JPH06315250A - Assembling structure of spring for motor brush - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the occurrence of erroneous assembly by commonly using one kind of springs by assembling a pair of springs to spring supporting sections so that the springs can be arranged symmetrically in the lateral direction with respect to the axis of an armature and, at the same time, their end sections pressing brushes can be counterposed to each other. CONSTITUTION:At the time of fitting brush holders, brush springs 13 and 14 are assembled to spring holding sections 15 and 16 in advance so that their other end sections 13b and 14b can be respectively brought into contact with the external side faces of brushes 26 and 27 in the radial directions and the brushes 26 and 27 can be elastically pushed towards a commutator 10. Since the difference L between the fitting heights of the springs 13 and 14 to the sections 15 and 16 is approximately set to (X-d) (where, the X and d respectively represent the length of the springs and diameter of a coil), the end sections 13b and 14b of the springs 13 and 14 push the brushes 26 and 27 from nearly same positions when the springs 13 and 14 are respectively assembled to the sections 15 and 16 in the counterclockwise and clockwise directions. Therefore, the number of parts can be reduced and the occurrence of erroneous assembly can be prevented, and thus, the reliability of a motor can be improved, since the same spring can be used as the springs 13 and 14.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an assembling structure of a brush urging ammunition machine for a motor used in electric components for vehicles.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Generally,
In this type of motor, a pair of brushes retractably housed in a brush holder provided on a brush holder stay are urged via a bullet so as to slidably contact a commutator. , One end of each ammunition is fixedly supported on the brush holder stay side, the coil part is penetratingly supported by a pair of ammunition support parts formed on the brush holder stay, and the other end is twisted to press and urge the brush. A coil type may be adopted. By the way, since the brush is biased by the ammunition machine, the brush protrudes to the axial center side beyond the sliding surface of the commutator in the absence of the commutator. Therefore, when the armature is installed while the brush is in the protruding state when the motor is installed, the brush interferes with the installation of the armature, and the armature cannot be installed in practice. Therefore, conventionally, there is one that temporarily holds the brush against the ammunition at a position separated from the commutator, and after the armature is installed in this state, the temporary holding of the brush is released. Then, the work of temporarily holding each brush and the releasing work thereof are both necessary and troublesome, and there is a fear of forgetting the releasing work. For this reason, as shown in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 58-115862 and Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 58-166262, a brush unit in which a brush is set in advance in a brush holder is prepared, and a holder stay portion to which the brush holder is attached is prepared. It is proposed that an opening is formed, an armature is pre-assembled, and then a brush unit is assembled through the opening. However, in the former one, a brush unit is formed for each brush, and these brushes are separately fitted and assembled, so that the brush unit requires only the number of brushes, the number of parts is large, and the workability is poor, and The brush is urged by the ammunition machine incorporated in the brush unit to a state in which it is largely projected from the brush unit, so the brush is likely to collide with other members and be damaged before the brush unit is assembled into the holder stay. There is a problem such as. In contrast, the latter one is
Since a pair of brushes is built into one brush unit, there is an advantage that the number of brush units can be halved compared to the former one, but this one does not have a brush storage part and the brush is used as a brush holder. It is urged and supported through a leaf spring that is fixedly attached, and it cannot be held stably by the brush accommodating part of the brush, and the tip of the leaf spring contacts the peripheral surface of the commutator and opposes the brush. A guide receiving part is formed that widens the space and thereby guides the brush to slide against the commutator. In this case, the contact of the guide receiving part may damage the surface of the commutator. There is. Therefore, a pair of brush holders for accommodating the brushes are formed in the brush unit to ensure stable holding of the brush unit, and the brush is urged by an elastic machine in accordance with the incorporation of the brush unit into the holder stay. Attempting to do so, at this time, if the ammunition machine is of the above-mentioned twist coil type, it will be incorporated in a state in which the twist direction is opposite to the left and right. However, since the biasing positions of the two brushes by the bullets are almost the same, it is necessary to prepare two types of bullets with different left and right twisting directions, and to install them separately for left and right. As a result, there is a problem that the number of types of parts is not increased and that an error in assembling the ammunition is caused and the reliability is impaired. Therefore, these improvements are required.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention was devised with the object of providing an assembling structure of a brush urging ammunition machine for a motor which can eliminate these drawbacks in view of the above-mentioned circumstances. In the motor, the pair of brushes retractably housed in the brush holder provided on the brush holder stay are biased via the ammunition machine so that they are in sliding contact with the commutator in a pressed state. The coil length direction faces the axial length direction of the commutator, one end is supported by the brush holder receiving part side, the coil part is respectively supported by a pair of ammunition support parts formed on the brush holder stay in a penetrating manner, and the other end. The part is a twist coil type that presses and urges the brush, and the height of each mounting position of the pair of supporting units of the bullet is directed in the axial direction of the commutator by an amount approximately equivalent to the length of the bullet. Differently, a pair of ammunition is incorporated in the ammunition support part which is symmetrical with respect to the armature axis and has the other ends for pressing the brush facing the mutually opposite sides in the axial direction. It is what In this case, it is preferable that the difference in the axial direction between the mounting positions of the pair of bullet supporting units in the axial direction is L, the bullet length is X, the brush pressing position by the bullet is h, and the linear diameter of the bullet is It is to be set so that when d is set, the relation of L≈X−d or L≈h−d / 2 is satisfied.

