JPH06299822A - Variable valve timing mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To positively lubricate the contact surface of the driving rocker arm and the cam of a variable valve timing mechanism. CONSTITUTION:One end is communicated with an oil passage 4'a provided on the shaft center of a rocker shaft in the state the rocker shaft and a rocker arm are connected to the rocker shaft and the rocker arm of a variable valve timing mechanism for connecting and releasing them to/from each other by driving the piston 8 interposed between the rocker shaft 4' and the rocker arm 6 fitted around the rocker shaft so as to be oscillated by means of oil pressure. And small opening holes 4'd, 6d are provided while the other end is faced to the contact surface between the rocker arm and a cam 14, moreover the small holes are communicated with the oil passage in the position where the piston is put in connection, so as to supply oil on the contact surface.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a variable valve timing mechanism.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a variable valve timing mechanism, two types of cams for low speed and high speed, which have different profiles, are set on a camshaft. It is a mechanism that switches using a hydraulic pressure so as to drive a valve. The low speed cam is smaller than the high speed cam, and both valve overlap and lift are smaller.

By adopting a variable valve timing mechanism,
It is possible to improve the output torque of the engine in the high speed range while maintaining the low speed and high torque of the practical engine in the low speed range. Various variable valve timing mechanisms have been proposed.

[0004]

In the variable valve timing mechanism, the load acting on the rocker arm that does not operate the valve is only the spring force of the lost motion assembly, which is very small. In particular, in the rocker arm of the type that comes into contact with the cam via the roller bearing, the frictional force with the cam is smaller than that of the slipper type in which the sliding surface of the rocker arm is in sliding contact with the cam, so the load that acts on the rocker arm is extremely low. Small. Therefore,
Lubrication when the valve is not operated does not require positive supply of oil, and oil droplets scattered in the atmosphere in the cylinder head are sufficient.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and is a variable valve in which oil is positively supplied to the contact surface between the cam and the rocker arm for lubrication only when the valve is being driven. The purpose is to provide a timing mechanism.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a piston interposed between a rocker shaft and a rocker arm fitted to the rocker shaft so as to be swingable is hydraulically driven. The rocker shaft and the rocker arm of the variable valve timing mechanism for connecting or disconnecting both of them are connected to each other at one end to an oil passage provided at the axis of the rocker shaft while the other is connected, and the other end is connected. A structure in which a small hole that opens toward the contact surface between the rocker arm and the cam is provided, and the small hole is communicated with the oil passage at the position where the piston is coupled, and oil is injected and supplied to the contact surface. It was done.

[0007]

In the state where the piston is driven by hydraulic pressure and the rocker arm is connected to the rocker shaft, that is, when the valve is driven by the rocker arm, a small hole formed in the rocker shaft and the rocker arm from the oil passage provided at the axis of the rocker shaft. Oil (hydraulic oil) is supplied to the holes and sprayed on the contact surface between the cam and the rocker arm. As a result, the contact surface between the rocker arm operating the valve and the cam can be positively lubricated.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 and 2, the variable valve timing mechanism 1 includes two intake valves 2 and 3 and a T-type rocker arm 5 integrated with rocker shafts 4 and 4'for opening and closing these intake valves 2 and 3. , Low speed rocker arm 6,
The high-speed rocker arm 7 and the T-type rocker arm 5 are built in the low-speed rocker arm 5 and the pistons 8 and 9 for selectively connecting the low-speed rocker arm 6 or the high-speed rocker arm 7 to the T-type rocker arm 5 and the low speed provided on the camshaft 13. For cam
14, high-speed cam 15 and the like.

