JPH06328302A - Machining device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To machine various valve sheet faces different in valve diameter and valve sheet face inclination angle in a machining device for machining a valve sheet face in a cylinder head. CONSTITUTION:A 1st cutting tool 164a and a 2nd cutting tool 164b movable mutually independently are disposed in a tool head 156 installed on a table movable back and forth in respect to a work W. In machining an inclination surface of inclination 45 degrees of a valve sheet face B, the machining is made by moving only the 1st cutting tool 164a with the table stopped. Then, in machining other inclination surfaces, the machining is made by combination of back and forth move of the table and move of the 2nd cutting tool 164b.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a processing apparatus for individually processing a plurality of processing portions, which are required to be concentric, by different kinds of cutting tools provided on the same processing spindle. More specifically, the present invention relates to a processing device for finishing a valve seat surface in processing a cylinder head of an automobile engine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a machining apparatus having a machining head 50 as shown in FIG. 8 has been used for finishing a valve seat surface and reaming a valve stem guide hole in machining a cylinder head of an automobile engine. . The structure of the processing head 50 will be described below. Head body 5
1, a hollow main shaft 52 is rotatably supported, and is rotatably driven by a built-in motor 53 fixed in the head body 51. A sleeve 54 is concentrically provided in the hollow main shaft 52.
And the rod 55 are inserted, one end of the sleeve 54 is connected to the cutting tool mechanism of the tool head 56 attached to the end surface of the spindle, the other end is projected rearward of the spindle, and the tool feeding forward / backward drive provided on the support 57 is provided. It is rotatably connected to the device 58. The rod 55 is inserted through the center of the sleeve 54, one end of which is connected to the reamer holding body 59, the other end of which protrudes rearward of the sleeve 54, and which is connected to the reamer feeding drive device 60 via a rotary joint 61. The processing head 50, the support 57, and the reamer feed drive device 60 are installed as a feed unit on the table 80,
It is moved and positioned to the processing position and the non-processing position.

The cutting tool mechanism of the tool head 56 is composed of three cutting tools and one reamer. That is, as shown in FIG.
The 4a and the cutting tool 64b are each fixed at a predetermined angle, and the valve seat surface B is finished into a conical shape with a predetermined angle by pressing and cutting by rotation of the main shaft and forward movement of the table 80. In this processing, of the processing of the valve seat surface B, the processing of the surface that does not require much accuracy is performed.

The other bite mechanism has a structure in which a slide 71 inclined by 45 degrees with respect to the main axis is slidably guided. The slide 71 is formed with an engagement groove 72 orthogonal to the sliding direction.
An engaging element 73 is provided on the second member 2 and is fixed to the tip of the sleeve 54. The slide 71 is provided with a cutting tool 64c, and the cutting edge of the cutting tool 64c moves along the inclined surface of 45 degrees by the rearward movement of the sleeve 54, and makes the valve seat surface B into a conical shape with an angle of 45 degrees. It is designed to be finished. This processing is the most important processing of the valve seat surface B and requires high accuracy.

As a mechanism of the reamer, the handle portion of the reamer 65 is held by the reamer holding body 59, and is guided to the tool head 56 through a guide bush 66 so as to be able to move back and forth. The reamer 65 is retracted rearward so as not to be involved in the processing when the valve seat surface B is processed, and after the valve seat surface B is processed, the reamer 6
5 is moved forward to finish the inner surface of the stem guide hole.

[0006]

When the workpiece is machined by the above-mentioned conventional machining apparatus, the stem guide hole R and the valve seat surface B are formed into the reamer 65 and the cutting tools 64a, 64b and 64c which are the coaxial cutting tools. Therefore, there is an advantage that the valve seat surface B that is coaxial with the stem guide hole R can be processed. However, depending on the type of cylinder head, the inclination 45 of the valve seat surface B
The inclination angle of the surface other than the degree (the surface processed by the cutting tool 64a and the cutting tool 64b) and the diameter of the stem guide hole R may be different. However, in the processing apparatus of the prior art, the cutting tools 64a and 64b are fixed to the tool head 56 at a predetermined angle and a predetermined processing diameter, and further, the reamer 65 having a predetermined diameter is attached. There was a problem that it was not versatile because it could only process one type of workpiece.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a machined surface of a work piece that requires precision among the first machined portions having a plurality of machined surfaces and a versatility that does not require much precision. The machining surface is processed coaxially with different kinds of cutting tools so that various kinds of machining with different inclinations can be performed while ensuring accuracy. Further, regarding the machining of the first machining location, which is required to be concentric with the second machining location which is preliminarily machined by another machine tool, the center of the second machining location is measured by an axial center measuring device, and the This is done by correcting the axial center position of the processing device based on the measured value and processing the first processing location.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] A structure for solving the above-mentioned problems is provided inside a main shaft, and is provided inside the main shaft and a first moving portion that is movable in the axial direction of the main shaft. A second moving part that is movable in the axial direction separately from the movement of the first moving part; a first drive device that moves the first moving part in the axial direction; and a second moving part that moves the axial line. A second drive device for moving in a direction, a first moving mechanism for moving the first cutting tool in a direction intersecting the main shaft at a predetermined angle by the movement of the first moving part, and a movement of the second moving part. A second moving mechanism for moving the second cutting tool in a direction intersecting the axis of the main shaft. In addition, the shaft center of the second processing location that has been finished by another machine tool in advance is measured by the shaft center measuring device,
The amount of deviation from the axis of the processing device is corrected to process the first processing location.

