JPH06306640A - High temperature exposure material - Google Patents
High temperature exposure materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06306640A JPH06306640A JP9906193A JP9906193A JPH06306640A JP H06306640 A JPH06306640 A JP H06306640A JP 9906193 A JP9906193 A JP 9906193A JP 9906193 A JP9906193 A JP 9906193A JP H06306640 A JPH06306640 A JP H06306640A
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
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- thickness
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- undercoat layer
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- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、高温被曝材料に関し、
特に、ガスタービンの翼、ディーゼルエンジンピストン
ヘッド等に適用される耐熱性、耐高温腐食性コーティン
グ材料に関する。FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to high temperature exposed materials,
In particular, it relates to a heat-resistant and high-temperature corrosion-resistant coating material applied to gas turbine blades, diesel engine piston heads, and the like.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】ガスタービン翼等の高温被曝材料は、通
常、低い熱伝導性と高い輻射率を有し、かつ、耐酸化性
に優れているZrO2 系のセラミックスで被覆されてい
る。皮膜を大別すると、次の2種類である。 (1) YSZ(イットリア安定化ジルコニア)溶射皮膜:
Co基又はNi基の耐熱超合金に、ボンドコートと呼ば
れるMCrAlY(M:Co及び又はNi)合金層を介
してYSZ(例えば、ZrO2 ・8Y2 O3 )を溶射し
た皮膜で、YSZは溶融状態で吹き付けるため、層状組
織をなしている。 (2) YSZのEB・PVD皮膜:Co基又はNi基の耐
熱超合金に、ボンドコートと呼ばれるMCrAlY
(M:Co及び又はNi)合金層を介してYSZを電子
ビーム加熱真空蒸着法(EB・PVD法)で成膜した皮
膜で、YSZは柱状組織をなしている。上記の高温被曝
材料の具体例を表1に、基材、中間層(ボンドコート
層)及び皮膜(トップコート層)の組成を表2に示し
た。2. Description of the Related Art Materials exposed to high temperatures such as gas turbine blades are usually coated with ZrO 2 -based ceramics which have low thermal conductivity, high emissivity and excellent oxidation resistance. The films are roughly classified into the following two types. (1) YSZ (yttria-stabilized zirconia) spray coating:
YSZ (for example, ZrO 2 · 8Y 2 O 3 ) is thermally sprayed on a Co-based or Ni-based heat-resistant superalloy through a MCrAlY (M: Co and / or Ni) alloy layer called a bond coat, and YSZ is a melt. Since it is sprayed in the state, it has a layered structure. (2) YSZ EB / PVD film: Co-based or Ni-based heat-resistant superalloy, MCrAlY called bond coat
A film formed by depositing YSZ by an electron beam heating vacuum vapor deposition method (EB / PVD method) via an (M: Co and / or Ni) alloy layer, and YSZ has a columnar structure. Specific examples of the above-mentioned high temperature exposure material are shown in Table 1, and the compositions of the base material, the intermediate layer (bond coat layer) and the film (top coat layer) are shown in Table 2.
【0003】[0003]
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0004】[0004]
【表2】 [Table 2]
【0005】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記の高温被曝材料
は、基材と皮膜の熱膨張係数の差により割れが発生し易
く、剥離の原因となる。そこで、層間の熱応力を緩和す
るために、YSZ溶射皮膜の熱膨張係数を厚さ方向に徐
々に変化する傾斜組成法などの基礎研究がなされている
[日本金属学会誌、vol.56,No.4(1992),p.472 〜480]
が、未だ実用化されるに至っていない。The above high temperature exposed material is liable to crack due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the base material and the film, which causes peeling. Therefore, in order to relieve the thermal stress between layers, basic research such as a gradient composition method in which the thermal expansion coefficient of the YSZ thermal spray coating is gradually changed in the thickness direction has been conducted.
[Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals, vol.56, No.4 (1992), p.472-480]
However, it has not been put to practical use yet.
