JPH06300335A - Ventilator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To effectively prevent an evil such as a cold draft, etc., caused by diffusing strong external wind to an outer wall during an operation of a ventilator, infiltrating the wind into an exhaust passage, allowing contaminated air in the exhaust passage to backflow into a room or infiltrating the atmosphere into the room. CONSTITUTION:The ventilator comprises an induction blower 1 provided in an exhaust passage 12 for connecting an indoor 4 to an outdoor 11 to diffuse pressurized air to the outdoor 11 side of the passage 12 to introduce the air of the indoor 4 side to the outdoor 11 side. The blower 1 has a blower fan 22 for supplying pressurized air, a damper 29 for switching the passage 12, a pressure sensor element 31 for sensing a pressure in the passage 12, and a control means 30 for closing the damper 29 based on a sense signal of the pressure sensor element 31 and stopping an operation of the fan 22.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ventilator mainly used for ventilation of houses and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, housing has become highly airtight,
As a result, the need for ventilation is increasing, and there is a demand for low noise, more comfortable ventilation, and good workability.

Conventionally, a ventilation device basically discharges indoor air to the outside by means of a blower composed of an electric motor and blades. To improve indoor comfort, noise reduction of the electric motor and blades is required. It was an important issue.

Therefore, as a ventilation device that does not use an electric motor or a blade, which is a source of noise, it has been practically used.
There is one as shown in Japanese Patent No. 45428. The configuration will be described below with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.

As shown in the drawing, reference numeral 101 denotes a cylindrical ventilation device main body disposed on the ceiling 102, and a narrowed portion 103 is formed in which a diameter of a part of the cylindrical portion is reduced. A first duct 106 penetrating the ceiling 104 and communicating with the room 105 is connected to one end of the ventilator body 101, and an outer wall 107 is penetrated to the other end. A second duct 109 communicating with the outdoor 108 is connected, and the ventilation device main body 101, the first duct 106, and the second duct 109 connect the indoor 105
An exhaust passage 116 is formed to connect the outside with the outside 108.

Inside the ventilation device main body 101, one end of the blower duct 110 is provided so as to penetrate through the wall of the ventilation device main body 101, and an injection port 111 is provided at the tip of this end. A nozzle 112 is provided which is located substantially at the center of 103 and faces the second duct 109 side. The other end of the air duct 110 is connected to the outdoor 108
Is connected to the blower fan 113 installed in.

In the above structure, the blower fan 113
When the pressurized air 114 is ejected from the ejection port 111 of the nozzle 112 through the blower duct 110, the air inside the ventilation device main body 101 is attracted to the second duct 109 side. By
The dirty air 115 in the room 105 is sucked in through the suction port 116 of the first duct 106, passes through the first duct 106, and flows into the ventilation device main body 101, and together with the pressurized air 114, the second air. The gas passes through the duct 109 and is discharged to the outside 108.

[0008]

In such a conventional ventilation device, although noise can be reduced, strong external wind blows against the outer wall 107 during operation of the ventilation device, and the external wind causes the inside of the second duct 109 to be blown. 1 inside the exhaust passage 116
When the pressure on the 08 side exceeds the injection pressure of the pressurized air 114, the flow direction of the pressurized air 114 is bent toward the room 105, and the dirty air 115 inside the exhaust passage 116 is removed from the room 10.
There was a problem that the backflow to 5 and the outside wind also entered the room 105, and in particular, in the winter, a bad effect such as a cold draft occurs.

The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems. A strong external wind blows against the outer wall during operation of the ventilation device, and this external air enters the inside of the exhaust passage and the dirty air inside the exhaust passage flows back into the room. It is an object of the present invention to provide a ventilation device capable of reliably preventing a harmful effect such as a cold draft from being caused by causing the outside air to enter the room.

[0010]

The first means for achieving the above-mentioned object of the present invention is provided in an exhaust passage connecting the inside and the outside of the room, and blows pressurized air to the outside of the exhaust passage. Induced air blower for attracting the air on the indoor side to the outdoor side, pressurized air supply means for supplying pressurized air to the induced air blower, a damper for opening / closing the exhaust passage, and an inside of the exhaust passage And a control means for closing the damper and stopping the operation of the pressurized air supply means based on a detection signal of the pressure detection means. Is.

