JPH06280297A - Surface drainage - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To easily align the longitudinal direction of a channel relative to the insert opening at the tip of a fixing bracket by forming a bracket which is to be fixed from a leaf spring, which is put in the insert opening provided between holding parts with a lid having a fixing bracket placed on the channel. CONSTITUTION: A head part 45 of a fixture 40 is inserted in an insert opening 24 of a lid 30 until it is placed on a support surface 19 of an insert hole 29, then rotated to a specified position for preventing drop thanks to hold projections 46 and 46'. When the lid 30 is placed in a channel 1 or frames 10 and 10', a tip 41 of the fixture 40 is inserted in a slot-like opening 24, so that a spring part 22 of a bracket 20 to be fixed is pressurized and widened to displace and widen hold parts 23 and 23' outside. Further pressing-in allows the opening 24 to move along a fitting surface 23 so that the lid 30 is surely housed on support surfaces 6 and 6'. By selecting a rotational position of the fixture 40 at inserting while rotating the fixture 40 by 90 deg. after the inserting, the lid 30 is eventually coupled to the channel 1 or frames 10 and 10'.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fixture and a structure for attaching a lid having a plurality of holes to a structure provided on the ground according to the general concept of claim 1 and the lid. A surface drainage device that can be fixed by a fixing means including a fixture to be attached to.

In particular, the present invention relates to a drainage ditch in which a lid or a grid is placed on a ditch body provided on the ground and is connected to the ditch.

[0003]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION One of the drains of the type mentioned at the outset is known from EP 81 762 C1. A metal cast frame is attached to the upper edge of the drainage groove, which forms a frame for holding the lid.

The fixing means for fixing the lid to the drain is
On the one hand it has a fixture which can be connected to the lid and on the other hand a fixture which can be connected to the groove body.

This fixing means can be formed in various ways. If this drainage groove is required to meet particularly high requirements, a bolt is generally used as a fixture, and the bolt is screwed into a screw hole (as a fixture) of the frame. However, with this configuration, the resulting groove must be threaded, which is quite expensive to fabricate.

Further, as a fixing means, some methods without using bolts are known, for example, from European Patent 204 278 A2, European Patent 476 672 A1 or German Patent 31 33 658 A1, but these known structures are also known. Its production costs a lot.

From EP 81 741 B1 it is known to use a crosspiece with a central screw hole as a fixture and screw a bolt through the hole provided in the lid into this screw hole. The groove main body is provided with a recess at a position substantially opposite to the fixture to be fixed, and when fixing with a bolt, a crosspiece is turned to be inserted into this recess and held there. This configuration is used especially when the strength requirements are not very high.

The common point of the systems described above is that the fixing means or the lid requires a specific structure for a specific structure of the main body to be provided on the ground. For this reason, it is not possible to meet the demands of surface drains when they change, and it is necessary to provide a completely new system, especially when the demands become severe. Drainage operation cost will increase. Also, these known methods require significant manufacturing costs because, for one thing, the machinery is not very available and the storage costs are high in order to manufacture the various parts required.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a surface drainage device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it is easy to handle and reduces the total cost, and that the lid can be easily and securely fixed to the groove body. , To develop further in a simple way.

[0010]

The present invention is characterized by the features of claim 1, that is, the main body has a plurality of receiving means, and the various receiving means are placed on the receiving means before or after the main body is installed on the ground. The solution is a surface drainage device configured to allow attachment of a fixture.

A first concept of the present invention is to provide no "completed" fixtures on the main body, but instead only provide receiving means to which various fixtures are attached. In this way one "type" of groove body can be produced, which greatly reduces production and storage costs. In other words, these fixtures are easier to manufacture than the set of groove bodies in any case, and the cost of their storage is low, even for many different types of fixtures.

In addition to the receiving means for these various types of fixtures, the groove body is preferably provided with the recess described at the beginning for mounting one crosspiece.

In a preferred embodiment according to the first aspect of the present invention, the receiving means is constructed so that it can be removed again after the fixture has been installed, so that equipment replacement is very simple. become.

Preferably, a number of receiving devices are provided, which are arranged so that a cushioning material can be inserted to cushion the vertical movement between the fixture or lid and the body. Dampers of this kind are known per se. This further reduces the cost, since it is not necessary to specifically form the groove or its frame for mounting the cushioning material, which is required only in such special cases.

It is also possible to provide a threaded hole in the fixture and use a bolt as the fixture, which makes the production of a bolted connection significantly easier. In particular, except for the screw holes, it is not necessary to screw the frame of the groove already completed.

In order to manufacture a fixing means without using a bolt according to the second concept of the present invention, a fixed member having a fixing spring fixed to the main body and a fixing member fixed to the lid as a fixing member are guided during insertion. And an inserter having a thickened tip, which can be inserted into the insertion port of the fixed spring by elastic deformation of the fixed spring in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane where the lid is present. It is suitable to be formed so as to be held in the above-mentioned state. This type of snap connection provides sufficient holding power and makes assembly or mounting the lid in the groove much easier.

Preferably, the thickened portion of the tip of the insertion tool is formed into an acute-angled conical shape, and its end on the lid side is formed into an obtuse-angled conical shape. In this case, the force required for assembly is smaller than the force required to remove the lid.

The insertion port of the fixed spring is preferably formed in the shape of an elongated hole, which allows the insertion tool to be inserted at any position along the long axis of the insertion port, so that the groove and the lid are manufactured. It will be possible to make the tolerance of the value considerably large.

The fixing spring can be mounted with play so that it can be moved when it is inserted into the insertion opening. This method also has the effect of increasing the tolerance between the groove and the lid during manufacture.

According to the second concept of the present invention, the above-mentioned embodiment in which the insertion opening is formed in the shape of an elongated hole is used, and at the same time,
The fixing spring can be moved in only one direction, that is, in the direction perpendicular to the long axis of the insertion opening, so that when the insertion tool is inserted into the insertion opening, the fixing spring can be moved by the insertion tool in the direction perpendicular to the long axis of the insertion opening. It is preferable to attach with play. Both these degrees of freedom can be ensured in various ways, which results in a very stable structure.

