JPH06320398A - Article cutting and polishing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an article cutting and polishing method through which a high-precise cutting and polishing work is simply and reliably executed according to a desired program. CONSTITUTION:A processing cutter 29 positioned facing a surface to be processed is lowered and a detection position where vibration generated when the cutter is brought into contact with the surface to be processes is detected forms a processing origin. Processing of a cutting amount set from the processing origin is performed. This method causes execution of accurate processing wherein, even when an improper clamping state is produced because of a clamp strain generated by a grasping means occurring to a material and a gap between the material and the grasping means being choked with chips, excessive processing or deficiency in processing of a material by means of the processing cutter is entirely prevented from occurring.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an article cutting / polishing method capable of performing highly precise cutting and polishing on a material to be processed in the metal working and wood working industries.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when metal working, for example, when cutting an end of an aluminum sash material 50 as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the aluminum sash material 50 is fixed to a clamp (not shown). With the end mill 51 attached to the main shaft (not shown) of this N / C machine tool, along with the movement in the longitudinal direction and the front-rear direction and the lateral direction, the cutting shown in the phantom line in FIG.

The N / C machine tool is designed to operate in accordance with the dimensions of the program prepared in advance, and in the horizontal, front-rear, and vertical directions in the middle of the moving position of the blade before cutting into the material. The machining origin is set on a certain X, Y, Z axis, and the above-mentioned program inputs the XYZ axis coordinates from this machining origin.

However, the aluminum sash material 50 fixed to the clamp may be deformed by the clamping force, or chips may be caught in the clamp to cause a positional deviation, which causes a change in the machining position of the set program. As shown in FIG. 6 (b), excessive machining m and unremoved metal n of the aluminum sash material 50 occur, resulting in variations in processing.

The above-mentioned over-cutting m processing causes the aluminum sash material 50 to become defective and lowers the product yield, and in the case of leftover n, it must be manually repaired in another process. However, there is a problem that the work efficiency is significantly reduced.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and occurs when a processing blade corresponding to a surface to be machined is lowered and comes into contact with the surface to be machined. By using the detected position by vibration detection as the processing origin and performing the cutting amount set above from this processing origin, high-precision cutting and polishing according to the desired program can be performed easily and reliably. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of cutting / polishing an article.

[0007]

The means of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is to numerically control the movement of the X-axis, the Y-axis and the Z-axis in a machined tool by a preset program to cut an article.・ In the method of cutting / polishing an article to be ground, the processing blade is made to correspond to the surface to be processed of the article, the processing blade is lowered, and the vibration generated when this processing blade comes into contact with the surface to be processed in the z-axis direction is detected. According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an article cutting / polishing method in which the detected position is detected as a processing origin and processing is performed from the processing origin with the set cutting amount.

Further, the detection of the cutting vibration by the detecting means is
The same is done in the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

[0009]

The present invention configured as described above has the following operations.

In machining, the machining machine is preset with a program for lateral movement of the machining blade, which is the X axis, longitudinal movement of the Y axis, and vertical movement of the Z axis, which is the vertical direction. Therefore, the movement of the machining tool is numerically controlled according to this program.

When the machining tool is driven to operate the machining machine, the machining knife corresponds to the surface to be machined of the article, and the machining knife gradually descends to the article plane.

When the machining blade comes into contact with the surface to be machined, vibration occurs due to the machining of the article by the machining blade. The vibration is detected by the detecting means and the detected position is read as the machining origin.

Even if the mounting position of the article is different, the processing origin is the position where the surface to be processed comes into contact with the surface to be processed. Therefore, the previously programmed processing position is corrected by this detection signal. Therefore, the desired cutting / polishing processing that does not cause excessive removal or unremoved material is performed.

The detection of the cutting vibration by the detecting means is
The same is done in the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An example of the method for cutting / polishing an article according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings using an article cutting / polishing apparatus.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, A is an article cutting / polishing device used for cutting / cutting / polishing an article in the metalworking or woodworking industry, for example, a long aluminum sash material b which is an article. It is used in the metal cutting equipment that cuts the end face and the middle part.

