JPH06277279A - Dialyzer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the dialyzer without requiring the adjustment of fluid replacement just before starting the dialytic treatment and decreasing the cost of dialyzing and filtration treatment. CONSTITUTION:The device consists of a blood line 1, dialyzate solvent line 2, and fluid replacement line 3. A dialyzate solvent supply line 23 of the line 2 and a fluid replacement supply line 32 of the line 3 are connected to a dialyzer 33 for liquid supply to dialyze the fluid replacement with the dialyzate solvent. The blood is supplied to a dialyzer 13 from a blood pump 12 through a blood supply line 11 where it comes into contact with the dialyzate solvent supplied to the dialyzer 13 through the line 23 and dialyzed in contact through a film 16 of the dialyzer 13. The dialyzed blood is sent to a blood return line 14 with the fluid replacement supplied from the line 32. The air in the blood is removed by an air trap 15 and then returned to the human body.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dialysis machine, and more particularly, to a dialysis machine suitable for dialysis treatment, particularly for peritoneal dialysis therapy requiring replacement fluid.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A replacement fluid used for peritoneal dialysis therapy has a similar composition to that of a conventional dialysate because it is considered that the use of bikervanate as an alkaline agent is less burdensome on the living body like the dialysate. Things are being used. However, when bicarbonate is mixed in the replacement fluid, it reacts with other compositions such as calcium ions and magnesium ions to crystallize. Therefore, the conventional replacement fluid is divided into two solutions and mixed just before use. However, it is complicated and requires a complicated device. Moreover, while the conventional replacement fluid has a high therapeutic effect,
Because it is expensive, the application of insurance is limited, and it has not spread widely.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a dialysis device that does not require preparation of a replacement fluid immediately before use and can reduce the cost of peritoneal dialysis treatment. The purpose is to do.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention dialyzed a physiological saline solution which is generally used in hospitals at present with a dialysate, and changed the physiological saline composition into a dialysate composition. It has been found that it can be used as a replacement fluid for the peritoneal hyperdialysis therapy by approximating to
That is, the present invention provides a dialyzer, a blood supply line for supplying blood to the dialyzer, a blood pump provided for the blood supply line, a blood return line for returning blood processed by the dialyzer, and the dialyzer. A dialysate supply line for supplying fresh dialysate, a dialysate recovery line for collecting used dialysate from the dialyzer, a replacement fluid container for containing a replacement fluid, and a replacement fluid in the replacement fluid container for the blood supply line, dialyzer and blood return line. Comprising a replacement fluid supply line for supplying a blood line consisting of, a replacement fluid pump provided in the replacement fluid supply line, and a dialyser for replacement fluid, and a water removal amount control mechanism including the dialysate supply line and the dialysate recovery line is hermetically sealed. With the capacity system, the dialysate supply line and the replacement fluid supply line are connected to the replacement fluid dialyzer, and the replacement fluid and the dialysate contact through the membrane of the replacement fluid dialyzer to form the replacement fluid. It is constructed dialyzer comprising as analyzed.

However, the closed capacity type water removal amount control mechanism includes, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-82 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-21.
As shown in Japanese Patent No. 8722, the inside of the dialysate container is divided into a supply chamber and a recovery chamber by a movable partition, and one supply chamber is connected to the inlet of the dialyzer and the other recovery chamber is connected to the outlet of the dialyzer. Then, a closed circuit is formed in the supply chamber, dialyzer and recovery chamber, and the fresh dialysate introduced into the supply chamber is supplied to the dialyzer in accordance with the volume change accompanying the movement of the movable partition wall, and at the same time from the dialyzer. This means that the discharged treated dialysate is recovered in the recovery chamber according to the increase in the volume of the recovery chamber due to the movement of the movable partition wall.

[0006]

According to the above structure, the replacement fluid supplied from the replacement fluid container to the replacement fluid dialyzer via the replacement fluid supply line is supplied from the dialysate supply unit to the replacement fluid dialyzer via the dialysate supply line. The dialysate is brought into contact with the dialyzer for replacement fluid through the membrane and is dialyzed to be a replacement fluid having a composition similar to that of the dialysate. Therefore,
An inexpensive drug solution such as physiological saline can be used as a replacement fluid for the hyperfiltration and hyperdialysis therapy. Then, the replacement fluid dialyzed by the replacement fluid dialyzer is supplied from the replacement fluid supply line to the blood line, while the dialysate contacted with the replacement fluid through the membrane of the replacement fluid dialyzer is supplied to the dialyzer to After contacting blood through the membrane to dialyze it, it is collected by the water removal amount control unit via the dialysate recovery line and discharged to the outside.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, a dialysis apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a dialysis apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is a blood line, 11 is a blood supply line, 12 is a blood pump, 13 is a dialyzer, and 14 is a blood return line. Is a dialysate line, 21 is a dialysate supply unit, 22 is a water removal control unit, 23 is a dialysate supply line, 24
Is a dialysate recovery line, 3 is a replacement fluid line, 31 is a replacement fluid container, 32 is a replacement fluid supply line, 33 is a replacement fluid dialyzer, 34
Is a first replacement fluid pump, and 35 is a second replacement fluid pump.