In another embodiment according to the second aspect of the invention, the fixed spring is substantially tape-shaped, with a lower substantially U-shaped or V-shaped spring part followed by two spring parts. And a U-shaped holding portion, the ends of the respective leg portions of which are transferred to the leg portions of the spring portion so that the open side thereof projects upward. The fixing spring is arranged in one (preferably) rectangular hole in the plate, with its holding leg covering two opposite edges of the hole in the plate. This facilitates the assembly of this structure on the one hand, and the mobility of the fixed spring on the other hand is guaranteed.

As mentioned at the beginning, a releasable fixing system is generally sufficient. If greater retention is required, the insert is rotatably mounted (in the lid) about its major axis and the end of the insert is provided with two opposing enlarged surfaces. When these enlarged surfaces come to a position parallel to the long axis of the insertion opening, the insertion tool can spread the fixed spring and pull it out from the insertion opening, or it can be inserted into the insertion opening. Another embodiment thus formed is suitable. If the cone angle of the obtuse conical part of the insertion tool and the size of the hole in which the fixed spring is accommodated are selected appropriately,
This bond is never solvable. That is, the lid can be removed from the groove only when the insertion tool is turned.

As a fixing point of the fixing spring, a flat plate that can be inserted into a pocket opened laterally of the frame is used. In order to prevent the flat plate from slipping out of the pocket when the lid is placed in the groove or the body, it is advantageous to provide the lid with one retaining projection.

The fixing points of the fixing spring can be used not only for the parts to be inserted into the receiving means, but also for the crosspiece mentioned at the beginning (in addition if necessary).

Furthermore, according to a third aspect of the invention, the fixing means comprises at least one insert, which is supported by the lid, as fixing means for fixing the lid without the use of bolts.
The lid is movable in the direction of one of the longer edges of the lid to and from the closed position to the open position, and the fixture has one insert provided in the body, the insert being in the closed position. A suitable configuration is one in which an insert is inserted into the insert to hold the lid on the body when brought. Such inserts are relatively easy to manufacture and can be attached to the lid in a secure manner. The lid in this case is preferably a cast grid.

The insert is preferably provided with locking means, which can be formed, for example, as one locking spring which elastically engages the lid. In this case, the locking means reaches and engages with a locked portion provided on the lid, and fixes the insertion tool in this position in the closed position (preferably also in the open position) with the insertion section. This configuration makes accidental opening and removal of the lid impossible.

[0027] It is preferable to dispose the inserting tool in one of the holes of the lid which serves as an inlet for water to be drained, and does not further reduce the strength of the lid.

In this case, the insert is provided with one opening,
The opening preferably forms a common hole in the closed position with the hole in which the insert is located, so that it substantially corresponds to the other holes in the lid. In this way, aesthetic requirements are met on the one hand, and on the other hand the inflow area for receiving water is not reduced.

The hole in which the plug is arranged is preferably formed as a slit which opens towards the long edge of the lid, so that the plug can be pushed into this hole from the outside.

Preferably, the insert has a cover which in the closed position closes the opening of the slit up to the long edge upwards so that the surface of the lid is closed. It has a uniform shape without depressions and can prevent the accumulation of dust.

The surface of the plug is relative to the surface of the lid,
It is preferably low enough that the plug is not loaded when traveling over the lid, a few millimeters is usually sufficient. With this measure, the guide for guiding the movement of the insertion tool is kept movable for a long time.

Preferably, the insert is formed in a substantially double T-shape or dovetail shape in a plane perpendicular to the direction of travel. Correspondingly, a hole is formed in the lid, and a rail into which the insertion tool fits is provided here.

The insert preferably has a cleaning means at the end of the lid opposite the long edge of the lid, which cleans the transfer passage from dirt in the open movement from the closed position. In this way a smooth opening is possible even after long use. If the cleaning means has a slope that lifts dirt when moving,
It is particularly easy to form and the dirt is reliably removed without being compressed.

The insert preferably has one protrusion,
It projects into the one retaining notch of the lid in the region of the plug, and the plug has a holding part which is inserted under the projection. A projection of this kind can be very easily cast on this frame together with it. The holding notch is formed corresponding to the protrusion so as to prevent movement of the lid in the direction of its long edge, that is, in the longitudinal direction of the drain groove. Therefore, the fixing means for fixing the lid to the drain groove is at the same time a locking means for preventing the lid from moving on the groove.

One or several, especially 2 on one long edge of the lid
It is preferable to provide a hooking hole formed on each of the insertion tools and one of the opposite long edges so as to fit with the hook stopper of the main body when the lid is placed on the main body. Fewer plugs are needed to secure to.

It is preferable that the plug-in tool and the plug-in part, and in some cases the hook-locking tool and the hook-locking hole, are arranged symmetrically with respect to the main body and the lid, respectively, so that the long edge of the lid can be replaced. Easy to put on.

According to a fourth concept of the invention, locking means are provided for fixing the lid to the groove body. This locking means has a crosspiece that can be inserted later. According to the present invention, since the cross bar is inserted when the lid is removed, the cross bar can be completely and correctly inserted into the fixture or the recess of the groove main body. At least one end of the cross bar has a fixing means for holding it in a fixed position for a long time.

It is preferred that the fastening means be formed substantially symmetrically at the ends of the cross bar, which improves the retention of the cross bar in the groove. As the fixing means, a manually operable insertion spring or the like can be used. However, preferably, the fixing means is made elastically deformable so that it is deformed by the insertion movement of the crossbar when it is inserted into the groove recess. This eliminates the need to operate the fixing means separately.

Preferably, the fixing means is fixed to the crossbar so as not to be lost. This facilitates insertion work.

