JPH06319229A - Automatic power factor regulator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an automatic power factor regulator successively conducting actual switching even when a plurality of manual switching operations are performed simultaneously or in a short time. CONSTITUTION:When manual switching operation is carried out, a manual switching delay time section 94 latching the value of a delay time set by an operation-condition setting section 20 so as to switch a capacitor after a fixed time passes and a switching-order storage section 93, in which operated order is stored previously even when a plurality of manual switching operations are conducted simultaneously or in a short time and which successively switches manual switching operation in response to the switching order, are mounted.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic power factor adjusting device for improving a load power factor in a power system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an example of an automatic power factor adjusting device previously filed by the present applicant, Japanese Patent Application No. 4-307381 (1992
Application dated January 18th). The configuration of this automatic power factor adjusting device is shown in FIG. For details of the operation of this device, see Japanese Patent Application No.
As described in No. 307381, this automatic power factor adjusting device includes a detecting unit 10, an operating condition setting unit 20, a determining unit 30, an output state storage unit 60, an output unit 70, and a display unit 8.
0, a calculation unit 100, a reactive power integration unit 110, an optimum capacitor capacity determination unit 120, and a closing capacitor capacity storage unit 130. The detection unit 10 detects the active power and the reactive power of this power system based on the outputs of the voltage detection unit 11 having the voltage transformer PT connected to the power system and the current detection unit 12 having the current transformer CT. 13 and the reactive power detection unit 14. Further, the power factor detection unit 15 is connected so as to detect the power factor of this power system by the outputs of the voltage detection unit 11 and the current detection unit 12. The operating condition settling unit 20 sets the operating conditions of this device, and includes a controllable minimum load P ₀ , an intermediate load P _a, and a target power factor cos θ.
₁ , the voltage shift ratio r ₁ , the current shift ratio r ₂ , the capacitor capacities C _{1 to} C ₄ and the delay time t are set, and the operating condition storage unit 21 is set.
Stores all of the set conditions, and provides these conditions when necessary for calculation in control.

The calculation unit 100 is a closing level calculation unit 101,
Cutoff level calculation unit 102, delay reactive power change amount calculation unit 1
03, the advance reactive power variation amount calculation unit 104 is provided, and various calculations are performed from the respective values detected by the detection unit 10 according to the numerical values set by the operation condition setting unit 20. Then, the calculation data of the closing level calculation unit 101 and the cutoff level calculation unit 102 are sent to the optimum capacitor capacity determination unit 120 together with the data of the reactive power integration unit 110. Delayed reactive power is generated,
When the input level exceeds the delay level, the capacitor capacity data in the operating condition storage section 21 and the input capacitor capacity storage section 1
From the data of 30, the capacitor capacity closest to the reactive power change amount is determined, a closing signal is sent to the output unit 70 via the output state storage unit 60, and the drive unit 71 drives the relay corresponding to the capacitor, Turn on. This information is also sent to the display unit 80.

Upon receipt of the closing signal, the output state storage section 60 sends data to the closing capacitor capacity storage section 130 indicating which capacitor is to be closed. The input capacitor capacity storage unit 130 compares the data of all the capacitor capacities C _{1 to} C ₄ sent from the operating condition storage unit 21,
The optimum capacitor capacity determination unit 120 stores the capacity of capacitors that have been turned on and is about to be turned on, and sends information to the cutoff level calculation unit 102 as data for calculating a cutoff level and determines a cutoff capacitor. Provide information to.

The closing level calculation unit 101 is controlled by the target power factor cos θ ₁ set by the settling unit 20, the intermediate load P _a , the transformation ratio r ₁ of the voltage transformer PT, and the transformation ratio r ₂ of the current transformer CT. For the load from the minimum possible load P ₀ to the intermediate load P _a , the injection level q ₁ seen from the automatic power factor adjusting device side is calculated by the following equation (1).