【0006】また、EB・PVD皮膜は、皮膜の成長方
向が基材に垂直な柱状のセル構造であるため、熱サイク
ルに強いとの評価 (Intermational Gas Turbine Aeroen
gineCongress and Exposition,Orland. ASME,91-GT-40)
と、大気溶射より少し劣るとの評価(川崎重工業技報,1
12号1992年 1月)に分かれている。そこで、本発明は、
上記の欠点を解消し、基材と皮膜との耐剥離性の優れた
高温被曝材料を提供しようとするものである。Further, since the EB / PVD coating has a columnar cell structure in which the growth direction of the coating is perpendicular to the substrate, it is evaluated that it is resistant to thermal cycles (Intermational Gas Turbine Aeroen).
gineCongress and Exposition, Orland. ASME, 91-GT-40)
And a little inferior to atmospheric spraying (Kawasaki Heavy Industry Technical Report, 1
No. 12 January 1992). Therefore, the present invention is
It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks and provide a high temperature exposed material having excellent peeling resistance between a base material and a film.
【0007】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、(1) Co基若
しくはNi基の耐熱超合金基材又はそれらの表面にMC
rAlY(M:Co及び又はNi)の超合金層を備えた
基材、該基材の上に形成されるRh,Pt及びIrの群
から選ばれた1種よりなる厚さ0.05μm以上のアン
ダーコート層、並びに、該アンダーコート層の上に形成
される厚さ50μm以上の安定化ZrO2 のトップコー
ト皮膜からなることを特徴とする高温被曝材料、及び、
(2) アンダーコート層とトップコート皮膜との間に、酸
素の一部が化学量論的組成から欠損した安定化ZrO2
の厚さ0.5〜4μmの遷移層を設けたことを特徴とす
る上記(1) 記載の高温被曝材料である。The present invention provides (1) a Co-based or Ni-based heat-resistant superalloy substrate, or MC on the surface thereof.
A base material provided with a superalloy layer of rAlY (M: Co and / or Ni), and one or more selected from the group of Rh, Pt and Ir formed on the base material and having a thickness of 0.05 μm or more. An undercoat layer, and a high temperature exposed material comprising a topcoat film of stabilized ZrO 2 having a thickness of 50 μm or more formed on the undercoat layer, and
(2) Stabilized ZrO 2 in which a part of oxygen is lost from the stoichiometric composition between the undercoat layer and the topcoat film.
The high temperature exposure material according to (1) above, wherein a transition layer having a thickness of 0.5 to 4 μm is provided.
【0008】[0008]
【作用】本発明者等は、Co基耐熱超合金基材にYSZ
皮膜を直接形成するときの、剥離の原因を調べたとこ
ろ、YSZ皮膜に開気孔が存在するためか、YSZがイ
オン伝導性を有して酸素イオンが供給されるためか、明
確でなかったが、上記基材と皮膜との界面にAl2 O3
等の厚い酸化物層が形成されることに起因するものと推
定された。The present inventors applied YSZ to the Co-based heat-resistant superalloy substrate.
When the cause of peeling was investigated when the film was formed directly, it was not clear whether the YSZ film had open pores or the YSZ had ion conductivity and oxygen ions were supplied. , Al 2 O 3 on the interface between the substrate and the film
It was assumed that this was due to the formation of a thick oxide layer such as.
【0009】そこで、本発明では、Co基若しくはNi
基の耐熱超合金基材又はそれらの表面にMCrAlY
(M:Co及び又はNi)の超合金層を備えた基材と安
定化ZrO2 のトップコート皮膜との間に、Rh,Pt
及びIrの群から選ばれた1種よりなるアンダーコート
層を設けることにより、基材とトップコート皮膜との界
面に酸化物の析出を防止しようとするものである。アン
ダーコート層のRh,Pt、Ir等の金属は高温耐酸化
性に優れ、融点が高く、高温使用時に液相を形成するこ
ともないところから、上記の酸化物の析出を抑制するも
のと思われる。Therefore, in the present invention, Co-based or Ni-based
-Based heat-resistant superalloy substrates or MCrAlY on their surface
Rh, Pt is formed between the base material having a superalloy layer of (M: Co and / or Ni) and the stabilized ZrO 2 top coat film.
By providing an undercoat layer consisting of one selected from the group consisting of Ir and Ir, it is intended to prevent the precipitation of oxides at the interface between the substrate and the topcoat film. Metals such as Rh, Pt, and Ir in the undercoat layer have excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, have a high melting point, and do not form a liquid phase during high-temperature use. Therefore, they are thought to suppress the precipitation of the above oxides. Be done.