If the fixing means can be inserted by a pivoting movement in a plane parallel to the surface of the lid, the insertion is particularly simple.

If the cross bar and the fixing means are formed as a steel plate molded product, the locking means can be manufactured particularly easily at low cost. At this time, the fixing means (or two fixing means) is preferably formed integrally with the crossbar.

In order to integrally form a steel plate molded product, the cross bar is formed into a substantially U-shaped cross section having one base surface and two legs. Next, the fixing means is formed by a strip-shaped steel plate portion that is pulled out from the leg portion, bent, and separated from the base surface.

In one of the preferred embodiments according to the fourth concept of the present invention, the fixing means has a pawl, which is firmly engaged with the groove main body when the crosspiece is inserted. It can only be released in this case with considerable force (and tool). In another embodiment of the invention, the shape of the ends of the fixture is such that the cross bar can be removed. In this case, the force (torque) for pulling out is preferably larger than the force required for insertion.

According to the invention, the locking means described above can be used as part of a retrofit set for replacing a conventional swivel crossbar, in which case this fastening means replaces the bolt means used in the known subject with bolts. Although it has a restraint that is not used, it cannot be used in the case of the known object because of the lack of rotational movement during insertion.

The bolt-less restraint means preferably comprises a fixed spring fixed to the cross bar and an inserter fixed to the lid, the insert having a thickened tip to guide during insertion. Can be inserted into the insertion opening of the fixed spring by elastic deformation of the fixed spring in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane in which is present, and the inserted state is maintained. Therefore, the only further requirement from the user side is the press fit of the crossbar into the recess of the groove body.

Preferably, the thickened portion of the tip of the insertion tool is formed in an acute-angled cone shape, and the end portion on the lid side is formed in an obtuse-angled cone shape. In this way, the pushing force is smaller than the force required to remove the lid.

The insertion opening of the fixed spring is preferably formed in the shape of an elongated hole, which allows the insertion tool to be inserted at any position along the long axis of the insertion opening, so that the tolerance becomes considerably large. , Insertion does not cause any problems.

This fixing spring is preferably mounted with play so that it can be moved when the insertion tool is inserted into the insertion opening, so that the staggering can be more reliably adjusted.

In another preferred embodiment according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the insertion opening is similarly formed in the shape of an elongated hole,
The insertion tool can be inserted at any position along the long axis of the insertion opening. Further, the fixed spring is provided with a play in a direction perpendicular to the long axis of the insertion opening so that the insertion spring can be moved by the insertion tool in the direction perpendicular to the long axis of the insertion opening when the insertion spring is inserted into the insertion opening. It is preferable to attach it. This results in a stable structure (play adjustment in only one direction each) and, as a whole, play adjustment in all possible directions.

As the fixed spring, a plastic part or a strip steel (special steel) can be used. In another preferred embodiment, the fixed spring is substantially tape-like and has a substantially lower U-side.
It has a V-shaped or V-shaped spring part followed by two U-shaped retaining parts, the ends of each leg of which transition into the legs of said spring part, the open side of which projects upwards. Is formed. The fixing spring is inserted into one (rectangular) hole of the cross bar so that the legs of the holding part cover two opposite edges of the hole. In this way, the fixed spring can be moved in the hole, if the dimensions are appropriate, so that the edge of the hole is inserted more or less deeply into the U-shaped end of the fixed spring.

In a simpler embodiment according to the fourth concept of the invention, an insert is used (eg instead of the known bolt).
Screw it tightly onto the lid. The insert is mounted on the lid rotatably about its longitudinal axis, the end of the insert being provided with two opposing enlarged surfaces, these enlarged surfaces being the length of the insertion opening of the fixed spring. When the insert is in a position parallel to the axis, the insert is able to spread the fixing spring so that it can be pulled out of the insertion opening and can be inserted into the insertion opening. Improve safety.

[0052]

Other preferred embodiments of the various concepts of the present invention will become apparent in the subclaims and the following description of the preferred embodiments. Next, these embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. In this description, the same parts or parts having the same operation are denoted by the same reference numerals.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the drainage groove. The groove main body 1 is provided with side walls 2 and 2'extending upward, a bottom portion 5 and a reinforcing rib 4. At the upper edges 3, 3'of the groove 1 are frames 10, 10 ', which are fixed to the upper edge by the same material as the material of the groove body (polymer concrete). The frames 10, 10 'have support surfaces 6, 6'for mounting a lid 30 (shown in broken lines in FIG. 1).

The inner surfaces of the side walls 2, 2 ′ are provided with recesses 7, 7 ′ for inserting a cross bar.

Then both frames with the same morphology 1
The structure of 0, 10 'will be explained.

Both frames 10, 10 'are cut line IV in FIG.
-It is constructed symmetrically with respect to the central perpendicular line corresponding to IV. There are first pockets 11, 11 'near both ends and a second pocket 12 in the center.
11 'and 12 are formed so that the fixture 20 according to the first concept of the present invention can be inserted. This point will be explained in detail later.

The frames 10, 10 'are additionally provided with a hook stop 13, which can be inserted into a corresponding notch in the lid 30, at which time a retainer 29' on the lid 30 projecting outwards is hooked. Stop 13
Enter the underside and prevent the lid 30 from lifting at its rim. This point will be explained in detail later.

The pockets 11 and 11 'are formed so that the cushioning material 50 can be inserted instead of the fixture 20. The cushioning material 50 is made of a known elastic plastic material, and is dimensioned so that it protrudes an appropriate height above the supporting surfaces 6 and 6 ', so that when the lid 30 is put on, the cushioning material 50 has some Compressed.

The frames 10 and 10 'further have protrusions 26,
This serves as an insertion portion into which the insertion tool 60 that can be attached to the lid 30 is inserted. This function will be explained in detail later.

2 to 4 and 7 show fixtures 20 ', 20 "provided with screw holes 21. In these screw holes (as fixtures)
The lid 30 can be fixed in the groove by screwing in bolts.