The reactive power accumulating unit 110 receives a positive value when the difference ΔQ _ai between the delayed reactive power Q _i and the injection level q ₁ during the delay time t set by the settling unit 20 becomes a positive value, or the reactive power Q _i. From the time when the difference Δq _bi between the cutoff level q ₂ and the cutoff level q ₂ becomes a negative value, the detected reactive power Q _i is integrated to obtain the integrated value Q
Obtain _a and Q _b . However, when ΔQ _ai continues to be a positive value, integration is performed, but when it becomes a negative value, integration is stopped and the integration value is set to 0. Further, when Δq _bi continues to be a negative value, integration is performed, and when it becomes a positive value, integration is stopped and the integration value is set to 0. Then, when the delay time t has elapsed, the integrated values Q _a and Q _b are divided by the number of times of integration to obtain average values ΔQ _a and ΔQ _b . Furthermore, both metamorphic ratios r ₁ and r ₂
The input capacity Q _A and the breaking capacity Q _B are calculated by multiplying by. When the input capacitance Q _A is positive, it is necessary to insert a capacitor close to the input capacitance. Therefore, the optimum capacitor capacity determination unit 120 selects one capacitor closest to the value of the input capacity Q _A from the capacitor group that is currently shut off, controls the drive unit 71 via the output state storage unit 60, and responds to that capacitor. Turn on the relay. When there are a plurality of capacitors having a capacity close to the value of the making capacity Q _A , the capacitor which has been cut off earliest in the past is selected and a control signal for making operation is sent. When the value of the breaking capacity Q _B is negative, it is necessary to use the breaking capacity Q _B to cut off the capacitor. Therefore, the optimum capacitor capacity determination unit 120 selects one capacitor having a capacity closest to the value of the breaking capacity Q _B from the group of capacitors that are currently turned on, and selects the capacitor having the capacity closest to the value of the breaking capacity Q _B via the output state storage unit 60.
Control 1 to turn off the relay corresponding to that capacitor. When a plurality of capacitors having a capacitance close to the value of the breaking capacity Q _B are in the closed state, the capacitor which was closed earliest in the past is selected and the control signal for the breaking operation is sent.

Further, the light load determination unit 31 is a light load when the value of the active power detected by the active power detection unit 13 is smaller than the value of the controllable minimum load P ₀ set by the operation condition setting unit 20. Then, all the capacitors that have been turned on are sequentially shut off in order of increasing capacity.

Now, the sequence control unit 50 and the output unit 70 will be described. First, the output unit 70 drives the relay unit 72 by the drive unit 71 via the output state storage unit 60 in accordance with the command from the sequence control unit 50. The relay unit 72 includes a plurality of relays,
Here, R _{1 to} R ₄ are provided, and the plurality of relays R ₁ to R ₄ are provided.
The _fourth contacts are on or cut off the capacitor C ₁ -C _4. The sequence control unit 50 controls the relays R ₁ to R ₁ of the output unit 70.
Control is performed by issuing a cyclic control signal so that R ₄ has a uniform opening / closing frequency. The cyclic control signal is transmitted to the output unit 70 via the output state storage unit 60. The output state storage unit 60 stores the open / closed state of each of the relays R _{1 to} R ₄ of the output unit 70, which is fed back to the sequence control unit 50 and which relay is turned on in the closing state display unit 85 of the display unit 80. which capacitor among the capacitors C ₁ -C ₄ sends a display signal indicating whether it is turned on.

The display element drive unit 86 of the display unit 80 drives the advance / delay number indicator 87, the unit indicator 88 and the light load indicator 81, the delay indicator 82, the advance indicator 83, and the proper indicator 84. . When the detected active power P _i is smaller than the controllable minimum load P ₀ , the light load indicator 81 lights up. Active power P _i is controllable minimum load moreover exceed P ₀ reactive power Q _i is turned levels delay indicator 82 when exceeding the q _i is lit, the reactive power Q _i exceeds the advanced side of the cut-off level q ₂ Then, the display 83 is turned on. When the reactive power Q _i is between the closing level q _i and the cutoff level q ₂ , the appropriateness indicator 84 lights up. The numerical display 87 indicates the current power factor and reactive power value of the power system by the reactive power detection unit 1.
4 and the output signal from the power factor detection unit 15 are alternately displayed numerically in a cycle of 1 to 2 seconds. At this time,%, kvar
The unit display of also lights in conjunction. The closing state display unit 85 corresponds to each of the capacitors C _{1 to} C ₄ , and flashes an indicator light corresponding to the capacitor selected by the optimum capacitor capacity determination unit 120 before the relay unit 72 operates, thereby informing the relay unit 72 to operate. Then, it turns on when turned on and turns off when shut off.

It should be noted that each setting of the operating condition setting section 20 has a structure that can be easily operated by a digital switch or a touch panel.

