JPH06300488A - Shell sort switching over mechanism of machine gun - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To select two sorts of shells and supply them to a breechblock path of a machine gun by a single shell-feeding wheel. CONSTITUTION:A shell sort switching mechanism has a shell loading wheel 40 that is rotatably mounted on a breech main body 24, two shells loading ports 50 and 52 which are located on both sides of the shell loading wheel 40 to receive shells 81 and 82 from shell loaders 12 and 14, and a movable changeover plate 46 which is located in the middle between the shell loading ports 50 and 52 and the breechblock paths 54 and 56. The changeover plate 46 is movable between a first shell loading permit position and a second shell loading permit position. At the first position, the changeover plate 46 opens one of the shell loading ports 50 and 52 to allow one sort of shells to be loaded through the shell loading port and blocks the other shell loading port to prevent the other sort of shells from being loaded through the other shell loading port. At the second position, it opens other shell loading port to allow the other sort of shells to be loaded through the other shell loading port and blocks another shell loading port to prevent another sort of shells from being loaded through another shell loading port. At a shell loading prohibiting position in the middle between the first and second shell loading permit position, the changeover plate 46 shut off both the shell loading ports 50 and 52 and the shell loading paths 54 and 56 to prevent shells from being loaded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bullet type switching mechanism for an external power drive type machine gun.

[0002]

2. Description of the Prior Art In order to be able to shoot two types of ammunition, for example, an anti-ground bullet and an anti-aircraft ammunition, as desired with a single machine gun, it has conventionally required three delivery wheels. That is, a first shot wheel for sending an anti-ground bullet, a second shot wheel for sending an anti-aircraft bullet, and ammunition sent from either the first shot wheel or the second shot wheel to the breech passage. Requires a third bullet wheel to feed. Only one of the first bullet sending wheel and the second bullet sending wheel is driven on the bullet sending side. Thus, to fire two types of ammunition with a single cannon, at least 3
Needs a single shot wheel. An electromagnetic clutch or a mechanical clutch is used to control the drive and stop of the bullet delivery wheel.

[0003]

As described above, the conventional bullet type switching mechanism of the cannon requires at least three sending wheels which are accurately interlocked with each other. Moreover,
For example, from the state where the first bullet sending wheel is operated and the second bullet sending wheel is stopped to fire the ground bullet,
Even when the operating states of the first sending wheel and the second sending wheel are switched to fire an anti-aircraft bullet, it is necessary to keep the mutual relationship of the three sending wheels constant. For this reason, the bullet type switching mechanism requires a power transmission mechanism such as a plurality of intermittent motion mechanisms and a switching mechanism such as a plurality of clutches, and the operation of these mechanisms needs to be very accurate. Therefore, the conventional ammunition type switching mechanism of the machine gun is complicated and large. The present invention aims to solve such problems.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention switches the direction of rotation of a single feed wheel according to the type of bullet, and
The above-mentioned problem is solved by providing a switching plate interlocking with this and performing a bullet type switching operation. That is, the ammunition type switching mechanism of the cannon of the present invention is for selecting and supplying a desired one of the two kinds of ammunition to the free bottom passage of the cannon, and rotating it to the turret body (24). One possible delivery wheel (40) and ammunition (81 and 82) from the ammunition machine (12 and 14) on both sides of the delivery wheel (40)
Two ammunition holes (5
0 and 52) and a movable switching plate (46) provided between the bullet feeding holes (50 and 52) and the play bottom passages (54 and 56). , A first feed permitting position for opening one of the two feed holes (50 and 52) to permit a future feed and closing the other to prevent a future feed, and the other open. It is possible to switch between a second shot-permitting position that permits future shots and closes the one side to block future shots.
Both supply holes (50 and 52) are connected to the play bottom passages (54 and 56).
It is possible to block the bullets by blocking from the
0) is for the ammunition (81 or 82) on the side where the ammunition is allowed to pass from the ammunition hole (50 or 22) to the free bottom passage (54 and 56).
It is characterized in that it is configured to rotate in the direction of moving to. It should be noted that the delivery wheel (40) has four grooves (40a) of a size capable of receiving the ammunition (81 or 82) on the circumference evenly, and the switching plate (46)
The length dimension in the moving direction of the
0) and the switching plate (46) moves in either direction from the bullet feed blocking position in a direction substantially corresponding to the depth of the groove ((40a)). The end in the moving direction of (46) is a bullet feed hole (50 or 5
2) should be closed. In addition, the switching plate (4
6) is connected via a feed screw mechanism to a shaft (42) arranged in parallel with the shaft centers of both bullet feed holes (50 and 52), and an actuator (44) connected to the shaft (42). The position of the switching plate (46) may be controlled by the rotational position of. The reference numerals in parentheses indicate the corresponding members of the embodiment.

