JPH06340752A - Covering material for agriculture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a covering material excellent in durability, dust preventive property, light transmission, alga-proofing property, etc., and useful for stretching on facilities for agriculture and horticulture, e.g. tunnel, pipe house and large- sized house. CONSTITUTION:The covering material for agriculture consists of a fluororesin film, except a film of ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene-based copolymer, wherein the molar ratio of ethylene/tratrafluoroethylene is in the range of (40/60) to (60-40) and the content of a perfluoroalkylvinyl monomer unit expressed by the formula CH2=CH-CnF2n+1 (n is integer of 2-10) is in the range of 0.1-10mol%.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

The present invention relates to an agricultural coating material, and more specifically, it has durability, dustproofness, and light transmittance for spreading in agricultural and horticultural facilities such as tunnels, pipe houses and large-scale houses.
The present invention relates to an agricultural coating material made of a fluorine resin film having excellent algae resistance.

Conventionally, polyethylene film, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film, polyester film, vinyl chloride resin film and the like have been used as coating materials for tunnels and pipe houses. It occupies the most in terms of price and heat retention. However, since the vinyl chloride resin film contains a plasticizer, the film surface is easily soiled by bleed-out of the plasticizer, and the light transmittance is reduced in a short period of time. Further, each of the above-mentioned films contains an ultraviolet absorber for improving weather resistance, but due to deterioration due to sunlight, temperature, wind and rain, oxidation, etc.
It is normal to have to switch over in two years. Moreover, the film containing the ultraviolet absorber as described above shields the ultraviolet light even if its activity is different, and is not suitable for the cultivation of crops that require the ultraviolet light (e.g., eggplant, certain flowers). , And crops that need to fly honey bees or sand flies for pollination (eg strawberries, melons,
It is also unsuitable for cultivation of watermelons, peppers, etc.).

On the other hand, in recent years, full-scale large-scale houses have been adopted for the purpose of labor saving of house management, expansion of cultivation area, and extension of house life. This large-sized house has conventionally been coated with polyester resin plate, polycarbonate resin plate, hard vinyl chloride resin plate, acrylic resin plate, fiber reinforced plastic plate, plate glass, etc. for long-term expansion of 5 years or more. However, since these coating materials have a large thickness, they must be spread by using a large-sized dedicated base material, which has the drawback that the workability is very complicated and relatively expensive. Further, polyester resin plate, polycarbonate resin plate, hard vinyl chloride resin plate, acrylic resin plate and the like have drawbacks such that cracks are likely to occur due to hail and the cracks are easily propagated. Moreover, since these plastic boards are generally blended with an ultraviolet absorber for improving weather resistance, crops such as eggplant and flowers that require ultraviolet light, or crops that require mating with insects such as melon and strawberry. Is not suitable for cultivation. Further, the plate glass is dangerous in case of breakage, and since it is heavier than the plastic plate, it is necessary to further strengthen the frame of the house.

Therefore, recently, from the viewpoint of economy, labor saving, diversification of demand, etc., it is excellent in durability, dustproofness, light transmittance, etc., and can be extended for a long period of time. There is a strong demand for the development of a covering material that can be widely used for crops and can be easily installed on a large-scale full-scale house and can be attached at a relatively low cost. As a result of studying various synthetic resin materials in order to meet such demands, the present inventors have found that fluororesin has a conventional agricultural coating in all aspects such as weather resistance, mechanical strength, flexibility, and light transmittance. It has excellent properties compared to the synthetic resin used as a material, and the film made from fluorine resin has excellent weather resistance even if it does not contain an ultraviolet absorber for improving weather resistance. It has high mechanical strength and flexibility, is strong against wind and rain and hail, has high resistance to temperature changes and oxidation, and can be extended for a long period of time. It is transparent and can be easily spread to large houses, not to mention tunnels and pipe houses, and it is not limited to a wide variety of crops that could not be used due to color and pollination. See what can be used for It has led to the completion of the out of the present invention.

According to the present invention, therefore, there is provided an agricultural coating material comprising a fluororesin film.

