JPH06283934A - Frequency converter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a frequency converter which can eliminate the local wave that is most approximate to a desired wave and has a high level and also can eliminate the odd-order higher harmonic of the local wave among those undesired waves. CONSTITUTION:A local wave is supplied to a 1st terminal 8a of an input 90 deg.-hybrid circuit 8, and a 1st balance circuit 10 containing a 1st dual gate FET 16 is connected to a 2nd terminal 8b of the circuit 8. Then the 2nd gate Gb side of a 2nd dual gate FET 17 of a 2nd balance circuit 11 is connected to a 4th terminal 8d of the circuit 8. Meanwhile the 1st gate Ga side of the FET 17 is connected to a signal wave input terminal 22. Then a 2nd terminal 23b of an output 90 deg.-hybrid circuit 24 is connected to the output terminal of the circuit 10. Meanwhile a 4th terminal 23d of an output 90 deg.-hybrid circuit 23 is connected to the output terminal of the circuit 11 respectively.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a frequency converter called an up converter for converting a signal frequency into another high frequency in a communication device in the UHF band, the microwave band and the millimeter wave band.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 shows the most basic configuration of a conventional frequency converter of this type using a dual gate FET (dual gate field effect transistor) as a non-linear element for forming a mixed wave. Is.

This frequency converter comprises a dual gate FET1 whose source terminal S is grounded, a first gate Ga of the dual gate FET1 is connected to one input terminal 2a, and a second gate of the dual gate FET1 is connected. Gb is connected to the other input terminal 2b via the bandpass filter 3. In addition, the first of the dual gate FET1
The first and second DC bias power supplies 4a and 4b are connected to the second gates Ga and Gb. The drain terminal D of the dual gate FET 1 is connected to the output terminal 6 via the bandpass filter 5. The dual gate F
A DC bias power supply 7 is further connected to the drain terminal D of ET1.
Are connected.

In such a frequency converter, when the signal wave f _s and the local wave f _l are input to the first and second gates Ga and Gb of the dual gate FET 1, the following characteristics are caused by their non-linear characteristics. A mixed wave signal f _M is obtained.

[0005] _{f M = ± mf s ± nf} l formula (1) wherein, m and n are integers comprised from 0, 1, 2, 3 ....

The state of this mixed wave signal f _M is shown in FIG.
Among the unnecessary waves in the mixed wave signal f _M , the local wave f _l has the highest level and is close to the desired wave f _i (= f _s + f _l ).

Drain terminal D of dual gate FET1
The mixed wave signal f _M output from is filtered by the band pass filter 5 to obtain the desired wave f _i (= f _s + f _l ).

[0008]

However, in the method of removing the unwanted wave by using the bandpass filter 5 as described above, the bandpass filter 5 must be configured in multiple stages, resulting in a large size and high cost. There is a problem that becomes.

An object of the present invention is to provide a frequency converter capable of removing a local wave that is closest to a desired wave and has a high level and an odd-order harmonic thereof among unnecessary waves.

[0010]

