JPH06319161A - Multi-contact self-hold type switch - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the magnetic drive ratio by arranging electromagnets in the unit of three magnets in a line and applying three kinds (positive, negative, zero) of DC signals to them in a predetermined order so as to decrease number of control wires and number of accessory switches. CONSTITUTION:The switch is provided with three electromagnets 2 or over, yokes 3, 4 fixed to each electromagnet 2, output electrodes 13 placed at an interval equal to the interval of the yokes 3, 4, a permanent magnet 11 movable between the yokes, a brush 15 fitted to the permanent magnet 11 with insulation, in contact with the output electrode 13 when an end face of the permanent magnet 11 opposes to an end face of the yokes 3, 4, and connecting to an input wire 22, and a control circuit 16 applying positive, zero and negative voltages independently to each electromagnet 2 and moving the permanent magnet 11 in a predetermined direction by selecting the combinations of the voltages in a predetermined sequence. Thus, the brush 15 provided to the permanent magnet 11 is in contact with a contact by stopping the movement of the permanent magnet 11 at a desired position to make connection at the position.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a multi-contact self-holding type switch used for telephone exchange or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a multi-contact switch for selecting an arbitrary one input line from N (N is a large number) output lines has been used in telephone exchange or the like. In order to reduce power consumption, this switch uses a self-holding function in which control power is supplied only at the time of connection switching and that state is maintained without power supply after connection or disconnection is performed. A typical conventional multi-contact self-holding type switch has the structure shown in FIG. That is, N connected in parallel with one input line 50
The contact points 51 were driven by the N electromagnets 52 and were connected to the N output lines 53. A semi-hard material has been used for the material of the core 54 of the electromagnet 52 for self-holding. The contact 51 is urged upward by a spring 56, and each electromagnet 52 is connected to the control line 5 connected to it.
8 and is entirely housed in a case 57.

[0003]

In such a configuration, N control lines are required in addition to the input / output lines, and N (not shown) for controlling the control voltage of the control lines is used. The attached switch was required separately. For this reason,
When the number of contacts increases, the number of control lines and external elements also increases in proportion to the increase in the cost of the switch system and the size of the switch system. In addition, a total of N electromagnets are used. No, 1 for opening and closing one contact
Since only one electromagnet contributes, there is a problem that the magnetic drive rate is poor. The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and reduces the number of control lines and the number of attached switches,
The magnetic drive ratio is improved.

[0004]

According to the invention of claim 1, three or more electromagnets, a yoke fixed to each electromagnet, an output electrode provided at an interval equal to the alignment interval of the yokes, and moving between the yokes. Possible permanent magnets, a contactor that is attached in a state where the permanent magnets are insulated, and a contactor that contacts the output electrode and is connected to the input electrode when the end surface of the permanent magnet faces the end surface of the yoke, and plus, zero to each electromagnet, And a control circuit for independently moving negative voltages and switching combinations of the voltages in a predetermined order to move the permanent magnet in a predetermined direction.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, permanent magnets are provided at at least two positions on one side and the other side of the peripheral surface of the rotatable rotary shaft, and when the permanent magnet rotates, the rotation center of the permanent magnet. Electromagnets arranged in units of multiples of 3 on the circumferential surface that is concentric with the circumferential surface formed by the end of the permanent magnet and separated from the circumferential surface by a small distance, and positive, zero, and negative voltages are independently supplied to each electromagnet. In addition, the control circuit for rotating the permanent magnet in a predetermined direction by switching the combination of the voltages in a predetermined order, the contactor connected to the input circuit attached to the permanent magnet in an insulated state, and the permanent magnet to the electromagnet. And an output electrode provided at a position where the permanent magnet comes into contact with the permanent magnet each time the maximum attractive force acts on the permanent magnet.

[0006]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the electromagnets having the yokes are arranged in a line, and by switching the signals supplied thereto in a predetermined order, a force for moving the permanent magnets in a predetermined direction acts. When the supply of the signal is cut off, the permanent magnet is attracted to the yoke and stops at that position.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the electromagnets having the yokes are arranged in a circle, and the permanent magnet pieces are provided inside the electromagnets so as to rotate, so that the signal supplied to the electromagnets is predetermined. By switching in order, the permanent magnet piece rotates in a predetermined direction. Then, when the supply of the signal is stopped, the permanent magnet is stopped at that location because an attractive force acts between the permanent magnet and the yoke.

