JPH0631487A - Positioning jig for welding piping - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To highly precisely execute the alignment of a mutual joint of tubes by guiding inner diameter of tubes to the same center with plural guide segments by supplying the pressure fluid to a central cylinder. CONSTITUTION:When a hydraulic oil is supplied from a port 1a to a cylinder 1, the relational position of a piston rod 2 and the cylinder 1 attached with screwing to a sleeve 3 is changed. The relational position of a link rod 6 supported with pivot to a central bracket 1c of the cylinder 1 and a link rod 7 supported with pivot to a bracket 3b of the sleeve 3 is changed. Because the movement of the link rod 7 is restricted a coil spring 8, so the link rod 6 begins to move at first. Segments supported with pivot to the link rods 6, 7 are abutted at first with a tube 50, and the insertion of a tube 51 is made easy. When the hydraulic oil is fully supplied, the segment 5 is expanded until fixing the tubes 50, 51 in the same center. The jig does not obstruct welding of the butt part.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a positioning jig for welding work in which various pipes or pipes and joints are aligned with each other in various piping works such as chemical plants and ships.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In high-pressure steam pipes of chemical plants, ships, etc., and in pipes of boilers, etc., the internal fluid has a high pressure. Has been adopted. In such a pipe, a groove is chamfered at the end of the pipe, and welding is performed with a prescribed weld bead layer thickness and buildup. When connecting the pipes, it is necessary to align the cores of the pipes with each other, and the same work is performed when the pipes are connected to a joint such as an elbow or a flange.

For aligning the cores of the tubes, a positioning device for aligning has been conventionally used. A typical example thereof is provided with a hollow cylindrical jig for restraining the outer peripheral surface of each end portion of a pair of pipes to be connected, as described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 57-52292, for example. A positioning block using bolts that change the amount of protrusion in the radial direction is arranged on the jig.

When such a jig is used, the pipe to be connected can be positioned coaxially with the jig, and the welding work can be carried out by constraining the cores together.

[0005]

One of the important things in pipes for connecting pipes by welding is to make sure that there are no irregularities in the joint portion with respect to the internal flow path, and if there are severe irregularities. In some cases, this causes turbulent flow of the internal fluid, so the inspection often fails.

On the other hand, in the method of aligning a pair of pipes by restraining the outer peripheral faces of the pipes, one of the causes is that the wall thicknesses of the pipes are not uniform. It is difficult to obtain certainty of alignment. In particular, when connecting the pipe and the elbow, the constraint on the elbow side is weaker and more unstable than that of the straight pipe, which is likely to occur.

As described above, in the positioning for restraining the outer peripheral surface side of the pipe, there is a high possibility that the inner peripheral portion of the joint portion will be displaced.

Further, since a jig is put on and taken out around the pipe, in the work of a large-diameter pipe of about 2000 mm, if the jig is included, the space required for the work becomes large. For this reason, it may interfere with the equipment around the piping, and it is necessary to determine the order of the piping and the like at the stage of equipment design, which not only requires a large amount of work as a whole, but also limits the shortening of the construction period.

The problem to be solved in the present invention is to enable the pipes or the pipes and various joints to be aligned with each other with high accuracy, and to eliminate the spatial obstacle of the piping work.

[0010]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a positioning jig that can be inserted between pipes for pipes or pipes and joints, and is for aligning the cores between these pipes or pipes and joints. A cylinder connected to the supply / discharge source of the working fluid,
A moving element connected to the piston rod of the cylinder; and a plurality of guide segments coaxially arranged around the cylinder and the moving element, the guide segment comprising:
The guide segment is connected to each of the cylinder and the mover by a pair of link rods that change their postures in the moving direction of the guide segment, and moves in the radial direction to expand the guide segment through the link rod when the piston rod advances. The feature is that it is possible.

Two link rods are connected between the mover and the guide segment, one on the front end side and the other on the base end side in the axial direction of each guide segment, and one of the link rods is extended when the piston rod advances. It is also possible to provide a resistance mechanism for giving a resistance to the operation of.

Further, a plurality of rollers are annularly arranged around each of the cylinder and the mover, and the rotation axes of these rollers are set in a posture orthogonal to the axis of the cylinder, and the diameter of a virtual circle drawn by the rollers is defined by the piston rod. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the guide segment is made larger than that when it is retracted.

