JPH06336742A - Invert block for man-hole and built-up method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To promote function and construction efficiency by combining a single flow block having an inflow channel and an outflow channel in the direction of the diameter with four kinds of combined flow blocks having inflow sections in different positions, and covering the whole inflow zone. CONSTITUTION:A single flow block A is opposed to a combined block B1 for a left narrow angle on the bottom slab of a skeleton 4, and an inflow channel 6 and an outflow channel 7 are respectively fitted to an inlet and an outlet of the skeleton 4. After that, if necessary, the block A is combined with a combined flow block for a right narrow angle symmetrical to the block B1. Then, the block A is coined with a combined flow block B3 for a left broad angle, or the block A is combined with a combined flow block for a right broad angle symmetrical to the block B3. Those blocks of the same type are arranged symmetrically. In addition, Blocks of different types are arranged opposingly. According to the constitution, sewage from an inflow zone covering a wide range can be smoothly run downward and, at the same time, a construction cost in a field and a block manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bottom structure of a sewer manhole, and relates to an invert block which facilitates the flow of sewage.

[0002]

[Prior art]

(Reference 1) The construction of Jikken Sho 62-120541 "Circular invert bottom block for manhole" is (the slanted annular groove is the entire circumference + the slanted groove in the center of the central convex curved surface), and since it is a single member, workability and productivity Good, but there is functional anxiety that sewage does not flow smoothly.

(Reference 2) Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-260928 "Invert block structure" has a radial channel in a certain inflow angle range and a groove with a contoured taper. It is a single member, so that workability and productivity are good. It is possible, but there are functional concerns that the sewage flow is not smooth.

(Reference 3) In Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 64-28495 "Inverted structure", the slope is almost the entire circumference, and since it is a single member, the workability and productivity are extremely good. Since the upper end of the slope becomes the bottom of the inflow pipe, there is a disadvantage that the difference in height between the inflow pipe and the outflow pipe becomes large and the amount of excavated soil in the pipeline work increases. The difference between the bottoms of the inflow and outflow pipes in flat areas with a gentle surface gradient is usually about 3 cm.

[0005] Inverter's terminology explanation on page 105 of "Sewerage Facility Design Guidelines and Explanation" is such as a water conduit provided at the bottom of a manhole in order to smooth the flow of sewage. There are many inventions and inventions of the invert block for sewer manholes, and a great deal of human intelligence is focused on it, but it may be incomplete.

[0006]

The flow-down function of sewage is made smoother.

Further labor saving in construction.

Further cost reduction in production.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems] All inflow zones α≈210
And the intermediate point zone θ3 ≈ 40 °, the overlapping zone of the θ1 line and the θ2 line δ ≈ 20 °, and the inflow zone under the control of one merging block θ1 ≈ θ2 ≈ {(α-θ3) / 4}.
Set it as + δ / 2. The outflow axis is divided symmetrically with the line extending through the center G as 0 °, and the clockwise direction is (+)
And

The water conduit is a concave groove formed by a pair of dike bodies, and is formed by vertically dividing a funnel (flower-shaped morning glory). One set is 21 and 31, 22 and 32, 23 and 33, and 24 and 34.

It should be noted that the upstream side of the water conduit has a funnel receiving function, and the downstream side has a downflow function like a funnel cylinder. The inner hollow shape of the cross section perpendicular to the centerline of the flow of the headrace channel is changed from the rectangular shape near the inflow zone which is the receiving port to a semi-circular shape near the straightening groove 5 while gradually changing. Form. Note that the above-mentioned gentle change includes the bottom slope and the side slope of the headrace.

The merging block B1 occupies the left half of the circle of the skeleton 4 in a plan view through the allowance 8 over the entire circumference.

The straight portion is provided with a quadrant groove so that a substantially semi-circular groove can be formed when combined and constructed. A water conduit for receiving the inflowing sewage of the zone (-θ1) and flowing it to the outflow groove 7 is provided. However, the merging block B2 for the right is
Since it is a symmetrical form of B1, it is omitted.

The merging block B3 occupies the left half of the circle in the plan view of the skeleton 4 through the allowance 8 over the entire circumference.

When combined with the straight line portion,
A quadrant groove is provided so that a substantially semi-circular groove can be formed.
A water guide is provided for receiving the inflowing sewage of the zone (-θ2) and flowing it to the outflow groove 7. However, merge block B4 for the right
Is omitted because it is a symmetrical form of B3.

The single-flow block A is a semicircle that occupies almost half of the circle in the plan view of the skeleton 4, and the clearance 8 is set on the entire circumference. And if you build it by combining it to the straight part corresponding to the chord, you can form an almost semicircular groove,
It has a quadrant. Thus, the intermediate point zone (θ
3) Take charge of inflow sewage. However, since the opposite block has a symmetrical shape, it is used after half rotation.

