JPH06339639A - Vertical type crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To moderate up and down fluctuation of a crushing roller caused due to unevenness of the raw material layer thickness by making the unevenness of the raw material layer thickness to be bit into a crushing roller uniform to prevent abnormal vibration, and to provide a vertical type crusher which can be operated stably. CONSTITUTION:A horizontal scraper 3A which crosses a rotary table 3A and is for making the raw material layer thickness uniform is put on the upper part of the rotary table 3A in the way the scraper moves up and down freely and at the same time sub-chutes 50 for raw material supply are installed in the upper stream sides of respective crushing rollers, and thus a vertical type crusher is provided with controlling apparatus which sends out operational instructions to alter the set height of the scraper 30 corresponding to the measured values of the crusher's roller displacement and the mill's vibration and to order the raw material supply to the sub-chutes.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vertical crusher for crushing raw materials such as cement raw materials, slag, clinker, ceramics and chemicals by cooperation of a rotary table and a pulverizing roller, and particularly vertical pulverizing. The present invention relates to a vertical crusher that reduces or prevents abnormal vibration generated in a machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 5 is a kind of crusher for pulverizing raw materials such as limestone, slag, and cement raw material into fine powder.
As shown in (1), a vertical crusher 1 having a rotary table and a crushing roller is widely used. This kind of crusher
At the lower part of the cylindrical casing 15, a disk-shaped rotary table 3A driven by a speed reducer 2 by a motor 2A to rotate at a low speed, and hydraulically pressure-contacted with a portion equally dividing the outer peripheral portion of its upper surface in the circumferential direction, and driven to rotate. And a plurality of crushing rollers 4.

The crushing roller 4 is connected to a piston rod 10 of a hydraulic cylinder 9 through an arm 5 and an arm 7 which are pivotally supported by a shaft 6 on a casing 15, and by operating the hydraulic cylinder 9, The crushing roller 4 is pressed against the rotary table 3A to apply a crushing pressure to the raw material. 3B is a dam ring provided on the outer periphery of the rotary table 3A for adjusting the raw material layer thickness, 14 is a gas blowing annular space passage around the rotary table 3A, 14A is a gas supply passage, and 13 is a raw material crushed by blades 13A. A rotary separator for classification, 16 is an outlet for taking out a product together with gas, and 17 is a raw material charging chute.

In such a vertical crusher, the raw material supplied to the central portion of the rotary table by the raw material chute 17 receives the centrifugal force in the radial direction of the rotary table 3A and slides on the rotary table 3A. Sometimes the rotary table 3A receives a force in the direction of rotation,
It slides with A and makes a rotation somewhat slower than the rotation speed of the rotary table 3A. The above two forces, that is, the radial direction force and the rotational direction force are combined, and the raw material is the rotary table 3.
A spiral locus is drawn on A to move to the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 3A. Since the roller is pressed against the outer periphery and is rotating, the raw material in which the spiral is drawn enters between the crushing roller 4 and the rotary table 3A from a direction forming an angle with the roller axial direction and is bitten therein. It is crushed and crushed.

On the other hand, a gas such as air or hot air is introduced into the base of the casing 15 by a hot air duct 20, and this gas is an annular space between the outer peripheral surface of the rotary table 3A and the inner peripheral surface of the casing. By being blown up from 14, the pulverized fine powder is entrained in the gas and rises in the casing 15, and is subjected to the classification action by the blades 13A of the separator 13 located at the upper portion, and the product having a predetermined particle size is discharged together with the gas through the discharge port 16 And sent to the next process.

On the other hand, during the operation of the vertical crusher, vibration is constantly generated in the vertical crusher due to the crushing of the lumps of raw material into powder and granules, and the amplitude of these vibrations is large under normal conditions. Is about 50μ, and there is no hindrance to the continued operation. However, in addition to such a normal vibration, the amplitude is 100μ.
Occurrence of abnormal vibrations with large amplitudes exceeding. One of the causes of the abnormal vibration generated in such a vertical pulverizer is the value of the raw material layer thickness formed between the rotary table and the pulverizing roller and its variation. As shown in Fig. 6, it has been confirmed that abnormal vibration occurs in a range from a certain level to a certain level of the raw material layer thickness.
In particular, immediately before the occurrence of vibration, as shown in FIG. 7, as shown in FIG. 7, a rapid decrease in the raw material layer thickness was observed at a cycle of once for each rotation of the rotary table. Further, when the correlation between the rotation table rotation speed and the raw material layer thickness (roller displacement) and the mill vibration value was measured using the crushing amount (raw material supply amount) as a parameter, the actual measurement result as shown in FIG. It is observed that the decrease in the raw material layer thickness is large when the rotating table rotational speed is large, and that the raw material layer thickness is relatively large and the vibration value is low when the rotational speed is small. It was found that vibration is likely to occur.