[0005]

When the switching plate is in the bullet feed blocking position, the ammunition pushed by the ammunition machine is stopped by the switching plate,
It does not send even if the bullet wheel rotates. When the switching plate is in the first delivery permission position, the ammunition (for example, ground ammunition) pushed by one of the feeders is delivered to the breech passage according to the rotation of the delivery wheel, and then is blasted by the breech into the barrel. It is pushed in and shot. Even if there is an ammunition (for example, an anti-aircraft ammunition) of another ammunition machine sent to the bullet sending wheel before the switching board is switched to the first sending permission position, the switching board does not allow the first sending permission. Since the anti-aircraft bullet is pushed back in the opposite direction and ejected from the delivery wheel in the process of moving toward the position, when the anti-aircraft bullet is used, the anti-aircraft bullet is not fed into the bottom passage. When the switching plate reaches the second bullet sending permission position,
Ammunition (eg anti-aircraft ammunition) pushed by another ammunition machine is also delivered. In this case, the delivery wheel rotates in the opposite direction. Even in this case, even if the ground bullet is in the bullet sending wheel, the switching plate pushes the ground bullet in the opposite direction and ejects it from the bullet sending wheel in the process of moving toward the second bullet allowing position. , When using an anti-aircraft bullet, the anti-ground bullet is not sent into the free bottom passage. In this way, by moving the switching plate to one of the two bullet feed permission positions, the bullet type can be selected and the selected ammunition can be fed to the play bottom passage. When the switching plate is set to the bullet feed blocking position, no bullet is fed from any of the ammunition supply machines, and the machine gun enters a safe state in which it cannot fire.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As shown in FIG. 1, ammunition guns 12 and 14 are arranged on both sides of the turret of a machine gun 10. Ammunition machine 12
And 14, the feed chain 16 includes a chain wheel 20, a chain 21, and a chain wheel 22 respectively.
It is driven by the spring motor 18 via. A plurality of feed pawls 17 are attached to each of the feed chains 16. The ammunition machine 12 can supply an anti-ground bullet 81 to the machine gun 10, and the ammunition machine 14 can supply an anti-aircraft bullet 82 to the machine gun 10. It should be noted that the ground bullet 81 and the anti-aircraft bullet 82 have exactly the same outer dimensions, and in the present specification, when it is not particularly necessary to distinguish the two, an "ammo"
Use the term.

As shown in FIG. 2, a turret body 24 is provided on the turret side of the barrel 22, and a bullet type switching mechanism, which will be described later, is arranged inside the turret body 24. The breech bolt 26 provided concentrically with the barrel 22 has an ammunition 81 installed in the breech rod passage.
Can be moved leftward in FIG. The movement of the play bottom 26 is performed by the rotation of the cam drum 28. Bearing 1
The cam drum 28, which is rotatably supported by the turret main body 24 by 3 and 15, rotates when a drive shaft 30 integrated with the cam drum 28 is rotationally driven by a motor 19. An oblique loop-shaped cam groove 28a is provided on the outer periphery of the cam drum 28, and the projection 26a of the play bottom 26 is fitted in the cam groove 28a. As a result, the play bottom 26 moves. In addition,
The cam groove 28a is arranged so that the play bottom 26 moves forward and backward regardless of which direction the cam drum 28 rotates. A chain wheel 32 is provided on the drive shaft 30 so as to rotate integrally therewith. A bullet feed shaft 34 is rotatably supported on the breech body 24 by bearings 21, 23, 25 and 27 in parallel with the drive shaft 30. A pair of bullet sending wheels 40 are provided at predetermined intervals in the axial direction so as to rotate integrally with the bullet sending shaft 34. The sending wheel 40 is
As shown in FIG. 3, grooves 40a are provided every 90 degrees in the circumferential direction. The size of the groove 40a is such that the ammunition 81 can be received. 6 and 7
As shown in, the driven shaft 83 is rotatably arranged in parallel with the feed shaft 34. A chain wheel 36 is provided on the driven shaft 83 so as to rotate integrally therewith,
This and the chain wheel 32 of the drive shaft 30 are connected by a chain 29. The driven shaft 83 rotates so as to rotate integrally therewith. The Geneva driver 9
8 is transmitted to the Geneva wheel 99 on the side of the bullet sending shaft 34. The Geneva driver 98 and the Geneva wheel 99 constitute the intermittent motion mechanism 38. That is, the Geneva driver 98 is provided with the pin 98a, while the Geneva wheel 99 is provided with four radial grooves 99a at 90 ° intervals, and the pin 98a can fit into the groove 99a. Therefore, the Geneva driver 98
Each time the Geneva wheel 99 rotates, it will rotate 90 ° intermittently. This means that the delivery shaft 34 of the delivery wheel 40 stops while the cam drum 28 makes one rotation and the breech hole 26 advances from the retracted position to the forward drive position and returns to the retracted position again, and the breech hole 26 retreats and stops. It means that it rotates 90 ° while it is moving. As shown in FIG. 3, the turret body 2
A switching plate actuating shaft (axis) 42 is arranged in the No. 4 in parallel with the moving direction of the ammunition 81. A male screw is formed on the outer periphery of the switching plate operating shaft 42. The switching plate operating shaft 42 is
The bearings 35 and 37 rotatably support the turret body 24. The switching plate operating shaft 42 is connected to the coupling 39.
Is connected to a motor (actuator) 44 via. The switching plate actuating shaft 42 is provided with a switching plate 4 on its male screw portion.
6 is screwed. The switching plate 46 has a hollow interior so as not to interfere with the bullet feed shaft 34 in a predetermined stroke range (see FIG. 5). In FIG. 2, both ends 46a of the switching plate 46 are movably fitted in grooves 24a formed in the breech body 24 in the direction orthogonal to the plane of the drawing.
As a result, the switching plate 46 can move in the axial direction of the switching plate operating shaft 42 as the switching plate operating shaft 42 rotates, but cannot rotate about the switching plate operating shaft 42.