【0010】アンダーコート層の厚さは、0.05μm
以上が必要であり、これを下回ると上記金属の数10原
子層以下になるため、基材全面を確実に被覆することが
できず、酸化物析出の抑制効果が十分でなくなる。な
お、上記の金属は高価な貴金属であるため、経済性を考
慮すると、その上限は3μm程度である。The thickness of the undercoat layer is 0.05 μm
The above is required, and if it is less than this, the number of atomic layers of the above metal is several tens or less, so that the entire surface of the base material cannot be reliably covered, and the effect of suppressing oxide precipitation is insufficient. Since the above metals are expensive noble metals, the upper limit thereof is about 3 μm in consideration of economical efficiency.
【0011】トップコート皮膜として形成される安定化
ZrO2 は、Y2 O3 、MgO、CaO等の安定化物質
を7〜10%程度固溶し、部分的若しくは完全に安定化
したZrO2 が使用される。トップコート皮膜の厚さ
は、一般的には50〜400μmの範囲であるが、実用
上は250〜300μmの範囲が適当である。Stabilized ZrO 2 formed as a top coat film is a partially or completely stabilized ZrO 2 in which a stabilizing substance such as Y 2 O 3 , MgO or CaO is dissolved in about 7 to 10%. used. The thickness of the top coat film is generally in the range of 50 to 400 μm, but practically the range of 250 to 300 μm is suitable.
【0012】また、本発明は、アンダーコート層とトッ
プコート皮膜との間に、酸素の一部が化学量論的組成か
ら欠損した安定化ZrO2 からなる厚さ0.5〜5μm
の遷移層を設けることにより、YSZのトップコート皮
膜の厚膜化を可能にした。Further, the present invention includes, between the undercoat layer and the topcoat coating thickness 0.5~5μm which part of oxygen is made of stabilization ZrO 2 deficient from stoichiometry
By providing the transition layer of, it is possible to thicken the YSZ top coat film.
【0013】[0013]
【実施例】表2のECY768基材の上に、表3〜5
(表5は表4の続き)に記載の製造条件にしたがって、
ボンドコート層(No.20,21は省略)、アンダー
コート層(No.1〜3は省略)、遷移層(No.1〜
14及びNo.20,21は省略)、及び、トップコー
ト層を形成し、耐酸化試験及び耐熱衝撃試験を行い、か
つ、その結果に基づいて総合評価を行って、表5に記載
した。また、厚膜化試験結果も併せて記載した。EXAMPLES On the ECY768 substrate of Table 2, Tables 3-5
According to the manufacturing conditions described in (Table 5 is a continuation of Table 4),
Bond coat layer (Nos. 20 and 21 omitted), undercoat layer (Nos. 1 to 3 omitted), transition layer (Nos. 1 to 1)
14 and No. 20 and 21 are omitted), and a topcoat layer is formed, an oxidation resistance test and a thermal shock test are performed, and comprehensive evaluation is performed based on the results, and the results are shown in Table 5. The results of the thickening test are also shown.
【0014】[0014]
【表3】 [Table 3]
【0015】[0015]
【表4】 [Table 4]
【0016】[0016]
【表5】 [Table 5]
【0017】耐酸化試験は、大気中で1000℃に保持
して皮膜の一部が剥離したり、浮き上がるまでの時間で
評価した。判定基準は5000時間を上回るものを○、
3000〜5000時間の間のものを△、3000時間
未満のものを×と表記した。The oxidation resistance test was evaluated by keeping the temperature at 1000 ° C. in the atmosphere and the time until a part of the film peeled off or floated. Judgment criteria are ○ if it exceeds 5000 hours,
Those between 3000 hours and 5000 hours were indicated by Δ, and those less than 3000 hours were indicated by x.
【0018】耐熱衝撃試験は、1000℃と500℃の
間の熱サイクルを付与し、割れ発生までの回数で評価し
た。500℃から1000℃への加熱時間は5分、10
00℃から500℃までの冷却時間は8分とし、窒素ガ
スを吹きつけて制御した。判定基準は1000回を上回
るものを○、200〜1000回のものを△、200回
未満のものを×と表記した。In the thermal shock resistance test, a heat cycle between 1000 ° C. and 500 ° C. was applied, and the number of times until cracking occurred was evaluated. Heating time from 500 ℃ to 1000 ℃ is 5 minutes, 10
The cooling time from 00 ° C. to 500 ° C. was 8 minutes, and nitrogen gas was blown to control. The criteria for judgment are indicated by ◯ when the number exceeds 1000 times, Δ when the number is 200 to 1000 times, and x when the number is less than 200 times.