The constitution of the present invention which achieves the above object will be described as follows.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a first, second, third and fourth terminal, the third terminal is non-reflection terminated, and a local wave is applied to the first terminal. Is input, a 90 ° hybrid circuit for input having a structure in which local waves having the same amplitude and a phase difference of 90 ° from each other are output from the second terminal and the fourth terminal; First dual gate FET that receives the local wave output from the second terminal of the 90 ° hybrid circuit at a second gate
A first balance circuit for forming a harmonic of the local wave by the first dual gate FET and a second local wave output from the fourth terminal of the input 90 ° hybrid circuit. The signal wave is received at the gate of
A second balance circuit for forming a mixed wave of the signal wave and the local wave by the second dual gate FET, 3, a fourth terminal, the third terminal is non-reflectively terminated, the second terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first balance circuit, and the fourth terminal is the second terminal. The output of the first balance circuit is connected to the output terminal of the balance circuit, and the local wave and its odd harmonics are eliminated from the output of the second balance circuit to eliminate the local wave. An output 90 ° hybrid circuit for obtaining a desired wave output composed of the sum of the frequency and the frequency of the signal wave from the first terminal is provided.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, at least one input terminal and two output terminals are provided, and when a local wave is input to the input terminals, the two output terminals have the same amplitude and the mutual position. A 180 ° hybrid circuit for input having a structure that outputs the local wave with a phase difference of 180 °, and
A first dual gate FET that receives the local wave output from one of the output terminals of the 180 ° hybrid circuit at a second gate is provided, and the first dual gate F
A first balance circuit that forms harmonics of the local wave at ET and the local wave output from the other output terminal of the input 180 ° hybrid circuit are received by a second gate and the signal wave is received by the second gate. A second dual-gate FET received at one gate, and the second dual-gate F
A second balance circuit for forming a mixed wave of the signal wave and the local wave at ET, at least two input terminals and one output terminal, and the first balance circuit input to one of the input terminals At the output of the balance circuit, the local wave and its odd harmonics are eliminated from the output of the second balance circuit input to the other input terminal,
An output in-phase hybrid circuit that obtains a desired wave output that is the sum of the frequency of the local wave and the frequency of the signal wave from the output terminal is provided.

[0013]

When the local wave is input from the input 90 ° hybrid circuit and the signal wave is input from the second balance circuit, the frequency conversion is not limited by the frequency relationship between the signal wave and the local wave. Become a vessel.

In this frequency converter, if attention is paid only to the local wave, the 90 ° hybrid circuit for input has the same amplitude in the first and second balance circuits having substantially the same performance, and the phase difference between them is 90. When a ° local wave is input, the 90 ° hybrid for output is output from these first and second balance circuits with the local wave and its odd harmonics having the same amplitude and a phase difference of 90 °. Second of the circuit
From the function of the 90 ° hybrid circuit, the local wave and its odd harmonics are output to the fourth terminal and guided to the third terminal of the 90 ° hybrid circuit for output and consumed by the non-reflective terminator. Even harmonics of the local wave are for the output
It is guided to the first terminal of the 90 ° hybrid circuit and output. That is, only the frequency obtained by removing the local wave and its odd harmonics is output to the first terminal of the 90 ° hybrid circuit for output. As a result, the desired wave f _i (= f _s + f
_It is possible to remove the local wave and the odd harmonics thereof, which have the highest level due to the amplification effect of the dual-gate FET and are closest to the _l ).

Further, from the function of the 90 ° hybrid circuit,
The reflected waves of the local waves generated in the first and second balance circuits are all output to the third terminal of the 90 ° hybrid circuit for input and are absorbed by the non-reflecting terminator.
No reflected wave appears at the first terminal of the hybrid circuit.

Particularly, in the first and second balance circuits, since the dual gate FET is used as the non-linear element, when the local wave and the signal wave are input to the second balance circuit, the two of the dual gate FETs are input. Gates can be used to provide these inputs, thus eliminating the need for a multiplexing circuit. Therefore, the circuit configurations of the first and second balance circuits, which have substantially the same circuit configuration, are simplified accordingly.
Cost reduction and size reduction can be achieved.

Also in the case of claim 2, the local wave is for input 18
Since it is input from the 0 ° hybrid circuit and the signal wave is input from the second balance circuit, the frequency converter is not limited by the frequency relationship between the signal wave and the local wave.

In this frequency converter, if attention is paid only to the local wave, the 180 ° hybrid circuit for input to the first and second balance circuits having substantially the same performance, with the same amplitude,
When a local wave with a phase difference of 180 ° is input,
From these first and second balance circuits, the local wave and its odd harmonics have the same amplitude, and their phase differences are different.
It is output to the two input terminals of the output in-phase hybrid circuit in the state of 180 °, of which the fundamental wave of the local wave and its odd harmonics are consumed by the output in-phase hybrid circuit and the even-order of the local wave. Is output from the output terminal of the output in-phase hybrid circuit. As a result, an output wave similar to that of claim 1 can be obtained.