[0007]

As described above, in the conventional vertical pulverizer, even if abnormal vibration occurs for some reason, this phenomenon is instantly eliminated and an effective means for returning to a normal operating state is provided. However, if this abnormal phenomenon continues, there is a great risk of equipment damage, and it is necessary to take emergency measures such as an emergency stop of operation without stopping. This not only causes inconvenience in operation but also impedes productivity. there were.

[0008]

In order to solve the above problems and prevent abnormal vibration, according to the present invention, a plurality of rotatable grinding rollers are arranged on the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table, and the rotary table is provided. In a vertical pulverizer for pulverizing the raw material supplied through the raw material chute hanging above the central portion between the upper surface of the rotary table and the peripheral surface of the pulverizing roller by applying a predetermined pulverizing pressure to the pulverizing roller, A horizontal scraper that crosses the rotary table and equalizes the layer thickness of the raw material supplied on the rotary table is provided in the upper part so as to be vertically movable, and on the upstream side of each of the plurality of grinding rollers. A raw material supply sub-chute with a discharge port is provided, and the raw material supply amount can be changed according to the rotating table rotation speed, the crushing roller displacement, and the mill vibration value that are measured every moment. Or to supply the raw material through the chute,
It is provided with a control device for issuing an operation command for changing the set height of the scraper.

[0009]

In the present invention, the situation in which the material layer thickness on the rotary table becomes non-uniform on the circumference and irregularities occur and the vertical displacement of the crushing roller fluctuates drastically, thus causing abnormal vibration, is eliminated. Therefore, the vertical displacement and vibration value of each crushing roller are constantly detected, and if the deviation exceeds the allowable set value input to the control device in advance, the scraper height is adjusted and the raw material supply amount to the sub-chute is adjusted. Calculate and supply appropriate raw materials. That is, when the raw material layer thickness is abnormally large and too much raw material is caught in the grinding roller,
The scraper is lowered to move the excess raw material to the downstream side of the rotary table to make the raw material layer thickness uniform, and conversely, when the raw material layer thickness is abnormally small and the crushing roller moves up and down violently, the raw material is replenished by the sub-shoot To do. In the case of an abnormal situation that cannot be overcome by these countermeasures, emergency measures such as reducing the main raw material supply amount (supply amount to the raw material charging chute) or reducing the rotation speed of the rotary table are taken.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The details of a vertical crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 relate to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a plan view of a main part of a vertical crusher, and FIG.
3 is a side view of the essential parts of the vertical crusher, FIG. 3 is a side view of the essential parts of the vertical crusher, and FIG. 4 is a control system diagram of the vertical crusher. Figure 1
As shown in FIG. 3, a scraper 30, which is made of a horizontal square bar having a rectangular cross section and is bent at both ends into a key shape, is joined at both ends to a piston rod 40a of a hydraulic cylinder 40 fixedly mounted on the casing 15. It is arranged so that it can be moved up and down by the supplied hydraulic oil. Scraper 3
As shown in FIG. 1, the arrangement position of 0 does not interfere with the crushing roller 4, and the rotary table 3A is divided into two so as to be arranged on the raw material biting side of the crushing roller 4.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the scraper 3
The number of sub-chutes 50 for replenishing the raw materials is arranged on the upstream side of 0, the number of which is equal to the number of the crushing rollers 4, and the discharge ports 50a are arranged so as to face the crushing rollers 4 on the downstream side. Therefore, the raw material dropped from the discharge port 50a of the sub-chute 50 is brought into contact with the crushing roller 4 located downstream so that the rotary table 3
Slide on A. A displacement gauge 4A for measuring the vertical displacement of the crushing roller 4 is attached to each crushing roller 4, and the displacement of the crushing roller 4 is sent to the control device 60 which will be described later.
The rotation speed of the rotary table 3A and the mill vibration value measured by the vibrometer 15A are also input to the control device 60 every moment.