The fluorine resin used in the agricultural coating material of the present invention is a general term for synthetic resins obtained by polymerization of olefin containing fluorine. In the present invention, the fluorine content is generally 45. Those having a weight% or more, particularly 50 weight% or more are preferably used. Examples of such fluorine resin include ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene-based copolymer, ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene-based copolymer, hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene-based copolymer, perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether-
Examples thereof include tetrafluoroethylene-based copolymers, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polyvinyl fluoride. In the present invention, any of these can be used.
A tetrafluoroethylene-based copolymer is suitable.

The ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer is mainly composed of ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene (the molar ratio of ethylene / tetrafluoroethylene is generally 40/60 to 60/40), and if necessary, It is a copolymer of a small amount (usually 10 mol% or less) of the third comonomer component, and in the present invention, particularly, the ethylene / tetrafluoroethylene content molar ratio is 40 /
60-60 / 40, preferably 45 / 55-55 / 45
In the range of, and the formula _{CH 2 = CH-C n F} 2n + 1 ( wherein, n represents an integer of 2 to 10) perfluoroalkyl vinyl monomer unit represented by (e.g., CH ₂ = CH- C
Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene having a content of ₄ H ₉ or CH ₂ ═CH—C ₆ H ₁₃ derived from 0.1 to 10 mol%, preferably 0.3 to 5 mol%. A system copolymer is preferably used. This ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene-based copolymer is known per se and can be produced, for example, by the method described in JP-B-59-50163, and as a commercial product, Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.
It is also possible to use a commercially available product under the trade name of "Aflon ^R COP".

The film formation from the above-mentioned fluorine resin is carried out according to a method known per se, for example, an extrusion molding method,
It can be performed by an inflation molding method or the like.
At the time of film forming, if necessary, a coloring agent (for example, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, calcium carbonate, or fluorocarbon resin,
Precipitable silica, carbon black, chrome yellow, phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine green, etc.) can be added. Furthermore, since the inside of an agricultural house is generally hot and humid, and condensed water droplets tend to adhere to the inside of ceilings and walls, it is preferable to treat at least the inside surface of the film with a drip-free agent. Examples of the non-drip agent that can be used include a hydrophilic polymer, a surfactant, or a mixture of a hydrophilic polymer and a surfactant. As the hydrophilic polymer, in addition to polyvinyl alcohol, -SO ₄ ,
_{-SO 3 H, -COOH, -NH 2} , -CN, - (OCH 2
Generally, a polymer having a hydrophilic functional group such as CH ₂ ) is included, and the surfactant may be any of anionic, cationic and nonionic type.

If the thickness of the film is too thin, it is easy to tear, and if it is too thick, not only is it uneconomical, but it is inconvenient for the film work and the subsequent handling (cutting, bonding, spreading work, etc.). Further, the light transmittance may be lowered, so that it is generally convenient to set it within the range of 10 to 300 μ, preferably 20 to 200 μ.

The fluororesin film provided by the present invention is used as a covering material for agriculture in the same way as a usual covering material for agriculture. It can also be displayed in the house.

Therefore, the agricultural coating material comprising the fluorine resin film provided by the present invention has various remarkable effects which are not found in the conventional agricultural coating materials as described below. It is extremely large that it contributes to the field of agriculture, especially the field of farming and gardening.

(1) The agricultural coating material of the present invention has remarkably excellent weather resistance, durability, and long-term extension of 5 years or more, as compared with conventional synthetic resin-made agricultural coating materials. Can also endure. Therefore, it is possible to significantly reduce the time and effort for replacement and it is economical.

(2) The agricultural coating material of the present invention is highly flexible without using a plasticizer and has no tackiness, and therefore has very little adhesion of dust and dust (excellent dustproofness). Therefore, even if the film is stretched for a long period of time, the light transmittance of the film is hardly reduced, and the film can be used for a long period of time.

(3) Although the agricultural coating material of the present invention has a relatively thin film shape, it has high mechanical strength, flexibility and elasticity, and can withstand wind and rain and hail outdoors. Therefore, it can be fully used in a full-scale large house. Moreover, since the agricultural coating material of the present invention is in the form of a flexible film as described above, when it is spread on a full-scale large-scale house, it is specially used like when attaching a synthetic resin plate or a glass plate which has been conventionally used. It does not require any member and can be easily attached with an inexpensive device such as a spring or a vinyl petit, resulting in extremely good workability.