A second means for achieving the above object is provided in each of a plurality of exhaust passages connecting the inside and the outside of a plurality of interiors of a building, and is added to the outside of the exhaust passages. An induced air blower for inducing the air on the indoor side to the outdoor side by blowing out compressed air, a pressurized air supply means for supplying pressurized air to each of the induced air blowers, and opening and closing the exhaust passage. A damper, a pressure detecting means for detecting the individual pressure inside the exhaust passage, and closing the damper based on a detection signal of these pressure detecting means, and stopping the supply of pressurized air to the induction blower. And a system control unit that adjusts the supply amount of the pressurized air supply unit according to the number of closed dampers.

A third means for achieving the above object is a ventilation system in which a pressure detecting means is arranged upstream of the induction blower in the exhaust passage.

A fourth means for achieving the above object is that the control means stores a plurality of detection signals of the pressure detection means within a predetermined time and performs an operation, and closes the damper based on the operation value. At the same time, the ventilation device is configured to stop the operation of the pressurized air supply means.

[0014]

According to the present invention, by the structure of the above-mentioned first means, when the outside air enters the inside of the exhaust passage during the operation of the ventilation device and the pressure inside the exhaust passage rises, the pressure detecting means detects it.
Based on the detection signal of this pressure detection means, the control means closes the exhaust passage with a damper and stops the operation of the pressurized air supply means, which prevents outside air from entering the room through the exhaust passage. It can be surely prevented.

Further, according to the structure of the second means, when the outside air enters the inside of some of the plurality of exhaust passages during the operation of the ventilation device and the pressure inside these exhaust passages rises, Is detected by the pressure detection means, and based on the detection signal of this pressure detection means, the system control means closes only the exhaust passage through which the outside air enters with a damper, and supplies the compressed air to the induction blower in this exhaust passage. And the amount of supply of the pressurized air supply means is adjusted according to the number of dampers closed, thereby reliably and efficiently preventing outside air from entering the room through multiple exhaust passages. You will be able to do it.

Further, according to the structure of the third means, the length of the exhaust passage on the downstream side of the induced draft device is long, and the pressure of the entire exhaust passage does not rise even if outside air enters the exhaust passage. Only when there is no influence on normal ventilation, pressure detection means is provided upstream of the induction blower in the exhaust passage, so the pressure detection means does not operate and accurate control can be performed. .

Further, according to the structure of the fourth means, when the wind velocity of the outside wind temporarily fluctuates rapidly, the pressure inside the exhaust passage also fluctuates accordingly, and the detection signal of the pressure detecting means fluctuates. Also, the control means stores a plurality of values of the detection signal within a predetermined time and calculates the value, and based on the calculated value, the damper is closed and the operation of the pressurized air supply means is stopped. It is possible to prevent a malfunction due to a change in the external wind.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

As shown in the figure, reference numeral 1 is an induced air blower provided on the ceiling 3 of the building 2. At one end of the induced air blower 1 is an intake port provided on a ceiling surface 5 of a room 4. The first duct 7 communicated with 6 is communicated with the second duct 10 communicated with the discharge port 9 provided in the outer wall 8 at the other end. An exhaust passage 12 that connects the interior 4 and the exterior 11 is formed by the duct 7, the induced draft device 1, and the second duct 10.

Details of the structure of the induced draft device 1 will be described below. The induction blower device has a conical cylindrical portion 14 and a cylindrical portion 1.
A trumpet-shaped venturi 15 in which 3 is smoothly connected, and an annular gap 16 is formed between the outer peripheral portion and the conical cylinder portion 14 located inside the opening end of the venturi 15 on the conical cylinder portion 14 side. Orifice 17 and this orifice 1
7 comprises a cylindrical pressure chamber 18 formed outside the orifice 17 and the venturi 15 while fixing the first duct 7 in communication with the suction port 19 of the orifice 17. The second duct 10 is communicatively connected to the discharge port 20 of 15. On the pressure chamber 18 of the induced air blower 1, a connecting cylinder 21 communicating with the inside of the pressure chamber 18 is connected.
Is projected.

A blower fan 22, which is a means for supplying pressurized air, is installed in the ceiling 3 and the blower fan 22 and the connecting tube 21 of the induced draft fan 1 are connected by a connecting pipe 26. It is arranged so that the pressurized air 25 pressurized by the blower fan 22 is sent to the induced air blower 1.

A damper opening / closing device 27 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the first duct 7, and a drive motor (not shown) is housed inside the damper opening / closing device 27. The drive motor is connected to an upper end portion of a connecting rod 28 which penetrates a wall portion of the first duct 7 and has a lower end portion thereof facing the room 4 and which is vertically movably arranged. An opening / closing plate 37 that covers the intake port 6 from the room 4 side is provided at the lower end of the connecting rod 28. The opening / closing plate 37 is moved up / down by the damper opening / closing device 27 via the connecting rod 28. A damper 29 that opens and closes the exhaust passage 12 is configured.