Further, in FIG. 3, reference numeral 90 denotes a manual operation section, which has a manual closing operation section 91 and a manual shut-off operation section 92. Here, the output unit 7 is forcibly irrespective of the voltage and current of the power system, that is, the power factor and the magnitude of the reactive power.
It is possible to operate 0 to turn on or off the capacitor by operating the manual operation unit 90.
That is, when the manual closing operation unit 91 is operated, a signal is sent to the output state storage unit 60 so as to immediately turn on the capacitor, and a signal for excluding the corresponding capacitor from the target of automatic control is sent. Similarly, when the manual cutoff operation unit 92 is operated, a signal is sent to the output state storage unit 60 so as to immediately cut off the capacitor, and a signal for excluding the corresponding capacitor from the target of automatic control is sent out.

[0012]

In the device according to the above-mentioned proposal, when a plurality of capacitors are manually turned on at the same time or within a short time, the plurality of capacitors are immediately connected to the system at the same time. , Inrush current to the capacitor is added, an excessive current will flow to the distribution line, and a sudden voltage drop of the line will occur for a short time,
This may cause flickering of the light. In addition, if the manual power-on operation has already been performed with multiple slide switches, etc., corresponding to multiple capacitors before turning on the power of the device, a large number of capacitors will be turned on at the same time when the power is turned on in the conventional device. There is a problem that a current flows to cause a sudden and instantaneous voltage drop.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to perform automatic power factor adjustment so that even if a plurality of manual loading operations are performed simultaneously or within a short time, the actual loading is sequentially performed. To provide a device.

[0014]

In order to solve these problems and achieve the object of the present invention, in the present invention, when performing a manual closing operation, the capacitor is closed after a lapse of a predetermined time. Operation condition The manual operation delay time part that takes in the value of the delay time set in the setting part, and the order of operation even if multiple manual operation operations are performed simultaneously or within a short time is stored, and the operation order is stored. A loading order storage unit is provided for sequentially loading according to the order.

That is, the invention according to claim 1 is an automatic power factor for detecting the power factor or reactive power of the current system and adjusting the power factor by turning on or off the phase advancing capacitor based on the detection result. In the adjustment device, a voltage detection unit that transforms the voltage of the power system to detect the voltage, a current detection unit that transforms the current of the power system to detect the current, and detects active power from the detected voltage and current. Active power detection unit, reactive power detection unit that detects reactive power from the detected voltage and current, power factor detection unit that detects power factor from the detected voltage and current, minimum controllable load and target power factor And the voltage transformation ratio, the current transformation ratio, the capacitance of the capacitor, and the operating delay time are set and stored in the operating condition settling section, the operating conditions set by the operating condition settling section, and the active power detecting section. Based on the detected value of the active power, a closing level calculation unit for calculating the closing level of the capacitor, a closing capacitor capacity for storing the already-closed capacitors of the capacitors and the capacity of the capacitor to be closed at present. A storage unit, a cutoff level calculation unit that calculates a cutoff level from the minimum value of the input level and the input capacitor capacity, a delay reactive power change amount calculation unit that calculates a change amount of delayed reactive power that exceeds the input level on the delay side, A lead reactive power change amount calculation unit for calculating a change amount of lead reactive power exceeding the cutoff level to the lead side, a delay time set by the delay reactive power change amount or the lead reactive power change amount in the operation operation condition settling unit. For a period of time to obtain an average value thereof, a reactive power integrating unit, the closing level calculating unit, the operating condition setting unit, and the closing capacitor. An optimum capacitor capacity determining unit that determines a closing capacitor from the capacity storing unit and the reactive power integrating unit, and determines a capacitor to be blocked from the shutoff level, the closing capacitor capacity storing unit, and the reactive power integrating unit; An output unit having a plurality of output circuits for turning on and off each of the capacitors according to the determination of the optimum capacitor capacity determination unit and a drive unit for driving the output circuits, an operation display unit for displaying the operation of each unit, and a power of the power system. In an automatic power factor adjusting device equipped with a manual operation part that can force the output part to be forcibly turned on or off regardless of the rate or the reactive power, an operating condition setting part for turning on the capacitor Even if you manually operate the delay time part that takes in the value of the set delay time and the manual closing operation at the same time or within a short time It is characterized in that it stores a sequence of operations and stores a loading order storage unit that sequentially turns on according to the loading order, and when the capacitors are manually turned on, the capacitors are turned on after a delay time elapses. To do.

That is, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the loading order storage unit performs a plurality of manual loading operations in a short time corresponding to a plurality of capacitors during a manual loading operation of loading a capacitor after a delay time elapses. When it is performed, the order in which the manual input operation is performed is stored, and the manual input is performed in that order, and the delay time from one output to the next output is secured.

That is, according to the third aspect of the present invention, when the manual power-on operation corresponding to the plurality of capacitors is performed in the power-off state, the output unit is predetermined in the power-on order storage unit after power-on. The closing operation is performed according to the set order, and the intervals of the closing operations of the output circuits are secured by the manual closing delay time unit.