Rocker shafts 4 and 4'at both ends of the T-shaped rocker arm 5 are rotatably supported by rocker shaft journals 12 and 12 ', and an oil passage 12' provided in the journal 12 'and shaft 4'. Hydraulic pressure P is applied to the piston 8 through a and 4'a.
However, the hydraulic pressure P is supplied to the piston 9 through the journal 12 and the oil passages 12a and 4a of the shaft 4. The low-speed rocker arm 6 and the high-speed rocker arm 7 are rockably supported by rocker shafts 4'and 4 on both sides of the T-shaped rocker arm 5 being fitted in the shaft holes 6a and 7a at the base ends, respectively. Roller bearings 10 and 11 are axially supported at the respective tips. These roller bearings 10 and 11 are brought into contact with the low speed cam 14 and the high speed cam 15, respectively, and roll. In the low-speed rocker arm 6 and the high-speed rocker arm 7, each roller bearing 10 and 11 has a low-speed cam 14 and a low-speed cam 14 by a lost motion assembly (not shown) arranged on each base end side.
It is always in contact with the high speed cam 15.

As shown in FIG. 3, a piston hole 4'b is pierced in the fitting portion of the rocker shaft 4'of the T-shaped rocker arm 5 for fitting with the low speed rocker arm 6, and one end is further provided. The piston hole 4'b is opened at a predetermined position, and the other end is driven by the low speed cam 14 and the roller bearing 10 when the valve is driven.
A small hole 4'd is formed to face the sliding surface of and open to the outer peripheral surface. This small hole 4'd is used as an oil passage.

The piston 8 is inserted into the piston hole 4'b of the rocker shaft 4'and its length is equal to that of the rocker shaft 4 '.
It is set shorter than the diameter of 4 ', and the tip 8a is formed by forming a part of a spherical surface whose diameter is the outer diameter of the rocker shaft 4',
A hole 8c is formed in the center of the end face in the axial direction. In addition, a large diameter hole 8d is formed in the base end 8b in the axial direction. Further, the piston 8 is provided with a hole 8e in the diametrical direction substantially in the center thereof, and communicates with the hole 8c at the axial center. The open ends on both sides of the hole 8e communicate with the bottom of the annular groove 8f formed on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 8. The annular groove 8f is an oil groove and is always communicated with the oil passage 4'a provided at the axis of the rocker shaft 4 '.

In the piston hole 4'b, the base end of the piston 8 is
A spring seat 16 is fitted between 8b and the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole 6a of the low speed rocker arm 6. The spring seat 16 has a substantially T-shaped cross section, the bottom portion 16a is fitted into the piston hole 4'b, and the bottom surface thereof forms a part of a spherical surface having the same diameter as the outer diameter of the rocker shaft 4 '. The shaft portion 16b is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of 6a and has a diameter slightly smaller than the hole 8d of the piston 8, and a small-diameter breathing hole 16c is formed through the shaft center. The spring 17 is the piston 8
And the spring seat 16 are contracted, one end is fitted into the hole 8d of the piston 8 and is pressed against the bottom end face, and the other end is the spring seat.
It is fitted onto the shaft portion 16b of the 16 shafts. This spring 17
A spring force is applied in a direction to push the piston 8 out of the piston hole 4'b.

The low-speed rocker arm 6 has a rocker shaft.
A piston hole 6b is formed at a position corresponding to the piston hole 4'b of 4 ', and the tip 8a of the piston 8 can be inserted and removed. Also, one end of the low speed rocker arm 6 is connected to the low speed cam 14 when coupled to the rocker shaft 4 '.
A small hole 6d facing the sliding surface between the roller bearing 10 and the roller bearing 10 and having the other end communicating with the hole 4'd of the rocker shaft 4'is formed. That is, the piston hole 4'b of the rocker shaft 4 ',
When the centers of the piston holes 6b of the low speed rocker arm 6 coincide with each other, the small holes 4'd and 6d communicate with each other. Further, the low speed rocker arm 6 has a breathing hole 16 of a spring seat 16 on the side opposite to the piston hole 6b.
A breathing hole 6e, which is a small hole that matches c, is provided.

A lid 18 is fitted to the open end of the piston hole 6b of the low speed rocker arm 6 and is fixed in a liquid-tight manner by caulking. As shown in FIG. 4, the lid 18 is formed such that the inner surface 18a forms a part of a spherical surface having a smaller radius than the curved surface of the tip 8a of the piston 8, and the inner surface 18a and the tip surface of the piston 8 are formed. An oil chamber 20 having a convex lens shape is formed between and.