Further, inside the second duct 10, a pressure detecting element 31 which is a pressure detecting means for detecting the pressure inside the exhaust passage 12 is provided. Further, a control means 30 is arranged on the ceiling 3 and the pressure detection element 31, the blower fan 22 and the damper opening / closing device 27 are connected to the control means 30 by connection lines 32, 33 and 34. . Then, the control means 30 causes the pressure inside the exhaust passage 12 to be about 1.5 times that in normal operation (exceeds the blowing pressure of the pressurized air 25, and the flow direction of the pressurized air 25 is bent toward the room 4 side. When the pressure detecting element 31 detects it, the damper 29 is closed and the operation of the blower fan 22 is stopped based on this detection signal.

In the above structure, when the blower fan 22 is operated, the air in the ceiling space 3 is sucked from the suction port (not shown) of the blower fan 22, and this air is pressurized by the blower fan 22 and pressurized air 25 Then, it flows into the pressure chamber 18 of the induction blower 1 through the connection pipe 26, and enters the venturi 15 through the gap 16.
It is blown out toward the second duct 10 side, passes through the second duct 10, and is discharged from the discharge port 9 to the outside 11. At this time, an attracting action occurs in which the air inside the venturi 15 is drawn toward the second duct 10 side, and due to this attracting action, the dirty air in the room 4 is sucked from the intake port 6 and the first duct 7 is drawn. After passing through, it flows into the venturi 15 and is discharged to the outside 11 together with the pressurized air 25.

During the operation, a strong external wind blows against the outer wall 8, and this external air enters the inside of the second duct 10,
When the pressure in the exhaust passage 12 becomes about 1.5 times or more higher than that in normal operation, the pressure detection element 31 detects this, and based on this detection signal, the control means 30 closes the damper 29 and the blower fan 22. The operation is stopped, whereby it is possible to reliably prevent outside air from entering the room 4 through the exhaust passage 12.

As described above, according to the ventilator of the first embodiment of the present invention, a strong external wind blows against the outer wall 8 during the operation of the ventilator, and this external wind enters the exhaust passage 12 and the exhaust passage 12
The internal pressure rises to about 1.5 times or more that in normal operation, and the direction of the pressurized air 25 is pushed and bent toward the room 4 side,
It is possible to reliably prevent the dirty air inside the exhaust passage 12 from flowing back into the room 4 and the outside wind from entering the room 4 to cause a harmful effect such as cold draft.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in the figure, reference numerals 1 and 1A denote a plurality of induced air blowers (only two are shown) provided on the ceiling 3 of the building 2, and the suction ports 1 of these induced air blowers 1 and 1A are shown.
The first ducts 7 and 7A, which are in communication with the intake ports 6 and 6A provided in the ceiling surfaces 5 and 5A of the interiors 4 and 4A, are connected to the air pipes 9 and 19A, and the discharge ports 20 and 20A are connected to the outer wall 8. A second duct 10 communicating with the provided exhaust ports 9 and 9A,
10A are connected for communication, and these first ducts 7, 7
A, induction blower 1, 1A and second duct 10, 1
The exhaust passages 12 and 12A connecting the interiors 4 and 4A to the exterior 11 are formed by 0A.

On the other hand, a blower fan 22 is installed in the ceiling space 3.
And a blower distribution device 23 are installed, and the blower fan 22 and the blower distribution device 23 are connected and connected by a connection pipe 26. Further, the blower distribution device 23 and the induced blower device 1
The connecting cylinder 21 and the connecting cylinder 21A of the induced air blower 1A are connected and connected by connecting pipes 26, 26A, and the pressurized air distributed by the air blower distribution device 23 is the induced air blower 1,
It is piped so that it can be sent to each of 1A.

Damper opening / closing devices 27, 27A are provided on the outer peripheral portions of the first ducts 7, 7A,
A drive motor (not shown) is housed inside the damper opening / closing devices 27, 27A.

The drive motor penetrates through the walls of the first ducts 7 and 7A, the lower end of which faces the interiors 4 and 4A, and the upper ends of the connecting rods 28 and 28A which are vertically movable. Are connected. Further, dampers 29, 29A are provided at the lower ends of the connecting rods 28, 28A to cover the intake ports 6, 6A from the interiors 4, 4A side.
9, 29A is moved up and down via the connecting rods 28, 28A by the damper opening / closing devices 27, 27A, and the exhaust passage 12,
12A is opened and closed.