【0019】総合判定の結果は○印のものが望ましいも
のであるが、△印でも使用条件によって十分に使用する
ことができる。なお、×印はガスタービンに使用するこ
とはできない。The result of the comprehensive judgment is preferably the one marked with a circle, but the one marked with a triangle can be sufficiently used depending on the usage conditions. The cross mark cannot be used for a gas turbine.
【0020】トップコート皮膜の厚膜化試験は、アンダ
ーコート層のPtとトップコート皮膜のYSZの間の密
着力を調べる要素試験であり、遷移層の厚さを変化させ
てトップコート皮膜が剥離するときの限界厚さを調べ
た。The thickening test of the topcoat film is an element test for examining the adhesion between Pt of the undercoat layer and YSZ of the topcoat film. The topcoat film is peeled off by changing the thickness of the transition layer. The limit thickness was investigated.
【0021】〔比較例(No.1〜3)〕No.1〜3
は、CoNiCrAlYボンドコート層を備えたECY
768基材の上に直接YSZトップコート層を形成した
ものであり、上記ボンドコート層並びにトップコート層
を溶射法で形成したNo.1は、耐酸化性及び耐熱衝撃
性がいずれも劣っているが、上記トップコート層をPV
D法で形成したNo.2,3は、耐熱衝撃性が優れてい
るが、耐酸化性は十分ではなかった。なお、上記ボンド
コート層の形成法については、溶射法とPVD法の間で
特別の差は認められなかった。Comparative Example (Nos. 1 to 3) No. 1-3
ECY with CoNiCrAlY bond coat layer
The YSZ top coat layer was formed directly on the 768 base material, and the bond coat layer and the top coat layer were formed by a thermal spraying method. No. 1 is inferior in both oxidation resistance and thermal shock resistance, but the top coat layer is PV
No. formed by the D method Nos. 2 and 3 had excellent thermal shock resistance, but their oxidation resistance was not sufficient. Regarding the method of forming the bond coat layer, no special difference was observed between the thermal spraying method and the PVD method.
【0022】〔実施例(No.4〜6)〕No.4〜6
は、CoNiCrAlYボンドコート層を備えたECY
768基材の上にPtアンダーコート層を介してYSZ
トップコート層を形成したものである。上記トップコー
ト層を溶射法で形成したNo.4の耐熱衝撃性がやや低
いものの耐酸化性に優れていた。また、PVD法でトッ
プコート層を形成したNo.5〜6は耐酸化性及び耐熱
衝撃性ともに優れていた。なお、アンダーコート層の形
成法については、PVD法と無電解メッキ法との間で特
別な差は認められなかった。[Examples (Nos. 4 to 6)] No. 4-6
ECY with CoNiCrAlY bond coat layer
YSZ on Pt 768 base material via Pt undercoat layer
The top coat layer is formed. No. formed by spraying the top coat layer described above. Although the thermal shock resistance of No. 4 was slightly low, it was excellent in oxidation resistance. In addition, No. 1 in which the top coat layer was formed by the PVD method. Nos. 5 and 6 were excellent in both oxidation resistance and thermal shock resistance. Regarding the method of forming the undercoat layer, no particular difference was observed between the PVD method and the electroless plating method.
【0023】〔実施例(No.7,8),比較例(N
o.9)〕No.7,8は、No.5において、アンダ
ーコート材料のPtの代わりにRh,Irを用いた例で
あり、Ptの場合と同様に耐酸化性及び耐熱衝撃性とも
に優れていた。Ptの代わりにAuを用いたNo.9
は、耐熱衝撃性が不良であり、耐酸化性も従来法よりも
僅かに優れている程度であった。[Examples (Nos. 7 and 8), Comparative Examples (N
o. 9)] No. Nos. 7 and 8 are Nos. In Example 5, Rh and Ir were used instead of Pt as the undercoat material, and both the oxidation resistance and the thermal shock resistance were excellent as in the case of Pt. No. using Au instead of Pt. 9
Had poor thermal shock resistance and was slightly superior in oxidation resistance to the conventional method.