As shown in FIG. 7, the T-shaped rocker arm 5 has a piston hole 4b and an oil having a diameter slightly larger than the piston hole 4b in the diametrical direction in the fitting portion of the rocker shaft 4 for fitting with the high speed rocker arm 7. The chamber 4c is bored concentrically, and the piston hole 4b and the oil chamber 4c communicate with each other with a step difference near the axis. Further, one end of the high speed rocker arm 7 is opened at a predetermined position in the vicinity of a communicating portion of the piston hole 4b with the oil chamber 4c, and the other end is a sliding surface between the high speed cam 15 and the roller bearing 11 when the valve is driven. A small hole facing and opening to the outer peripheral
4d is drilled. This small hole 4d is an oil passage. Further, the oil chamber 4c is always communicated with an oil passage 4a provided at the axis of the rocker shaft 4.

The piston 9 is inserted into the piston hole 4b of the rocker shaft 4 and the oil chamber 4c, and its length is set to be slightly shorter than the diameter of the rocker shaft 4, and the tip 9a is
The rocker shaft 4 is formed as a part of a spherical surface having an outer diameter as a diameter, and a screw hole 9c is axially formed in the center of the end surface. The tip of the piston lifting jig is screwed into the screw hole 9c when adjusting the valve clearance. The proximal end 9b is
It has a flange shape and serves as a spring seat. The base end 9b also has a curved surface similar to the tip 9a, and a large-diameter hole 9d is formed in the center. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the portion extending from the base end 9b of the piston 9 toward the center by about 1/3 is formed as a small diameter portion (sunk portion) 9e having a slightly smaller diameter. The small diameter portion 9e is opposed to the inner peripheral surface of the oil chamber 4c with a slight gap. In the oil chamber 4c, a spring 21 is contracted between the stepped portion with the piston hole 4b and the base end 9b of the piston 9. This spring 21 connects the piston 9 to the piston hole 4b.
A spring force is applied in the direction of pulling in.

The high speed rocker arm 7 is provided with a piston hole 7b at a position corresponding to the piston hole 4b of the rocker shaft 4, and the tip 9a of the piston 9 can be inserted and removed. Further, one end of the high-speed rocker arm 7 faces the sliding surface of the low-speed cam 15 and the roller bearing 11 when connected to the rocker shaft 4, and the other end communicates with the hole 4d of the rocker shaft 4. A small hole 7d is formed. That is, when the center of the piston hole 4b of the rocker shaft 4 and the center of the piston hole 7b of the high speed rocker arm 7 are aligned with each other.
4d and 7d communicate.

An annular groove 7c is provided near the opening end of the inner peripheral surface of the piston hole 7b of the high speed rocker arm 7, and a stopper ring 22 is fitted in the annular groove 7c to prevent the piston 9 from escaping. ing. The operation will be described below. In the low engine speed range, the oil passage 4'a of the rocker shaft 4'is
A low pressure oil pressure is supplied to the piston 8 and
As shown in, the piston hole 4'is
It is pushed out from b and its tip 8a is at low pressure rocker arm 6
It is fitted in the piston hole 6b and is in contact with the peripheral edge of the inner surface 18a of the lid 18. As a result, the low-speed rocker arm 6 is coupled to the T-type rocker arm 5 to be integrated, and the low-speed cam 14 drives the intake valves 2, 3 via the low-speed rocker arm 6 and the T-type rocker arm 5. That is, the piston 8 of the low speed rocker arm 6 is a “normal on” type piston that connects (locks) the low speed rocker arm 6 to the rocker shaft 4 ′ by the spring force of the spring 17 when the hydraulic pressure is low.