FIG. 3 shows a fixture 20 having a rectangular hole 25,
This holds the fixed spring described below according to the second concept of the invention.

Pockets 11, 11 ', 12 are inward
Since it is slightly conical (upward in FIG. 3), it can be held securely in this pocket 11, 11 ′ or 12 if the fixture 20 of the corresponding dimensions is tapped with a hammer. However, the fixture 20 can be removed from the pockets 11, 11 ', 12 using a screwdriver.

Next, the fixing means will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. It can be inserted into the fixture 20 (with rectangular hole 25) shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 or directly into the frame.
When inserting directly into the frame 10, 10 ', a hole corresponding to the hole 25 is provided in the central pocket 12.

The fixed spring shown in FIG. 9 has a substantially V-shaped spring portion 22 on the lower side. Of course, it is also possible to make it U-shaped or hemispherical.

At the upper end of the fixed spring there is a holding part 23, 23 ', which has a substantially U-shaped cross section, each leg of which transitions into a leg of the lower spring part 22. . Holding part 2
3, 23 ′ has an opening facing outward and forms an insertion hole 24 of a long hole therebetween. This fixed spring can be made of a tape-shaped piece of metal or a plastic material.

Here, this fixing spring is fixed to the fixture 20 (FIG. 2).
Alternatively, insert directly into the frame 10, 10 '(see Figures 13-18).
At this time, since the dimensions of each part are determined so that the fixed spring of FIG. 13 can be moved to the left or right, the edge of the hole 25 is fitted deeply or shallowly into the holding portions 23, 23 'of the fixed spring. Like

An insertion tool is attached to the lid 30 as a fixing tool 40, and this has a tip at the end of the conical surface 42 as shown in FIG.
Has 41. The conical surface 42 transitions to an oppositely inclined support surface 43, the angle of which is steeper than that of the conical surface 42. The narrowed end of the bearing surface 43 transitions to the shaft 44, with the head 45 at the end of the shaft.

The lid 30 has an insertion hole 29 (FIGS. 13 and 14).
Insert the fixture 40 shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 through the insertion hole 24
In addition, it can be inserted until the widened head 45 rests on the support surface 19 of the insertion hole 29. The inserted state is shown in FIG. In this case, since the holding portions 23, 23 'are located on the support surface 43 formed at a steep angle, it is practically impossible to remove the fixing tool 40 from the fixing spring 20.

It is also possible for the fixture 40 to have a symmetrical shape and for its supporting surface 43 to be able to lift the lid 30 by applying a corresponding force.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in the accompanying drawings, the shape of the fixture is not axisymmetric, as shown in FIGS. 10-12, but provided with two enlarged surfaces 47, 47 ', the diameter of which is Is substantially equal to the diameter of the thickest end of the conical surface 42. The enlarged surfaces 47, 47 'face each other directly and the supporting surface 43
And the axis 44 makes an angle of 90 ° with respect thereto, and therefore FIG.
It becomes the shape shown in ~ 12.

Further, the fixing tool is provided with holding projections 46, 46 ', and when the fixing tool 40 is rotated to the rotation position of FIG. 17, the holding projections hit the lower side of the supporting surface 19, 19' in the insertion hole 29, Prevent the fixture from falling off. In the rotational position shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the retaining projections 46 or 46 'are not under the supporting surfaces 19, 19'.
(Fig. 14), inside the insertion hole 29. In this way the fixture 4
The 0 is inserted into the lid 30 and held there so as not to be lost.

Of course, instead of the enlarged surfaces 47, 47 'of FIGS. 10 and 12, a portion of the conical surface 42 corresponding to the supporting surface 43 is formed so as to be deleted as a continuation of the axis 44 (as a parallel surface). May be This is preferred in the variants shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 because the unintentional rotation of the fixing device 40 in the opening direction is prevented by the expansion of the fixing springs required therefor.

When mounting the lid 30 on the groove 1 or on its frame 10, 10 ', the tip 41 of the fixture 40 was inserted into the insertion opening 24, not-correctly inserted in the center of the fixing spring. In the case of-the fixing means the fixing spring to the right or left (Fig. 1
Since it moves to 3), the insertion port 24 takes a symmetrical position with respect to the long axis of the fixture 40. Here, since the insertion port 24 is formed as a long hole, whichever end of the insertion port 24 the fixture 40 is inserted into, it is substantially the same. Conical surface when pushing
Until the spring 42 is completely pushed into the insertion opening 24, the lower spring portion 22 is expanded and the holding portions 23 and 23 'are displaced outward, so that the insertion opening 24 is expanded. Further (the fixing device shown in FIG.
The lower spring part 22 when pushed in (at the rotational position of 40)
Is returned to the starting position, so that the insertion slot 24 moves along the mounting surface 23 to ensure that the lid 30 fits on the supporting surfaces 6, 6 '. In this case, with the lid 30 securely attached, the support surface 43
Select the dimensions of each part so as to secure the positions shown in Fig. 15 of the holding parts 23, 23 'for.

If the fixture 40 is now rotated 90 ° from the position shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, it will be in the position shown in FIGS. 17 and 18. In this position the enlarged surfaces 47, 47 'spread the fixing springs, so that the lid
30 can be removed. It does not matter in principle which rotational position the fixture 40 is in for insertion. But Figure 17
Position is preferable, and if it is this position, fix the fixture 40 90
By rotating °, lid 30 and groove 1 or frame 10, 1
The final bond between 0'is obtained.

Next, an embodiment of the fixing means according to the third concept of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

As shown in these figures, the lid 30 has holes 31, 31 'separated by ribs 37. Long edge of lid 30 32, 3
The long edge 32 'of the 2'has a hook hole 39 mentioned at the beginning, which is somewhat recessed from the surface of the lid 30, under which the retainer 29' comes.