Further, the system control means 35 is installed in the ceiling space 3. This system control means 35
The exhaust passage 1 is provided inside the second duct 10, 10A.
Connection lines 32, 32A, 33, and 34, 34A to pressure detection elements 31, 31A, which are pressure detection means for detecting the pressure inside 2, 12A, blower fan 22, blower distribution device 23, and damper opening / closing devices 27, 27A. Connected by. Then, the system control means 35 controls the exhaust passage
When the pressure inside 2, 12A rises to about 1.5 times that in normal operation, and the pressure detecting elements 31, 31A detect it, the dampers 29, 29A are closed based on this detection signal, and the damper 29, 29A is closed. Exhaust passage 12 with 29A closed,
About 12A, 25 g of pressurization air is added to induction blower 1, 1A.
A blowout stop signal is sent to the blower distribution device 23 for distributing and supplying air through the connecting lines 34 and 34A, and the damper 2
Blower fan 22 according to the number of 9 and 29A closed
This is to adjust the driving output of.

In the above structure, when the blower fan 22 is operated, the air inside the venturi (not shown) is attracted toward the second ducts 10 and 10A, and this attraction causes the indoors 4 and 4A. The dirty air is sucked in through the intake ports 6 and 6A, passes through the first ducts 7 and 7A, flows into the venturi, and is discharged together with the pressurized air 25 to the outside 11.

During the above operation, a strong external wind blows against the outer wall 8, this external air penetrates into the inside of the second ducts 10 and 10A, and the pressure inside the exhaust passages 12 and 12A is about 1.5 times that of the normal operation. If it becomes above, it will change this to the pressure detection elements 31, 31.
A, the system control means 35 closes the dampers 29, 29A based on the detection signal, sends a signal to stop the pressurized air 25 for the closed exhaust passages 12, 12A, and the closed dampers. 29, 29A
The operation output of the blower fan 22 is adjusted in accordance with the number of the air blowers, so that it is possible to reliably prevent the outside wind from entering the indoors 4 and 4A through the exhaust passages 12 and 12A, and to operate normally. The operating condition of the blower fan 22 can be optimally controlled by supplying the pressurized air 25 only to the other exhaust path that is being ventilated.

As described above, according to the ventilator of the second embodiment of the present invention, strong external wind blows against the outer wall 8 during operation of the ventilator, and the external wind enters the exhaust passages 12 and 12A, The pressure inside the exhaust passages 12 and 12A is 1.
The direction in which the pressurized air 25 flows rises five times and the direction in which the compressed air 25 flows
It is pushed and bent to the A side, the dirty air inside the exhaust passages 12 and 12A flows back to the indoors 4 and 4A, and outside winds invade the indoors 4 and 4A to ensure that adverse effects such as cold draft occur. In addition to the prevention, the pressurized air 25 can be supplied only to the ventilated exhaust passage to control the operation of the blower fan 22 to the optimum state.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the pressure detecting element 31 is provided inside the first duct 7 near the suction port 19 of the orifice 17 of the induced draft device 1.

By the way, for the convenience of construction, the installation location of the induction blower 1 is far from the outdoor 11, and the second duct 1
If the length of 0 becomes extremely long, this second duct 1
When the outside air enters from the outdoor 11 side of 0, the pressure on the indoor 4 side of the second duct 10 is initially lower than the pressure on the outdoor 11 side and gradually rises, and the induced air blower from the outdoor 11 side. The total pressure of the exhaust passage 12 up to 1 is about 1.5 in normal operation.
The direction in which the pressurized air 25 flows is increased to more than double
It takes a considerable amount of time to reach the state of bending to the side. However, due to the above-described configuration, a part of the inside of the second duct 10 has about 1.
Even if the pressure range of 5 times is generated, since the pressure detection element 31 is in the vicinity of the suction port 19 of the orifice 17, that is, on the upstream side of the induced air blower 1, the pressure detection element 31 does not detect this. As a result, accurate control can be performed.