The difference from the frequency converter of claim 1 is that the reflected wave of the local wave generated in the first and second balance circuits is directly discharged from the first terminal of the input 180 ° hybrid circuit. However, if the first and second balance circuits are matched with the local wave, no special problem will occur.

Also in the present invention, since the dual gate FET is used as the non-linear element in the first and second balance circuits, the dual gate FET is used when the local wave and the signal wave are input to the second balance circuit. These two gates can be used to provide these inputs, thus eliminating the need for a multiplexing circuit. Therefore, the circuit configurations of the first and second balance circuits, which have substantially the same circuit configuration, are simplified accordingly, and the cost and size can be reduced.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a first frequency converter according to the present invention.
It shows an example. The frequency converter of this embodiment is provided with an input 90 ° hybrid circuit 8 including a branch line coupler and a 3 dB directional coupler on the input side. The input 90 ° hybrid circuit 8 has first, second, third and fourth terminals 8a to 8d, and a third terminal 8
When c is non-reflectively terminated by the non-reflective resistor 9 and the local wave f _l is input to the first terminal 8a, the second terminal 8
The local wave f ₁ having the same amplitude and a phase difference of 90 ° from each other is output from b and the fourth terminal 8d.

The first balance circuit 10 is connected to the second terminal 8b of the input 90 ° hybrid circuit 8 and the second terminal 8b of the input 90 ° hybrid circuit 8 is connected to the second terminal 8b.
The balance circuit 11 of is connected.

The first and second balance circuits 10 and 11 are
Bandpass filters 12 and 13 for passing the local wave f _l , local wave matching circuits 14 and 15 including a bias circuit for the second gate, dual gate FETs 16 and 17 as non-linear elements, and a drain bias circuit. And output matching circuit 1 including a high-pass filter
It is comprised by 8 and 19.

A first gate bias circuit 20 is connected to the first gate Ga of the dual gate FET 16 of the first balance circuit 10.

A signal wave input terminal 22 is connected to the first gate Ga of the dual gate FET 17 of the second balance circuit 11 via a signal wave matching circuit 21 including a first gate bias circuit.

In such a first balance circuit 10,
The dual gate FET 16 is adapted to generate a local wave f _l and its harmonics. Further, in the second balance circuit 11, the dual gate FET 17 forms a mixed wave of the local wave f _l and the signal wave f _s .

The frequency converter of this embodiment is provided with an output 90 ° hybrid circuit 23 including a branch line coupler and a 3 dB directional coupler on the output side. This 90 ° hybrid circuit for output 23 has first, second, third and fourth terminals 23a to 23d, and the third terminal 23c is non-reflectively terminated by a non-reflective resistor 24. Terminal 2 of 2
3b is connected to the output terminal of the first balance circuit 10 and the fourth terminal 23d is connected to the output terminal of the second balance circuit 10, and the second terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first balance circuit 10.
Of the desired wave f _i (= f) which is the sum of the frequency of the local wave f _{l and} the frequency of the signal wave f _s by eliminating the local wave f _l and its odd harmonics from the output of the balance circuit 11 of FIG.
_s + _fl ) output is output from the first terminal 23a.

In such a frequency converter, when the local wave f _l is input to the first terminal 8a of the 90 ° hybrid circuit for input 8, its amplitude is equally divided by 1/2 ^1/2 and the mutual waves are mutually divided. Local wave f with a phase difference of 90 °
_l is output from the second terminal 8b and the fourth terminal 8d and injected into the first and second balance circuits 10 and 11.