[0013]

When the working fluid is supplied to the cylinder, the piston rod advances and the mover also advances. Since the cylinder is stationary and the mover moves relative to this, the one of the pair of link rods whose base ends are connected to the one that is connected to the mover side changes its posture. At this time, the link rod on the mover side is displaced in the direction in which the guide segment expands in the radial direction, and the guide segment also begins to change its posture. Therefore, the attitude of the link rod on the cylinder side can also be changed by the guide segment, and finally the guide segment can be set at the coaxial position radially separated from the cylinder and the moving element.

When the guide segment is inserted into the pipe or the joint in such a posture that the guide segment straddles the joints between the pipes or the pipe and the joint due to the movement of the guide segment, the guide segment can be inserted into the pipe or the joint. Upon hitting the circumference, the pipe or the joint is coaxially aligned using the guide segment as a copying member, and the cores can be aligned.

Further, for the link rod on the mover side,
By providing resistance when the guide segment moves in the expanding direction, the displacement of the link rod on the cylinder side becomes faster. Therefore, the guide segment increases the speed at which the portion corresponding to the base end side of the cylinder expands,
The guide segment passes through the tapered profile of the truncated cone and finally strikes the inner peripheral wall of the pipe or joint. Therefore, when the guide segment is tapered, the pipe or joint to be connected is covered around the guide segment, so that the work with a high degree of freedom becomes possible.

Further, when a plurality of rollers are provided which extend outside the outer contour of the cylinder when the piston rod of the cylinder is retracted so that each guide segment is in the storage position of the minimum radius, the rollers roll on the inner wall of the pipe. It can be moved.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a positioning jig of the present invention inserted into a joint portion of a pair of pipes to be welded, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are AA line and BB line in FIG. 1, respectively. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the arrow.

In the figure, a sleeve 3 is connected to the tip of a piston rod 2 of a hydraulic cylinder 1 as a mover,
The sleeve 3 is connected so as to be coaxially movable around the cylinder 1.

The cylinder 1 has a port 1a for hydraulic oil opened at its end face, and a hose 1b provided up to a hydraulic pump (not shown) is connected to the port 1a. The piston rod 2 housed in this cylinder 1 has a head 2a on the port 1a side.
A return coil spring 2b is interposed between the head 2a and the other end of the cylinder 1. As a result, when the hydraulic oil is supplied from the port 1a, the piston rod 2 moves to the position shown in FIG.
When the working hydraulic pressure is attenuated, the restoring force of the coil spring 2b restores the state shown in FIG.

The sleeve 3 is connected to the tip of the piston rod 2 and is integrally movable with the cylinder 1 with the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 1 as a sliding surface. Further, a hook 3a for hanging a wire or the like is provided at the tip of the sleeve 3, and this wire is used for moving in the tube.

As shown in FIG. 2, a total of six brackets 4a are radially connected to one end of the cylinder 1 on the port 1a side and the tip of the sleeve 3 in the moving direction. The brackets 4a each have a tip. The roller 4 is rotatably provided. These rollers 4 are connected to tubes 50, 51
It is used to move the device in the tubes 50 and 51 by rolling on the inner peripheral surface of the tube. The roller 4 is made of an elastic material such as rubber so that the inner walls of the tubes 50 and 51 are not scratched or the bead after welding is scraped off when the apparatus is moved.

A total of six guide segments 5 are arranged around the cylinder 1 and the sleeve 3 as shown in FIG. These guide segments 5 are connected to the cylinder 1 and the sleeve 3 respectively by link rods 6 and 7 provided between the bracket 1c and 3b at the base end of the sleeve 3 and a substantially intermediate position in the axial direction of the cylinder 1. It is a thing. The link rods 6 and 7 have the same length, and the guide segment 5 is connected to the cylinder 1 and the sleeve 3 by a four-bar linkage mechanism and is operated so as to expand and contract in the radial direction by the movement of the sleeve 3. To do.

Further, a tension coil spring 8 is provided between the guide segment 5 and the sleeve 3 and between the link rod 7 and the bracket 3b connecting them. The tension coil spring 8 has one end that is close to the pivot point of the guide rod 5 and the link rod 7.
And the other end is connected to the bracket 3b in a posture having an axis on a surface closer to the sleeve 3 than the link rod 7. By incorporating the tension coil spring 8 as described above, the link rod 7 is biased toward the sleeve 3 around the pivot point of the bracket 3b in FIG. Therefore, when the link rod 7 moves in the radial direction so as to be separated from the sleeve 3, the link rod 7 receives a resistance due to the tension of the tension coil spring 8.