The construction is such that a gripping means 2 such as a vise for holding the aluminum sash material b is provided on one side of the machine base 1, and a movable body 3 is longitudinally arranged on the other side of the machine base 1. The horizontal horizontal guides 4 and 4 that are movably engaged with each other are supported by the support base 6.
It is attached through.

Front and rear guides 8, 8 for supporting the holder 7 are attached to the upper part of the movable body 3, and the blade head 5 is supported on the front side of the movable body 3 so as to be vertically movable.

The moving body 3 is moved by the moving means 10, and has a screw shaft horizontally mounted on bearings 11 provided on both sides of the support base 6.
A moving member such as a servo motor that can screw-control a screw shaft 13 to attach the screw shaft 12 to the lower side of the moving body 3 and to numerically control the screw shaft 12.
By rotating in the forward and reverse directions by 14, it becomes possible to move in the longitudinal direction with high accuracy, that is, the X axis.

Further, the holding body 7 is moved by the front and rear means 15, and a screw piece 18 for attaching to the upper side of the moving body 3 is attached to a screw shaft 17 which is horizontally mounted on bearings 16 provided on both sides of the holding body 7. By screwing the screw shaft 17 and rotating the screw shaft 17 in the forward and reverse directions by a front and rear member 19 such as a servomotor which can be numerically controlled, it is possible to move the screw shaft 17 in the front-back direction with high accuracy, that is, in the Y-axis.

Further, the blade head 5 is moved by the elevating means 20, and a screw shaft 22 is supported by a bearing 21 mounted on the upper side of the holder 7, and the blade head 5 is mounted on the screw shaft 22. Elevating member such as a servo motor that can screw control the screw shaft 22 by screwing the screw piece 24 for mounting on the side of 23
By rotating in the forward and reverse directions by 25, it becomes possible to move with high accuracy in the vertical direction, that is, the Z axis.

A turret 26 of 6 axes or the like is rotatably attached to the front side of the blade head 5 by a driving means 27, and different kinds of processing blades 29 are attached to and detached from respective rotary shafts 28, 28, 28. It is provided freely and is rotated at a constant speed by the drive motor 38.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 30 is a detection means attached to a proper place where it is easy to pick up a reaction on the machine base 10, and which uses a vibration sensor (for example, manufactured by KEYENCE CORPORATION) having an amplifier (not shown) built therein. Therefore, the processing blade 29 of the blade head 5 that is lowered by the lifting means 20 is the aluminum sash material b.
By detecting the minute vibration generated when the aluminum sash is brought into contact with the workpiece, the processing origin of the aluminum sash material b, that is, the processing start position on the Z axis which is the vertical direction is detected.

The detection of the cutting vibration by the detecting means 30 is similarly performed in the X-axis which is the left-right direction and the Y-axis direction which is the front-rear direction. In this case, the side portion of the processing blade 29 is The vibration generated when the end portion of the aluminum sash material b is brought into contact with the surface to be processed is detected.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 31 is a control panel provided on one side of the machine base 10, a computer 32 into which a program such as machining data is inputted, and a keyboard for inputting machining data etc. on the front side. Section 33 and input screen display section 34
And the operation switches 35 and the like.

Therefore, when the cut-off processing as shown in FIG. 3 is applied to the end portion of the aluminum sash material b as shown in FIG. 3, the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis of the processing blade 29 such as an end mill are beforehand prepared. A program based on the moving values and the diameter data of the end mill 29, etc. is sent to the control panel 31 and the display section.
Set while using the keyboard 33 while looking at the menu screen of 34.

The machining origin at this time is set on the X, Y and Z axes which are the horizontal, front-rear and vertical directions in the middle of the moving position of the cutting tool before cutting into the material.