[0018]

According to the present invention, when a plurality of capacitors are manually turned on, a delay time is secured one by one in correspondence with each capacitor by the manual turn-on delay time section and the turn-on order storage section, and the capacitors are turned on. Moreover, when the power of the automatic power factor adjusting device is turned on, even if a plurality of capacitors are automatically turned on, the delay time storage unit and the manual closing delay time unit delay time one by one in a predetermined order. Secure and input.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

An embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The configuration of FIG. 1 is generally the same as the device according to the previous proposal shown in FIG. 3, and since they are described in Japanese Patent Application No. 4-307381, only different points will be described below.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 93 is a manual insertion operation section 91.
94, a loading order storage unit that stores the order of the loading operation by
Is a manual closing delay time section that determines a predetermined delay time according to the closing by the manual closing operation section 91.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart for explaining an example of a procedure for controlling these parts 93 and 94.

In the manual operation section 90, in the automatic mode,
When the operation of manually inputting the capacitors is performed, the manual inputting operation unit 91 removes the input of these capacitors from the target of the automatic control, so that the optimum capacitor capacity determining unit 120 and the inputting for storing the order of the manual inputting are performed. Rank storage unit 93,
To the manual closing delay time section 94 having a counter 95 for starting counting of delay time in the manual closing operation,
A signal is transmitted (step a in the flowchart of FIG. 2), respectively. At this time, if the manual loading operation becomes complicated, the loading order storage unit 93 allocates and stores the loading order according to the order of operation, as in step b of FIG. Further, in response to the switching to the manual closing, the optimum capacitor capacity determination unit 1 shown in FIG.
A signal is sent to 20, and the turning on of the capacitor is removed from the target of automatic control.

Next, the manual input delay time unit 94 can read the delay time t of the operation condition setting unit 20 and preset the counter value N of the counter 95 corresponding to the data. However, if the delay time t is changed at this time,
The time accumulated up to that point is cleared, and the updated delay time t is preset (step k). In step l of FIG. 2, a voltage input and a current input are detected, and arithmetic processing for digital display or control of turning on / off is performed.

Next, the counter 95 is decremented (N-1) (step m). Since this series of steps takes 200 msec in one cycle, the value obtained by dividing the delay time t by 200 msec is actually the initial value of the counter 95.

Next, this cycle is repeated, and the counter 9
When the value of 5 is 0, that is, when the delay time elapses (step n), the manual input delay time unit 94 outputs the output state storage unit 6
The signal is sent to 0, the corresponding relay of the relay unit 72 of the output unit 70 is turned on, and the LED indicating the corresponding capacitor of the closing state display unit 85 is activated (step o).

Next, the delay time counter 95 is preset (step p), and since one output is completed, the priority order of manual insertion is changed (step q), and the process proceeds to the next process.

When the switching operation to the manual shutoff is performed,
In step c, it is determined to be YES, the preset d of the counter 95 and the priority change e are processed, and the optimum capacitor capacity determination unit 12 shown in FIG.
Send a signal to 0.

Then, a signal is sent to the output state storage unit 60 shown in FIG. 1 to immediately turn off the corresponding relay of the output unit 70. In the judgment processing step f of FIG. 2, Y is set when the mode is switched from manual closing to automatic or from manual shutoff.
A signal indicating the ES, the preset of the delay time counter 95, the change of the priority order and the change of the bank to be automatically controlled is shown in FIG. 1, the manual closing delay time section 94, the closing order storage section 93 and the optimum capacitor capacity determining section. To 120 respectively. The determination processes a, c, and f in FIG. 2 are determined as YES only when an operation is performed (for example, when a slide switch or the like is switched), that is, when the operation is changed.

[0030]

In the device according to the above-mentioned proposal, a plurality of manual closing operations are prohibited as a measure against the inrush current of the capacitor. However, it is troublesome to secure a predetermined time interval for manual closing, and the device is also complicated. Every time the power was turned on again, it was necessary to manually turn off all the capacitors to be turned on manually, then turn on the power again, and then turn on the capacitors one by one again at time intervals.