In FIG. 1, there is no supply of hydraulic oil to the cylinder 1, the piston rod 2 is at the most retracted steady position, and the sleeve 3 is at the position where the total length is the shortest relative to the cylinder 1. Since the brackets 1c and 3b of the cylinder 1 and the sleeve 3 are close to each other,
The link rods 6 and 7 lie in a direction along the axis of the cylinder 1 and the sleeve 3, and the diameter of the virtual circle formed by the peripheral surface of each guide segment 5 is the smallest.

The device in such a state has a shape before being inserted into the pipe, and as is apparent from the drawing, the roller 4 is projected more in the radial direction than each guide segment 5. Therefore, when plugging the device into the tube,
It is prevented that an arbitrary number of the rollers 4 come into contact with the inner peripheral wall of the tube to roll and to scratch the inner wall of the tube as described above.

The centering of the pipe by the positioning device having the above construction is performed by the following work.

First, the other tube 51 connected thereto is temporarily fixed to the tube 50 with the axes aligned, and the positioning device is inserted from the right end side of the tube 50. At this time, a wire is hooked on the hook 3a, and the portion of the wire that has come out of the left end of the tube 51 is pulled to set the device to the position shown in FIG.

Next, a hydraulic pump (not shown) is operated to supply hydraulic oil from the hose 1b to the cylinder 1. As a result, the piston rod 2 receives a load due to the hydraulic pressure,
In FIG. 1, it moves to the left side and the sleeve 3 is advanced.

FIG. 4 shows a state during the initial transition period in which the piston rod 2 is moving.

As described above, the link rod 7 on the sleeve 3 side is constrained by the tension coil spring 8 which gives resistance when the link rod 7 moves in the rising direction. On the other hand, if the tension coil spring 8 is not present when the sleeve 3 advances, the link rod 6 on the cylinder 1 side and the link rod 7 on the sleeve 3 side move due to the movement of the pivot point of the link rod 7 with the bracket 3b. At the same speed, the postures are changed at different standing angles. However, the link rod 7
Since the resistance of the tension coil spring 8 acts on this, it is delayed from the rising of the other link rod 6. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the link rod 6 on the cylinder 1 side first rises largely and the rising angle of the link rod 7 on the sleeve 3 side is smaller than this.

From the above, since the rising angles of the link rods 6 and 7 are different when the hydraulic oil is started to be supplied, each guide segment 5 has a frustoconical profile in which the sleeve 3 side is narrowed. become. Therefore,
As shown in the figure, the guide segment 5 is gradually displaced so as to expand its radial position, while the cylinder 1 is in a posture in which the axis of the cylinder 1 is lowered frontward.

Here, the entire guide segment 5 is the pipe 5.
At the stage before hitting the inner circumference of 0, 51, the profile formed by each guide segment 5 is tapered as shown in FIG. Therefore, even if the pipe 51 to be connected is not aligned with the pipe 50 in advance, the pipe 51 can be easily set after the tapered shape. That is,
The circle formed by the guide segment 5 protruding from the pipe 50 is sufficiently smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe 51.
It is possible to set the pipe 51 so as to face the joint surface of the mating pipe 50 while imitating.

When the piston rod 2 further advances by the supply of hydraulic oil and the guide segment 5 expands in the radial direction, the end portions of all the guide segments 5 corresponding to the base end side of the cylinder 1 are piped first. Hit the inner circumference of 50. On the other hand, the link rod 7 on the sleeve 3 side also continues to rise,
Even if the one end side of all the guide segments 5 is restrained by the inner periphery of the pipe 50 and the movement of the link rod 6 on the cylinder 1 side is stopped, the link rod 7 continues to rise due to the continuing advancing operation of the sleeve 3. Therefore, what was in the state of FIG. 1 gradually shifts to the posture of FIG. 5, and the axis of the cylinder 1 comes to coincide with that of the tubes 50, 51.

