heat storage tank 23 and the cooling / heating device 24, and a pump 27 and cold water. It is provided with a heat exchanger 28 for air, pipes 29 and 30 laid between the heat storage tank 23 and the heat exchanger 28, and a pump 31. The heat exchanger 28 includes a duct 32 for taking in air from the outside, a damper 33 and a filter device 34 for adjusting the air flow provided therein, a duct 35 for taking in return air from the greenhouse and an air flow adjusting provided therein. It has a damper 36 and a duct 37 for supplying cold / hot air to each cold / hot air blowing pipe 20 shown in FIG.

The operation of the greenhouse heating / cooling device will be described. First, the cooling / heating device 24 cools or heats the water stored in the heat storage tank 23 to produce cold / hot water having a predetermined temperature.
When the cooling and heating device 24 is operated by using the late-night power, cold and hot water can be produced at a lower cost. Next, the heat exchanger 28 is operated to exchange heat between the cold / hot water from the heat storage tank 23 and the return air from the duct 35, and the cold / hot air having a predetermined temperature is blown from the duct 37 to the cold / hot air blowing pipes 20 (FIG. 1). Send to. The cold / hot air blown out from each cold / hot air blowing pipe 20 is gradually diffused into the greenhouse, but the blowing amount is controlled by a damper or the like (not shown) provided at the connecting portion between the duct 37 and each cold / hot air blowing pipe 20. In the case of cooling, it is possible to maintain an effective cooling environment only in the area close to the periphery of the plant cultivation bed 2, for example, only the area indicated by the dotted line A in the greenhouse 1 in FIG. it can. External air is supplied from the duct 32 as needed. At this time, the filter device 34 provided in the duct 32 can prevent harmful insects and pathogenic bacteria from entering the greenhouse from the outside.

[0014]

As described above, according to the present invention, a pair of cold / hot air blowing pipes are laid along both sides of a slender plant-cultivating bed, and the cold air blown out from the pipes is adjusted to cultivate temperature control. The cooling area can be limited to the space around the plant. Therefore, the cooling cost (power consumption) can be significantly reduced as compared with the method of uniformly cooling the entire greenhouse. Also, if a long air duct is connected to the cold / hot air blowing pipe and the hot / cold water pipe is arranged in a coil or meandering shape in the duct, the length of the duct can be fully utilized, so heat exchange is comparatively possible. Even a simple device with poor performance can sufficiently exchange heat. As a result, it is possible to provide an economical heating and cooling device for plant cultivation. This is based on the use of the long air duct itself as a part of the heat exchanger. Further, when an air duct is provided adjacent to the lower surface of the bed for plant cultivation, in addition to the above effects, the ambient temperature above the stems and leaves in the upper part of the plant is adjusted by the cooling and heating device, and separately from the lower part. The root part of the plant can be maintained and controlled at an optimum temperature by a temperature control bed, and the plant growth environment can be maintained more optimally.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a greenhouse heating and cooling apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing an example of a cool / hot air supply device for the cool / hot air blowing pipe 20 in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a heat exchange system of the greenhouse heating and cooling apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 greenhouse 2 bed for plant cultivation 3 main body 4 temperature control means 5 side plate 6 lid 7 plant insertion part 8 air duct 8a cold / hot water coil 8b fan 9 waterproof sheet 10 fibrous mat 11 liquid supply means 12 plant 13 cylinder 20 cold / hot air blowing Pipe 21 Slit 22 Cold / hot air supply device 23 Heat storage tank 24 Cooling / heating device 25 Piping 26 Piping 27 Pump 28 Heat exchanger 29 Piping 30 Piping 31 Pump 32 Duct 33 Damper 34 Filter device 35 Duct 36 Damper 37 Duct 38 Air chamber

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A pair of cold and warm air blowing pipes 20 along both sides of a slender plant bed 2 arranged in a greenhouse 1.
A greenhouse heating and cooling system that is laid. 2. The cold / hot water pipe according to claim 1, wherein an air duct connected to the cold / hot air blowing pipe 20 is arranged along the bed 2, and cold / hot water is circulated in the air duct. A greenhouse heating and cooling device in which the coils are arranged in a coil shape or a meandering shape over a relatively long distance in the longitudinal direction of the duct. 3. The greenhouse heating and cooling device according to claim 2, wherein the air duct is arranged adjacent to a lower surface of the bed.