The local wave f _l injected into the first balance circuit 10 is a bandpass filter 1 for passing a local wave.
After passing through 2, the wave is guided to the local wave matching circuit 14 including the second gate bias circuit, is subjected to the matching action, and then is injected into the second gate terminal Gb of the dual gate FET 16 to convert the frequency of the dual gate FET 16. By being acted upon, harmonics of the local wave f _l are formed. Harmonics of the obtained local wave f _l and the local wave f _l
The fundamental wave of _l is output-matched by the output matching circuit 18 including a drain bias circuit and a high-pass filter.
It is injected into the second terminal 23b of the 90 ° hybrid circuit 23.

On the other hand, the 90 ° delayed local wave f _l injected into the second balance circuit 11 is guided to the local wave matching circuit 15 including the second gate bias circuit through the local wave passing band pass filter 13. Then, after undergoing a matching action, it is injected into the second gate Gb of the dual gate FET 17. Further, the signal wave f _s is injected into the first gate Ga of the dual gate FET 17 from the signal wave input terminal 22 through the signal wave matching circuit 21 including the first gate bias circuit.

When the signal wave f _s and the local wave f _l are input to the dual gate FET 17 in this way, the frequency conversion action of the dual gate FET 17 causes the local wave f _l and the signal wave f _s shown in equation (1). Mixed wave f _M (= ± m
f _s ± nf _l) is formed. This mixed wave f _M is guided to the output matching circuit 19 including a drain bias circuit and a high pass filter, frequency components lower than the cut-off frequency of the high pass filter are greatly attenuated, and other frequency components are desired wave f _i (= The fourth terminal 2 of the 90 ° hybrid circuit 23 for output is subjected to a matching action centering on f _s + f _l ).
Injected into 3d.

Here, in order to simplify the explanation, the first and second
If attention is paid only to the local wave f _l that has passed through the balance circuits 10 and 11 of FIG.
11 have almost the same performance,
90 ° for output from the output terminals of the second balance circuits 10 and 11
The second and fourth terminals 23b, 23 of the hybrid circuit 23
Among the local wave f _l and its harmonics guided to d, the local wave f _l and its odd harmonics have the same amplitude, and their phase difference is 90 °. Of these local waves f _l and their harmonics, the function of the 90 ° hybrid circuit _causes these local waves f _l and their odd harmonics to be guided to the third terminal 23 c of the output 90 ° hybrid circuit 23. Are consumed by the non-reflective terminator 24 and the even harmonics of the local wave f _l are guided to the first terminal 23a of the output 90 ° hybrid circuit 23 and output. That is, only the frequency obtained by removing the local wave f _l and its odd harmonics from the mixed wave f _M shown in Expression (1) is output to the first terminal 23a of the output 90 ° hybrid circuit 23. It As a result,
It is possible to remove the local wave f _l and its higher harmonics of odd order which are closest to the desired wave f _i (= f _s + f _l ), and which have a high level due to the amplifying action of the dual gate FETs 16 and 17.

From the function of the 90 ° hybrid circuit,
The reflected waves of the local wave f _l generated by the first and second balance circuits 10 and 11 are all output to the third terminal 8c of the input 90 ° hybrid circuit 8 and absorbed by the non-reflection terminator 9. Therefore, the reflected wave does not appear at the first terminal 8a of the input 90 ° hybrid circuit 8.

Therefore, according to the invention of the first embodiment,
Since the local wave f _l is input from the input 90 ° hybrid circuit 8 and the signal wave f _s is input from the second balance circuit 11, the frequency relationship between the signal wave f _s and the local wave f _l is not limited. Thus, it is possible to provide a frequency converter which can remove the local wave f _l and the odd harmonics thereof that are closest to the desired wave f _i and have a high level among the unnecessary waves.

In particular, the first and second balance circuits 1
In 0 and 11, dual gate FET is used as a non-linear element.
Since 16 and 17 are used, the second balance circuit 11
When the local wave f _l and the signal wave f _s are input to the two gates, the two gates of the dual gate FET 17 can be used to perform these inputs, thus eliminating the need for a multiplexing circuit.
Therefore, the circuit configurations of the first and second balance circuits 10 and 11 having substantially the same circuit configuration are simplified accordingly.
Cost reduction and size reduction can be achieved.