[0009]

When machining the first machining portion having a plurality of machining surfaces, first, the main shaft is rotated to rotate the first cutting tool and the second cutting tool, and the table is moved forward. Subsequently, the first machining location chamfered portion (specifically, the angle at which the first cutting tool is machined) is generated by the combined movement of the movement of the second cutting tool in the direction intersecting the main axis and the forward / backward movement of the table driven by the second driving device. Other than the angle). When the cutting work with the second cutting tool is completed, the table is moved back and forth to move the first cutting tool to a predetermined position and stop the table. Next, the first driving device is driven to move the first cutting tool in a predetermined angle direction intersecting with the main axis, thereby cutting at a predetermined position of the first processed portion at a predetermined angle. The machining of the first machining location is concentric because the machining is performed by the first cutting tool and the second cutting tool provided on the same main shaft, and further, the second cutting tool is movable in the direction intersecting the processing axis. Therefore, it is possible to process the first processing portion having a different inclination angle.

Further, the concentricity of the second processing portion and the first processing portion, which are preliminarily finished by another machine tool, is secured as follows. That is, the central axis of the second processed portion is measured by the axial center measuring device,
The amount of deviation from the axial center position in the processing device is measured. Then, the table is moved so that the axial center of the machining device coincides with the axial center of the second machining location while correcting the deviation amount measured by the axial center measuring device, and thereafter, machining is performed by the present machining device. Done by.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a machining apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a machining head, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a tool head, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an axial center measuring apparatus. Further, the workpiece W in the present embodiment is a cylinder head of an automobile engine, and the finishing process of the stem guide hole by the reamer is assumed to have been performed by another machine tool.

As shown in FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a processing apparatus main body, and a slide table 3 is supported on a bed 2 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction by being guided by a guide surface. The sliding table 3 is moved in the X-axis direction by a feed screw mechanism (not shown) driven by the rotation of the X-axis feed motor 5. On the sliding table 3, a column 4 is supported by a guide surface so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction so as to move back and forth with respect to the workpiece. The column 4 is moved in the Z-axis direction by a feed screw mechanism (not shown) driven by the rotation of the Z-axis feed motor 6.

The column 4 has a table 1 which is movable in the Y-axis direction by being guided by a guide surface formed on the front surface of the column 4.
80 is supported. This table 180 is column 4
It is adapted to move in the Y-axis direction by a feed screw mechanism (not shown) driven by rotation of the Y-axis feed motor 7 mounted on the upper surface of the. The processing head 150 and the axial center measuring device 20 are installed on the table 180.

A jig for supporting the workpiece is placed on the support base 8 provided in front of the column 4, but the illustration is omitted. Next, the structure of the processing head 150 will be described with reference to FIG. A hollow main shaft 152 is rotatably supported by the head main body 151, and is rotationally driven by a built-in motor 153 fixed in the head main body 151. Inside the hollow main shaft 152, the sleeve 154 and the rod 15 are concentrically arranged.
5 is inserted, and the sleeve 154
The hollow shaft 152 and the rod 155 are connected to the sleeve 154, respectively, and the hollow shaft 152, the sleeve 154 and the rod 155 are all rotated in synchronization by the rotation of the built-in motor 153. Further, the sleeve 154 and the rod 155 are movable in the Z-axis direction.

