JPH0632806B2 - Human waste drying equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a human waste drying device for treating human waste outdoors without a purification treatment facility, in transportation facilities such as ships and trains, and in tunnels where vacuum cars cannot enter. Is a function.

[Conventional technology]

The human excrement excreted from the human body is either released into the sewage by a flush toilet or the like in an ordinary house, or temporarily stored in a purification layer and purified before being released into a general river. However, when an event is held outdoors, for example, at a venue where a large number of personnel such as an athletic meet, a trade fair, and a gathering gather, temporary toilets are provided to treat human waste.

As described above, conventionally, a temporary toilet that can be moved has been used, but most of them have a toilet stool that collects human waste, and the human waste excreted from the human body is stored in the toilet. Therefore, it is necessary to suck and collect the collected sewage from the temporary toilet after use by a vacuum car or the like, which is troublesome.

In addition, long-distance trains, buses, ships, and other transportation facilities are equipped with a dedicated tank for storing excreted excrement. After storing excrement in this tank and deodorizing it with chemicals, The method of collecting with a vacuum car was common.

In the conventional treatment of human waste from temporary toilets or moving transportation facilities, most of them are stored and treated in the state of being excreted from the human body, which is extremely unhygienic. Didn't get For this reason, if the temporary toilet is used for a long period of time, excreted excrement remains, which not only causes a bad odor, but also dislikes workers and is not preferable in terms of modernization of treatment.

For these purposes, various hygienic methods of treating human waste have been conventionally considered.

For example, it has been practiced to add chemicals together with human waste to sterilize and prevent the generation of bad odor. This is often used for transportation such as Shinkansen, but it has the drawback that it cannot be used for a long period of time because the medicine circulates and that the cost of using the medicine is high.

In addition, a method of storing the human waste in a bag made of vinyl or the like and packing it to prevent the odor from being emitted is also considered. However, a plastic bag having a considerably large area must be used for each excretion, which increases the processing cost and
The post-treatment for separating human waste from the plastic bag at a later date was troublesome.

In addition, a method of directly drying excreted excrement with a heating power such as a burner is also adopted. However, most of the components of human waste are water, and in order to remove this water, a large amount of energy is consumed and a single human waste time is prolonged.

In view of such drawbacks, the same inventor as the applicant of the present application has proposed a human waste drying device which stores human waste in a drying pot and stores a rotating stirring blade and a heat storage body formed of ceramic or the like. (For example, Japanese Patent Application Sho 63 63124150). In this newly proposed manure drying apparatus, the manure is dried by the heat from the heat storage body, and since the manure is stirred by the stirring blade, the heat efficiency is high and the manure is dried very quickly.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, in this newly proposed human waste drying apparatus, heat efficiency is poor and energy loss is high because of the structure in which heat is applied from the outer periphery of the drying pot to heat the entire drying pot.

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention evaporates only water from human waste having an extremely large amount of water, so that a part of the heat from the burner is recovered and supplied as hot air to a drying pot, which can improve thermal efficiency. It is intended to provide a drying device.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention has a heat-resistant container for storing human waste, a plurality of spherical heat storage bodies housed in the container, an opening extending inward and outward of the container and communicating with the upper and lower sides thereof, and the container An agitating means capable of agitating the human waste and the heat storage body housed inside, an outer case covering the outside of the container, a heating means for supplying hot air between the container and the outer case, and arranged spirally on the outer periphery of the container, A heat exchange pipe with one end communicating with the upper opening of the stirring means, a blower connected to the other end of this heat exchange pipe to send outside air into the heat exchange pipe, and the inside of the container and the inside of the outer case are connected It is characterized in that it is composed of a recursive pipe.

Further, the container may be constituted by a hollow cylindrical kettle whose lower portion is formed into a hemispherical curved surface.

Further, the stirring means is provided with an opening at the top and bottom so as to communicate the inside and outside of the container, and is a hollow cylindrical drive pipe that is rotatably supported, and is fixed to the lower part of the drive pipe so as to approach the bottom surface of the container. It is characterized by comprising a plurality of stirring blades for stirring the human waste and the heat storage body at a position, and a rotation driving means for rotating the drive pipe.

In addition, the heating means comprises a burner for supplying hot hot air between the container and the outer case.

