JPH06340457A - Shape separation of aggregate and aggregate assemblage subjected to specific shape separation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the method capable of separating aggregate by every shape thereof and the aggregate assemblage obtd. by this method. CONSTITUTION:A cylindrical vessel 1 which is formed with an aperture 2 for recovering the aggregate in its central part, is internally disposed with a spiral partition wall 3 around the aperture, is formed with the base 1a thereof and the inside surface 3a of the partition wall at specific roughness and has aggregate recovering chambers A to H attached with partitions in the peripheral part is used. The aggregate is charged between the aperture of the cylindrical vessel and the inside end of the partition wall. Vibrations in a vertical direction consisting of specific amplitude and vibration frequencies are applied to the cylindrical vessel. Such rotating motion that the central point of the cylindrical vessel draws a circular orbit on a horizontal plane is imparted to the cylindrical vessel to move the aggregate charged into the cylindrical vessel. The aggregate having the specific shapes is thus selectively recovered.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an aggregate shape separating method capable of collecting aggregates for each shape, and an aggregate of aggregates separated into a specific shape by the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various aggregates generally mixed with cement compositions, mortars, concretes, etc. are collected from rivers, seas, mountains, or quarried and crushed before use. By the way, when these are adjusted to their final state (product state or state used as an intermediate material),
Normally, no consideration is given to the particle shape, and it is usual to classify and select only by the particle size.

For example, in the case of producing mortar or concrete using ordinary Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement is mixed with sand and water to mix mortar, and ordinary Portland cement is mixed with sand, gravel and water. Concrete is prepared by using the above method, but the particle size of sand or gravel, which is an aggregate, is adjusted, but the shape is not considered.

[0004]

However, in such an aggregate, since the shape is not adjusted by simply classifying and adjusting the particle size, the filling property and the fluidity become uneven. Therefore, for example, mortar and concrete obtained by mixing the same are not improved in their characteristics, for example, fluidity, and further, the cured product obtained therefrom has the same tensile strength, bending strength and compressive strength as usual. It is the actual situation.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method of separating aggregates according to their shapes and an aggregate aggregate obtained by the method.

[0006]

Claim 2 in the present invention
In the hydraulic composition cured product or hydraulic composition cured product construct described, spherical, lump, polygonal, consisting of particles of at least one specific shape of polygonal pyramid, or spherical,
Aggregate and hydraulic composition having at least one characteristic of high compressive strength and high fluidity, which is characterized by containing more particles of at least one specific shape among lumps, polygons, and polygonal pyramids. The solution of the above problems was obtained by curing a mixture of water and water.

In the hydraulic composition cured product or the hydraulic composition cured product construct according to claim 4, particles of at least one specific shape among columnar, rod-shaped, needle-shaped, plate-shaped, and scale-shaped particles, or columnar , Rod-shaped, needle-shaped, plate-shaped, and scale-shaped particles containing at least one kind of specific shape in a higher amount, and having at least one characteristic of high tensile strength and high bending strength, and hydraulic property. The solution obtained by curing a mixture of the composition and water was taken as a means for solving the above problems.

In the method of separating the shape of aggregate according to claim 5,
An opening for collecting aggregates is formed in the center, and a spiral partition wall is disposed inside the opening, and the bottom surface and the inner surface of the partition wall are formed to have a specific roughness. A cylindrical container provided with an aggregate collecting tank with a partition in the peripheral part is used in a single stage or a plurality of stages and arranged in a single row or in a plurality of rows, and the opening of the cylindrical container and the inner end of the partition wall are used. An aggregate is put in between, and then the cylindrical container is subjected to vertical vibration with a specific amplitude and frequency, and a rotational movement is given such that the center point of the cylindrical container draws a circular orbit on a horizontal plane. Bone having various shapes is utilized by moving the aggregate put into the cylindrical container and causing a difference in rotational speed and movement trajectory of the aggregate due to a difference in frictional force and inertial force due to the shape of the aggregate. Spherical, plate-shaped, block-shaped,
The selective collection of at least one aggregate having a specific shape among needle-like, columnar, rod-like, polygonal, polygonal pyramidal, scaly, and other shapes was the means for solving the above problems.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the aggregate aggregate separated into specific shapes, the recovered aggregate contains a large amount of at least one of spherical, massive, polygonal and polygonal pyramidal shapes. The aggregate of the specific shapes separated from each other having at least one characteristic of fluidity is the means for solving the above problems. In the aggregate aggregate in which the specific shapes are separated according to claim 11, the collected aggregate has a high tensile strength and a high bending strength containing at least one of plate-like, needle-like, columnar, rod-like, and scale-like aggregates. The aggregate of the specific shapes separated from each other having at least one of the characteristics is the means for solving the above-mentioned problems.