One end of the sleeve 154 is connected to the cutting tool mechanism of the tool head 156 attached to the end face of the main shaft, and the other end is projected rearward of the main shaft and connected to the first bite driving device 158. As a structure of the first bite driving device 158, a sliding sleeve 121 that rotatably supports the sleeve 154 is slidably guided by a support block 122. The piston 124 fitted into the cylinder 123 provided in the support block 122 is provided with a projection 125 in the radial direction and engages with a groove 126 provided on the outer circumference of the sliding sleeve 121. When the piston 124 moves by a drive device (not shown), the sleeve 154 moves in the Z-axis direction in a rotatable state.

The rod 155 is inserted through the center of the sleeve 154, one end of which is connected to the cutting tool mechanism of the tool head 156, and the other end of which protrudes rearward of the sleeve 154, and the second bite drive device via the rotary joint 161. It is connected to 160. The configuration of the second bite drive device 160 is as follows: the rotary sleeve 1 fixed to the rear end of the rod 155.
The bracket 11 is rotatably supported by the bracket 112. A nut 113 is fixed to the bracket 112, and the nut 113 is screwed with a rod feed screw 115. Then, the rod feed motor 114 is driven to move the rod 155 in the Z-axis direction in a rotatable state. The machining head 150, the first bite driving device 158 and the second bite driving device 160 are
It is installed on the table 180 of the column 4 as a feed unit, and is moved and positioned at a processing position and a non-processing position.

Next, the cutting tool mechanism of the tool head 156 will be described with reference to FIG. The cutting tool mechanism of the tool head 156 is composed of two cutting tools. That is, the first slide 171a and the second slide 171a slidably guided by the tool head 156 inclined 45 degrees with respect to the spindle axis.
The first bite 1 provided on each of the slides 171b
64a and the second byte 164b. First slide 17
1a is formed with a first engaging groove 172a orthogonal to the sliding direction, and the sleeve 154 is provided in the first engaging groove 172a.
The first engaging element 173a fixed to the tip end of the is engaged. Then, by moving the sleeve 154 back and forth, the first bite 164a moves along the conical surface of the tool head 156, and finishes a 45-degree conical surface of the valve seat surface B that requires precision due to rotation of the spindle. It is supposed to do.

Similarly, the second slide 171b is formed with a second engaging groove 172b which is orthogonal to the sliding direction, and in the second engaging groove 172b, the tip of the holder 159 attached to the rod 155 is formed. The second engaging element 173b fixed to the portion is engaged. Then, by moving the rod 155 forward, the second slide 171b is moved in the axial direction along the conical surface of the tool head 156, and conversely by moving the rod 155 backward, the tool head 1 is moved.
It is moved in the direction opposite to the axial direction along the conical surface of 56, and will be described later in detail, but is set at an angle other than 45 degrees of the valve seat surface B together with the feed of the column 4 in the Z-axis direction, It is designed to process surfaces that do not require much precision.

Next, the structure of the shaft center measuring device 20 will be described with reference to FIG. The axial center measuring device 20 is fixed to the machining head 150 so that its central axis is parallel to the center of the main axis of the machining head 150 and is located above the Y-axis direction. The axial center measuring device 20 has a measuring shaft 23 in a measuring device main body 21 having a hollow cylindrical portion. The measurement shaft 23 is slidably inserted in the measurement shaft support member 24 in the measurement axis direction. A gap is provided between the outer diameter of the measurement shaft support member 24 and the inner diameter of the hollow portion of the measurement device body 21 that supports the measurement shaft support member 24. It is supported by a bearing 31 movable in a plane orthogonal to the axial direction. Therefore, the measurement shaft 23 can freely move in the direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction.

A taper-shaped measuring head 22 is formed at one end of the measuring shaft 23, and the other end thereof is chamfered in the Y-axis direction and chamfered in the X-axis direction as shown in FIG. The detection member 26 having the chamfered surface 26b is fixed. The tip of the taper of the measuring head 22 is inserted into and pressed against the stem guide hole R of the workpiece W, whereby the measuring shaft 23 is moved to the axial center of the stem guide hole R. .

T-shaped links 28a and 28b are swingably supported on a support member 27 fixed to the measuring device body 21. One end of the link 28a is in contact with the chamfered surface 26a of the detection member 26, and the other end is in contact with the shaft 29a. Similarly, one end of the link 28b is in contact with the chamfered surface 26b of the detection member 26, and the other end is in contact with the shaft 29b. The shaft 29a is slidably supported by the measuring device body 21. One end of the shaft 29a is brought into contact with the link 28a, and the link 28a is biased by a spring mechanism (not shown).
Is always brought into contact with the detection member 26. The other end of the link 29a is brought into contact with a micrometer gauge head 30a of a micrometer gauge (not shown), and the amount of deviation in the X-axis direction between the central axis of the measuring device body 21 and the central axis of the measuring shaft 23 is measured by the shaft 29a. Is measured as a displacement amount in the Z-axis direction. Then, with the same mechanism, the shaft 29b becomes the Y of the measurement shaft 24.
It is designed to measure the amount of misalignment in the axial direction.