【0024】〔実施例(No.11〜14)、比較例
(No.10)〕No.10〜14は、No.5におい
て、アンダーコート層の厚さを0.03μmから5μm
の範囲で変化させたもので、0.03μmのNo.10
(比較例)は耐酸化性がやや劣るが、0.05μm以上
のNo.11〜14(実施例)は、耐酸化性及び耐熱衝
撃性ともに優れていた。[Examples (No. 11 to 14), Comparative Example (No. 10)] No. Nos. 10 to 14 are Nos. 5, the thickness of the undercoat layer is 0.03 μm to 5 μm
No. of 0.03 μm. 10
In Comparative Example, the oxidation resistance is slightly inferior, but No. 11 to 14 (Examples) were excellent in both oxidation resistance and thermal shock resistance.
【0025】〔実施例(No.15〜19)〕No.1
5〜19は、No.5において、アンダーコート層とト
ップコート皮膜との間に、酸素の一部が化学量論的組成
から欠損した安定化ZrO2 からなる遷移層を設け、該
層の厚さを0.1〜5μmの範囲で変化させて、トップ
コート皮膜の厚膜化試験を行い、剥離する限界厚さを調
べた。その結果、遷移層の厚さが0.1μmのNo.1
5及び5.0μmのNo.19は、遷移層を設けていな
いNo.5と同じ、トップコート皮膜の厚さが0.8m
mしか形成することができず、遷移層を設けた効果が認
められなかったが、遷移層の厚さを0.5μm〜4.0
μmに調整したNo.16〜18は、トップコート皮膜
の厚さが1.0〜1.5mmと、遷移層付設にともなう
厚膜効果が認められた。なお、No.15〜19の耐酸
化性及び耐熱衝撃性はともに優れていた。[Examples (Nos. 15 to 19)] No. 1
Nos. 5 to 19 are Nos. 5, a transition layer made of stabilized ZrO 2 in which a part of oxygen is depleted from the stoichiometric composition is provided between the undercoat layer and the topcoat film, and the thickness of the layer is 0.1 to 5 μm. The thickness of the topcoat film was increased by changing the range of the above, and the limit thickness for peeling was examined. As a result, the transition layer No. with a thickness of 0.1 μm was formed. 1
Nos. 5 and 5.0 μm. No. 19 in which the transition layer is not provided. Same as No. 5, 0.8m thick topcoat film
However, the effect of providing the transition layer was not recognized, but the thickness of the transition layer was 0.5 μm to 4.0 μm.
No. adjusted to μm. In Nos. 16 to 18, the thickness of the top coat film was 1.0 to 1.5 mm, and the thick film effect due to the provision of the transition layer was recognized. In addition, No. Both the oxidation resistance and the thermal shock resistance of 15 to 19 were excellent.
【0026】〔実施例(No.20〜21)〕No.2
0〜21は、ボンドコート層を省略した例であり、基材
としてCo基のECY768を用いたNo.20と、N
i基のINCO738LCを用いたNo.21との間に
耐酸化性及び耐熱衝撃性の有意差は認められず、両者は
ともに優れていることが分かった。[Example (Nos. 20 to 21)] No. Two
Nos. 0 to 21 are examples in which the bond coat layer was omitted, and No. 0 using Co-based ECY768 as the base material. 20 and N
No. 1 using INCO738LC of i group. No significant difference in oxidation resistance and thermal shock resistance was observed between the two and No. 21, and both were found to be excellent.
【0027】[0027]
【発明の効果】本発明は、上記の構成を採用することに
より、基材とトップコート皮膜の間に設けたアンダーコ
ート層の存在により、耐剥離性を大幅に改良することが
でき、さらに、遷移層を設けることにより、トップコー
ト皮膜の厚膜化を容易にした。According to the present invention, by adopting the above-mentioned constitution, the peeling resistance can be greatly improved due to the presence of the undercoat layer provided between the base material and the topcoat film. The provision of the transition layer facilitated the thickening of the top coat film.