The expression "more" here means
In the case of an aggregate aggregate having at least one of high compressive strength and high fluidity, the total amount of at least one particle among spherical, lumpy, polygonal, and polygonal pyramid is one of the shapes other than these specific shapes. It means that it is desirable to have more than the total amount of at least one particle, high tensile strength, in the case of aggregate aggregate having at least one characteristic of high bending strength, plate-like, needle-like, columnar, This means that the total amount of rod-shaped and scale-shaped particles is preferably larger than the total amount of particles having a shape other than these specific shapes.
Further, the amount (and proportion) of at least one particle in the specific shape in the aggregate aggregate is more than the known amount (and proportion) in each shape particle in the known commercially available aggregate aggregate. You can include more. Further, the aggregate collected by the aggregate shape separating method of the present invention and having a polygonal shape or a polygonal pyramid shape preferably has a shape close to a spherical shape or a cubic shape.

The present invention will be described in detail below. In the present invention, aggregates are selected using a cylindrical container 1 having a relatively shallow depth as shown in FIG. In the present invention, the aggregate is selected from coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, blast furnace slag, converter slag, fly ash, limestone, silica stone, silica fume, artificial lightweight aggregate and the like. Specific examples of the coarse aggregate include natural gravel such as river gravel, sea gravel, and mountain gravel, and gravel made by quarrying. Specific examples of the fine aggregate include natural sand such as river sand, sea sand, and mountain sand, and sand produced by quarrying. As the blast furnace slag, converter slag, fly ash, silica stone, silica fume, and artificial lightweight aggregate, those made of commonly known materials can be mentioned.

The cylindrical container 1 has an opening 2 for collecting aggregates in its central portion, a spiral partition wall 3 is arranged inside the opening 2 as a center, and a radial partition wall is provided in the peripheral portion. The aggregate collecting tanks A to H having the partition 4 are arranged.
An aggregate collection container (not shown) is attached to the opening 2 so as to communicate therewith. Further, the bottom surface 1a of the cylindrical container 1 and the inner wall surface 3a of the partition wall 3 are both formed and finished to have a specific rough surface. That is,
Each of the bottom surface 1a and the inner wall surface 3a is finished in roughness so that the friction coefficient with the aggregate particles has a specific value.

Further, the cylindrical container 1 is given a vertical vibration with a specific amplitude and frequency by a motion mechanism (not shown), and is rotated such that the center point of the cylindrical container 1 draws a circular orbit on a horizontal plane. It is configured to In order to separate the aggregate in its shape using such a cylindrical container 1, the atmosphere in the cylindrical container 1 is appropriately adjusted if necessary, and then the opening 2 of the cylindrical container 1 is first prepared.
Then, the aggregate is put between the inner end 3b of the partition wall 3 and the partition wall 3. Next, the cylindrical container 1 is subjected to vertical vibration with a specific amplitude and frequency, and is given a rotational movement such that the center point of the cylindrical container 1 draws a circular orbit on a horizontal plane. The aggregate put inside is moved. Regarding the rotational movement of the cylindrical container 1, the movement mechanism is set in advance so that the spiral partition wall 3 has a direction opposite to the direction from the inner side to the outer side (arrow direction in FIG. 1).

When such a movement is applied to the cylindrical container 1, the spherical aggregate particles themselves have high lubricity, so that the frictional force between the bottom surface 1a of the cylindrical container 1 and the inner surface 3a of the partition wall 3 is generated. It is collected in the opening 2 while facing the center of the cylindrical container 1 without being affected. On the other hand, since non-spherical aggregate particles are inferior in lubricity to spherical particles, they are greatly affected by the frictional force between the bottom surface 1a of the cylindrical container 1 and the inner surface 3a of the partition wall 3,
As a result, it rolls on the bottom surface 1a along the inner surface 3a of the spiral partition wall 3. Here, the non-spherical particles naturally have different lubricity depending on their shapes, that is, a plate shape, a lump shape, a needle shape, a column shape, a rod shape, a polygonal shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, a scale shape, and the like. Because of the different frictional forces between them, their rolling speeds will also be different.