A positioning member 25 having a tapered portion on the circumference is fixed to the measuring shaft 23, and a fixing portion 21a formed with a tapered portion in the hollow cylindrical portion of the measuring device main body 21. The measuring shaft 23 is positioned at the center of the measuring device main body 21 by engaging with. In this case, the spring 32 provided between the measuring head 22 and the tip of the measuring device main body 21 biases the measuring shaft 23 to the left in the drawing to engage the positioning member 25 with the fixed portion 21a. Then, when measuring the axial center, the measuring head 2
Since 2 is pressed against the stem guide hole, the measuring shaft 23 moves rightward in the drawing against the urging force of the spring 32, the positioning member 25 disengages from the fixed portion 21a, and the measuring shaft support member 24 causes the measuring shaft 23 to move. 23 moves to the center of the stem guide hole R and measures the amount of deviation between the central axis of the measuring device main body and the X and Y axes of the stem guide hole R.

The operation of the processing apparatus having the above configuration will be described. First, the stem guide hole R of the work W is finished by a dedicated reamer working machine tool. continue,
The center of the stem guide hole R is measured by the axis center measuring device 20 in order to maintain the concentricity between the valve seat surface B of the workpiece W and the stem guide hole R. That is, the X-axis feed motor 5 and the Y-axis feed motor 7 are driven to drive the central axis of the measuring device body 21 (in this state, the central axis of the measuring shaft 23 is equal).
Is adjusted to a preset target value which is the center of the stem guide hole of the workpiece W at the coordinates of the machining apparatus 1 which is set in advance. Subsequently, the Z-axis feed motor 6 is driven to insert the tip of the tapered portion of the measuring head 22 into the stem guide hole R,
Abut. Then, since the measuring head 22 is brought into contact with the workpiece W, the measuring shaft 23 moves rightward in FIG. 4 against the urging force of the spring 32, and the positioning member 25 disengages from the fixed portion 21a. The measurement shaft 23 is guided to the center of the stem guide hole R of the workpiece W by the tapered portion 22. The micrometer gauge measures this movement via the shafts 29a and 29b as the amount of positional deviation between the center of the stem guide hole R at the set values of the X axis and the Y axis and the actual center of the stem guide hole R. Here, the behaviors of the measurement shaft 23 and the links 28a and 28b will be described with reference to FIG. First, as shown in FIG. 5A, the center O ′ of the stem guide hole and the center O of the measurement shaft are displaced. Then, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the center O of the measuring shaft 23 and the center O ′ of the stem guide hole R coincide with each other due to the taper portion of the measuring head 22, the links 28 a and 28 b that are in contact with the detecting member 26. Is oscillated, and the displacement amount ΔX in the X-axis direction and the displacement amount ΔY in the Y-axis direction are measured. Then, the Z-axis feed motor 6 is driven to move the column 4 backward.

Subsequently, the valve seat surface B of the workpiece W is processed. The processing of the valve seat surface B includes two processing steps described later. That is, the first step is a chamfering process of the surface of the valve seat surface B inclined by an angle other than 45 degrees by the second cutting tool 164b. The second step is the first bite 164
This is processing of a surface inclined at an angle of 45 degrees of a. First, in the first machining, the X-axis feed motor 5 and the Y-axis feed motor 7 are driven to move the spindle axis of the machining head 150 to the center of the stem guide hole R. At this time, the axial center measuring device 20
In order to determine the machining center of the valve seat surface B in consideration of the distance between the central axis of the valve and the main axis of the machining head 150 and the deviations ΔX and ΔY, the concentricity with the center of the stem guide hole R is maintained. Be done.

The built-in motor 153 is driven to rotate the tool head 156, and the Z-axis feed motor 6 is driven to advance the column 4 until the tip of the second bite 164b reaches a predetermined position. Then, by the combined movement of the movement of the second slide 171b by the drive of the second bite drive device 160 and the advance / retreat of the column 4 by the drive of the Z-axis feed motor 6,
Arbitrary angles (angle 30 degrees and angle 60 degrees in this embodiment) on the inclined surface other than the angle of the valve seat surface B of 45 degrees.
Chamfer. Here, based on FIG. 6, the second byte 1
The cutting at 64b will be described.