In this example, an example will be described in which the vibration generated when the machining blade 29 comes into contact with the aluminum sash material b when the machining blade 29 is moved in the Z-axis direction which is the vertical direction.

When the switch 35 is operated to activate each of the moving means 10, the front-rear means 15, the elevating means 20, the driving means 27 and the motor (not shown) of the rotary shaft 28 of the cutting tool 29,
According to the program, the end mill 29 moves to the processing position for the aluminum sash material b.

At this time, the rotation speed of the end mill 29 for processing, for example, 3000 rpm to the rotation speed for detection, for example, 60 rpm.
Change the speed to 00 rpm and move the end mill 29 at a moving speed of 50
Lower at a fine speed of mm / min.

The higher the rotational speed for detection, the better the detection accuracy.

Then, the cutting edge of the end mill 29 comes into contact with the surface to be processed of the aluminum sash material b, and the vibration generated at this time activates the detection means 30 such as the vibration sensor attached to the machine body 10 to detect the detection signal. Is transmitted to the control panel 31, and the lowering of the end mill 29 is temporarily stopped at this position.

The Z coordinate of the starting position to be processed is read by the contact between the detecting means 30 and the end mill 29, and the detected position is corrected by the computer 32 as the processing origin of the end mill 29.

In this state, the end mill temporarily stopped
29, the rotation speed is 3000 rpm, the feed rate is changed to 500 mm / min, and the feed by the moving means 10, the front-back means 15, and the elevating means 20 is given, and the aluminum sash material b is shown in FIG. The cut-off processing according to the set program is performed as shown.

Next, an example of detecting the cutting vibration by the detecting means 30 in the X-axis or Y-axis direction will be described.

For example, when performing a cutting process as shown in FIG. 5, there is a case where the processing blade 29 is cut from the side of the aluminum sash material b.

At this time, when the machining blade 29 driven under the machining conditions is extended in the X-axis or Y-axis direction and abuts against the aluminum sash material b, the vibration generated by the cutting resistance at this time is detected by the detecting means. Control panel 31 detected by 30
It is transmitted to the computer 32 of and the processing origin is corrected.

The following steps are the same as in the case of using the Z axis.

The method of the present invention can be applied not only to the cutting of articles but also to the polishing of articles,
The operation thereof is almost the same as that shown in the above-mentioned cutting, and therefore detailed description will be omitted.

[0040]

According to the present invention configured as described above, the vibration generated when the machining blade comes into contact with the surface to be machined is detected by the detecting means, and the detected position is set as the machining origin, and the setting is performed from this machining origin. Even if the material is clamped distorted by the gripping means, or chips are caught between the material and the gripping means, the material is not properly clamped by the cutting tool. It has a peculiar effect that accurate machining can be performed without causing excessive removal or residual.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a processing apparatus adopting an article cutting / polishing method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG.

3 is a perspective view of an article showing a state of being processed by the method in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the article processed in FIG.

5 is a perspective view showing a state of an example of detection in the X or Y axis direction in the method in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a processed state of a conventional material, (a) showing before processing and (b) showing after processing.

[Explanation of symbols]

 29 Machining blade b Article 30 Detection means

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An article cutting / polishing method for numerically controlling the movements of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis of a machined tool by a preset program to machine an article to be machined on a surface to be machined. Correspond to the blade, lower the processing blade, detect the vibration generated when this processing blade comes into contact with the surface to be processed, and use this detection position as the processing origin to set the cutting An article cutting / polishing method, characterized in that a polishing amount is processed. 2. An article cutting / polishing method for numerically controlling the movements of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis of a machining tool by a preset program to machine an article to be machined on a surface to be machined. Correspond to the tool, lower the tool to move in the horizontal direction, detect the vibration generated when the tool comes into contact with the surface to be processed, and use this detection position as the processing origin. The method for cutting / polishing articles is characterized in that the above-mentioned cutting / polishing amount is processed.