On the other hand, according to the present invention, even when the capacitors are manually turned on, the capacitors are turned on after the lapse of a predetermined delay time, and the operation of manually turning on a plurality of capacitors is performed simultaneously or within a short time. Even if it does, the time interval for turning on the capacitors is accurately set with a predetermined delay time, so that the adverse effect of the increase of the rush current due to the simultaneous turning on of the capacitors is eliminated. In addition, in the present invention, the change of the manual operation portion before the delay time of manual closing (e.g., change to manual closing → automatic, manual closing → manual shutoff by switching the switch) is sequentially monitored, and the change is detected. You can follow.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an automatic power factor adjusting device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a procedure for controlling a manual closing operation in the embodiment of the automatic power factor adjusting device of the present invention shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of an automatic power factor adjustment device according to the previous proposal.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Voltage Detection Section 12 Current Detection Section 13 Active Power Detection Section 14 Reactive Power Detection Section 15 Power Factor Detection Section 20 Operating Condition Setting Section 30 Judgment Section 31 Light Load Judgment Section 70 Output Section 72 Relay Section 80 Display Section 90 Manual Operation Section 91 Manual closing operation unit 92 Manual shutoff operating unit 93 Closing order storage unit 94 Manual closing delay time unit 101 Closing level calculation unit 102 Shutdown level calculation unit 103 Delayed reactive power calculation unit 104 Advance reactive power calculation unit 110 Reactive power integration unit 120 Optimal capacitor Capacity determination unit 130 Input capacitor capacity storage unit

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An automatic power factor adjusting device for detecting the power factor or reactive power of a current system and adjusting the power factor by turning on or off a phase advancing capacitor based on the detection result. A voltage detection unit that detects a voltage by transforming a current, a current detection unit that detects a current by transforming a current of the power system, an active power detection unit that detects active power from the detected voltage and current, the detected Reactive power detection unit for detecting reactive power from voltage and current, power factor detection unit for detecting power factor from the detected voltage and current, controllable minimum load, target power factor and voltage shift ratio, current shift ratio and Each operating condition of the capacitor capacity and the operating delay time is set and stored, an operating condition settling unit, each operating condition set by the operating condition settling unit, and the value of the active power detected by the active power detection unit. Based on Then, a closing level calculation unit that calculates the closing level of the capacitor, a closing capacitor capacity storage unit that stores the capacities of the capacitors that have already been turned on and the capacitors that are about to be turned on, among the capacitors,
A cutoff level calculation unit that calculates a cutoff level from the input level and the minimum value of the input capacitor capacity, a delay reactive power change amount calculation unit that calculates a change amount of delayed reactive power that exceeds the input level on the delay side, and the cutoff level The amount of change in the amount of advance reactive power that exceeds the amount of advance reactive power that exceeds the advance side is calculated, and the amount of change in the amount of delayed reactive power or the amount of change in advanced reactive power is integrated for the delay time set by the operation operation condition setter. Then, the reactive power integrating unit for determining the average value thereof, the closing level calculating unit, the operating condition setting unit, the closing capacitor capacity storage unit, and the reactive power integrating unit are used to determine a closing capacitor, and the cutoff level and the closing capacitor are determined. An optimum capacitor capacity determination unit that determines a capacitor to be cut off from the capacitor capacity storage unit and the reactive power integration unit, and the optimum capacitor capacity determination unit An output unit having a plurality of output circuits for turning on or off each of the capacitors according to the determination of the unit and a drive unit for driving the output circuit, an operation display unit for displaying the operation of each unit, a power factor of the power system or reactive power. Irrespective of the above, in an automatic power factor adjustment device equipped with a manual operation unit that can forcibly control the output unit to turn on or off the capacitor, the delay set by the operating condition setting unit to turn on the capacitor. The manual loading delay time section that takes in the time value, and the order of operation when the manual loading operation is operated simultaneously or multiple times within a short time is stored, and the loading order is stored sequentially according to the loading order. An automatic power factor adjusting device, which is equipped with a section, and is configured to be turned on after a delay time has elapsed when manually turning on the capacitor. 2. The automatic power factor adjusting device according to claim 1, wherein the loading order storage unit is configured to perform a plurality of manual operations in a short time corresponding to a plurality of capacitors during a manual closing operation of closing the capacitors after a delay time has elapsed. When a closing operation is performed, the order in which the manual closing operation is performed is stored and the delay time from one output to the next output is secured in that order, and the manual closing operation is performed. And an automatic power factor adjustment device. 3. The automatic power factor adjusting device according to claim 2, wherein when the manual power-on operation corresponding to the plurality of capacitors is performed in a power-off state, the power-on output storage unit stores the power-on order storage unit after power-on. The automatic power factor adjusting device is characterized in that the closing operation is performed according to a predetermined order, and the interval of each closing operation of the output circuit is secured by the manual closing delay time section.