From the position a to the position b of the workpiece W, chamfering is performed at an angle of 60 degrees by combining the movement of the second cutting tool 164b in the axial direction and the backward movement of the column 4. Then, from position b to position c, an angle of 30 is obtained by a combined movement of the movement of the second bite 164b in the axial direction and the forward movement of the column 4.
Chamfer to. Then, the column 4 is retracted. Next, the surface of 45 degrees is processed in the second processing step. As shown in FIG. 7, the first cutting tool driving device 158 is driven to move the first cutting tool 164a to a predetermined position. Drive the Z-axis feed motor to move column 4 forward, and
64a is moved to the processing start position and the advance of the column 4 is stopped. Then, when only the first bite drive device 158 is driven, the first slide 171a moves along the tool head 156 inclined at an angle of 45 degrees in the axial direction, and the first bite 1
64a cuts the valve seat surface B of the workpiece W at an angle of 45 degrees. Through the above processing steps, the valve seat surface B can be finished while maintaining its concentricity with the stem guide hole R.

In the machining process of this embodiment, the second
Before the cutting tool 164b processes the valve seat surface B, the first cutting tool 164a is inside the valve diameter or the workpiece W.
Of the first cutting tool 164a so that the first cutting tool 164a does not interfere with the workpiece W during processing of the second cutting tool 164b. Similarly, before the first cutting tool 164a processes the valve seat surface B, the second cutting tool 164b has been moved to the inside of the valve diameter or the outside of the workpiece W.
The second cutting tool 164b does not interfere with the workpiece W during processing of the cutting tool 164a.

Further, in this embodiment, the stem guide hole R
The axial center measuring device 20 is used to measure the axial center of
It suffices if the axial center position of the stem guide hole R can be measured. For example, a TV camera is provided on the processing head 150, the stem guide hole R is imaged, the obtained image is image-processed, and the axial center of the stem guide hole R is processed. The amount of deviation from the axial center of the machining head 150 may be calculated.

[0029]

As described above, in the machining apparatus of the present invention, the tool for machining the second machining location is eliminated, and different kinds of tools for individually machining the same machining spindle can be displaced. Since it can be provided, it has the following effects. That is, the first cutting tool is used for the machining surface of the first machining location that requires highly accurate machining of the angle and surface roughness, and the highly precise machining of the angle and surface roughness. Although it is not necessary, the second cutting tool can be used on the processing surface that requires processing at various angles, and it is possible to use the second cutting tool and the second cutting tool that match the axial centers of the processing points. There is an effect that it is possible to process many kinds of workpieces while ensuring precision machining.

Further, by providing the processing device with the measuring device, it is possible to perform processing in which the concentricity between the first processing portion and the second processing portion is ensured.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a processing apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a processing head.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a processing head.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an axial center measuring device.

FIG. 5 is a model diagram showing a process of measuring a deviation amount.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a first processing step.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a second processing step.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a conventional processing head.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a conventional processing head.

[Explanation of symbols]

 20 axis center measuring device 22 measuring head 23 measuring shaft 24 measuring shaft supporting member 26 detecting member 28a, b link a, b 150 machining head 154 sleeve 155 rod 156 tool head 158 first bite driving device 160 second bite driving device W machining Object R Stem guide hole B Valve seat surface

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A workpiece is provided on a table that can move toward and away from a workpiece, and a workpiece is machined by rotating a first cutting tool and a second cutting tool provided on a spindle of the processing head. In the machine tool described above, a first moving portion provided inside the main spindle and movable in the axial direction of the main spindle, and a first moving portion provided inside the main spindle in the axial direction separately from the movement of the first moving portion. A movable second moving part,
A first drive device that moves the first moving portion in the axial direction, and a second drive device that moves the second moving portion in the axial direction.
A drive device; a first moving mechanism that moves the first cutting tool in a direction intersecting the main shaft at a predetermined angle by moving the first moving section; and a second moving tool that moves the second cutting tool by the movement of the second moving section. A processing device, comprising: a second moving mechanism that moves in a direction intersecting the axis of the main shaft. 2. A shaft center measuring device for measuring a shaft center of a processing place which is machined in advance on a workpiece, and correcting the shaft center position of the main shaft by the shaft center position measured by the shaft center measuring device. The processing apparatus according to claim 1, which processes a workpiece.