There are two types of clearance 8 which are arcuate and linear, and are provided so as to be symmetrical with respect to the center G. The arcuate shape is between the invert block and the skeleton 4, and the straight shape is between the two invert blocks used facing each other.

[0018]

Describing with reference to FIG. 1, the intermediate point zone θ3≈
40 °, overlapping zone δ≈20 °, so θ1≈θ2 (B
Inflow zone of 1, B2 or B3, B4) ≈ {(α-θ
3) / 4} + δ / 2≈52.5 °, and one type of merging block can cope with an inflow pipe in an arbitrary direction within a range of about 50 ° without impairing the flow-down function.

In FIGS. 3 and 4, the confluent blocks B1 and B2 are provided with funnel-shaped (morning glory flower-shaped) concave groove portions (= water conduits) formed by the diversion body bodies 21, 31 or 22, 32. Therefore, the inflow sewage from each of the inflow zones (−θ1) or (+ θ1) can be smoothly merged into the outflow groove 7 through the flow straightening groove 5 corresponding to the tubular portion of the funnel.

In FIGS. 5 and 6, the confluence blocks B3 and B4 have funnel-shaped (morning glory flower-shaped) concave grooves (= headraces) formed by the diversion body 23, 33 or 24, 34. Therefore, the inflow sewage from the respective inflow zones (−θ2) or (+ θ2) can be smoothly merged into the outflow groove 7 through the flow straightening groove 5 corresponding to the tubular portion of the funnel.

When inflowing from the direction of about 90 ° to the side of the manhole, a drilling space for the inflow pipe is required. For this reason, about 15 ° is allocated to both sides, so the total inflow zone α ≈ {180 ° + 2 * (about 15
°)} ≈210 °, and it is possible to easily cover the inflow zone, which is generally 180 ° or less.

If the boundary between the θ1 line and the θ2 line overlaps with each other on one line, it is impossible to join the inflow pipes from the direction of the boundary line, but since there is the overlapping zone δ, this problem can be solved.

A merging block (B for the left side) that can handle an arbitrary inflow angle that matches the inflow condition of the manhole installation location.
1, B3) or (right B2, B4) selected by combining, it is possible to easily cover all the inflow zones α≈210 °.

For the intermediate point, by combining the straight portions of the single-flow block A so as to face each other, a groove having a substantially semicircular shape can be formed. One commonly used sewer manhole is 1
No. 2, No. 3, and No. 3, so θ3 ≈ 40 °, clear = 5 cm
As a result, the range of nominal diameters of the inflow and outflow pipes in FIG. 9 (for the midpoint of the pipe) is obtained. From the standard dimension d '= (straight wall inner diameter) * π * (40 ° / 360 °) when the clearance is not expanded / contracted, d'of Nos. 1, 2 and 3 is 31.4,
41.8 and 52.3 cm, and the dimensions when expanded and contracted are (d '+ 10) cm and (d'-5) respectively.
cm and shown in the following table.

[Table 1] The nominal diameter smoothly changes from 25 cm to 60 cm and becomes an appropriate value.

The inflow side groove is narrowed by about 5 cm when the clearance 8 between the central blocks is set to 0, and the outflow side groove is set to about 10 cm when the clearance 8 between the blocks 4 on both sides is set to 0.
It can be made as wide as possible, and a "groove-shaped contour" can be created according to the different inner diameters of the inflow and outflow side joining pipes.

Explaining with reference to FIG. 7, <1: Downflow function> The sewage received from the upper part of the funnel of the headrace runs down the gradually increasing depth of the curved slope, and becomes gradually narrow and deep. While passing through the rectifying groove 5 that is formed, a smooth flow similar to a laminar flow can be formed to join the outflow groove 7.
<2: Labor saving> One invert is composed of two blocks. The clearance between the perimeter of the frame 4 and the blocks and the clearance 8 between the placed blocks are expanded / contracted to match the position / inner diameter of the pipe. Then, after expanding and contracting, fill the gap with mortar etc. and finish with a "plastering iron".
Since the "groove-shaped contour" has already been created, it is possible to save considerable labor. <3: Cost reduction> For one type of manhole, five types of blocks, A, B1, B2, B3, and B4, are all that is needed, so there are few expensive manufacturing molds, and various production management is possible. It will be easier.

Explaining with reference to FIG. 8, <1; Downflow function> The sewage received from the upper part of the funnel of the headrace is gradually narrowed and deepened by flowing down the gradually increasing curved slope. While passing through the existing flow straightening groove 5, it becomes a smooth flow similar to a laminar flow and can join the outflow groove 7. Since <2: labor saving> and <3: cost reduction> are exactly the same as the previous section, they are omitted.