(4) The agricultural coating material of the present invention has the great advantage that no algae are attached or propagated, which is quite surprising.

Generally, the inside of a tunnel or a house is hot and humid, and it is originally under conditions where microorganisms and plants can easily reproduce. Algae are no exception, and in the tunnels and houses where the film is stretched, a phenomenon in which algae often propagate from the part of the film that touches the ground inside is often seen. If the algae are left to grow as they are, they grow steadily upward along the inner surface of the film, significantly obstructing the light transmission of the film, and damaging the growth of crops in tunnels and greenhouses. Algae are microscopic-sized organisms that live in surface water, have chlorophyll, have photosynthetic ability, and are often covered with adhesive substances, so algae attached to the film are physically scraped off. Is difficult.

Conventionally, there is no choice but to discard the film in which algae are generated, or to wait for the film to dry and naturally come off, and even in the case of a large house, it is difficult to do so. It was strongly desired to develop.

However, it has been found that the agricultural coating material of the present invention has no adhesion or reproduction of algae even after being spread over a long period of time, and is particularly suitable for a large-scale house. is there.

(5) Furthermore, the agricultural coating material of the present invention has extremely excellent weather resistance without using an ultraviolet absorber as a weather resistance improver, and not only in the visible light portion,
Since the sun rays in the ultraviolet and infrared parts are well transmitted, even for crops with limited cultivation in facility cultivation such as conventional tunnels and greenhouses, by using the agricultural coating material of the present invention, It can be possible.

For example, when an eggplant is cultivated under the covering of an agricultural covering material that shields ultraviolet rays, the yield of the eggplant and the size of the fruit are good, but the color of the fruit is pale (the eggplant color becomes pale). ), There is no commercial value as a poorly colored fruit, but when the eggplant is cultivated under the coating of the agricultural coating material of the present invention, the above drawbacks are completely eliminated, and the same fruit color as the fruit of the eggplant harvested by open field cultivation is obtained. It is possible to harvest the fruits of the eggplants that it has, and also the yield of fruits and the size of the fruits are good.

In addition, flowering plants such as gentian, peony, riatris, kyoto, and statice grow well but have a lighter flower color when cultivated under the coating of a UV-shielding agricultural coating material, resulting in a decrease in commercial value. However, when the flowers are cultivated under the coating of the agricultural covering material of the present invention, it is possible to harvest flowers having the same flower color as the flower color obtained by open field cultivation.

Furthermore, when pollinated fruit-bearing plants such as strawberries, melons, watermelons, bell peppers, etc., which need to fly bees, striped flies and the like for pollination, are cultivated under the coating of the above-mentioned ultraviolet ray-shielding agricultural coating material, the fruiting of fruits is achieved. Insufficient rate, occurrence of malformed fruit of the fruit occurs, which is not suitable for cultivating the plant, but when the plant is cultivated under the coating of the agricultural coating material of the present invention, the fruit setting rate of the fruit is improved. Further, there are advantages that the occurrence of malformed fruits is reduced and the yield of fruits and the size of fruits are improved. The `` pollinating fruit-bearing plant '' refers to a flower-visiting insect, for example, a plant cultivated with a bee as a pollination medium, and includes, for example, melons such as melon, miscellaneous melon, makuwauri, cucumber, watermelon, and Prince Melon; Solanaceae plants such as cabochia; Rosaceae plants such as strawberries;
Cherries, peaches, apples, pears, loquats such as loquats; vines represented by grapes; citrus unshiu, navel, citrus plants such as Iyokan, and the like, and the agricultural coating material of the present invention. Particularly preferably used plants are Cucurbitaceae plants, Solanaceae plants, Rosaceae plants,
Among them are melon, miscellaneous melon, prince melon, watermelon, pumpkin and strawberry.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples and Reference Examples.