Then, such non-spherical particles roll at a speed corresponding to their respective shapes, and finally fly out from the outer end 3c of the spiral partition wall 3 in the tangential direction of the outer end 3c. At that time, since each non-spherical particle rolls at a different speed depending on its shape, the inertial force of the non-spherical particle becomes different when it jumps out from the partition wall 3. That is,
Particles with a high rolling speed draw a trajectory that reaches the aggregate recovery tank A, and particles with a low speed draw a trajectory that reaches the aggregate recovery tank B and are collected in each tank.

In the example of FIG. 1, one partition wall 3 is installed, but by disposing a plurality of partition walls 3 inside the cylindrical container 1, the dispersibility of aggregate particles can be enhanced.
Further, the length of the partition wall 3 may be the length required for the particles to reach the final velocity. As described above, in the present invention, the spherical particles can be collected in the opening 2. Also for non-spherical particles, by changing the roughness of the bottom surface 1a of the cylindrical container 1 and the inner surface 3a of the partition wall 3 and by changing the degree of vertical vibration and horizontal rotational movement by the movement mechanism, A rolling speed (rotational speed) corresponding to each shape is given to each particle having a different shape, and as a result, the particles are separated and recovered in recovery tanks A to H corresponding to each shape due to the difference in inertial force when the particles jump out of the partition wall 3 thereafter. be able to.

According to such a shape separation method of the present invention, the aggregate is classified into specific shapes, that is, each shape such as spherical shape, plate shape, massive shape, needle shape, columnar shape, rod shape, polygonal shape, polygonal pyramid shape, and scale shape. Therefore, it is possible to separate and collect the aggregate, for example, by adding more spherical, aggregated, polygonal, or polygonal pyramid-shaped aggregate, and by mixing the aggregate with cement and water, high compressive strength and high fluidity can be obtained. When a cement mortar or cement concrete having at least one of these properties can be obtained, and a cement mortar or cement concrete having at least one of these high compressive strength and high fluidity properties is used to form a hardened product In particular, a hardened cement mortar or a hardened cement concrete having high compressive strength can be obtained. Further, by including a greater amount of at least one of plate-shaped, needle-shaped, column-shaped, rod-shaped, and scale-shaped aggregates, high tensile strength and high bending strength can be obtained by mixing the aggregate with cement and water. When a cement mortar or cement concrete having at least one of these properties can be obtained, and when a cement mortar or cement concrete having at least one of these high tensile strength and high bending strength is used to form a hardened product In addition, it is possible to obtain a hardened cement mortar or hardened cement concrete having at least one characteristic of high tensile strength and high bending strength, such as improving the quality of the material as an aggregate and handling the particle group and The fluidity can be improved.

In the present invention, the cylindrical container 1 may be used not only in a single stage but also in multiple stages (layers) as shown in FIG. 2 to perform shape separation, and as shown in FIG. The cylindrical containers 1 may be arranged in a plurality of columns and a plurality of rows. In this way, by forming multiple stages, multiple columns, or multiple rows, it is possible to mass-produce aggregates that are shape-separated and are aggregates for each specific shape.

[0019]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples. (Example 1) The coarse aggregate (quarry, produced by Iwase) shown in Table 1 was placed in the cylindrical container 1 shown in FIG. 1 to obtain a spherical aggregate (gravel) aggregate from the opening 2 and Bottom 1a of container 2
And the roughness of the inner wall surface 3a of the partition wall 3 are different from each other, and the container 1 is given vertical vibration of a specific amplitude and frequency, and further is given a rotational motion on a horizontal plane. A coarse aggregate (gravel) aggregate having a specific shape such as a lump, a plate, a needle, a rod, a polygon, a polygonal pyramid, and a scale was separated and collected in each tank in 1.