In this state, the small hole of the rocker shaft 4 '
4'd and the small hole 6d of the low speed rocker arm 6 are aligned with each other, and the small hole 6d is opened to face the sliding surface of the low speed cam 14 and the roller bearing 10. Oil is ejected (oil jet) from the small hole 6d through the annular groove 8f of the piston 8 and the small hole 4'd as shown by the arrow, and the low speed cam 14 and the roller bearing 10 of the low speed rocker arm 6 slide. Lubricate the surface positively.

On the other hand, low-pressure hydraulic pressure is also supplied to the oil passage 4a of the high-speed rocker arm 4, and the piston 9 is retracted by the spring force of the spring 21 and drawn into the piston hole 4b as shown in FIG. ing. As a result, the high-speed rocker arm 7 is released from the connection with the T-shaped rocker arm 5 and can freely swing. That is, the piston 9 of the high-speed rocker arm 7 has the spring 21 when the hydraulic pressure is low.
This is a "normally off" type piston that releases the high-speed rocker arm 7 from the rocker shaft 4 by the spring force.

Then, the roller 11 abuts on the high speed cam 15 by a lost motion assembly (not shown) and rolls. In this state, the piston 9 closes the small hole 4d and stops the supply of oil to the sliding surface between the high speed cam 15 and the roller bearing 11. At this time, the high-speed rocker arm 7 is slightly rotated relative to the rocker shaft 4 due to a tolerance or the like because the load for opening and closing the valves 2 and 3 does not work, as shown in FIG. Piston hole
The centers of 4b and 7b are displaced so that the communication between the small hole 7d and the small hole 4d is blocked. At this time, the sliding surface between the high speed cam 15 and the roller bearing 11 is lubricated by the oil droplets scattered in the atmosphere in the cylinder head.

When the engine enters the high speed rotation range, a high pressure oil pressure is supplied to the oil passage 4a (FIG. 2) of the rocker shaft 4, and the oil pressure is transferred from the oil chamber of the rocker shaft 4 to the base end of the piston 9.
It is supplied to the hole 9d (FIG. 7) on the 9b side. As a result, as shown in FIG. 10, the piston 9 is pushed out from the piston hole 4b against the spring force of the spring 21, and the tip 9a thereof is fitted into the piston hole 7b of the high speed rocker arm 7. Then, the high-speed rocker arm 7 is connected to the T-type rocker arm 5 to be integrated, and the high-speed cam 15 drives the intake valves 2, 3 via the high-speed rocker arm 7 and the T-type rocker arm 5. The piston 9 is prevented from protruding from the piston hole 7b by the stopper ring 22.

At this time, the hydraulic oil (oil) in the oil chamber 4c of the rocker shaft 4 becomes a small-diameter portion (seated portion) 9 of the piston 9.
e, jets (oil jet) from the small hole 7d through the small hole 4d as shown by the arrow, and the high speed cam 15 and the roller bearing 11
Lubricate the sliding surface with. Rocker arm 7 for high speed
After being coupled to the T-shaped rocker arm 5, the rocker shaft
High pressure oil is supplied to the 4'oil passage 4'a. This oilway 4'a
The hydraulic pressure inside the hole 8f from the annular groove 8f of the piston 8 shown in FIG.
It is supplied to the oil chamber 20 between the tip 8a of the piston 8 and the lid 18 via e and 8c. The hydraulic pressure supplied to this oil chamber 20 is
The tip surface of the piston 8 is pressed and pushed down, and along with this, pressure oil is further supplied into the piston hole 6b, and as shown in FIG.
Push it into 4'b. This piston hole 6b forms an oil chamber. As a result, the low speed rocker arm 6 is disconnected from the rocker shaft 4 '.