[0024]

【Example】

Example 1 An autoclave having an internal volume of 10 liters was charged with 3.46 kg of trichloromonofluoromethane, 6.52 kg of trichlorotrifluoroethane, and 2.38 g of t-butylperoxyisobutyrate, and then futrafluoroethylene 12
26 g, ethylene 82 g, and perfluorobutyl ethylene _{(CH 2 = CH-C 4} F 9) is charged with 26 g. While sufficiently stirring this mixture, the reaction temperature is kept at 65 ° C. to allow the copolymerization reaction to proceed. During the progress of the copolymerization reaction, a mixed gas of tetrafluoroethylene / ethylene / perfluorobutylethylene with a molar ratio of 53 / 46.3 / 0.7 was introduced into the system,
The polymerization pressure is maintained at 15.0 kg / cm ² . 5 hours later 46
0 g of white copolymer was obtained. The copolymer is C ₂ F ₄ / C ₂
The content molar ratio of H ₄ / CH ₂ = CHC ₄ F ₉ is 53/46.
The temperature was 3 / 0.7, the flow starting temperature was 267 ° C, and the thermal decomposition starting temperature was 360 ° C.

The ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as "ETFE") obtained above was extruded at a resin temperature of 320 ° C. to produce a film having a thickness of 60 μm. The obtained film was used as coating material No. 1 and subjected to various tests, and the results are summarized in Table 1 below.

Comparative Examples 1 to 4 Six Light Three Nine (Teijin Co., Ltd. polyester super durable agricultural hard film) was used as the covering material No. 2 (Comparative Example 1), and Bonset (tomato and cucumber cultivation by CII Kasei Co., Ltd.) was used. Biaxially stretched hard agricultural bi-film, thickness of 0.
1 mm) as the covering material No. 3 (Comparative Example 2), Murasaki Ace
(Mitsubishi Kasei Vinyl Co., Ltd., ray-selective soft agricultural bifilm for litter, thickness 0.1 mm) was used as coating material No. 4 (Comparative Example 3), and Novi Ace (Mitsubishi Kasei Vinyl Co., Ltd. general agricultural bifilm, thickness 0) Coating material No. 5 (comparative example 4)
Then, various tests were conducted in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are summarized in Table 1 below.

The wavelength-dependent light transmission curves of the above coating materials No. 1 to No. 5 are shown in the attached FIG.

Examples 2 to 5 NEOFLON FEP film NF-0050 (hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer film manufactured by Daikin Industries, thickness 0.05 mm) was used as a coating material No. 6
(Example 2) and Neoflon PFA film AF-00
50 (Daikin Industries, Ltd., perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether tetrafluoroethylene-based copolymer film, thickness: 0.05 mm) was used as the coating material No. 7 (Example 3), and Kynar F was used.
H ₂ (polyvinylidene fluoride film made by Mitsubishi Petrochemical, thickness 0.05 mm) was used as coating material No. 8 (Example 4), and Tedlar 2 was used.
00SG40TR (polyvinyl fluoride film made by Dyupon Co., thickness 0.05 mm) was used as the covering material No. 9 (Example 5),
Various tests were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

Various test methods and evaluation methods carried out in Examples and Comparative Examples are as follows.

(1) Evaluation of weather resistance The coating material (film) was exposed on an outdoor exposure table facing the south side of elongation and inclined at 45 ° with respect to the flat surface. Remove the part and evaluate the appearance of the film and the residual rate of elongation at break.

[0031]

[Equation 1]

[Evaluation Criteria] 5: The appearance is unchanged and the residual elongation is 80% or more. 4 ... The elongation is unchanged and the residual elongation is 60 to 80%.
Within the range of less than 3 ... A change in appearance such as discoloration is recognized, and the elongation residual ratio is 40.
Within the range of ≧ 60% and below 2 ... Appearance change such as discoloration is observed on the entire surface, and elongation residual ratio is within the range of 20 or more and under 40% 1 ... Appearance of discoloration over the entire surface Change is recognized and elongation residual rate is less than 20% Tear strength For each film removed from the exposure table, the tear strength is measured with an Elemendorf tear tester to evaluate the residual rate of the tear strength.

[0033]

[Equation 2]

[Evaluation Criteria] 5: Tear strength residual rate of 80% or more 4 ... 〃 60 or more and less than 80% in range 3 ・ ・ ・ 〃 40 or more and less than 60% in range 2 ・ ・ ・ 〃 in the range of 20 to less than 40% 1 ・ ・ ・ 〃 less than 20% Impact strength For each film removed from the exposure table, the impact strength is measured by an impact tester. Measure and evaluate the residual rate.