[0008]

1 is a plan view, FIG. 1B is a right side view, FIG. 2C is a front view, and FIG. 2 is a view of the apparatus of FIG. It is a II-II sectional view. In this device, electromagnets 2a to 2n (the electromagnets 2a to 2n are collectively referred to as symbol 2) are mounted on a support 1, and yokes 3a to 3n made of a soft magnetic material are provided on one side of the electromagnets.
(The reference numeral 3 is used to collectively refer to the yokes 3a to 3n), but the yoke 4 also made of a soft magnetic material is provided on the other side.
a to 4n (the reference numeral 4 is used to collectively refer to the yokes 4a to 4n) are provided. Further, the frames 6a and 6b rise up from the vicinity of the center of the longitudinal end portion of the support base 1, a prismatic slide rail 7 is supported between the frames 6a and 6b, and the slider 1 is mounted on the slide rail 7.
0 is provided slidably. A permanent magnet 11 is attached to the upper portion of the slider 10 so as to have a width substantially the same as that of the yokes 3 and 4 and to have a predetermined gap with the yokes 3 and 4.

A prism-shaped table 12 is fixed near the tips of the frames 6a and 6b, and the output electrodes 13a to 13n (the reference numeral 13 is used to collectively refer to the output electrodes 13a to 13n) on the back side of the table, that is, the electromagnet 2 side. Is attached to the output lines 14a to 14n.
(The symbol 14 is used to collectively refer to the output lines 14a to 14n). A brush 15 is provided above the slider 10 and at a position slightly apart from the permanent magnet 11 in a state of being insulated from the slider 10.
The tip of 5 is folded back in a curved state. In the output electrode 13, the end surface of the permanent magnet 11 has the yokes 3, 4
It is provided at a position where it comes into contact with the brush 15 when it comes to a position facing the end surface of. The brush 15 is made of a conductive thin plate material, holds a constant spring force, and presses the table 12 with a predetermined force.
An input line 22 is drawn from the. One of the electrodes of the electromagnet 2 is grounded and the other is connected to the control lines 17a, 17b, 17c.
It is connected to the control circuit 16 via.

Of the plurality of electromagnets, the electromagnets 2a, 2d,
2g ... is connected to the control line 17a, and the electromagnets 2b, 2
are connected to the control line 17b, and the electromagnet 2
are connected to the control line 17c. As shown in FIG. 3, the control circuit 16 has built-in three-contact switches 16a to 16c, and power supplies 16d and 1
By switching the polarity of 6e, positive, negative, and zero voltages can be applied to the control lines 17a to 17c in an arbitrary time sequence.

Next, the operation will be described. 1 to 3 are shown schematically in FIGS. 4 to 8, and these drawings show only a part of FIG. 1 for the sake of simplification of the description.
First, in the initial state shown in FIG. 4, the control lines 17a-17
c is grounded, and the permanent magnet 11 has yokes 3b and 4b.
Is stationary between. Since the yokes 3 and 4 are made of a soft magnetic material, the permanent magnet 11 has the yokes 3b and 4 formed therein.
It is strongly sucked from b, and the force shown by the solid arrow acts. It is also sucked from other yokes as shown by the dotted arrow,
It has a weak suction because it is far away. As a result, the permanent magnet 11 stably stands between the yokes 3b and 4b. Although not shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, the brush 15 is in contact with the output electrode 13b at this position. That is, in the initial state, the input line 22 and the output line 1
4b connection is retained.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, when a positive voltage is applied to the control line 17a and a negative voltage is applied to the control lines 17b and 17c, the yokes 3a, 3b, 4c, 3d and 3e are magnetized to the S pole. , Yokes 4a, 4b, 3c, 4d, 4e
Is magnetized to the north pole. As indicated by the solid arrow, the permanent magnet 11 exerts an attractive force from the yokes 3c and 4c, and
Repulsive force is received from a, 3b, 4a, and 4b. The other yokes also receive a suction force or a repulsive force as indicated by a dotted arrow, but these forces are small because the distance is large. As a result, the permanent magnet 11 moves in the direction of the yokes 3c and 4c, that is, in the right direction in the drawing. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, when the permanent magnet reaches between the yokes 3c and 4c, it stops moving. Although not shown in the figure, the brush 15 and the output electrode 13c come into contact with each other at this position. At this time, as shown in FIG.
When c is grounded, the magnetization of the electromagnet 2 disappears. The permanent magnet 11 is attracted from the yokes 3c, 4c and others, but the attraction force is the largest because the yokes 3c, 4c are closest to each other. As a result, the electromagnet 11 moves toward the yokes 3c and 4
Stable stationary during c. That is, the input line 22 and the output line 1
The connection state of 4c is held.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8, when a positive voltage is applied to the control line 17c and a negative voltage is applied to the control lines 17a and 17b, the yokes 4a, 3b, 3c, 4d, 3e.
Is magnetized to the S pole, and the yokes 3a, 4b, 4c, 3d, 4
e is magnetized to the N pole. The permanent magnets 11 are the yokes 3d and 4
Since the suction force is received from d and the repulsive force is received from the yokes 3b, 3c, 4b and 4c, the yokes 3b, 3c, 4b and 4c move to the right again. The permanent magnet 11 can be moved to an arbitrary position by the same operation.