Due to the movement of the link rods 6 and 7 and the displacement of the guide segment 5, the entire guide segment 5 abuts the inner peripheral walls of the pipes 50 and 51, as shown in FIG. Then, due to the hydraulic pressure, the guide segment 5 strongly pushes the inner walls of the pipes 50 and 51 to the outside, and the reaction force thereof causes the cylinder 1 itself to be aligned with the pipe 50. Therefore, the pipe 51 connected by the guide segment 5 of the positioning device aligned with the pipe 50 is also aligned, and as a result, the cores of the pipes 50 and 51 can be aligned with each other.

After centering the pipes 50, 51 as described above, while keeping the guide segment 5 in the position shown in FIG.
The groove of 51 is welded and joined. During this welding operation, the sleeve 3 covers the tip of the piston rod 2 even if the piston rod 2 moves, so that the bead or the like dropped from the joint portion of the pipes 50, 51 will not be touched during the welding operation. Therefore, no foreign matter or the like adheres to the peripheral surface of the piston rod 2, and the movement of the cylinder 1 is not hindered.

When the welding of the pipes 50, 51 is completed, the hydraulic pressure by the hydraulic pump is released, and the piston rod 2 in the advanced position is retracted by the restoring force of the coil spring 2b. By this operation, the one in the state of FIG.
Finally, as shown in FIG. 1, all of the guide segments 5 return to the positions contracted in the radial direction. And
The wire is pulled to move the device to the left end of the pipe 51, and the centering of the pipe to be connected next is performed in the same manner.

FIG. 6 shows an example applied to centering when the flange 52 is joined to the pipe 50 by butt welding.

Most of the positioning device is the same as that described above, and only the shape of the guide segment 5 is different. That is, as shown in the drawing, the tip end side of the guide segment 5 is provided with a holder 5a having a shape that abuts against the end surface of the flange 52 and embraces it in the radial direction.

In the case of the flange 52, it is possible to work in the same manner as the centering of the tubes. First, the piston rod 2 is retracted to contract each guide segment 5 in the radial direction. Then, after the flange 52 is set on the end surface of the pipe 50, hydraulic oil is supplied to the cylinder 1 to spread the guide segment 5 in the radial direction, and the guide segment 5 is provided on the inner peripheral wall of each of the pipe 50 and the flange 52 as shown in the drawing. Align them by abutting them. And the pipe 50
The axial position of the flange 52 with respect to is determined by the restraining force of the holder 5a.

FIG. 7 is a view showing a state of centering with respect to the hub flange 53 by the same device as that of FIG. Even in the case of the hub-equipped flange 53, the centering work for the pipe 50 can be performed in the same manner as described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 8 is a view showing the state of centering of the elbow 54 with respect to the pipe 50.

The positioning device is the same as that shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, and the guide segment 5 is set so that the tip side thereof straddles the joint between the pipe 50 and the elbow 54.

Here, unlike the joining of pipes, flanges, etc., the elbow 54 is a bent pipe and the guide segment 5 cannot be inserted deeply into it. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the posture of the elbow 54 with respect to the pipe 50 so as not to change. In the illustrated example, the auxiliary jig 9 is provided on the open end side of the elbow 54, and the wire 1 is provided between the auxiliary jig 9 and the sleeve 3.
Multiply by 0.

The auxiliary jig 9 is provided with a holder 9a which can be attached to and detached from the elbow 54, a bolt 9b provided on the holder 9a so as to be movable in the axial direction, and a nut 9c screwed to the bolt 9b. By rotating the nut 9c, the bolt 9b moves forward and backward in the axial direction without rotation, and is attached to the holder 9a so that the posture of the axial line can be swung up and down in the figure. The wire 10 has one end connected to the tip of the bolt 9b and the other end connected to the hook 3a of the sleeve 3.
Wire as if it was hung on.

By providing the auxiliary jig 9 as described above, if the length of the wire 10 is adjusted by the bolt 9b to such an extent that the wire 10 is tensioned, the elbow 54 receives the acting force pulled toward the sleeve 3 side. Therefore, the elbow 54 can be held while being biased toward the pipe 50. When the guide segment 5 is enlarged, the sleeve 3 also moves toward the elbow 54 side. Therefore, in order to keep the tension of the wire 10, the nut 9c is rotated and the bolt 9b is moved to pull up the wire 10 diagonally. The posture of the elbow 54 with respect to 50 is constrained to perform centering.