The discharge means is a discharge pipe that guides air from the space between the container and the outer case, a catalyst box that removes odors from the discharge air that is guided by the discharge pipe, and a blower that sucks air that has passed through the catalyst box. And a diffusion pipe for diffusing the air blown from the exhaust fan into the outside air.

In addition, the heat exchange pipe is arranged such that the end connected to the blower is on the upper side and the end connected to the stirring means is on the lower side.

The recursive pipe was connected such that one end thereof communicates with the inside of the container at the upper part of the container and the other end communicates with the inside of the outer case at approximately the middle of the side surface of the outer case.

[Action]

In the present invention, the excrement is stored in a heat-resistant container, and the excrement is heated from outside the container with a burner or the like. A heat-resistant heat storage material such as ceramics is housed in this container, and this heat storage material and human waste are agitated by the agitating means, so heat from the outside of the container causes the container itself and the entire heat storage material to be agitated. The heat that is warmed and dissipated from the surface of the heat storage body heats the excrement, allowing the water to evaporate quickly. Then, a part of the heat for heating the drying pot is transferred to the air by the heat exchange pipe, and the hot air is discharged to the lower portion inside the drying pot through the drive pipe. For this reason,
Since the human waste from the inside of the drying pot can be heated, a part of the heat that should be originally lost can be supplied to the inside of the drying pot, and extremely rapid drying can be performed.

For this reason, when used in a temporary toilet, only the water that occupies most of the human waste is rapidly evaporated, and the remaining solid components remain in powder form, so it is possible to operate the temporary toilet continuously for a long time. It is possible.

〔Example〕

 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In this embodiment, an example in which the human waste drying device is applied to a temporary toilet that can be moved by a truck or the like will be described.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a temporary toilet to which the human waste drying device of the present invention is applied.

In FIG. 1, a temporary toilet 1 has a box-like shape made of, for example, plastic or reinforced synthetic resin, and a base 2 placed on the ground has a cubic shape. Two
A house 3 having a roof is fixed to the upper part of the house, and a door 4 that is opened forward and backward to allow a user to enter the house 3 is attached to the front of the house 3. Inside the temporary toilet 1, a human waste drying device 5 is mounted on the upper surface of the base 2, and a toilet 6 for receiving human waste is fixed to the upper portion of the human waste drying device 5. A dust collector 7 is attached to the side surface of the base 2, and a diffusion pipe 8 for releasing moisture to the outside is attached to the upper portion of the dust collector 7.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the internal structure of the human waste drying device 5 shown in FIG.

This human waste drying device 5 is assembled into a unit,
The outer side is composed of an outer box 11 formed of a thin steel plate having a cubic shape, the outer box is closed at the bottom and the upper part is opened, and an outer lid 12 is provided at the upper opening of the outer box 11. Is fixed. A support plate 13 is provided on the inner wall of the outer box 11.
Is fixed to the support plate 13.A drying pot 14 formed of a heat-resistant material such as a thin stainless steel plate and having a hemispherical curved surface at the bottom is fixed to the supporting plate 13. It is held in the air in the center of the inside of the outer box 11 by 13. Therefore, a space which is closed from the outside is formed between the outer box 11 and the drying pot.

Also, the upper part of this drying pot 14 is open,
An inner lid 15 is closely attached and fixed to the upper opening of 14, and the drying pot 14 is closed from the outside.

A burner pipe 16 that combusts oil, gas, etc. and ejects hot air is communicated with the lower portion of the outer casing 11, and the burner pipe 16 is located in the middle of the outer casing 11.
A discharge pipe 17 communicates with the position opposite to. A heat exchange pipe 18 made of a material having good heat conductivity such as copper is wound around the outer circumference of the drying pot 14, and one end and the other end of the heat exchange pipe 18 are outside the outer box 11. It is projected to.