FIG. 9 shows a representation of the above operation on the time axis. In the initial state, the permanent magnet is the electromagnet 2
Although above b, the control lines 17a to 17c have + ---, ---
When +,-+-, and +-pulses are sequentially applied, the permanent magnet receives the rightward, rightward, rightward, leftward, and leftward forces, and sequentially moves onto the electromagnets 2c, 2d, 2e, 2d, and 2c. Further, when the voltage is cut off at each moving point, the permanent magnet 11 and the yokes 3, 4 are held at that position by the attractive force.
That is, the input line 22 can be connected to the arbitrary output line 14 by applying an appropriate voltage to the three control lines 17a to 17c, and power supply is not required to maintain the connected state.

FIG. 10 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, three electromagnets 18a-18c are used, and the yokes 3a, 3d, 3g, 4a, 4d, 4g are electromagnets 18a. When excited, the yokes 3b, 3e, 3h, 4b,
4e and 4h are excited by the electromagnet 18b, and the yokes 3c and 3h
f, 3i, 4c, 4f, and 4i are fixed to the electromagnet 18c. The electromagnets 18a-18c are control lines 17a-17c.
It is connected to the control circuit 16 via. Except for the electromagnet and the yoke, it is the same as the embodiment of FIGS. Also in this embodiment, if a control voltage as shown in FIG.
Such a force can be applied to the permanent magnet 11. As a result, the input line can be connected to an arbitrary output line as in the first embodiment, and it is not necessary to supply electric power to hold the input line.

With the above configuration, the input line can be connected to an arbitrary output line by three control lines and three auxiliary switches regardless of the number of output lines. However, although N electromagnets are used, the ones that contribute to the actual connection are limited to the electromagnets in the vicinity of the permanent magnets, and there is still room for devising the one that makes the magnetic drive rate a problem.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a third embodiment, in which electromagnets 2a to 2l (L) are fixed on the support base 1 at equal pitches on the same circumference, and one electrode of each electromagnet is The other electrode, which is grounded, is connected to the control circuit 16 via the control lines 17a to 17c. Electromagnets 2a, 2d, 2g, 2
j is connected to the control line 17a, and the electromagnets 2b, 2e, 2
f and 2k are connected to the control line 17b, and electromagnets 2c and 2k
f, 2h, and 21 (el) are connected to the control line 17c so that positive, negative, and zero voltages can be applied to the control lines 17a to 17c in an arbitrary time sequence. FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line XII-XII of FIG.
3 is a sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII in FIG.