[0035]

[Equation 3]

[Evaluation Criteria] 5: The impact strength residual rate is 80% or more 4 ... The range of 60 or more and less than 80% 3 ... The range of 40 or more and less than 60% 2 ... 〃 in the range of 20 or more and less than 40% 1 ・ ・ ・ 〃 less than 20% (2) Evaluation of dust resistance Removed from the exposure table for the evaluation of (1) above. The light transmittance at a wavelength of 550 nm was measured for each coating material film. The higher the transmittance value, the better the dust resistance.

(3) A house aggregate which fixes the film to the house body when the film of agricultural coating material is spread on the house (generally called a vinylpet, the film is sandwiched between the concave house aggregate and the pressing spring metal fittings). Evaluate the difficulty of construction when the film is stretched using a (house material that is attached and fixed).

[Evaluation Criteria] 5 ... Similar to general agricultural vinyl chloride film, construction is easy.

4 ... The construction is slightly difficult as compared with general farming.

3 ... Construction is possible, but wrinkles are prone to occur.

1 ... The film cannot be fixed and cannot be constructed.

(4) Dripping property A coating type drip agent is applied to the inside of the film, and this is applied at 40.degree.
Is coated on a beaker containing warm water, and is kept as it is for 2 months, and the retention property of drip property for 2 months is observed.

[Evaluation Criteria] 5: An area where the anti-fogging deterioration area is less than 10% and completely maintains the flowability 4: An area within the range of 10 or more and less than 30% 3. · 〃 in the range of 30 or more and less than 50% 2 ・ ・ ・ 〃 in the range of 50 or more and less than 70% 1 ・ ・ ・ 〃 70% or less with no drip property (5) Hailproof The film is exposed to an outdoor exposure table installed in the same manner as in (1) above, and the appearance of the film after the hail having a diameter of 5 to 7 mm has fallen for 10 minutes is evaluated.

[Evaluation Criteria] 5: No perforation or tearing occurred.

3 ... There are traces of holes and tears.

1 ... Perforated and cracked.

(6) Algae-proof property Agricultural greenhouses are covered with agricultural coating materials, and two crops of cucumber and tomato are cultivated (Jan. 1985 to Apr. 1987), and the house side and wife About the occurrence of algae,
Observe the adhesion status.

[Evaluation Criteria] 5: No adhesion of algae.

3 ... Some algae adhered.

1 ... A lot of algae adheres, and the material is opaque.

[0051]

[Table 1]

Reference Example 1 and Control Examples 1 to 4 (Strawberry Cultivation Experiment) A parent strain of strawberry (cultivar Takako fast-growing), which had been harvested in early November, was cultivated in a greenhouse and the strain was cultivated in late August of the following year. When the plants were planted in the open field and continued to be cultivated, runners began to occur, so in the middle of July they were temporarily planted in 12 cm pots. On the other hand, 240 tsubo
Ridges (ridge width 1 m 40 cm, ridge height 20 c) in 4 pipe houses (frontage 5.3 m, height to ceiling 2.6 m, length 150 m)
m, passage 70 cm) was made and cultivated according to the conventional method.

On September 20, each pipe house was coated with the coating material No. 1 prepared in Example 1 and the coating materials No. 2 to No. 5 of Comparative Examples 1 to 4. The film coating method for each house was as follows.

That is, the coating material No. 1 was applied to the house A, the coating material No. 2 was applied to the house B, and the coating material No. 3 was applied to the house C.
And the coating material No. 4 was applied to the house D and the coating material No. 5 was applied to the house E in the same manner as in the general case.

Further, the ridges in the house were covered with a commercially available polyethylene black multi-film (trade name “Okaka Multi”, thickness 20 μ, manufactured by Mitsubishi Yuka).

At the same time, the tentatively planted strawberry seedlings were planted at 40 plants / tsubo.

On November 15th, ethylene /
A vinyl acetate copolymer film (trade name “Mitsubishi Yukano Sakubi”, thickness 30 μ, made by Mitsubishi Yuka) was used as a lining and cultivation was continued. The temperature in winter was about 5C (nighttime) and 22-23C (daytime).

Harvesting began in early January of the following year and continued until mid-May.

Irrigation was performed once a week in principle.