Bearings 19 and 2 are provided at the center of the outer lid 12 and the center of the inner lid 15, respectively.
0 has its axis aligned and fixed, and both bearings 19,
A drive pipe 21 having a hollow interior is rotatably supported by 20. A cylindrical tip metal fitting 22 is fixed to the lower end of the drive pipe 21, and a concave portion at the lower end of the tip metal fitting 22 is fitted to a convex portion 23 protruding from the bottom center of the drying pot 14. The lower end of the tip fitting 22 is rotatably held by the convex portion 23. There is an air hole in the center of this tip fitting 22.
24 is opened, and the lower part of the air hole 24 is branched to the left and right to form a communication hole 25 which communicates with the internal space of the drying pot 14. Further, four stirring blades 26 having a shape close to the curved surface of the bottom of the drying pot 14 are attached to the outer periphery of the tip fitting 22 at 90 ° intervals. The planar arrangement of the tip fitting 22 and the drying blade 26 is shown in FIG.

A plurality of spherical heat storage bodies 27 made of ceramics such as alumina (aluminum dioxide) or steel such as stainless steel are stored inside the drying pot 14. Further, an introduction pipe 28 is inserted between the upper portion of the drying pot 14 and the toilet bowl 6 so as to penetrate the outer lid 12 and the inner lid 15. The introduction pipe 28 is connected to the toilet bowl 6, and Is a drying pot
It is supposed to be thrown in within 14.

Next, at the upper end of the drive pipe 21 and above the outer lid 12, an upper metal fitting 29 is connected, and the upper metal fitting 29 has a vent opening 30 penetrating vertically, A connection sleeve 31 fixed to the human waste drying device 5 is connected to the upper end of the upper fitting 29. Vents 32 are also formed inside the connecting sleeve 31, air from the outside can be circulated into the drive pipe 21 through the vents 32 and 30, and the upper fitting 29 is connected to the connecting sleeve 31. Can be freely rotated.

A worm gear 33 is fixed to the outside of the upper fitting 29, a worm 34 is meshed with the worm gear 33, and a sprocket wheel 35 is fixed to the worm 34. The chain 36 is wound around the sprocket wheel 35, and the chain 36 is wound around the sprocket wheel 37. This sprocket wheel 37
Is rotated by a motor 38 fixed to the upper part of the outer lid 12, and the output of the motor 38 is transmitted to the worm through the sprocket wheel 37, the chain 36, and the sprocket wheel 35.

Next, FIG. 4 shows a state of connection between the human waste drying device and the dust collecting device 7.

The burner pipe 16 is made of oil or gas as a raw material,
A burner 41 for supplying high-temperature hot air using these fuels as raw materials is connected, and a catalyst box 42 is connected to the discharge pipe 17.
Are connected. Inside the catalyst box 42, a filter 43 formed of a metal wire mesh or the like and a catalyst body 44 formed of a material such as platinum or platinum are inserted. An exhaust fan 46 is connected to the exhaust side of the catalyst box 42 via an exhaust pipe 45, and the exhaust fan 46 is connected to the diffusion pipe 8. A motor 47 and a fan 48 driven by the motor 47 are housed in the exhaust fan 46.

Next, one end of the heat exchange pipe 18 is connected to a blower 50, and a motor 51 and a fan 52 driven by the motor 51 are housed in the blower 50.

The other end of the heat exchange pipe 18 is bent upward to form a communication pipe 53, and the communication pipe 53 is connected to the connection sleeve 31. Further, a recursive pipe 54 communicating with the inside of the drying pot 14 is connected to the inner lid 15,
The recursive pipe 54 is connected to a portion near the center of the outer box 11, and the inside of the drying pot 14 and the inside of the outer box 11 are connected by the recursive pipe 54.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

First, a person who intends to use the urine enters the temporary toilet 1 and excretes it toward the toilet 6. This excreted human waste is a toilet 6
Further, it falls through the introduction pipe 28 and is temporarily accumulated inside the drying pot 14.

Then, when the amount of human waste is stored in the drying pot 14 over a certain amount, the burner 41 is operated to operate the burner pipe 16
More hot air is sprayed into the space between the outer box 11 and the drying pot 14.
At this time, since the motors 47 and 51 are operated, the outer box 11
The air between the dryer and the drying pot 14 is exhaust pipe 17, catalyst box 42,
It is constantly sucked toward the diffusion pipe 8 through the exhaust pipe 45. Further, when the motor 51 operates, the outside air flows in the heat exchange pipe 18 and flows toward the connecting sleeve 31.