Since the oil chamber 20 is formed between the tip surface of the piston 8 and the inner surface 18a of the lid 18, the piston 8 is always in the state where the hole 8c is opened even in the normal ON state. Therefore, the hydraulic pressure discharged from the hole 8c is
Immediately, it acts as a pressing force on the tip surface of the piston 8. As a result, the response of the piston 8 becomes quick. Further, the spring 17 has one end fitted into the hole 8d of the piston 8 and pressed against the bottom end surface, and the other end fitted outside the spring seat 16 and held concentrically in the hole 8d. Piston 8 has piston hole 4 '
The hole of the piston 8 when it is pushed into b and compressed
It is securely stored in 8d without shifting. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the end face of the base end 8b of the piston 8 becomes a spring.
The spring seat 16 is surely brought into contact with the spring seat 16 without being bitten. Therefore, the piston 8 has a piston hole 4'b in the rocker shaft 4 '.
The rocker shaft 6 can be reliably pulled in and the low speed rocker arm 6 can be reliably released from the rocker shaft 4.

In this state, the piston 8 moves into the small hole 4'd.
To stop the oil supply to the sliding surface between the low speed cam 14 and the roller bearing 10. Further, at this time, the low-speed rocker arm 6 slightly rotates relative to the rocker shaft 4'due to the tolerance as shown in FIG. 6 because the load for opening and closing the valves 2 and 3 does not work. The centers of the piston holes 4'b and 6b are displaced and the communication between the small hole 6d and the small hole 4'd is blocked. At this time, the sliding surface between the low speed cam 14 and the roller bearing 10 is lubricated by the oil droplets scattered in the atmosphere inside the cylinder head.

In this embodiment, the case where the rocker arm is applied to the variable valve timing mechanism in which the rocker arm abuts on the cam via the roller bearing as shown in FIG. 1 has been described. Of course, it can be applied to a variable valve timing mechanism using a slipper type rocker arm that slides on a cam.

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention, the piston interposed between the rocker shaft and the rocker arm fitted to the rocker shaft so as to be swingable is hydraulically driven to connect them. Alternatively, the rocker shaft and the rocker arm of the variable valve timing mechanism to be released have one end communicating with an oil passage provided at the shaft center of the rocker shaft in a state where the rocker shaft and the rocker arm are connected to each other, and the other end of the rocker arm and the cam. Since a small hole that opens toward the contact surface of the piston is provided, and the small hole is communicated with the oil passage at the position where the piston is coupled to inject oil to the contact surface, the cam and the rocker arm are provided. Actively lubricate these abutting surfaces only when a load for driving the valve is applied between and, that is, when the valve is operated. Can be, relatively small amounts of the lubricating oil it is possible to lubricate the sliding portion between the cam and the rocker arm, it is possible to reduce the size such as an oil pump, the labor saving. Moreover, the structure is simple, and it is not necessary to add a component for lubrication.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an assembled perspective view showing an embodiment of a variable valve timing mechanism according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.

5 is a diagram showing a released state of the piston of FIG.

6 is a view showing a state where the rocker arm slightly rotates relative to the rocker shaft of FIG.

7 is a sectional view taken along the line VII-VII in FIG.

8 is a perspective view of the piston of FIG. 7. FIG.

9 is a view showing a state where the rocker arm slightly rotates relative to the rocker shaft of FIG.

10 is a diagram showing a state in which the pistons of FIG. 7 are connected.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Variable valve timing mechanism 2, 3 Intake valve 4, 4'Rocker shaft 4a, 4'a Oil passage 4b, 4'b, 6b, 7b Piston hole 4c Oil chamber 5 T-type rocker arm 6 Low speed rocker arm 7 High speed rocker arm 8 , 9 Piston 10, 11 Roller bearing 13 Cam shaft 14 Low speed cam 15 High speed cam 16 Spring seat 17, 21 Spring 18 Lid 20 Oil chamber 22 Stopper ring

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location F01M 9/10 C 6965-3G

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rocker shaft of a variable valve timing mechanism for hydraulically driving a piston interposed between a rocker shaft and a rocker arm externally fitted to the rocker shaft so as to be coupled or released. And a rocker arm, one end communicating with an oil passage provided at the axis of the rocker shaft and the other end facing the contact surface between the rocker arm and the cam in a state where the rocker arm and the rocker arm are connected. Is provided, and the small hole is communicated with the oil passage at a position where the piston is coupled to inject and supply oil to the contact surface.