FIG. 9 is a view showing a situation in which the T joint 55 is centered on the pipe 50.

As shown in the figure, a pair of jigs 9 for the elbow 54 shown in FIG. 7 are attached to both open ends of the T-joint 55 having the same axis. Then, as in the previous example, the jig 9
Wires 10a and 10b are respectively connected to the bolt 9b of the above, and these are hooked on the hook 3a of the sleeve 3.

The centering of the T-joint 55 with respect to the pipe 50 is exactly the same as that of the elbow 54 shown in FIG.

In each of the above examples, the sleeve 3 is provided as a member connected to the piston rod 2. Instead of such a sleeve 3, a block 11 may be provided at the tip of the piston rod 2 as a mover as shown in FIG.

As shown in the figure, the block 11 connected to the tip of the piston rod 2 is separate from the cylinder 1, and the base end of the link rod 7 and the tension coil spring 8 is connected to its bracket 11a. Other structures are similar to those of the previous example, and the link rods 6, 7 are interlocked with the movement of the block 11 due to the advance of the piston rod 2.
Can be aligned with each other by standing up their respective postures and abutting the guide segment 5 on the inner walls of the tubes 50, 51.

[0051]

According to the present invention, the pipes and joints to be welded are aligned with each other by utilizing the guide segments that abut against the respective inner walls, so that the positioning can be performed with reference to the inner peripheral wall. For this reason, joining can be performed without causing irregularities in the internal flow path at the joint portion, and turbulence of the internal fluid can be prevented. Further, since the inside of the pipe or the joint is simply used as a working space, there is no interference with equipment around the pipe even when connecting a large diameter pipe, and the workability of positioning and welding work is improved.

Further, by giving a resistance to the operation of the link rod for moving the guide segment in the expanding direction, the guide segment can be expanded in a truncated cone shape. For this reason, if the tapered portion of the guide segment is projected from one of the pipes, it becomes easy to cover the pipes and joints to be connected for temporary positioning, and the work load is reduced especially for large diameter pipes. can do.

Further, a roller which rolls against the inner peripheral wall of the pipe is provided, and when the joining work is not performed, the inside of the pipe can be moved by this roller, and it is possible to prevent the inner wall of the pipe from being damaged.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view when set in two tubes for connecting a positioning jig of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a displacement state of a guide segment due to rising of a link rod after starting to supply operating hydraulic pressure to a cylinder.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an alignment state in a state where the guide segment is expanded in the radial direction and abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the pipe.

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an alignment state when a pipe and a flange are joined by butt welding.

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an alignment state of a pipe and a flange with a hub.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an alignment state of a tube and an elbow.

FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an alignment state of a pipe and a T joint.

FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example in which a block instead of a sleeve is provided as a moving element at the tip of a piston rod.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Cylinder 2 Piston Rod 3 Sleeve (Motor) 4 Roller 5 Guide Segment 6 Link Rod 7 Link Rod 8 Tension Coil Spring (Resistance Mechanism) 9 Auxiliary Jig 10, 10a, 10b Wire 11 Block 50, 51 Pipe 52 Flange 53 Hub Flange 54 Elbow 55 T Joint

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A positioning jig for inserting pipes between pipes or pipes and joints and for aligning cores between these pipes or pipes and joints, and a supply / discharge source of working fluid. A cylinder connected to the cylinder, a mover connected to the piston rod of the cylinder, and a plurality of guide segments coaxially annularly arranged around the cylinder and the mover. A pair of link rods that change their attitudes are connected to each of the cylinder and the mover, and when the piston rod advances, it is possible to move the guide segment in a direction to radially expand the guide segment. Positioning jig for pipe welding. 2. The number of link rods connected between the mover and the guide segment is two, which are respectively connected to the tip end side and the base end side in the axial direction of each guide segment, and are set to 2 when the piston rod advances. 2. The pipe welding positioning jig according to claim 1, further comprising a resistance mechanism that applies a resistance to an operation of one of the link rods of the book. 3. A plurality of rollers are arranged in a ring around each of the cylinder and the mover, and the rotation axes of these rollers are in a posture orthogonal to the axis of the cylinder.
2. The pipe welding positioning jig according to claim 1, wherein a diameter of a virtual circle drawn by the roller is made larger than that of the guide segment when the piston rod retracts.