According to the present invention, with this structure, it is possible to provide one type of ammunition while applying the ammunition urging force corresponding to the incorporation of the brush unit.

[0005]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 is a motor with a speed reduction mechanism that serves as a power source for electric components for vehicles, and a casing 2 of the motor 1 is attached to a bottomed cylindrical yoke 3 and an opening end portion of the yoke 3. And an end case 4 which is mounted on the yoke 3, and various members such as a permanent magnet 5, an armature shaft 6 and an armature core 7 are incorporated in the yoke 3, and the end case 4 includes an armature shaft 6 Worm gear 6a formed at the tip, and the worm gear 6a
A speed reducing mechanism such as a worm wheel (not shown) that meshes with is incorporated, but the basic structure of each of these is the same as that of the related art.

In the casing 2, the end portion on the yoke side of the end case 4 is constructed as a holder stay portion 9 into which a brush unit to be described later is incorporated. That is, the holder stay portion 9 has a bottomed tubular shape, and the commutator 10 formed integrally with the armature shaft 6 is provided in the tubular portion 9 a.
In the holder stay portion 9, the width B in the horizontal line H direction is longer than the width A in the vertical line V direction orthogonal to the axis of the armature shaft 6 (A <B). It has a shape. An insertion hole 9c through which the worm gear 6a is inserted is formed in the center portion of the cylinder bottom 9b of the holder stay portion 9, and the armature shaft 6 is rotatably supported at the peripheral edge of the insertion hole 9c. The fitting groove 9d for the bearing 12 is formed.