FIG. 2 shows a second frequency converter according to the present invention.
It shows an example. The frequency converter of the present embodiment has an input terminal called a rat race ring.
A 0 ° hybrid circuit 25 is provided. 180 for the input
The hybrid circuit 25 has first, second, third and fourth terminals 25a to 25d, and these adjacent terminals 25a.
The line length between ~ 25d is 90 ° in electrical angle, and the line length between the fourth terminal 25d and the first terminal 25a is 270 in electrical angle.
And the third terminal 25c is a non-reflective terminator 26.
When the local wave f _l is input to the first terminal 25a, the second terminal 25b and the fourth terminal 25d have the same amplitude and a local phase difference of 180 ° between them. The structure is such that the wave f _l is output.

The first balance circuit 10 is connected to the second terminal 25b of the input 180 ° hybrid circuit 25, and the second balance circuit is connected to the fourth terminal 25d of the input 180 ° hybrid circuit 25. 11 is connected.
The internal configurations of the first and second balance circuits 10 and 11 are similar to those of the first embodiment described above.

The frequency converter of this embodiment is provided with an output in-phase hybrid circuit 27 called a Wilkinson distributor on the output side. The output in-phase hybrid circuit 27 includes the second and third terminals 2 acting as input terminals.
7b and 27c, and a first terminal 2 that acts as an output terminal
7a, the line length from the first terminal 27a to each of the second and third terminals 27b and 27c is 90 ° in electrical angle.
The resistor 28 is connected between the second terminal 27b and the third terminal 27c, the second terminal 27b is connected to the output terminal of the first balance circuit 10, and the third terminal 2 is connected.
7c is connected to the second balance circuit 11,
Of the local wave f _l and its odd harmonics are eliminated from the output of the second balance circuit 11 by the output of the balance circuit 10 and the sum of the frequency of the local wave f _{l and} the frequency of the signal wave f _s. Of the desired wave f _i (= f _s + f _l ) is obtained from the first terminal 27a.

Next, the operation of such a frequency converter will be described. When the local wave f _l is input to the first terminal 25a of the input 180 ° hybrid circuit 25, the second and fourth terminals 25 of the input 180 ° hybrid circuit 25 are input.
From b and 25d, local waves f ₁ having the same amplitude and a phase difference of 180 ° are output. These local waves f _l
The output of is input to the first and second balance circuits 10 and 11. Since the configurations of the first and second balance circuits 10 and 11 are the same as those of the first embodiment as described above, the description of the operation of the first and second balance circuits 10 and 11 will be omitted. .

Here, the first and second balance circuits 10,
Focusing only on the local wave f _l that has passed through 11, the first and second balance circuits 10 and 11 have substantially the same performance. Therefore, the second and third terminals of the output in-phase hybrid circuit 27 are Of the local wave f _l and its harmonics injected into 27 b and 27 c, respectively, the local wave f _l
And its odd harmonics have the same amplitude and their phase difference is
180 °. Of these local waves f _l and their harmonics, the local waves f _l and their odd harmonics are consumed by the resistor 28 of the output in-phase hybrid circuit 27, and the even harmonics of the local waves f _l are consumed. The wave is output from the first terminal 27a of the output in-phase hybrid circuit 27. As a result, an output wave similar to that of claim 1 can be obtained.

The difference from the frequency converter of the first embodiment is that the reflected wave of the local wave f _l generated in the first and second balance circuits 10 and 11 is the first terminal of the input 180 ° hybrid circuit 25. The point is that it is directly discharged from 25a,
The first and second balance circuits 10 and 11 are connected to the local wave f _l.
If it is aligned with, no special trouble will occur.

Also in the case of the second embodiment, the local wave f _l
Is inputted from the input 180 ° hybrid circuit 25 and the signal wave f _s is inputted from the second balance circuit 11, so that the frequency converter is not limited by the frequency relationship between the signal wave f _s and the local wave f _l. .