FIG. 3, FIG. 5, FIG. 9, FIG. 10, FIG.
In each of the examples 2 as well, the operation is exactly the same, and therefore the description thereof is omitted.

[0029]

【Example】

<Example 1> Fig. 7 shows a confluence block B2 (for a right narrow angle).
This is an example in which the combination of the single flow block A and the single flow block A is used for merging in the inflow direction 9 and the (+ θ1) direction that are substantially coincident with the outflow pipe axis. On the bottom plate 11 on the foundation, the single flow block A is provided on the left side in the circle in the plan view of the skeleton 4 having the joint pipe opening set therein.
And, when the converging block B2 for right narrow angle is opposed and placed on the right side, respectively, and combined, a gap is created between the circumferential portion and both blocks, but the gap is expanded / contracted in the horizontal direction, The inflow groove 6 is aligned with the inflow pipe opening 9, and the outflow groove 7 is aligned with the outflow pipe opening 10. On the other hand, both blocks are adjusted vertically to match the waterway slope. In addition, conforming B
Since 2 is selected, it is self-evident that the junction position of the confluence pipe is included in the inflow zone.

Then, after the expansion / contraction and the vertical adjustment, the gap formed is filled with mortar or the like and finished smoothly. Since both blocks have "grooved contours", you can finish with just "plastering iron". In this way, one block of invert can be constructed by combining the two blocks, and it flows in from the upper part of the funnel of the headrace (+ θ
The sewage in the 1) direction flows down the gradually increasing depth of the curved slope, and while passing through the gently narrowing and deepening flow straightening groove 5, it changes to a smooth flow similar to laminar flow while flowing out. It is possible to join the groove 7. After that, sewage flows from the outflow pipe to the sewer main to the treatment plant in sequence.

Example 2 FIG. 8 shows a merging block B4.
In this example, a combination of (for right wide angle) and the single flow block A is used for merging in the inflow direction 9 and the (+ θ2) direction that are substantially coincident with the outflow pipe axis. When the single flow block A is placed on the left side and the right narrow angle merge block B4 is placed on the right side of the circle in the plan view of the skeleton 4 having the joint pipe opening set on the bottom sale 11 on the foundation, respectively. Although a gap is formed between the circumferential portion and both blocks, the gap is adjusted to be expanded or contracted so that the inflow groove 6 is fitted to the inflow pipe opening 9 and the outflow groove 7 is fitted to the outflow pipe opening 10. On the other hand, the slope of the waterway is adjusted by adjusting both blocks vertically.

Since B4 is selected so as to fit in advance, it is obvious that the joining position of the merging pipe is included in the inflow zone. Then, after expanding / contracting and adjusting vertically, fill the gap with mortar etc. and finish it smoothly. Since both blocks have "grooved contours", you can finish with just "plastering iron". In this way, one block of invert can be constructed by combining two blocks, and it flowed in from the upper part of the funnel of the headrace (+ θ2).
The sewage flowing in the direction flows down the gradually increasing depth of the curved slope, and while passing through the lower part of the funnel (rectifying groove 5) of the headrace that is gradually narrow and deep, a smooth flow similar to laminar flow Can be merged into the outflow groove 7. After that, the sewage flows from the outflow pipe to the sewer main and the treatment plant.

Example 3 FIG. 10 shows a case where two pipes from two directions, left and right, merge at substantially the same angle, but FIG. 10 (a) shows B1 for the left narrow angle and right narrow. B2 for corners. (B)
The figure shows a combination of only merge blocks of the left wide-angle B3 and the right wide-angle B4. The construction procedure and action are almost the same as the previous section, but the outflow direction ↓ There is no inflow from the extension direction of the axis, so the shaded area K is an unnecessary groove, so if you place it evenly with mortar, concrete, etc. It becomes a safe foothold when entering a manhole for maintenance.

Example 4 FIG. 11 is for the inflection point of a tube, (a) is a single flow block A and B4. (B) The figure shows a combination of the confluence block B3 and the single flow block A, and the construction procedure and others are the same as in the previous section, and are therefore omitted.

Example 5 FIG. 12 shows a case where two pipes from two directions, left and right, merge at different angles, but FIG. 12 (a) shows B1 and B4. (B) Figure is a combination of only B3 and B2 merging blocks.

[0036]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the inflow zone of the headrace formed between the heads of the confluence block is not too wide and not too narrow (about 50 °), the area near the start point of the headrace is The water depth is rather large, and there is a sweeping force in the vicinity of the flow straightening groove 5, so that a substantially satisfactory downflow function can be obtained.

Generally used names 1, 2, 3
No. Manhole with straight wall inner diameter of 90, 120, 150
The diameter of the pipe that can be joined to it increases smoothly from 25 cm to 60 cm, and an appropriate value can be obtained.