At the same time, since the air in the outer box 11 is sucked by the fan 48, the air in the recursive pipe 54 is also sucked, and the drying oven
The air inside 14 flows through the recursive pipe 54 into the outer box 11, and then is discharged to the outside together with the hot air from the burner 41.

By such an order, the air from the outside and the hot air from the burner circulate inside the human waste drying device 5.

As described above, the air that is burned and heated in the burner 41 is discharged from the burner pipe 16 into the outer box 11,
This heat heats the entire lower part of the drying pot 14, and at the same time, the heat is also stored in the heat storage body 27 contained in the drying pot 14. Therefore, the human waste stored in the drying kettle 14 is
The entire drying pot 14 is heated by the hot air from and the heat from the heat storage body 27 is warmed up, and the water content starts to evaporate.

At the same time, the motor 38 is operated to rotate the drive pipe 21 via the worm 34 and the worm gear 33. For this reason, the stirring blade 26 fixed to the drive pipe 21 is
Rotate horizontally close to the bottom of 14 to collect human waste and heat storage 27
Will be mixed at the same time, and the accumulated human waste is mixed while being stirred so that the previous temperature becomes uniform. At this time, since the human waste comes into contact with the surface of the heat storage body 27, the heat of the heat storage body 27 is transferred to the human waste from the surface thereof, and the temperature rise of the entire human waste can be accelerated.

Further, in the blower 50, the air from the outside circulates in the heat exchange hype 18 due to the rotation of the fan 52, but when the air flows in the heat exchange hype 18,
Part of the heat from the burner pipe 16 heats this air,
The heated air is transmitted to the connecting pipe 53. The warmed air passes through the inside of the drive pipe 21 through the ventilation holes 32 and 30, passes through the ventilation hole 24, and is then ejected from the communication holes 24 and 25 toward the lower part of the drying pot 14.
Since the jetted air is heated by the heat exchange pipe 18 as described above, it becomes a high temperature and comes into contact with the human waste to help dry the human waste, so that the evaporation rate of water is extremely fast. .

In this way, the human waste in the drying pot 14 is dried by the heating from the outside of the drying pot 14 and the hot air blown by the inner bottom surface, and the air in the drying pot 14 containing the water is returned by the recursive pipe 54. It will be guided and flow into the outer box 11. The steam and air evaporated from the drying pot 14 contain urea, ammonia, etc., which are some of the components of human waste, and generate an extremely bad odor. But the outer box 11
When flowing into the inside, the hot air from the burner 41 is transmitted inside the outer box 11, so that it is reheated to an extremely high temperature and discharged from the discharge pipe 17.

The air through the discharge pipe 17 first removes solid components and dust of human waste by the filter 43 in the catalyst box 40,
Only the air component is transmitted to the next catalyst body 44. This catalyst body
When the 44 is reheated and brought into contact with malodorous air, the malodorous component is oxidized by the catalyst, whereby the malodorous component is removed. Then, the air from which the bad odor has been removed is sucked by the fan 48 through the connecting pipe 45 and is discharged to the outside air from the diffusion pipe 8.

Through the series of operations described above, the raw sewage in the drying pot 14 is heated from the inside and outside of the drying pot 14 by the hot air blown by the external heating and heat exchange. Further, since the heat storage body 27 that absorbs more heat has a large surface area, the water content thereof can be evaporated very quickly, and the series of these operations makes the human waste in the drying pot 14 the majority of the components. Some water is evaporated and fine solid components are filtered
43 will be recovered. Since this operation can be repeatedly used many times, it is not necessary to collect human waste in the tank, and it can be operated for a long period of time.

〔The invention's effect〕

Since the invention according to claim 1 is configured as described above, conventionally, the excrement of excreted human waste had to be sucked into a vacuum car or the like to be reprocessed, but it is sanitized by evaporating water. Moreover, the treatment can be performed without leaving any residue. Therefore, even a building without facilities such as sewage can be used for a long period of time.

Further, in the invention according to claim 1, a part of the heat for heating the container storing the human waste is recovered and the heat is ejected as hot air into the container, so that the heat efficiency is high and the time for evaporating the water is extremely shortened. Is something that can be done.