At the time of pollination, house the bee boxes in Houses A and B,
Set to C, D, E.

Table 2 shows the results of a survey conducted by the following method, selecting 20 strains for each house (survey period January 15 to 2).
14th a month).

Cultivation of strawberries was further carried out in the second and third years using the same house, and the yield (commodity fruit yield index) is shown in Table-2. When the house covering was damaged by wind, hail, etc., the same covering was repaired and cultivation was continued.

At the time when strawberry cultivation in the first year was completed, the state of algae adhesion was investigated. House A (Reference Example 1) had no algae attached, but Houses B, C, D and E
In each of (Control Examples 1, 2, 3 and 4), a lot of algae was found to be attached to the side part and the end part.

Survey method (1) Number of flying bees: A box of bees (about 10,000) was set at a distance of about 1 m from the entrance to the house, and the house exit was twice a day and twice a day on the third day. The number of bees flying and active in the house was observed with the naked eye from (the side opposite to where the bee box was placed).

(2) Flight status of bees: When the measurement of (1) is performed, the activity of the bees is observed with the naked eye.

(3) Malformed fruit ratio (%) A ratio (number) of malformed fruits in the whole harvested fruit.

(4) Yield (commodity fruit yield index): Yield index when the commercial fruit yield in the first year of Reference Example 1 is 100.

[0068]

[Table 2]

Reference Example 2 and Control Examples 5 to 7 (melon cultivation experiment) On July 25, melon seeds for seedlings (seedling Emerald Zem)
1 seed in the center of the pot, and the next day the melon seed for the scion
(Variety Sunday melon) is sown in the same pot, and after the seeding is completed, a tunnel is made with a gauze cloth to protect against oilworms and give sufficient water. On July 29, Sunday melon germinates, the cotyledons develop the next day, and on August 1, the fungicide Totopudin M (manufactured by Nippon Soda) is diluted 1500 times and sprayed. On the 2nd of August, when the number of leaves of the emerald Zem for the rootstock reached 0.7, we call the Sunday melon for the scion and graft it. On the day of grafting, 8 pieces of sardine cloth were layered and shielded from light, and the next day was set to 1 piece, which was then grown with sufficient sunlight, the root of the tree was cut off on August 12, and the next day, the fungicide Mannebu Daisen M (active ingredient Manganese,
Ethylene, biscithio, carbamate: produced by Tokyo Organic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) is diluted 600 times, and 1-2 seedlings of true leaves are grown. During this seedling raising period, morning hydration is applied to dryness in the evening.

All of the pipe houses F, G, H and I (2
40 tsubo: frontage 5.3m, depth 150m, height 2.6m)
(Height 30 cm, width 70 cm, ridge 60 cm) was made and compound fertilizer Kanematsu 495 (sold by Kanematsu Sho) was used as the original fertilizer for 120 kg / 1.
Fertilization with 0 ares, the surface of the ridges is covered with a black multi-film (black polyethylene film: thickness 30μ), and 1 to 2 melon seedlings of the above-mentioned true leaves are 1500 per 10 ares per plant.
I planted it into a book. The coating of each coating material of the pipe house was performed one week before planting.

The coating of the coating material on each house was performed as follows. House F has coating material No. 1, and Houses G and H
And I were coated with coating materials No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4, respectively.

In the middle of August, the fungicide Mannebutaisen M is sprayed, and when the true leaves reach 5 to 6 sheets, they are attracted with a tape to make a three-dimensional cultivation, and in the end of August, when the true leaves grow to 20 to 22 sheets, a drop core did. Since female and male flowers bloom at this time, the bee box was crossed with the bees set in House F. The melon settled within a few days after mating. If this fruit grows to egg size,
Drop one fruit that is 45-50 cm from the ground, and drop the remaining fruit. In early September, the fungicide Manneb Taisen M was sprayed, and nets were generated on the fruit's epidermis, so newspaper paper was sacked. In mid-September, the epidermis grew to nets for 8 minutes, so remove the bag and wipe. After that, manage the plant so that it is exposed to the good sunlight, and spray the bactericide Mannebutaisen M in late September. The fruit setting rate of melon in the middle of August was investigated, and the result is shown in Table-3.