[0038] One invert can be constructed by combining two blocks, and it is easy to expand or contract the clearance 8 around the skeleton 4 and the clearance 8 between the invert blocks to match the position and the inner diameter of the pipe. Is. On the other hand, the waterway gradient can be easily adjusted by adjusting the block in the vertical direction. Also, the work of filling the gap after expansion / contraction and vertical adjustment with mortar etc. and finishing with the "plastering iron" can be done in a short time because the "groove-shaped contour" has already been made on both blocks. Therefore, the workability is extremely good and labor can be saved.

Since all the inflow zones per manhole of one kind of name can be covered by a combination of five kinds of blocks (one kind of single-flow block A and four kinds of merging blocks B1, B2, B3, B4), It can contribute to labor saving of production and cost reduction.

Although it goes against the purpose of reducing the production cost, if the inflow zone is subdivided, the flow-down function will be further improved.
θ1 ≈ θ2 ≈ (α-θ3) / 4 + δ / 2 ≈ 52.5 ° was converted into a four-division formula to (α-θ3) / 6-δ / 2 ≈ 38.
It can also be changed to a 6-division type such as 3 °.

No. 4 to No. 7 and Special No. 1 to Special 4
It can be applied to other manholes with different shapes and sizes such as No. It can also be applied to rectangular manholes.

As described above, the sewage flowing function is made smoother. Further labor saving in construction. Further cost reduction in production. "Invert block for manhole and its assembling method" that can solve the three main problems of

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing all inflow zones α and θ1, θ2, θ3, δ, etc. of an inflow pipe to a manhole.

FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1 (viewed from the outflow side).

FIG. 3 is a plan view in which B1 and A are combined.

FIG. 4 is a plan view in which B2 and A are combined.

FIG. 5 is a plan view in which B3 and A are combined.

FIG. 6 is a plan view in which B4 and A are combined.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of FIG. 4 (combining B2 and A).

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of FIG. 6 (combining B4 and A). All the following figures are shown in a plan view, and the upper side is the sewage inflow side.

FIG. 9 For midpoint of pipe.

FIG. 10 For the confluence of pipes. (A) Combination use of B1 and B2. (B) Combined use of B3 and B4.

FIG. 11 for the inflection point of a tube. (A) Combined use of A and B4 (b) Combined use of B3 and A.

FIG. 12 For the confluence of pipes. (A) Combination use of B1 and B4. (B) Combined use of B3 and B2.

[Explanation of symbols]

A Single-flow block B Combined blocks B1 For left narrow angle B2 For right narrow angle B3 For left wide angle B4 For right wide angle 1, 21, 22, 23, 24, 31, 32, 33, 34
Headwater dam body 4 Body (cylindrical body that constitutes the lower part) 5 Straightening groove (corresponding to the tail end of the headrace and has a semi-circular shape) 6 Inflow groove (upstream part of straight water drop) 7 Outflow groove ( Downstream of the straight channel 8 Clearance 9 Inlet pipe opening (hole in the body) 10 Outlet pipe opening (hole in the body) 11 Bottom plate ↓ Outflow direction G Center K Shaded area α Total inflow zone δ Overlapping zone θ1 B1, B2 inflow zone for narrow angle θ2 B3, B4 inflow zone for wide angle θ3 midpoint inflow zone

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. The merging block (B1) occupies the left half of the circle in the plan view of the skeleton (4) over the entire circumference of the allowance (8), and the other merging block or single merging block (A). ) Is provided with a substantially quadrant groove so that a substantially semi-circular groove can be formed. Receives inflowing sewage from zone (-θ1) and outflow groove (7)
An invert block for a manhole, characterized in that it has a headrace channel {(21) and a concave groove portion formed by a pair of headstock bodies (31)}. The confluence block (B2) is
Since it is a symmetric form of (B1), it is included in this section. 2. The typhoon block (B3) occupies the left half of the circle in the plan view of the skeleton (4) over the entire circumference of the allowance (8), and another merging block or single-flow block ( The straight part is provided with a quadrant groove so that when combined with A) a substantially semi-circular groove can be formed. It is characterized by having a water conduit {(23) and a concave groove formed by a pair of dike bodies (33)} that receives the inflowing sewage from the zone (-θ2) and flows into the outflow groove (7). Invert block for manhole. The confluence block (B4) is
Since it is a symmetrical form of (B3), it is included in this section. 3. A combination of inverts in a manhole is a single flow block (A) and a confluence block {(B1).
To (B4)}, one invert assembling method for a manhole, characterized in that 4. A combination of inverts in a manhole is one selected from confluence blocks {(B1) to (B4)} and a combination of inversion blocks {(B1) to (B1).
4)}, which is different from the above and is another one that can be combined.