Next, the control device 60 will be described. Figure 4
As shown in FIG. 6, the control device 60 is composed of a setter, a comparator, a controller (consisting of a regulator and a manipulator), and an amplifier, and the upper limit of the displacement of the pulverizing roller is abnormally high and the material layer thickness is appropriate. When the range is exceeded or when the crushing roller 4 suddenly drops every rotation of the rotary table, which is a sign of abnormal vibration shown in FIG. 7, the roller displacement (raw material layer Allowable value of thickness) and allowable fluctuation time,
Alternatively, the allowable value of mill vibration value and its allowable duration are compared with the measured roller displacement and fluctuation time, and the measured value of mill vibration and its duration are compared by a comparator.
The height of the scraper 30 is changed according to the degree of deviation, or the raw material is supplied to the sub-chutes 50 to replenish the raw material on the rotary table. The controller of the control device 60 has an adjuster and an operating device. The adjusting device specifies the operation width based on the difference between the set value (allowable value) and the measured value, and the operating device sends the operation signal to the scraper 30. It is transmitted to the raw material supply system (constant feed wear or cut-off gate opening time) of the hydraulic unit 42 for controlling the height or the sub chute 50.

The operation of the vertical crusher 1 of the present invention thus constructed will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the roller displacement measured by the displacement meter 4A of each crushing roller 4, the mill vibration value measured by the vibrometer 15A, and the actual rotation speed of the rotary table 3A are input to the control device 60 every moment, and As described above, the measured value deviates from the set allowable range,
For example, when the raw material layer thickness becomes abnormally high, an operation command is issued to the hydraulic unit 42 to lower the scraper 30 to lower the raw material layer thickness and cause the scraping roller 4 to be caught. Further, when a sudden depression of the crushing roller 4 occurs every rotation of the rotary table, which is a sign of abnormal vibration shown in FIG. 7, a portion having a particularly low raw material layer thickness is locally generated. Sub shoot 5 corresponding to roller 4
Send a command to replenish raw materials to 0. By preventing abrupt vertical movement of the crushing roller 4 caused by these high and low raw material layer thicknesses, almost normal abnormal vibration can be prevented, but if the abnormal vibration is not eliminated, the operation is not continued. As a next step, temporary measures such as temporarily reducing the amount of main raw material supplied from the raw material charging chute 15 or issuing a command to the rotary table drive motor to temporarily reduce the table rotation speed are taken. Take action. The above-mentioned idea of the first aid measures is based on the knowledge obtained from the data in Fig. 8, and when the crushing amount is reduced or the rotation speed is reduced, the material layer thickness is kept above a certain value and abnormal vibration is small. It is based.

As described above, in the present invention, the scraper is provided to make the raw material layer thickness uniform so as to prevent the abnormal vibration due to the raw material biting into the crushing roller, or conversely, the excessively small raw material layer thickness portion. The unevenness of the raw material level, which has a point, is eliminated by the raw material replenishment by the sub-shoot, and abnormal vibration is prevented in advance.

[0015]

As is apparent from the above description, in the vertical crusher of the present invention, before the abnormal vibration during operation becomes large, the unevenness of the raw material layer or the excessively small raw material layer thickness, which is a sign of the abnormal vibration, becomes large. The abnormal vibration can be prevented by improving the temperature distribution and making the raw material layer thickness uniform. Therefore, the driving operability and the maintainability are improved, and the continuous stable operation is secured to improve the productivity.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a main part of a vertical crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a developed side view of the essential parts of a vertical crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a main part of a vertical crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a control system diagram of a vertical crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an overall vertical sectional view of a conventional vertical crusher.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a correlation between a raw material layer thickness and vibration during operation of a conventional vertical crusher.

FIG. 7 is a characteristic curve diagram showing actual measurement data of raw material layer thickness and vibration during operation of a conventional vertical crusher.

FIG. 8 is a characteristic curve diagram showing a correlation between a rotation speed of a rotary table and a raw material layer thickness and a mill vibration value during operation of a conventional vertical crusher.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Vertical Grinder 3A Rotary Table 3B Dam Ring 4 Grinding Roller 4A Displacement Meter 14 Annular Space Passage 15 Casing 15A Vibrometer 16 Discharge Port 17 Raw Material Input Chute 20 Hot Gas Duct 30 Scraper 40 Hydraulic Cylinder 42 Hydraulic Unit 50 Sub Chute 60 Control Device

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of rotatable crushing rollers are arranged on the upper surface of the outer periphery of a rotary table, and a raw material supplied through a raw material chute hanging above the center of the rotary table is applied to the pulverizing roller at a predetermined crushing pressure. In a vertical crusher that gives and crushes between the upper surface of the rotary table and the peripheral surface of the crushing roller,
A horizontal scraper that crosses the rotary table and equalizes the layer thickness of the raw material supplied to the rotary table is disposed above the rotary table so as to be vertically movable, and the plurality of crushing rollers are provided. A sub-chute with a discharge port is installed on the upstream side of the machine, and the raw material supply amount can be changed according to the rotation table rotation speed, crushing roller displacement, and mill vibration value that are measured every moment. A vertical crusher equipped with a control device that sends operation commands such as replenishing raw materials through a chute and changing the scraper set height.