As shown in FIG. 3, two guide plates 48 are provided facing each other at a position below the installation position of the blasting wheel 40 of the turret main body 24. That is, the guide plates 48 are rotatably supported by the turret main body 24 by the pins 49, respectively, and have a slight gap continuously formed on the outer circumference of the delivery wheel 40 by a spring force such as a torsion spring (not shown). Is located in. Note that FIG.
Shows the state in which the switching plate 46 is in the bullet feed blocking position. As shown in FIG. 5, when the switching plate 46 is located at the first shot-delivery permission position, the guide plate 48 causes the bullet feeder 12 to move.
The one that guides the ammunition 81 to the play bottom 26 (the left side in the figure) is located at a position that closes one discharge passage 24b1, and the empty cartridge 85 discharged from the play bottom 26 is the other. The side that guides to the discharge passage 24b2 (the right side in the drawing) is located at the position where the discharge passage 24b2 is opened.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. When the switching plate 46 is in the bullet feed blocking position shown in FIG. 3, it prevents the ground bullet 81 from feeding the ground bullet 81 from the bullet feed machine 12 to the bullet feed wheel 40, and also from the bullet feed machine 14 to the anti-aircraft bullet 8.
2 from feeding the feed wheel 40. Therefore, both the ground bullet 81 and the anti-aircraft bullet 82 are in the bullet feed blocking state, and even if the bullet feeding wheel 40 rotates, the ground bullet 81 or the anti-aircraft bullet 82 is not loaded by the play bottom 26. Because of this, shooting is impossible,
The machine gun is in a safe condition.

Next, by driving the motor 44,
When the switching plate 46 is moved from the bullet feed blocking position shown in FIG. 3 to the first bullet feed permitting position shown in FIG. 5, the passage of the ground bullet 81 is allowed. On the other hand, the anti-aircraft bullet 82 on the opposite side is pushed back into the bullet feeder 14 by the switching plate 46, and the opening portion on the bullet feed hole 52 side of the loose bottom passage 56 on the bullet feeder 14 side is partially blocked by the switching plate 46. It will be in a state where it has been In this state, the motor 19
5 is started, the cam drum 28 is rotated, and the feed wheel 40 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 5, the ground bullet 81 pushed rightward in FIG. , Enters into the groove 40a of the rotating bullet sending wheel 40 and moves together with the bullet sending wheel 40. When the ground bullet 81 moves to a position concentric with the play bottom 26, the rotation of the feed wheel 40 stops. In this state, the motor 1
9 and the cam drum 28 rotate about 1/2, and the cam drum 2
8 and the play bottom 26 are in the state shown in FIG. Then, the cam drum 28 is further rotated, and the play bottom 26 is advanced to the left in FIG. As a result, the ground bullet 81 is loaded on the barrel 22 and fired. At this point, the cam drum 28 has rotated once. The next 90 ° rotation of the bullet delivery wheel 40 causes the shell 85 of the fired ground bullet 81 to move to FIG.
While pushing down the guide plate 48 on the right side of the center to the position shown in the drawing, the guide plate 48 is discharged to the outside of the cannon 10 from the discharge passage 24b2.
Similar to the previous time, a new ground bullet 81 is supplied to the play bottom passage 54. As the cam drum 28 continues to rotate, the ground bullets 81 are sequentially loaded and fired on the barrel 22 in the same manner.