[0020]

[Table 1]

The coarse aggregate aggregates thus separated and collected were blended in the following proportions for each shape to obtain coarse aggregate aggregates having respective characteristics. (1) High compressive strength / high flowability coarse aggregate 50% by weight Spherical gravel 10% by weight Aggregate gravel 10% by weight Other shapes gravel 40% by weight (2) High tensile strength / high bending strength coarse aggregate Plate gravel 40% by weight Needle gravel 10% by weight Rod gravel 10% by weight Other shapes gravel 40% by weight (3) High compressive strength, high tensile strength, high bending strength, high fluidity gravel Spherical gravel 20% by weight Agglomerate 5% by weight Plate-like Gravel 20 wt% Columnar gravel 10 wt% Needle gravel 5 wt% Other gravel 40 wt%

(Example 2) (1) obtained in Example 1
In addition to each coarse aggregate of (3), the conventional coarse aggregate (4) before shape separation and collection shown in Table 1 was added to commercially available ordinary Portland cement in accordance with JIS, and the concrete mixing shown in Table 2 was performed. The slump value (fluidity), compressive strength (JIS A 1108), tensile strength and bending strength of the obtained cured product were tested. The obtained results are shown in Tables 3 to 10. The physical properties of the fine aggregate used in the compounding are also shown in Table 1. (4) Conventional coarse aggregate 20% by weight spherical gravel 20% by weight plate gravel 60% by weight in other shapes

[0023]

[Table 2]

[0024]

[Table 3]

[0025]

[Table 4]

[0026]

[Table 5]

[0027]

[Table 6]

[0028]

[Table 7]

[0029]

[Table 8]

[0030]

[Table 9]

[0031]

[Table 10]

From the results shown in Tables 3 to 10, the blends of the products of the present examples (1) to (3) are more fluid than the blends of the conventional coarse aggregate (4) (measured slump). It was confirmed that the composition had excellent compressive strength, tensile strength and bending strength, or all of these.

In Example 1, the shaped particles previously separated and collected in a specific shape were blended as described above, but the present invention is not limited to such a method, and the cylindrical container 1 shown in FIG. By controlling the difference in the roughness of the bottom surface 1a, the roughness of the inner wall surface 3a of the partition wall 3, the number of partition walls 3, the circular motion in the horizontal direction, and the like, various combinations of such (1) to (3) at a time. It is also possible to obtain shaped particles.

[0034]

As described above, in the aggregate shape separating method according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the aggregate can be made into an aggregate for each specific shape. Therefore, the aggregate aggregate obtained by this shape separation method can improve the quality of the material as the aggregate, improve the handling property and fluidity of the particle group, and stabilize the quality of the obtained product and functionalize it. Will contribute to. Further, for example, by appropriately mixing the aggregate aggregate of these specific shapes, by adding to the cement mixture, such as mortar and concrete, it is possible to increase the fluidity of the obtained mortar and concrete, and further, these cured products Strength of at least one of compressive strength, tensile strength and bending strength can be enhanced. Since mortar and concrete can have at least one characteristic of high compressive strength, high tensile strength, high bending strength and high fluidity, for example, in the case of high fluidity mortar or concrete, casting, etc. Work efficiency can be improved, which contributes greatly to labor saving. In addition, if mortar or concrete with high compressive strength is used and its hardened body is formed, the thickness of the hardened body can be made thinner than the conventional one if the strength is equivalent to the conventional one. The weight can be reduced. Furthermore, when mortar or concrete having at least one of high tensile strength and high bending strength is used to form a hardened product,
The application of the conventional cement hardened material can be expanded greatly.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a cylindrical container used in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view when the cylindrical container shown in FIG. 1 is multistaged.

FIG. 3 is a plan view when the cylindrical container shown in FIG. 1 is formed into a plurality of columns and a plurality of rows.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Cylindrical Container 1a Bottom 2 Opening 3 Partition Wall 3a Inner Wall 3b Inner End