In FIG. 11, permanent magnets 11a to 11d are provided.
Are fixed at equal pitches around a ring 21 rotatably attached to a central shaft 19 via bearings 20, and when facing the electromagnets 2a to 2l (ell), are separated from the electromagnet by a minute distance. Is configured. The permanent magnets 11a to 11d are magnetized to the N pole on the upper side and to the S pole on the lower side, and the lower end portion thereof is the brush 1 as shown in FIG.
5 is fixed. The brush 15 is made of a conductive thin plate material, holds a constant spring force, and is configured to press the support base 1 with a predetermined force. The output electrodes 13a to 13n are fixed on the support base 1 at the same pitch as the electromagnet 2, and when the permanent magnets 11a to 11d face the electromagnet 2, the output electrode 13 facing the electromagnet 2 moves to the brush 1.
It comes in contact with 5. The configuration of the control circuit 16 is similar to that of FIG.

Next, the operating principle of this embodiment will be described. FIGS. 14 to 18 schematically show FIG. 11 and show a part of FIG. 11 for simplification of description. FIG. 14 shows the initial state, and the control lines 17a to 17c are all grounded (denoted as 0 in the figure). The permanent magnets 11a to 11d are electromagnets 2a, 2d, 2g, 2k.
And the opposing electromagnets 2a, 2d, 2
The magnetic poles g and 2k are attracted, and as a reaction, the permanent magnet 11a
Forces indicated by solid arrows act on 11d. The permanent magnets 11a to 11d also have a force as indicated by a dotted arrow from other electromagnets, but the force acting on them is weak because they are far from each other. As a result, each of the permanent magnets 11a to 11d is shown in FIG.
Stable at position 4. Although not shown in FIGS. 14 to 18, at this position, the brush 15 and the output electrode 13a are provided.
Are in contact with each other. That is, the connection between the input line 22 and the output line 14a is maintained in the initial state. Since the holding force at this time is four permanent magnets, the holding force is four times as strong as when one holding magnet is used.

Next, as shown in FIG. 15, when a positive voltage is applied to the control line 17b and a negative voltage is applied to the control lines 17a and 17c, each electromagnet will have an N pole and an S pole as shown in the figure.
Magnetized to poles. As a result, the permanent magnet 11a receives an attractive force from the electromagnet 2b as indicated by the solid arrow, and the electromagnet 2b
Repulsive force is received from a and 2n. It is also attracted or repelled by other electromagnets, but these are small because they are far apart. As a result, the permanent magnet 11a receives a rotational force in the direction (clockwise direction) of the electromagnet 2b. Permanent magnet 11b
.About.11d also receive a similar force from the nearby electromagnets. Although not shown in the figure, the lower permanent magnet magnetic pole (see Fig. 3 XII-XII
A similar force acts on the lower magnetic pole in the cross-sectional view. As a result,
The permanent magnets 11a to 11d receive a force that rotates clockwise.

Then, as shown in FIG. 16, when the permanent magnet, for example, 11a reaches a position facing the electromagnet 2b, the rotation is stopped. Although not shown in the figure, the brush 15 and the output electrode 13b come into contact with each other at this position.

Next, as shown in FIG. 17, control lines 17a-1
When 7c is grounded, the magnetization of the electromagnet disappears. The permanent magnets 11a to 11d attract the magnetic poles of the surrounding electromagnets,
The nearest electromagnets 2b, 2e, 2h, 2k are attracted most strongly. As a result, a force indicated by an arrow acts on the permanent magnets 11a to 11d, and the permanent magnets 11a to 11d are stably stopped at the position shown in FIG. That is, the connection state between the input line 22 and the output line 14b is maintained.

Next, as shown in FIG. 18, when a positive voltage is applied to the control line 17c and a negative voltage is applied to the control lines 17a and 17b, the electromagnet is magnetized as shown in FIG. As a result, the permanent magnet 11a receives the attraction force from the electromagnet 2c, the repulsive force from the electromagnets 2a and 2b, and the other permanent magnets 11b to 11d receive the same force, and move again in the clockwise direction. Hereinafter, the brush 15 can be connected to an arbitrary output electrode by the same operation. Control lines 17a-1
It is also possible to rotate in the opposite direction by changing the combination of the voltages to 7c.

FIG. 19 shows the above operation on the time axis. In the initial state, the permanent magnet 11a is the electromagnet 2
above a. -+ On control lines 17a, 17b, 17c
When pulses of −, + −−, −− +, + −−, and − + − are sequentially applied, the permanent magnet receives forces in the clockwise direction, the clockwise direction, the clockwise direction, the counterclockwise direction, and the counterclockwise direction, and the electromagnet 2b. 2c,
It moves sequentially to 2d, 2c, and 2b. Further, when the voltage is cut off at each moving point, it is held at that position by the attractive force of the permanent magnet. That is, by appropriately applying voltages to the three control lines, the input line 22 can be connected to an arbitrary output line, and power supply is not required to maintain the connected state.