Next, by driving the motor 44 in the opposite direction to the above, the switching plate 46 is moved from the first shot permission position shown in FIG. 5 to the second shot permission position on the left side in the figure,
The passage of anti-aircraft bullets 82 is allowed. On the other hand, the ground bullet 81 on the opposite side is pushed back into the bullet blaster 12 by the switching plate 46, and the free bottom passage 5 on the bullet blaster 12 side is switched by the switching plate 46.
4 is a state in which the opening of the bullet feed hole 50 side is partially blocked. When the bullet feed wheel 40 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 5 in this state, the anti-aircraft bullet 82 is forwarded to the front of the play bottom 26,
Then, loading and shooting are performed in the same manner.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the switching plate 46
By selecting the stop position of, the safe state in which it is not possible to fire, the state in which it fires using the ground bullet 81,
It is possible to switch between the state of shooting with the anti-aircraft bullet 82.

[0013]

As described above, according to the present invention, 1
Since it is possible to switch the type of bullets by combining one bullet wheel and a switching plate, it is possible to eliminate the need for multiple bullet wheels, clutch mechanism, etc., which were required in the past. It can be made small. As a result, the structure of the turret device can be simplified and the size can be reduced. Further, this bullet type switching device can also be used as a safety device.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a rear view of a machine gun implementing the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view of FIG. 1 taken along line 2-2.

3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state in which switching plates are switched.

6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a diagram of FIG. 2 viewed from a direction of an arrow 7;

[Explanation of symbols]

 12 ammunition machine 14 ammunition machine 24 turret main body 26 play bottom 28 cam drum 38 intermittent motion mechanism 40 sending wheel 42 switching plate actuating shaft (axis) 44 motor (actuator) 46 switching plate 50 feeding hole 52 feeding bullet hole 54 idle bottom Passage 56 Uneven passage 81 Anti-ground bullet (ammunition) 82 Anti-aircraft bullet

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An ammunition type switching mechanism for a cannon for selecting and supplying a desired one of two types of ammunition to a breech passage of the cannon, the turret main body (24) being rotatably provided. One bullet wheel (40) and ammo (12 and 1) on each side of the bullet wheel (40).
4) two ammunition holes (50 and 52) provided so as to respectively receive the ammunition (81 and 82), both ammunition holes (50 and 52) and a play bottom passage (54 and 56)
And a movable switching plate (46) provided in the middle of, and the switching plate (46) opens one of the bullet feeding holes (50 and 52) to permit the feeding of future bullets. And a second bullet allowing position for closing the other by closing the next bullet, and a second bullet opening for allowing the future for the bullet to be opened and closing the other one for blocking the future. It is possible to switch between the bullet feed permission position and the bullet feed blocking position in the middle of both positions, so that both bullet feed holes (50 and 52) are blocked from the free bottom passages (54 and 56) to feed the bullet. It can be blocked, and the delivery wheel (40) rotates to move the ammunition (81 or 82) on the side in the delivery permission position from the supply hole (50 or 22) to the breech passages (54 and 56). An ammunition type switching mechanism for an cannon, characterized in that: 2. The delivery wheel (40) comprises four grooves (40a) sized to receive ammunition (81 or 82).
Are equally divided on the circumference, and the length of the switching plate (46) in the moving direction is substantially the same as the diameter of the delivery wheel (40). 46) is
The switching plate (46) when moving in either direction from the bullet feed blocking position by a dimension substantially corresponding to the depth of the groove ((40a))
2. The ammunition type switching mechanism for a cannon according to claim 1, wherein an end portion in the moving direction of the means closes the ammunition hole (50 or 52). 3. The switching plate (46) is connected via a feed screw mechanism to a shaft (42) arranged in parallel with the shaft centers of both bullet feeding holes (50 and 52), and the shaft (42). Depending on the rotational position of the actuator (44) connected to the switching plate (4
6. The structure according to claim 1 or 2, which is configured to control the position of 6).
Bullet type switching mechanism of the described machine gun.