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. Consists of particles having a specific shape of at least one of spherical, massive, polygonal, and pyramidal shapes, or more particles having a specific shape of at least one of spherical, massive, polygonal, and polygonal pyramidal shapes. An aggregate having at least one of high compressive strength and high fluidity. 2. A hydraulic property having at least one of high compressive strength and high fluidity, which is obtained by curing a mixture of the aggregate, the hydraulic composition and water according to claim 1. A cured product of a composition or a cured product of a hydraulic composition. 3. A particle having a specific shape of at least one of a columnar shape, a rod shape, a needle shape, a plate shape, and a scale shape, or a particle having a specific shape of at least one of a column shape, a rod shape, a needle shape, a plate shape, and a scale shape. An aggregate having at least one of high tensile strength and high bending strength, which is characterized by containing a greater amount of. 4. A hydraulic property having at least one of high tensile strength and high bending strength, which is obtained by curing a mixture of the aggregate, the hydraulic composition, and water according to claim 3. A cured product of a composition or a cured product of a hydraulic composition. 5. An opening for collecting aggregates is formed in the center, and a spiral partition wall is disposed inside the opening, and the bottom surface and the inner surface of the partition wall have a specific roughness. The cylindrical container provided with an aggregate collecting tank with a partition in the peripheral part is used in a single stage or a plurality of stages and arranged in a single row or a plurality of rows, and the opening of the cylindrical container and the partition wall are used. Aggregate is inserted between the inner end and the cylindrical container, and then the cylindrical container is vertically vibrated with a specific amplitude and frequency, and the center point of the cylindrical container draws a circular orbit on a horizontal plane. By applying a rotational movement to move the aggregate put into the cylindrical container, and by utilizing the fact that the rotational speed and movement trajectory of the aggregate are different due to the difference in frictional force and inertial force due to the shape of the aggregate, Spherical, plate-like, lump-like, needle-like from aggregates with the shape of
A method for separating a shape of aggregate, which comprises selectively collecting aggregate having at least one specific shape among columnar shape, rod shape, polygonal shape, polygonal pyramid shape, scale shape, and other shapes. 6. The method for separating the shape of an aggregate according to claim 5, wherein the aggregate is an aggregate for cement, mortar or concrete. 7. The method for separating the shape of aggregate according to claim 6, wherein the aggregate contains a greater amount of at least one of spherical, massive, polygonal, and pyramidal shapes. A method for separating the shape of an aggregate having at least one characteristic. 8. The method for separating the shape of aggregate according to claim 6, wherein the aggregate has a high tensile strength and a high bending strength containing at least one of plate-like, needle-like, columnar, rod-like, and scale-like particles. A method for separating the shape of an aggregate having at least one characteristic. 9. The method for separating the shape of aggregate according to claim 5, wherein the aggregate is coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, blast furnace slag, converter slag, fly ash, limestone, silica stone, silica fume, artificial lightweight. A method for separating the shape of aggregate, which is at least one kind of aggregate. 10. At least one of a spherical shape, a plate shape, a lump shape, a needle shape, a column shape, a rod shape, a polygonal shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, a scale shape, and other shapes from an aggregate aggregate made of aggregates having various shapes. Aggregate aggregate having a specific shape separated by selectively collecting the aggregate having the specific shape. 11. The aggregate having the specific shape separated according to claim 10, wherein the recovered aggregate contains more of at least one of a spherical shape, a lump shape, a polygonal shape, and a polygonal pyramid shape. A specific shape-separated aggregate aggregate having at least one characteristic of high fluidity. 12. The aggregate according to claim 10, wherein the aggregate collected has a higher content of at least one of plate-like, needle-like, columnar, rod-like, and scale-like aggregates. A specific shape-separated aggregate aggregate having at least one of strength and high bending strength. 13. An aggregate recovery opening is formed in the center, and a spiral partition wall is disposed inside the opening, and the bottom surface and the inner surface of the partition wall have a specific roughness. The cylindrical container provided with an aggregate collecting tank with a partition in the peripheral part is used in a single stage or a plurality of stages and arranged in a single row or a plurality of rows, and the opening of the cylindrical container and the partition wall are used. Aggregate is inserted between the inner end and the cylindrical container, and then the cylindrical container is vertically vibrated with a specific amplitude and frequency, and the center point of the cylindrical container draws a circular orbit on a horizontal plane. By applying a rotational movement to move the aggregate put into the cylindrical container, and by utilizing the fact that the rotational speed and movement trajectory of the aggregate are different due to the difference in frictional force and inertial force due to the shape of the aggregate, Spherical, plate-like, lump-like, needle from aggregates with the shape of ,
An aggregate aggregate in which a specific shape is separated by selectively collecting at least one aggregate having a specific shape among columnar shape, rod shape, polygonal shape, polygonal pyramid shape, scale shape, and other shapes.