As described above, according to the ventilation device of the third embodiment of the present invention, the length of the exhaust passage 12 on the downstream side of the induced draft device 1 is long, and even if outside air enters the exhaust passage 12, Exhaust path 1
When the pressure rises only in a part of 2 and the ventilation is not affected, the pressure detection element 31 does not detect and accurate control can be performed.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the control means 30A stores a plurality of detection signal values of the pressure detection element 31 within a predetermined time, calculates the average value of these detection signals, and It is characterized in that the damper 29 is closed based on the average value and the operation of the blower fan 22 is stopped.

With the above configuration, even when the wind velocity of the outside wind changes suddenly temporarily, the pressure inside the exhaust passage 12 also changes accordingly, and even when the detection signal of the pressure detecting means 31 changes, that detection is also performed. The control means 30A stores a plurality of signal values within a predetermined time, calculates an average value of these detection signals, closes the damper 29 based on this average value, and stops the operation of the blower fan 22. By
It is possible to prevent a malfunction caused by a sudden change in the external wind that occurs temporarily.

[0043]

As is apparent from the above embodiments, according to the present invention, when the pressure inside the exhaust passage rises, the pressure detecting means detects this and the control means based on the detection signal of this pressure detecting element. Shuts off the blower fan while closing the exhaust passage with a damper, so a strong outside wind blows against the outer wall during operation of the ventilation system, and this outside wind invades the inside of the exhaust passage, causing dirt inside the exhaust passage. It is possible to reliably prevent the adverse effects such as cold draft from occurring due to the backflow of air into the room and the ingress of this outside air into the room.

Further, when the pressure inside each of the plurality of exhaust passages rises, the pressure detecting means detects this, and based on the detection signal of this pressure detecting means, the system control means carries out only the exhaust passage into which the outside wind enters. The damper is closed to stop the supply of pressurized air to the induction blower in this exhaust path, and the blower fan supply is adjusted according to the number of dampers closed. Intrudes into some of the multiple exhaust passages, and
It is possible to reliably and efficiently prevent outside air from entering the room through the plurality of exhaust passages.

Further, by providing the pressure detecting element on the upstream side of the induction blower in the exhaust passage, the length of the exhaust passage on the downstream side of the induction blower is long, and even if outside air enters the exhaust passage. When the pressure rises only in a part of the exhaust passage and normal ventilation is not affected, the pressure detection means does not operate, so that accurate control can be performed.

Further, the control means stores and calculates a plurality of detection signal values of the pressure detection element within a predetermined time, and based on the calculated values, the damper is closed and the operation of the blower fan is stopped. It is possible to prevent the malfunction of the ventilation device due to a sudden change in the external wind that occurs temporarily.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the installation of a ventilation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the induction blower of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the installation of the ventilation device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the induction blower of the third embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an installation sectional view of a ventilation device according to the fourth embodiment.

[Fig. 6] Installation sectional view of a conventional ventilation device

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional ventilation device body.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Induction Blower 1A Induction Blower 2 Building 4 Indoor 4A Indoor 11 Outdoor 12 Exhaust path 12A Exhaust path 22 Blower fan (pressurized air supply means) 29 Damper 29A Damper 30 Control means 31 Pressure detection element (pressure detection means) 31A Pressure Detection element (pressure detection means) 35 System control means

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An exhaust passage connecting an indoor and an outdoor,
An induced air blower for inducing the air on the indoor side to the outdoor side by blowing pressurized air to the outdoor side of the exhaust passage; and a pressurized air supply means for supplying pressurized air to the induced air blower. A damper that opens and closes the exhaust passage, a pressure detection unit that detects the pressure inside the exhaust passage, and the damper is closed and the operation of the pressurized air supply unit is stopped based on a detection signal of the pressure detection unit. A ventilation device with control means. 2. A plurality of exhaust passages that connect the inside and the outside of a plurality of rooms of a building are provided respectively, and the compressed air is blown to the outside of the exhaust passages so that the air inside the room is removed. An induced air blower that attracts the outside of the room,
Pressurized air supply means for supplying pressurized air to each of these induction blowers, dampers for opening and closing the exhaust passage, pressure detecting means for detecting individual pressures inside the exhaust passage, and pressure detecting means for these. System control means for closing the damper on the basis of the detection signal to stop the supply of the pressurized air to the induced air blower and adjusting the supply amount of the pressurized air supply means according to the closed quantity of the damper. Ventilator with and. 3. The ventilator according to claim 1, wherein the pressure detection means is arranged upstream of the induction blower in the exhaust passage. 4. The control means stores and calculates a plurality of detection signals of the pressure detection means within a predetermined time, closes the damper based on the calculated value, and stops the operation of the pressurized air supply means. The ventilation device according to Item 1.