In the invention according to claim 2, since the lower side of the container has a spherical shape, the heat transfer area is widened and the heat exchange efficiency is improved,
Moreover, the stirring effect is enhanced.

In the invention according to claim 3, heated air can be formed and efficiently supplied between the outer case and the container.

In the invention according to claim 4, the excrement can be well stirred by the stirring blade, and the air heated by the heat exchange pipe can be guided to the lower part of the container.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, since the position of the exhaust pipe is located on the opposite side of the position of the burner pipe, the air after heating the container and the heat exchange pipe can be discharged.

In the invention according to claim 6, the vapor in the container is guided into the outer case by the recursive pipe and is reheated, so that the effect of removing the odor is enhanced.

In the invention according to claim 7, the burned air in the outer case can be forcibly exhausted by the discharging means, so that the combustion efficiency in the outer case is improved.

According to the invention described in claim 8, odor can be removed from the discharged air, and the air can be released into the outside air.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a temporary toilet showing an example in which the human waste drying device according to the present invention is applied to a temporary toilet, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the internal structure of the human waste processing device, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a mounting state of the sheet, and FIG. 11 …… outer box, 12 …… outer lid, 14 …… drying pot, 15 …… inner lid,
16 …… Burner pipe, 17 …… Discharge pipe, 18 …… Heat exchange pipe, 21 …… Drive pipe, 26 …… Stirring blade, 27 ……
Heat storage body, 41 …… Burner, 46 …… Exhaust device, 48 …… Fan, 50 …… Blower, 52 …… Fan, 53 …… Communication pipe,
54 ... Recursive pipe.

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A heat-resistant container for storing human waste, a plurality of spherical heat storage bodies housed in the container, an opening extending inside and outside the container and communicating with the upper and lower sides thereof, and Stirring means for stirring the human waste and heat storage material contained in the container, an outer case covering the outside of the container, a heating means for supplying hot air between the container and the outer case, and arranged spirally on the outer circumference of the container. , A heat exchange pipe having one end communicating with the upper opening of the stirring means, a blower connected to the other end of the heat exchange pipe to send external air into the heat exchange pipe, the inside of the container and the inside of the outer case. An excrement drier which is composed of a recursive pipe to be connected. 2. The manure drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the container is a hollow pot having a lower portion formed into a hemispherical curved surface. 3. The stirring means has a hollow cylindrical drive pipe having upper and lower openings so as to communicate with the inside and outside of the container and rotatably supported by a shaft, and is fixed to the lower part of the drive pipe, and the bottom surface of the container is provided. 2. The human waste drying device according to claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of stirring blades that stir the human waste and the heat storage body at a position close to the position, and a rotation driving unit that rotates the drive pipe. 4. The human waste drying device according to claim 1, wherein the heating means comprises a burner for supplying high-temperature hot air between the container and the outer case. 5. The heat exchange pipe according to claim 1, wherein an end connected to the blower is arranged on an upper side and an end connected to the stirring means is arranged on a lower side. Human waste drying equipment. 6. The recursive pipe is characterized in that one end thereof is connected to the inside of the container at the upper part of the container, and the other end is connected to the inside of the outer case at approximately the middle of the side surface of the outer case. The human waste drying device according to claim 1. 7. A heat-resistant container for storing human waste, a plurality of spherical heat storage bodies housed in the container, an opening extending inside and outside the container and communicating with the upper and lower sides thereof, and Stirring means for stirring the human waste and the heat storage material stored in the container, an outer case covering the outside of the container, a heating means for supplying hot air between the container and the outer case, and spirally arranged on the outer circumference of the container. , A heat exchange pipe having one end communicating with the upper opening of the stirring means, a blower connected to the other end of the heat exchange pipe to send external air into the heat exchange pipe, the inside of the container and the inside of the outer case. A human waste drying device comprising: a recursive pipe to be connected; and a discharge means connected to a space between a container and an outer case to discharge air to the outside. 8. The discharge means comprises a discharge pipe for guiding air from a space between the container and the outer case, a catalyst box for removing odor from the discharge air guided by the discharge pipe, and a catalyst box passing through the catalyst box. 8. The human waste drying device according to claim 7, further comprising: an air exhauster that sucks in air, and a diffusion pipe that diffuses air blown from the air exhauster to the outside air.