Further, on the side surface of the inner cylinder of the cylinder bottom portion 9b, the coil portions 13 of the pair of left and right twist coil type brush bullet machines 13, 14 are provided.
c and 14c are inserted into and supported by the left and right ammunition supporting portions 15 and 16, and one end portions 13a and 1 of the brush ammunition machines 13 and 14, respectively.
Left and right engaging portions 17 and 18 for engaging with 4a are provided in a protruding manner. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG.
All of these are above the horizontal line H, and the bullet support parts 15, 16 and the locking parts 17, 18 are vertical lines V.
Are provided symmetrically with respect to each other, and the locking portions 17 and 18 are provided below the ammunition supporting portions 15 and 16. Also, the brush bullet machines 13, 1
Both end portions 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b of No. 4 are linearly extended, and the extension tips are curved to be expanded. Moreover, the brush bullet coil unit 13c, 1
4c is inserted into and supported by the bullet supporting portions 15 and 16, and the one ends 13a and 14a of the bullet are clamped between the locking portions 17 and 18 and the inner peripheral surface of the tubular portion 9a to be locked. When the bullets 13 and 14 are in the natural state,
It is set so that b and 14b respectively project inward in the left and right direction and face the fitting path of brush holder leg portions 23b and 23c described later. Here, the left and right ammunition support parts 15,
The heights of the pedestal portions 15a and 16a formed on 16 are set as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the heights C and D of the attachment positions of the brush bullet machines 13 and 14 differ by an amount substantially corresponding to the length X of the brush bullet machines 13 and 14 (D≈C).
+ X) is set. This relationship is further illustrated in FIG.
9, the pedestal portion 15a of one ammunition support portion 15 is located at a height C from the cylinder bottom portion 9b, and the pedestal portion 16a of the other ammunition support portion 16 is located at a height D from the cylinder bottom portion 9b. Although there is a position, this height difference L (L = D−C) is a positional difference between the other pedestal portion 16a and one pedestal portion 15a, and this difference L is the coil diameter d. Then, the value obtained by subtracting the coil diameter d from the bullet length X, that is, is theoretically given by the formula L = X−d, and the difference L is based on the height C position of the pedestal portion 15a. , From here brush 26 by ammo 13
Pressure position (height, position of the coil axis of the ammunition, that is, d / 2
If the distance to the position) is h, then L = h−d / 2 or X = h + d / 2 = L + d. It suffices if it is set, that is, L≈D−C L≈X−d L≈h− (1/2) × d, and thus, the ammunition machines 13 and 14 having the same twisting direction. If left and right are attached to the ammunition support parts 15 and 16 so as to be point-symmetrical with respect to the armature shaft 6 (twisting direction is the same, but the mounting direction is opposite), the other ends 13b and 14b of the ammunition are at substantially the same height position. The projectiles 26 and 27 are urged by the above, so that it is possible to use the right and left brush ammunition machines 13 and 14.

Further, the cylindrical portion 9a of the holder stay portion 9 is
Recesses 19 are formed in the outer peripheral surface on the upper side with respect to the horizontal line H, and through holes 20 and 21 into which brush holder both leg portions 23b and 23c, which will be described later, are fitted from the outside are formed in both left and right portions of the recess 19. However, these through holes 20,
21 is inward to the left and right of the ammunition support parts 15 and 16,
It is located laterally outward of the commutator 10 and is symmetrical with respect to the vertical line V. Further, the through holes 20 and 21 have a substantially quadrangular shape, but the peripheral portions thereof are formed into tapered shapes 20a and 21a so that the outer side is wider and the inner side is narrower. A guide body 22 projecting toward the commutator 10 is integrally formed on the inner peripheral surface of the recess 19 between the through holes 20 and 21, and the guide body 22 is formed on both left and right sides of the guide body 22. Are formed with guide surfaces 22a and 22b extending from the through-hole tapered portions 20a and 21a and reaching the portions near both sides in the radial direction of the commutator 10.

On the other hand, 23 is a brush holder, and the brush holder 23 includes a mounting plate portion 23a and both leg portions 23b, 23.
Although it is integrally formed in a substantially U shape with c,
Square cylindrical brush accommodating portions 24 and 25 having open bottoms are formed at the tips of the legs 23b and 23c, and the brushes 26 and 27 are retractably accommodated therein. The brush holder 23, in which the brushes 26 and 27 are housed and unitized, is attached to the holder stay portion 9 in which the armature assembly including the armature shaft 6, the armature core 7, the commutator and the like is incorporated in advance. This mounting structure is as follows. That is, when the brush holder 23 is attached, the brush bullets 13 and 14 are previously attached to the bullet support portion 15,
The brush holder 16 is supported, and one end portions 13a and 14a thereof are locked to the locking portions 17 and 18. In this state, the brush holder both leg portions 23b and 23c are fitted into the through holes 20 and 21, respectively. At this time, as described above, the other end 13
b and 14b face this insertion path, and FIG.
As shown in, when both legs 23b and 23c are fitted,
The protrusions 24a and 25a formed on the left and right outer corners of the brush-brush accommodating portions 24 and 25 have the other ends 13b of the ammunition,
14b abutting it on the lower side, i.e. brush ammunition 13, 1
4 is pressed in the direction in which it is biased.