The frame 10 and 10 'are the hook fasteners touched at the beginning
13 is provided, and this is fitted into the hook hole 39 to hold the holder 29 '.
Will come to the top. Notch 3 on the other long edge 32
There is a 9 ', which penetrates the entire thickness of the lid 30, so
There is no retainer 29 'on this long edge 32.

In the embodiment of FIG. 19, two spaced holes 31 reach through the slit 33 to the long edge 32 of the lid. This slit 33 has a holding notch 38 at the end on the long edge 32 side,
This has a shape such that it substantially fits the protrusion 26 provided in the groove. This method effectively prevents the lid from shifting in the longitudinal direction of the groove. The protrusion 26 has a space above and below as shown in FIG.

In the slit 33 or the hole 31 attached thereto,
There are guide rails 36, 36 'that project inwardly into the slit 33 or hole 31.
68 is provided.

Inserts 60 are inserted into the holes 31 having the slits 33, respectively. This plug 60 has a double T-shaped cross section as shown in FIGS. I.e. plug 60
Comprises a top plate 64 and a bottom plate 65, the bottom plate being connected to the top plate 64 by a narrow intermediate portion 66 (in the direction of the groove length).

The middle portion 66 has its end portion on the long edge 32 side retracted from both the bottom plate 65 and the top plate 64, and the protrusion is formed there.
The holding portion 71 that can be fitted under the 26 is formed. The upper plate 64 extends outwardly in the direction of the long edge 32 so that the end of the upper plate is substantially in the same plane as the long edge 32 when the insert 60 is in its closed position (according to FIG. 19). ing.

The upper plate 64 has a sloped end opposite to the long edge 32.
67 to allow dirt on rails 36, 36 'to be removed when moving insert 60 (to the right in FIG. 19).

There is a locking spring 61 for holding the insert 60 in its closed position as well as its open position, its holding part 62
(FIG. 27) is fitted in the intermediate portion 66. The locking spring 61 also has an outwardly bent locking portion 63 at its end, which engages the notch 68 when the insert 60 is in its closed position.

The plug 60 further has one opening 69,
Therefore, the end (between the slopes 67) has a fork shape. The opening 69 is formed such that the opening surface including the remaining area of the hole 31 and the slit 33 corresponds to the opening surface of the other holes 31 of the lid. This is clearly shown in FIG.

The height of the surface 70 (FIG. 26) of the top plate 64 is somewhat lower than the height of the lid 30 so that no force is exerted on the insert 60 or its surface 70 when traveling over the lid 30. . Furthermore, on the lid 30 there is provided a projection 35 projecting from its surface 34, which on the one hand enhances the anti-slip effect and on the other hand reduces the load on the insert 60 when traveling over the lid.

The insert 60 is preferably made of a high strength metal (eg, aluminum die cast) and its surface is passivated to prevent corrosion.

As shown, the frames 10, 10 'are protrusions.
It is symmetrical about 26, so that for the long edge 32 with the spigot 60 there is also a notch 47 (Fig. 20) in the long edge 32 ', in which the long edge 32' is required. There is no protrusion 26. Therefore, the lid 30 can be placed on the groove 1 in any direction.

When the lid 30 shown in FIGS. 19 to 27 is placed, the lid is first tilted and the holder 29 ′ is hooked under the hook stopper 13. Next, with the insertion tool 60 completely returned (moved to the right in Fig. 19), the lid 30
Is completely placed, and the insertion tool 60 is closed until the locking portion 63 of the locking spring 61 fits into the notch 68 (moved to the left in FIG. 19). In this position, the holding part 62 of the insertion tool 60 is located below the protrusion 26,
Prevent the 30 from coming off the groove 1 or the frame 10, 10 '. Open the lid in the reverse order.

Preferably, the lid 30 is provided with a downwardly projecting retainer 14 in the region of the pockets 11, 12 so that the pockets 11,
Close 12 towards the inside of the groove. With this configuration, the pocket
The fixture (20) contained in 11 or 12 does not fall out.

FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a drainage groove, in which a recess is formed at a position slightly below the upper edges of the parallel side walls 2 and 2'or a part below the supporting surfaces 6 and 6'for the lid 30. 7 and 7'are provided, and these recesses 7 and 7'correspond to the recesses described with reference to FIG.

Insert both ends 81, 81 'of the crossbar 80 into the recesses 7, 7'. The cross bar 80 has a U-shaped cross section (see Figures 30-33) and has one base surface 83 and two legs that are substantially parallel to the lid 30.
84,84 '. The legs 84, 84 'are separated from the base plane by separating lines 85-85' at the ends 81, 81 'of the cross bar 80, respectively. The tape-like parts produced by this separation are each bent inward in the direction of the respective other leg 84 or 84 '. Thus the fixing means 82 or
82 'is formed. The end part makes this a smooth surface
(Figs. 28 and 29), even if the nail 86 is formed here (Figs. 30 and 31),
Or you may add roundness 87, 87 '. A smooth or-even more holding force-crosspiece 80 with pawls 86, 86 'can be removed only after considerable insertion (e.g. by pushing in a screwdriver) after insertion, while rounded 87, 8
In the case of the cross bar 80 having 7 ', it can be removed from the groove 1 by applying a force counterclockwise and turning it. When installing
-As indicated by the arrow in Fig. 29-Turn the crosspiece 80 clockwise to insert the ends 81, 81 'into the recesses 7, 7'. The fixing means 82 or 82 'are then attached to their respective opposite legs 8
It bends in the direction of 4, 84 ', and its resistance to rotational movement is relatively small. Both ends of the cross bar 80, especially the base surface 83
Repeat until the end of hits the front wall of the recess 7, 7 '. Figure 29
Rotating the cross bar 80 in the direction opposite to the arrow expands the fixing means 82, 82 ', but the rounding 87, 87' (Figs. 32 and 33) can overcome this expanding force. The mounting of such a crossbar is therefore as simple as its removal.

The cross bar thus formed can be provided with screw holes so that the lid 30 can be fixed to the cross bar with bolts.