Claims (2)
又はそれらの表面にMCrAlY(M:Co及び又はN
i)の超合金層を備えた基材、該基材の上に形成される
Rh,Pt及びIrの群から選ばれた1種よりなる厚さ
0.05μm以上のアンダーコート層、並びに、該アン
ダーコート層の上に形成される厚さ50μm以上の安定
化ZrO2 のトップコート皮膜からなることを特徴とす
る高温被曝材料。1. A Co-based or Ni-based heat-resistant superalloy substrate or MCrAlY (M: Co and / or N) formed on the surface thereof.
i) a base material having a superalloy layer, an undercoat layer having a thickness of 0.05 μm or more, which is formed on the base material and is made of one kind selected from the group consisting of Rh, Pt, and Ir, and A high temperature exposed material comprising a top coat film of stabilized ZrO 2 having a thickness of 50 μm or more formed on an undercoat layer.
の間に、酸素の一部が化学量論的組成から欠損した安定
化ZrO2 の厚さ0.5〜4μmの遷移層を設けたこと
を特徴とする請求項1記載の高温被曝材料。2. A transition layer having a thickness of 0.5 to 4 μm of stabilized ZrO 2 in which a part of oxygen is lost from the stoichiometric composition is provided between the undercoat layer and the topcoat film. The high temperature exposure material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9906193A JPH06306640A (en) | 1993-04-26 | 1993-04-26 | High temperature exposure material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9906193A JPH06306640A (en) | 1993-04-26 | 1993-04-26 | High temperature exposure material |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH06306640A true JPH06306640A (en) | 1994-11-01 |
Family
ID=14237220
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP9906193A Withdrawn JPH06306640A (en) | 1993-04-26 | 1993-04-26 | High temperature exposure material |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH06306640A (en) |
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US5645893A (en) * | 1994-12-24 | 1997-07-08 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Thermal barrier coating for a superalloy article and method of application |
US5652044A (en) * | 1992-03-05 | 1997-07-29 | Rolls Royce Plc | Coated article |
US5667663A (en) * | 1994-12-24 | 1997-09-16 | Chromalloy United Kingdom Limited | Method of applying a thermal barrier coating to a superalloy article and a thermal barrier coating |
JPH11222661A (en) * | 1997-11-18 | 1999-08-17 | Sermatech Internatl Inc | Strain-allowable ceramic coating |
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1993
- 1993-04-26 JP JP9906193A patent/JPH06306640A/en not_active Withdrawn
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US5652044A (en) * | 1992-03-05 | 1997-07-29 | Rolls Royce Plc | Coated article |
US5846605A (en) * | 1992-03-05 | 1998-12-08 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Coated Article |
US5667663A (en) * | 1994-12-24 | 1997-09-16 | Chromalloy United Kingdom Limited | Method of applying a thermal barrier coating to a superalloy article and a thermal barrier coating |
US5763107A (en) * | 1994-12-24 | 1998-06-09 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Thermal barrier coating for a superalloy article |
US5981091A (en) * | 1994-12-24 | 1999-11-09 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Article including thermal barrier coated superalloy substrate |
US5645893A (en) * | 1994-12-24 | 1997-07-08 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Thermal barrier coating for a superalloy article and method of application |
JPH11222661A (en) * | 1997-11-18 | 1999-08-17 | Sermatech Internatl Inc | Strain-allowable ceramic coating |
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US6887587B2 (en) | 2001-07-06 | 2005-05-03 | United Technologies Corporation | Reflective coatings to reduce radiation heat transfer |
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KR100707118B1 (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2007-04-16 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | Solid electrolyte thin film fabricated by eb-pvd and method thereof |
EP2158338A2 (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2010-03-03 | United Technologies Corporation | Metallic alloy composition and protective coating |
EP2158338B1 (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2014-09-10 | United Technologies Corporation | Metallic alloy composition and protective coating |
JP2012012561A (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2012-01-19 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | Adhesive composition and pneumatic tire using the same |
US9643452B2 (en) | 2010-05-31 | 2017-05-09 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Adhesive composition and pneumatic tire using same |
US9919561B2 (en) | 2010-05-31 | 2018-03-20 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Adhesive composition and pneumatic tire using same |
JP2012112043A (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2012-06-14 | General Electric Co <Ge> | Vanadium resistant coating system |
JP2016520709A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2016-07-14 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | Metal base coating |
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