The first and second balance circuits 10 and 11
However, as a non-linear element, dual gate FET16,1
Since 7 is used, when the local wave f _l and the signal wave f _s are input to the second balance circuit 11, these two gates of the dual gate FET 17 can be used to perform these inputs. The multiplexing circuit is no longer necessary. Therefore, the circuit configurations of the first and second balance circuits 10 and 11 having substantially the same circuit configuration are simplified accordingly, and the cost and the size can be reduced.

In the frequency converters of the first and second embodiments, the microwave integrated circuit (MIC) and the microwave monolithic integrated circuit (MM) which are required to be miniaturized and cost-effective are provided.
When the device is constructed by IC), there is an advantage that the external filter described above can be small and simple.

Further, each 180 ° hybrid circuit is not limited to the rat race ring, and a magic T or a balun using a toroidal core may be used.

Further, the output in-phase hybrid circuit 27 is not limited to the Wilkinson type distributor, but for example, the same input 180 ° hybrid circuit 25 of FIG. 2 can be used as the output 180 ° hybrid circuit. . In this case, the second terminal and the fourth terminal of the output 180 ° hybrid circuit are used as two input terminals, the third terminal is used as an output terminal, and the first terminal is a terminating resistor. Non-reflective termination.

[0048]

As described above, according to the frequency converter of the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained.

In the frequency converter according to the first aspect, since the local wave is input from the input 90 ° hybrid circuit and the signal wave is input from the second balance circuit, the frequency relationship between the signal wave and the local wave is obtained. It is possible to provide a frequency converter that is not limited to the above.

Further, this frequency converter has first and second 90-degree hybrid circuits having substantially the same performance.
When a local wave with the same amplitude and a phase difference of 90 ° is input to the balance circuit of, the local wave and its harmonics have the same amplitude from these first and second balance circuits, respectively, and the The phase difference of 90 ° is output to the second and fourth terminals of the output 90 ° hybrid circuit. Due to the function of the 90 ° hybrid circuit, the local wave and its odd harmonics are output as the 90 ° hybrid circuit. To the third terminal of the local wave and consumed by the non-reflective terminator, and the even harmonics of the local wave are guided to the first terminal of the 90 ° hybrid circuit for output and output. That is, only the frequency obtained by removing the local wave and its odd harmonics from the mixed wave is output to the first terminal of the output 90 ° hybrid circuit. As a result, it is possible to remove the local wave that is closest to the desired wave and has a high level and the odd harmonics thereof due to the amplifying action of the dual gate FET.

Further, from the function of the 90 ° hybrid circuit,
The reflected waves of the local waves generated in the first and second balance circuits are all output to the third terminal of the 90 ° hybrid circuit for input and are absorbed by the non-reflecting terminator.
There is an advantage that the reflected wave does not appear at the first terminal of the hybrid circuit.

Particularly, in the first and second balance circuits, since the dual gate FET is used as the non-linear element, the two gates of the dual gate FET are used when the local wave and the signal wave are input to the second balance circuit. Gates can be used to provide these inputs, thus eliminating the need for a multiplexing circuit. Therefore, the circuit configurations of the first and second balance circuits, which have substantially the same circuit configuration, are simplified accordingly.
Cost reduction and size reduction can be achieved.

In the frequency converter according to the second aspect, since the local wave is input from the input 180 ° hybrid circuit and the signal wave is input from the second balance circuit, the frequency relationship between the signal wave and the local wave is limited. It is possible to provide a frequency converter that does not receive the voltage.

Further, this frequency converter has an input 180 °
From the hybrid circuit to the first and second balance circuits having almost the same performance, the amplitude is the same and the phase difference between them is 18
A 0 ° local wave is input, and the local wave and its harmonics have the same amplitude from these first and second balance circuits, respectively, and the phase difference between them is 180 °. The local wave and its odd-order harmonics are output to the third terminal, and the local harmonics and the odd-order harmonics thereof are consumed by the resistance of the output common-mode distributor, and the even-order harmonics of the local wave are the first harmonics of the output common-mode distributor. It will be output from the terminal 1. As a result, an output wave similar to that of claim 1 can be obtained.