The great advantage of the cross bar of the present invention is that the groove produced by a known method, in some cases the groove already installed and its lid are modified so that the lid can be fixed to the groove by locking means without using bolts. There is a possibility.

A non-bolt embodiment will now be described. This boltless locking means is a fixture 40 that can be fixed to the lid 30 on the one hand, and a fixture attached to the crosspiece 80 on the other hand.
20 is provided, and this fixture is snap-connected to the fixture 40.

The fixture 40 of the embodiment shown here comprises an insert (FIGS. 28 and 34) which comprises a conical surface 42 with a tip 41 (to guide during insertion) and its insert. And a supporting surface 43 which is inclined in the opposite direction behind and which forms a thickened front end. The support surface 43 transfers to a shaft 44, which transfers to a head 45. In the illustrated embodiment, the head 45 is provided with a single threaded hole so that the head can be secured to the lid 30 with bolts (FIG. 28) or knurled pins as described below. This fixture 40 thus replaces the conventional additional bolts.

The fixed member 20 is formed as a spring, and has a U-shaped or V-shaped lower spring portion (similar to FIG. 9) and two upper portions.
There are U-shaped holding parts 23, 23 ', each leg of which transitions to a lower spring part 22 whose open points face each other and project outwards. In this way, the insertion port 24 is formed between the holding portions 23, 23 '. When the fixed tool 20 is formed as a leaf spring, the insertion opening 24 becomes an elongated hole (see FIG. 29), and when the lid 30 is placed in the groove 1, the insertion opening 24 of the fixing tool 40 or the tip 41 of the insertion tool 24. It is easy to position the groove in the longitudinal direction with respect to the groove, and thus it is possible to adjust the stagger.

The cross bar 80 has a substantially rectangular hole 25 in its central portion.
(Figs. 31 and 33). When the fixture 20 of FIG. 9 is inserted into the hole 25, the legs of the holding portions 23 and 23 'cover the edge of the hole 25 and are positioned above or below the base surface 83 of the crossbar 80. Hole 25
Since the width (in the longitudinal direction of the groove 1) is determined corresponding to the width of the holding portions 23, 23 ', the fixture 20 is fixed to the crosspiece 80 substantially without play when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the groove. It The length of the hole 25 (in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the groove 1) and the inner direction of the insertion hole of the holding portions 23, 23 'are that the fixture 20 is perpendicular to the major axis of the groove when the fixture 40 is inserted. It is dimensioned so that it can be moved in the direction. Therefore, the discrepancy at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the insertion opening 24 is further adjusted.

The fixed tool 20 thus formed as a fixed spring is made of metal (right of FIG. 28) or plastic material (FIG. 28).
Can be made from the left). The materials, especially the combination of materials, are selected to be substantially corrosion free. This is also achieved by a surface passivation treatment.

Depending on what kind of drainage, ie the casting grid or the steel grid grid, the inserts 41-45 can be connected directly to the lid 30,
Alternatively, use a retainer 47 "(for foundry grate) as shown in Figure 35. The retainer 47" shown has a threaded hole so that the fastener 40 (Figure 34) has a screw hole in its head 45. If a threaded insert is provided instead of the above, this can be screwed into the holder 47 ".

As already described, the lock device for the drainage groove shown in the above-mentioned embodiment can be used in the existing system by various methods, and the existing fixing means, particularly the fixing means not using the bolts, can be used. Can be combined.

The previously described embodiment of securing the lid 30 to the fixture 40 without the use of bolts is described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 37 and 38.

When the aforementioned knurled pin 100 is used, the fixing tool 40 or the insertion tools 41-46 are provided with holes 102 for surely grasping this when the knurled pin 100 is pushed or pressed.

The knurled pin 100 used has a knurled cross or a linear knurled eye which is particularly holding and advantageous. The knurled holes are provided in a range substantially corresponding to twice the diameter of the knurled pin 100.

It is advantageous to use compressed air to press-fit the knurled pin 100 for securely connecting the fixing device 40 and the lid 30 and to already install it when the lid 30 is manufactured.
In this way, a set of parts including the lid 30 and the fixture 40 is obtained, and the assembly and disassembly can be performed on site depending on the configuration of the inserts 41-46 of the fixture 40 and the shapes of the conical surface 42 and the holding surface 43. Yes, there is no need for cumbersome bolted joints.

Lid 30, Fixture 40 and Knurled Pin 10
On the other hand, the combination of 0 and the material is
On the other hand, make a selection in consideration of prevention of bulging of the shaft of the knurled pin when the maximum possible press-fitting / pulling-out force is applied.

In particular, the advantage of using the knurled pin 100 with flat head 101 shown in FIG. 38 (the figure shows a crossed knurled pin) has been demonstrated. In this case, the orientation or centering of the press fit into the hole 102 is ensured without any guidance.

In the case of the cast iron lid 30, the knurled pin 100 is made of vanadium steel, for example, V2A.

The impact and tensile strength of the lid 30 and fixture 40 connected with one or several knurled pins is surprising, probably due to the cold welding process.
It was found to be higher than expected for pure press-fit connections.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a drainage groove on which a frame is placed.

FIG. 2 is a view of the frame of FIG. 1 taken along the line II-II.

FIG. 3 is a view of the frame of FIG. 1 taken along the line III-III.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of the frame of FIG.

5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG.

6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG.

7 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a view from below of the frame of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a side view of a fixed spring.

FIG. 10 is a side view of the fixture.

11 is a view of the fixture shown in FIG. 10 taken along the line XI-XI.

12 is a view of the fixture shown in FIG. 11, taken along the line XII-XII.

FIG. 13 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of a drainage groove on which a lid is placed.

FIG. 14 is a view on arrow XIV-XIV in FIG.

FIG. 15 is a partial cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 13 with a fixture inserted.

16 is an XVI-XVI arrow view of FIG.

FIG. 17 is a partial cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 15 with the fixture rotated.