On the other hand, the brushes 26 and 27 accommodated in the brush accommodating portions 24 and 25 have their fitting tips at the commutator 10.
The guide surface 22a of the guide body 22 up to the position where
The brushes 26, 27 are inserted by being guided by the commutator 10 and guided by the commutator 10.
The other ends 13b, 14 of the ammunition at the same time when the two reach the left and right positions in the radial direction of the commutator 10.
b is disengaged from the protrusions 24a, 25a of the brush accommodating portion, and the brush 2
The brushes 26 and 27 are set so as to come into contact with the radially outer surfaces of the brushes 6 and 27 and to press the brushes 26 and 27 toward the commutator 10 side. Further, when the brushes 26, 27 reach the left and right positions in the radial direction of the commutator 10, the mounting plate portion 23a
Is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the concave portion 19 to restrict further fitting of the two leg portions 23b and 23c. In this state, the mounting plate portion 23a is screwed into the concave portion 19 to fix the brush. The holder 23 is configured to be integrally attached to the holder stay portion 9. In the figure, 2
3d, 23e, 24b and 25b are both leg portions 23a and 23b
And the drawing grooves for the pigtail 30 formed in the brush housing portions 24, 25, 24c, 25c are the fitting grooves of the other ends 13b, 14b of the bullets formed in the brush housing portions 24, 25, and 31 is It is an external connection terminal to which the tip of the drawn pigtail 30 is connected.

In the embodiment of the present invention constructed as described above, when the brushes 26, 27 are assembled into the motor 1, as described above, the brush bullet machine is mounted on the cylindrical bottom portion 9b of the holder stay portion 9 formed in the casing 2 in advance. 13 and 14 are assembled, and the armature assembly is assembled in the holder stay portion 9. Then, in this state, both legs 2 of the brush holder 23, in which the brushes 26 and 27 are previously incorporated, are unitized.
3b and 23c are fitted and incorporated into the through holes 20 and 21 of the holder stay portion 9. In this case, the brush unit has a pair of brush accommodating portions 2 formed in the brush holder 23.
Since the brushes 26 and 27 are incorporated in the brushes 4 and 25, the brush accommodating portion 2 of the brushes 26 and 27 is formed.
In addition to ensuring stable holding by Nos. 4 and 25, it is not necessary to form a brush unit for each brush, and the number of parts cannot be reduced, and the number of assembling work steps is also reduced.

Moreover, in this one, the brush bullet machine 1
3, 14 are not assembled in the brush holder 23, but are assembled in the holder stay portion 9, and the brush holder 2
Based on the fitting and assembling of 3 into the holder stay portion 9, the brushes 26 and 27 are elastically pressed at the timing when the brushes 26 and 27 have substantially reached both sides of the commutator 10 in the radial direction. When the brush unit is installed in the holder stay portion like the one in which the ammunition machine is installed in the brush holder, the brushes do not project greatly from the brush unit, so that the brushes 26 and 27 may collide with other members. To be avoided, the brush 26,
There is no need to temporarily hold 27 on the brush holder 23. Further, in this structure, when the brush unit is assembled to the holder stay portion 9, the brushes 26 and 27 are first guided by the tapered portions 20a and 21a of the through holes 20 and 21 and fitted into the through holes 20 and 21, respectively. The guide body 22 is provided up to the position where the fitting tip portion contacts the commutator 10.
Is guided by the guide surfaces 22a, 22b of the brushes, and thereafter guided by the commutator 10 to reach both sides of the commutator in the radial direction.
7 can be easily guided to an appropriate position. Moreover, when the brush unit is assembled, only the brushes 26 and 27 contact the commutator 10 in practice, and the guide receiving portion formed at the tip of the leaf spring does not slidably contact the commutator unlike the conventional one. As a result, there is no fear that the surface of the commutator will be damaged by the guide receiving portion. In addition, the ammo support 1 of the brush ammunition 13, 14
As for the mounting by 5, 16, since the difference L in mounting height is set to a length approximately obtained by subtracting the coil diameter d from the bullet length X, it is necessary to assemble the brush bullet machines 13 and 14 in the left and right reverse winding directions. Then, the other ends 13b and 14b of the ammunition are brought to substantially the same position and press the brushes 26 and 27. As a result, the same brush ammunition machines 13 and 14 can be used, the number of parts can be reduced, and an error in assembling can be prevented and the reliability can be improved. Moreover, since the brush ammunition machines 13 and 14 are of the twist coil type, the vibration accompanying the rotation of the commutator transmits the brush to vibrate the leaf springs, like the one using a leaf spring as the brush ammunition machine.
This makes it possible to avoid the problem that noise is generated. Further, since the brush unit is assembled from the outer peripheral surface side on the upper side of the holder stay cylindrical portion 9a, in the case where the speed reducing mechanism such as the worm wheel is incorporated from the upper side of the end case 4 as in the embodiment, Since the brush unit and the speed reduction mechanism can be assembled from the same direction, when the motor 1 is assembled on an automated line, it can greatly contribute to simplification of the line. Although the difference L between the attachment positions of the brush ammunition machines 13 and 14 is set according to the positions of the pedestals 15a and 16a in the above-described embodiment, the invention is not limited to this. As for the item, there is no pedestal, and the cylinder bottom position may be the ammunition mounting position.