Further, cultivation of melon was carried out using the same house for the second and third years, and the fruit setting rate was investigated. The results are shown in Table-3.

At the same time, the yield was also investigated. In House F (Reference Example 2), the yield was almost the same as in the second and third years, but in House I (Reference Comparative Example 7), the yield was half in the second year compared to the first year. did.

When the adhesion state of algae was investigated at the time when the melon cultivation in the first year was completed, House F (Reference Example 2) showed no adhesion of algae, but Houses G, H and I (control). In each of Examples 5, 6 and 7), a lot of algae was observed to be attached to the side part and the end part of the house. Survey method (1) Number of flying bees: A box of bees (about 10,000) was set at a distance of about 1 m from the entrance of the house, and the house exit was twice a day and twice a day on the third day after the day. From the side opposite to where the box was placed), the number of bees flying and active in the house was observed with the naked eye.

(2) Flight status of bees: When the measurement of (1) above is performed, the activity of the bees is observed with the naked eye.

(3) Fruit setting rate (%): The rate of fruit setting at the 9th to 12th nodes (average of 50 trees).

[0078]

[Table 3]

Reference Example-3 and Control Examples 8 to 10 (Cultivation of eggplants) Eggplant seedlings for planting 85 days after seeding of eggplant (cultivar Thousands) (real leaf 2)
53kg of original fertilizer (Chitsuso 13, phosphoric acid 25, potash 15)
House A (Reference Example-3) fertilized with / 10a, House B,
House C, House D (Comparative Examples 8 to 10) with a ridge width of 1.2 m,
40-45 cm between plants, 1 row planting, 2000 plants per 10 a planted in the middle of March.

House heat insulation target 26-30 ° C during the day, 1 at night
Cultivate while keeping the temperature at 2 to 15 ° C. and maintaining sufficient brackish water. The pests are controlled by spraying 500 to 1000 times the amount of Toptupin solution.

The eggplant fruits can be harvested about 40 days after planting, and the state of the eggplant fruits harvested 60 days after planting is shown in Table-4.

[0082]

[Table 4]

Reference Example 4 and Control Examples 11 to 13 (Cultivation of gentian) A gentian strain was dug up so as not to root it on the day following early spring weather, soil that easily fell was removed, wrapped in sawdust, and stored in a refrigerator. Store at -2 ° C to the target.

In the middle of October, the above-mentioned house A (reference example 4) and houses B, C and D (control examples 11 to 13) are planted. The floor is fully watered and controlled at 15 ° C or below, and fertilizer application is 100 kg of fertilizer per 1a, and other nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium are 1 kg each.
/ A All waste fertilizer is applied, floor width is 90 to 100m, line spacing is 20c
Planted as m, 10 cm between plants. It is cultivated so that it is fully flooded (inhibited cultivation of gentian) and harvested as cut flowers in the middle of February. The condition of flower color is shown in Table-5.

[0085]

[Table 5]

Reference Example 5 and Control Examples 14 to 16 (Cultivation of Japanese quince) Kikiyo was housed in House A (reference example 5) and Houses B, C and D.
(Control Examples 14 to 16) are planted in the middle of September, and suppressed and cultivated by a conventional method. Table-6 shows the results of an investigation of the flower color status after harvesting cut flowers of Kikyoyou at the end of December.

[0087]

[Table 6]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram of wavelength-dependent light transmission curves of coating materials No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 and No. 5 used in Examples and Comparative Examples.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A fluorine resin film having an ethylene / tetrafluoroethylene content molar ratio of 40/60 to.
In the range of 60/40, and the formula CH ₂ = CH-C _n F
_{2n + 1} (where n is an integer of 2 to 10), the content of the perfluoroalkyl vinyl monomer unit is in the range of 0.1 to 10 mol%, and the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene-based copolymer A covering material for agriculture, characterized by being formed by excluding the combined film. 2. The agricultural coating material according to claim 1, wherein the fluorine content of the fluorine resin is 45% by weight or more. 3. The fluororesin film is an ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene-based copolymer, a hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene-based copolymer, a perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether-tetrafluoroethylene-based copolymer, or a polyfluorinated product. The agricultural coating material according to claim 1, which is a film formed of a resin selected from vinylidene and polyvinyl fluoride.