[0025]

According to the apparatus of the first aspect, the electromagnets are arranged in a line in units of three, and three kinds of positive, negative, and zero direct currents are supplied to the permanent magnets in a predetermined order. Move to. Therefore, by stopping the movement of the permanent magnet at a desired position, the contact provided on the permanent magnet comes into contact with the contact, and the connection is made at that position. Therefore, the number of control lines is set to 3 regardless of the number of contacts. Further, the attraction force of the permanent magnet and the yoke has an effect that the connection state of the contacts is stably maintained and self-holding property is provided.

According to the invention of claim 2, the contact is switched by the same operation as in claim 1, but the electromagnet is arranged on the circumference and a rotatable shaft is provided inside thereof, and one of the peripheral surfaces of the shaft is provided. Since the permanent magnets are provided at at least two positions on one side and the other side, the contactor and the contact provided on the permanent magnet come into contact with each other at the position where the permanent magnet is stopped, and the connection is made at that position. Further, the attraction force of the permanent magnet maintains the contact connection state in a stable manner, and self-holding property is provided. Further, by arranging the electromagnets circumferentially and using a plurality of permanent magnets, the driving force and the holding force can be increased as compared with the case where they are linearly arranged.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of the apparatus in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing an internal configuration of a control circuit.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an operation of the apparatus of FIG.

5 is a schematic view showing the operation of the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an operation of the apparatus of FIG.

9 is a graph for explaining a relationship between a signal supplied to the device of FIG. 1 and a moving direction of a permanent magnet.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration of a second exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration of a third exemplary embodiment.

12 is a sectional view taken along line XII-XII in FIG.

13 is a sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII in FIG.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the apparatus in FIG.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the apparatus in FIG.

16 is a schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the apparatus in FIG.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the apparatus in FIG.

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the apparatus in FIG.

FIG. 19 is a graph for explaining a relationship between a signal supplied to the device of FIG. 11 and a moving direction of a permanent magnet.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a configuration of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 support base 2 electromagnet 3, 4 yoke 5 arms 6 frame 7 slide rail 10 slider 11 permanent magnet 12 table 13 output electrode 14 output line 15 brush 16 control circuit 17 control line 18 electromagnet 19 center shaft 20 bearing 21 ring 22 input line

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A multi-contact self-holding switch for selecting one of a plurality of output electrodes and connecting it to one input electrode, comprising three or more electromagnets, and a yoke fixed to each of the electromagnets. An output electrode installed at an interval equal to the alignment interval of the yokes, a permanent magnet movable between the yokes, and an end surface of the permanent magnets attached to the permanent magnet in an insulated state and an end surface of the permanent magnet opposed to an end surface of the yoke. Sometimes, the contact that contacts the output electrode and is connected to the input electrode, and the positive, negative, and negative voltages are independently supplied to each electromagnet, and the permanent magnet is switched by switching the combination of the voltages in a predetermined order. A multi-contact self-holding switch comprising a control circuit for moving in a predetermined direction. 2. A multi-contact self-holding switch for selecting one of a plurality of output electrodes and connecting it to one input electrode, wherein one side and the other side of a peripheral surface of a rotatable shaft are provided. Permanent magnets provided at least at two places, and three of them on the circumferential surface which is concentric with the center of rotation of the permanent magnet when the permanent magnet rotates and is separated from the circumferential surface formed by the end of the permanent magnet by a minute distance. Electromagnets arranged in units of multiples, and a control circuit for independently supplying positive, zero, and negative voltages to each electromagnet and switching the combination of the voltages in a predetermined order to rotate the permanent magnets in a predetermined direction. A contactor connected to an input circuit attached to the permanent magnet in an insulated state, and the contactor each time the maximum attractive force acts on the permanent magnet when the permanent magnet is attracted to the electromagnet. Multi-contact self-holding type switch composed of the output electrode provided in contact with the position.