[0013]

In summary, since the present invention is constructed as described above, the left and right brush ammunition machines are of the torsion coil type, and like the one using the leaf spring, they are accompanied by the rotation of the commutator. The vibration is transmitted through the brush and vibrates the leaf spring, which does not cause noise, but the difference in the mounting position is set to be approximately the length of the ammunition, By installing the same ammunition so as to be point-symmetrical with respect to the armature axis on the left and right, the other ends of both ammunition that press and urge the brush are at the same position. Therefore, the right and left brush ammunition can be a common one kind of ammunition, and it is not possible to reliably standardize the common parts, and it is possible to improve assembly mistakes and have high reliability. Can be provided at low cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a motor.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a holder stay portion.

FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a brush holder.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing how the brush unit is attached to the holder stay portion.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the brush holder portion showing a mounted state of the bullet.

FIG. 9 is an operation explanatory view showing the relation of the mounting state of the ammunition.

[Explanation of symbols]

 9 Holder stay part 10 Commutator 13 Brush ammo 13a One end of bullet 13b Ammo other end 13c Ammo coil part 14 Brush ammo 14a Ammo end 14b Ammo end 14c Ammo coil part 15 Ammo support part 16 ammo support 20 through hole 21 through hole 23 brush holder 23b leg 23c leg 24 brush accommodating part 25 brush accommodating part 26 brush 27 brush L difference in mounting height X ammunition length d coil diameter h of ammunition machine Brush pressing position

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Eiichi Machida 1-chome, Hirosawa-cho, Kiryu-shi, Gunma Prefecture 26-8 Ichibanchi Mitsuba Electric Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A motor in which a pair of brushes retractably housed in a brush holder provided on a brush holder stay are biased via a bullet so as to come into sliding contact with a commutator in a pressed state. The coil length direction faces the axial length direction of the commutator, one end is supported by the brush holder receiving part side, the coil part is respectively supported by a pair of ammunition support parts formed on the brush holder stay in a penetrating manner, and the other end. The part is a twist coil type that presses and urges the brush,
The height of each bullet mounting position of the pair of bullet supporting units is made different in the axial direction of the commutator by an amount substantially equivalent to the bullet length, and the pair of bullets are symmetrical with respect to the armature axis. And an assembling structure of a brush urging ammunition machine in a motor, characterized in that the other end for pressing the brush is incorporated in a corresponding ammunition carrier support portion so as to face the sides facing each other in the axial direction. 2. In claim 1, where L is the difference in the axial direction between the mounting positions of the pair of projectile support parts, X is the projectile length, and d is the linear diameter of the projectile, L≈ An assembly structure of a brush urging ammunition machine in a motor, which is set so as to satisfy a relationship of X-d. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the difference between the mounting positions of the pair of bullet supporting units in the axial direction is L, the brush pressing position by the bullet is h, and the linear diameter of the bullet is d. At this time, the assembly structure of the brush urging ammunition machine in the motor is set so as to satisfy the relation of L≈h−d / 2.