Also in the invention of claim 2, since the dual gate FET is used as the non-linear element in the first and second balance circuits, when the local wave and the signal wave are input to the second balance circuit. To the dual gate FET
These two gates can be used to provide these inputs, thus eliminating the need for a multiplexing circuit. Therefore, the circuit configurations of the first and second balance circuits, which have substantially the same circuit configuration, are simplified accordingly, and the cost and size can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block circuit diagram of a first embodiment of a frequency converter according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the frequency converter of the invention.

FIG. 3 is a block circuit diagram of a frequency converter using a conventional high-pass filter.

FIG. 4 is a frequency spectrum diagram of a local wave and a signal wave whose frequency is converted by a dual gate FET.

[Explanation of symbols]

 8 Input 90 ° hybrid circuit 8a to 8d 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th terminals 9 Non-reflective resistor 10 1st balance circuit 11 2nd balance circuit 12 and 13 Bandpass filter for passing local wave 14,15 Local wave matching circuit 16,17 Dual gate FET 18,19 Output matching circuit 20 Bias circuit for first gate 21 Signal wave matching circuit 22 Signal wave input terminal 23 90 ° hybrid circuit for output 23a-23d First, first 2, 2nd, 3rd and 4th terminals 24 Non-reflective resistor 25 Output 180 ° hybrid circuit 25a to 25d 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th terminal 26 Nonreflective resistor 27 Output common-mode distributor 27a to 27c First, second and third terminals 28 Resistance

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A first terminal, a second terminal, a third terminal and a fourth terminal,
When the third terminal is terminated without reflection and a local wave is input to the first terminal, the second terminal and the fourth terminal have the same amplitude and a phase difference of 90 degrees. 90 ° hybrid circuit for input having a structure for outputting a local wave of 90 °, and a first dual gate for receiving the local wave output from the second terminal of the 90 ° hybrid circuit for input at a second gate A first balance circuit that includes a FET and that forms a harmonic of the local wave by the first dual-gate FET; and a first balance circuit that outputs the local wave output from the fourth terminal of the input 90 ° hybrid circuit. A second dual gate FET that receives at the second gate and receives a signal wave at the first gate
And a second balance circuit that forms a mixed wave of the signal wave and the local wave by the second dual gate FET, and first, second, third, and fourth terminals, The third terminal is non-reflectively terminated, the second terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first balance circuit, and the fourth terminal is connected to the output terminal of the second balance circuit. , The first
The desired wave composed of the sum of the frequency of the local wave and the frequency of the signal wave by eliminating the local wave and its odd harmonics from the output of the second balance circuit by the output of the second balance circuit. For output to obtain output from the first terminal
A frequency converter having a 90 ° hybrid circuit. 2. At least one input terminal and two output terminals are provided, and when a local wave is input to the input terminals,
The two output terminals have the same amplitude and a phase difference of 18
180 ° for input of the structure that outputs the local wave of 0 °
A hybrid circuit and a first dual gate FET that receives the local wave output from the second output terminal of the input 180 ° hybrid circuit at a second gate, and the first dual gate FET First to form harmonics of local wave
Balance circuit and a second dual-gate FET that receives the local wave output from the other output terminal of the input 180 ° hybrid circuit at the second gate and receives the signal wave at the first gate. A second balance circuit for forming a mixed wave of the signal wave and the local wave by the second dual gate FET, and at least two input terminals and one output terminal,
The output of the first balance circuit that is input to one of the input terminals, and the second output that is input to the other of the input terminals
Output from the output terminal by eliminating the local wave and its odd harmonics from the output of the balance circuit, and obtaining a desired wave output consisting of the sum of the frequency of the local wave and the frequency of the signal wave And a common-mode hybrid circuit for use with the frequency converter.