18 is a view on arrow XVIII-XVIII in FIG.

FIG. 19 is a partial plan view of the surface drainage groove on which the lid is placed.

20 is a view on arrow XX-XX in FIG.

21 is a view on arrow XXI-XXI of FIG.

FIG. 22 is a plan view of a locking spring.

23 is a sectional view taken along line XXIII-XXIII of FIG.

FIG. 24 is a plan view of the insertion tool.

FIG. 25 is a front view of the insertion device of FIG. 24, taken along the line XXIV-XXIV.

FIG. 26 is a side view of the insertion device in FIG. 24, taken along the line XXVI-XXVI.

FIG. 27 is a plan view of another preferred embodiment insert.

FIG. 28 is a partial cross-sectional view of a drainage groove with locking means according to a fourth concept of the present invention.

29 is a plan view of the configuration of FIG. 28 with the lid removed.

FIG. 30 is a side view of the horizontal bar.

31 is a plan view of the crossbar of FIG. 30. FIG.

FIG. 32 is a side view of another embodiment of a crossbar.

33 is a plan view of the horizontal bar of FIG. 32. FIG.

FIG. 34 is a view of the insert attached to the lid.

FIG. 35 is a plan view of the retaining means for the lid grid insert.

36 is a side view of the holding means of FIG. 35. FIG.

FIG. 37 is a partial cross-sectional view of a knurled pin connection between a fixture and a lid.

38 is a view of a knurled flat-headed pin advantageously used in the connection of FIG. 37. FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Drain groove / main body 2 ... Side wall of groove 3 ... Upper edge of groove 4 ... Reinforcing rib of groove 5 ... Bottom of groove 6 ... Support surface for frame lid 7 ... Recess for fixing cross bar 10 ... Frame 11 ... Receiving means First pocket 12 ... second pocket of receiving means 13 ... hook stopper 14 ... retainer provided on lid 20 ... fixture / flat plate 21 ... screw hole of fixture 22 ... spring part of fixing spring 23 … Fixing spring holding part 24… Fixing spring insertion port 25… Rectangular hole 26… Groove protrusion / insertion part 29… Lid insertion hole 29 ′… Holder 30… Lid 31… Lid hole 32… Lid length Edge 33… Lid slit 34… Lid surface 35… Lid protrusion 36… Guide rail 37… Lid rib 38… Retaining notch 39… Hook hole 40… Fixing / inserting tool 41… Inserting tool tip 42 … Insert conical surface 43… Insert support surface 44… Insert tool shaft 45… Insert tool head 46… Insert tool retention protrusion 47… Insert tool enlarged surface / lid notch 50… Cushion 60 … Insert 61 Locking spring 62 ... Locking spring holding portion 63 ... Locking spring locking portion 64 ... Insert upper plate / cover 65 ... Insert bottom plate 66 ... Insert middle 67 ... Insert cleaning means / Sloping surface 68… Rail notch / engaged part 69… Insert opening 70… Top surface of insert 71… Insert retaining part 80… Crossbar 81, 81 '… End of crossbar 83… Crossbar The base surface of 84… The leg of the cross bar 85… The separation line of the cross bar 86… The claw at the end of the cross bar 87… The roundness of the end of the cross bar 100… The knurled pin 101… The head of the pin 102… The hole for the fixing tool for the pin 103… Cross knurled eye of the same pin

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (31) Priority claim number P 42 41 707: 4 (32) Priority date December 10, 1992 (33) Priority claim country Germany (DE) (31) Priority claim number P 43 40 410: 3 (32) Priority Date November 26, 1993 (33) Priority State Germany (DE) (72) Inventor Wolfgang Arum Federal Republic of Germany, 24768 Lendsburg, Starger del Strasse 17 (72) Inventor Janbit Germany, 24340 Eckernfolde, Clintberg 7

Claims (32)

[Claims] 1. A lid (30) having a plurality of holes (31),
It can be fixed to one structure (1) provided on the ground, particularly to the main body, by a fixing means including a fixture (40) attachable to the lid and a fixture (20) attached to the body (1) In the surface drainage device, especially in the drainage channel, the main body (1) has a plurality of receiving means (7, 7 '; 11, 11'; 12), and before or after the main body is installed on the ground. After that, the surface drainage device is configured so that various kinds of fixtures (20, 20 ', 20 ") can be attached to the receiving means. 2. The surface drainage device according to claim 1, wherein the receiving means (11, 12) is constructed so that it can be removed again after the fixture (20) is attached. 3. A plurality of receiving means (11, 12) are provided, on the one hand each of which is at least one fixture (20, 20 ',
20 ") and, on the other hand, a cushioning material (50) for cushioning the vertical movement between the lid (30) and the body (1) can be inserted. The surface drainage device according to any one of 1. 4. The fixture (20) has a screw hole (21),
Surface drainage device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixture is formed as a bolt. 5. The fixed tool having a fixing spring (22, 23)
(20) and the fixing tool (40) having the insertion tool (41-46) attached to the lid (30) and having the thickened tips (41, 42) to guide the insertion, The insertion tool causes the fixed spring (22, 2) to move in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane in which the lid (30) is present.
The surface drainage device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is formed so that it can be inserted into the insertion port (24) of 3) by elastic deformation of the fixed spring and is retained after the insertion. . 6. The fixture (40) or insert (41-46) each comprises at least one hole (102) for press-fitting a knurled pin (100), the knurled pin providing a fixture. A surface drainage system according to claim 5, characterized in that the (40) is connected to the lid (30). 7. The surface drainage device according to claim 6, wherein the knurled pin (100) has a linear knurled pattern. 8. The thickened portion of the tips (41, 42) is formed in an acute-angled cone shape, and the lid-side end portion (43) is formed in an obtuse-angled cone shape. Surface drainage device. 9. The insertion opening (24) is formed in an elongated hole shape so that the insertion tool (41-46) can be inserted at any position along the long axis of the insertion opening (24). The surface drainage device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein 10. The insertion tool (41-46) is provided with the insertion opening (24).
10. The fixed springs (22, 23) are mounted with play so that the fixed springs (22, 23) can be moved by the insertion tool when inserting into the device. The surface drainage device according to any one of items. 11. The insertion opening (24) is formed in an elongated hole shape, and the insertion tool (41-46) is located at an arbitrary position along the long axis of the insertion opening (24). 6. The insertion tool (41-46) is fixed so that the fixing spring (22, 23) can be moved in a direction perpendicular to the major axis when the insertion tool (41-46) is inserted into 8
Surface drainage equipment. 12. The fixed spring is substantially tape-shaped,
It has a lower substantially U-shaped or V-shaped spring portion (22) followed by two U-shaped holding portions (23), the ends of each leg of which are said spring portions (22). ) Is formed so that its open side projects upward and each fixed spring (22, 23) is a hole in the frame (10, 10 ') or flat plate (20). It can be inserted in (25) and the holes in the legs (23, 23 ') of the holding part
Surface drainage device according to any one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that it is mounted in the hole (25) so as to cover the two opposite edges of the (25). 13. The insert (41-46) is rotatably mounted about its long axis, the lower part of the insert having two opposite diameters corresponding to the diameter of the thickened end. It has an enlarged surface (47, 47 '), and when the enlarged surface (47, 47') contacts the holding portion (23, 23 ') of the fixed spring (22, 23), the insertion tool (41 -46) spreads the fixed spring, and the insertion tool (41-4
13. The surface drainage device according to claim 11 or 12, wherein 6) is formed so as to be pulled out from the insertion port (24). 14. The fixing springs (22, 23) are attached to a flat plate insertable into a laterally open pocket (12) of the frame (10, 10 '). Claim 5
The surface drainage device according to any one of 1 to 13. 15. The fixing springs (22, 23) are attached to the main body (1).
Surface drainage device according to any one of claims 5 to 13, characterized in that it is attached to a single cross bar (80) fixed in it. 16. The surface drainage device of claim 14, wherein the lid (30) has a single retaining projection to prevent the flat plate from falling out of the pocket (12). 17. The fastener (40) comprises at least one insert (60), which is supported by the lid (30) to provide a lid.
(30) is movable toward the closed position in the direction of one long edge (32, 32 ') and from the closed position to the open position, and the fixture (20) is the main body (1) or the frame. (10, 10 ') has at least one insertion part (26), and when the insertion device (60) is brought to the closed position, the lid (30) is placed on the main body (1). Insert it into the insertion part (6
0) is inserted, surface drainage device according to any one of the preceding claims. 18. The plug (60) comprises a locking means (61), preferably one locking spring which elastically engages with the lid (30), the plug (60) being the plug part. The locking spring reaches one locked portion (68) provided on the lid (30) so as to be fixed at this position in the closed position with (26), and at this time, the locking is performed. 18. The surface drainage device of claim 17, wherein is preferably performed also in the open position. 19. The plug (60) is fitted with a hole (3) in the lid (30).
It is attached to one of 1), Claim 17 or 18 characterized by the above-mentioned.
Surface drainage equipment. 20. The insert (60) has a single opening (69).
With the opening in the closed position the plug (60)
20. The surface drainage device according to claim 19, characterized in that one common hole is formed together with the holes in which the holes are arranged, which substantially corresponds to the other holes (31) of the lid. 21. The hole in which the insert (60) is attached is formed as a slit (33) open toward the long edges (32, 32 ') of the lid (30). Claim 19
Or 20 surface drainage devices. 22. The covering (64) is a single piece of the plug (60).
22. The surface drainage device according to claim 21, characterized in that it has an upwardly closed open range of the slit up to the long edges (32, 32 ') in the closed position. 23. The surface (70) of the insert (60) is the lid.
23. The surface drainage device according to claim 22, wherein the surface of the (30) is so low that the insertion tool (60) is not loaded when traveling on the lid (30). 24. The insert (60) is substantially double T-shaped or dovetail-shaped in a plane perpendicular to the direction of movement,
24. The surface drainage device according to claim 19, wherein the surface drainage device is formed corresponding to the hole (31) of the lid (30) (rails 36, 36 '). 25. The insert (60) is a long edge of the lid (30).
20. One cleaning means (67) is provided at the end opposite to the (32) so as to clean dirt in the moving passage when moving from the closed position to the open position. The surface drainage device according to any one of 24. 26. The surface drainage device according to claim 25, wherein the cleaning means (67) has an inclined surface for picking up dirt during movement. 27. The plug-in part has one projection (26) which projects into the one retaining notch (38) of the lid (30) in the range of the plug-in (60), 27. The surface drainage device according to claim 17, wherein the insertion tool (60) has a holding portion (71) inserted below the protrusion (26). 28. The retaining notch (38) comprises the lid (30).
28. Surface drainage device according to claim 27, characterized in that it is formed corresponding to said projections (26) so as to impede its movement in the direction of its long edges (32, 32 '). 29. Hook holes in the long edges (32, 32 ') of the lid (30).
(39) is provided, and when the lid (30) is placed on the main body (1), the hook stopper hole is formed so as to fit with the hook stopper (13 ') provided on the main body (1). Any one of the preceding claims characterized
Item surface drainage device. 30. The hook stopper (13) and the hook hole (39) allow the main body (1) and the lid (30) so that the long edges (32, 32 ') of the lid (30) can be exchanged. 30. The surface drainage device according to claim 29, characterized in that they are arranged symmetrically to each other. 31. The lid (30) comprises a downwardly projecting retainer (14) in the groove (1), which is a receiving means (11,
11. The surface drainage device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixed tool (20) is prevented from falling off from 11 '; 12). 32. The fixture (20) is the upper edge of the body (1).
Surface drainage device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is mounted in a metal frame (10, 10 ') provided in (3, 3').