As shown in FIG. 1, the dialysis apparatus of the present invention comprises a blood line 1, a dialysate line 2 and a replacement fluid line 3. The blood line 1 comprises a dialyzer 13 and a blood supply upstream of the dialyzer 13. It comprises a line 11, a blood return line 14 on the downstream side of the dialyzer 13, and a blood pump 12 interposed in the blood supply line 11. The blood return line 14 contains air in the blood dialyzed and supplied with the replacement fluid. An air trap 15 is provided for capturing and removing. The dialysate line 2 includes a dialysate supply unit 21, a water removal control unit 22, a dialysate supply line 23 upstream of the dialyzer 13, a dialysate recovery line 24 downstream of the dialyzer 13, and water removal control. The part 22 includes a dialysate discharge line 25 for discharging the used dialysate collected, and the water removal control part 22, the dialysate supply line 23, and the dialysate recovery line 24 control the amount of water removal in a closed volume system. It constitutes the mechanism. On the other hand, the replacement fluid line 3 includes a replacement fluid container 31 containing an electrolyte solution as a replacement fluid, preferably physiological saline, a replacement fluid supply line 32, a first replacement fluid pump 34 and / or a second replacement fluid pump 34 provided on the replacement fluid supply line 32. A replacement fluid pump 35 and a replacement fluid dialyzer 33 are included.

2 as an indwelling needle for dialysis (not shown)
Explaining the case of using the needle type, blood collected through the indwelling needle punctured in the vein is supplied to the dialyzer 13 through the blood supply line 11 by the blood pump 12, where the dialysate supply line 23 Through dialyzer 13
The dialysate supplied to the membrane is contacted via the membrane 16 of the dialyzer 13 and dialyzed. Then, the dialyzed blood is sent to the blood return line 14, supplied with a replacement fluid from the replacement fluid supply line 32, and the air in the blood is removed by the air trap 15.
It is returned to the artery through an indwelling needle punctured in the artery.
The supply of the replacement fluid to the blood may be anywhere on the blood line 1, but is preferably between the blood pump 12 and the air trap 15.

On the other hand, the water removal control unit 2 from the dialysate supply unit 21.
The dialysate supplied to No. 2 is supplied to the dialysate supply line 23 by a pump (not shown) built in the water removal control unit 22.
Fluid supplied to the dialyser 33 for fluid replacement through the fluid supply line 3, and supplied to the dialyzer 33 for fluid replacement through the fluid replacement line 3.
For example, physiological saline is brought into contact through the membrane 36 of the rehydration dialyzer 33, and after dialysis of the physiological saline, the physiological saline is supplied to the dialyzer 13 of the blood line 1, and the blood is dialyzed and returned to the water removal control unit 22. Be done. The used dialysate is the dialysate drain line 2
The entire amount is discharged through the 5. Incidentally, the used dialysate can be regenerated and used.

The physiological saline (replacement fluid) will be described with reference to FIG. 2. From the replenishment fluid container 31, the first replenishment fluid pump 34 passes through a portion of the replenishment fluid supply line 32 on the upstream side of the replenishment fluid dialyzer 33 and dialyzing fluid for replenishment fluid. The dialysate is supplied to the dialyzer 33, where it passes through the dialysate supply line 23 and is brought into contact with the dialysate supplied to the dialysate 33 for replacement fluid through the membrane 36 of the dialyzer 33 for replacement fluid to be dialyzed. Then, the replacement fluid that has been dialyzed to have a composition substantially equal to the composition of the dialysate is sent to the blood line 1 by the second replacement fluid pump 35 through a portion of the replacement fluid supply line 32 downstream of the replacement fluid dialyzer 33. After being mixed in the blood and removing the air by the air trap 15, it is injected into the human body.

The replacement fluid pump is not necessarily clean because the fluid pressure in the fluid replacement line 3 in the fluid replacement dialyzer 33 is made larger than that in the dialysate supply line 23 (tap water is often used). The dialysate is prevented from being mixed with the replacement fluid, and the amount of the replacement fluid supplied to the blood line 1 is accurately controlled. Therefore, one replacement fluid pump is provided on each of the upstream side and the downstream side of the replacement fluid dialyzer 33 so that the flow rate of the first replacement fluid pump 34 is higher than the flow rate of the second replacement fluid pump 35.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the flow and flow rate of blood, dialysate, and replacement fluid during actual hyperdialysis treatment (replenishment rate 90
(in the case of performing hemodialysis without changing the patient's body weight while supplying the replacement fluid to the blood line 1 at ml / min) is indicated by an arrow and a number in parentheses, respectively. Blood is 2 in dialyzer 13
00 ml is supplied, 90 ml of water is removed here, and 110 ml is sent to the blood return line 14, where 90 ml of the replacement fluid from the replacement fluid line 3 is replenished to 200 ml and returned to the human body.
On the other hand, 500 ml of dialysate is supplied to the replacement dialyzer 33,
Here, 10 ml of water is taken from the replacement fluid to make 510 ml and supplied to the dialyzer 13 of the blood line 1, where 9
The water of 0 ml is taken up to 600 ml and returned to the water removal control unit 22. In addition, 100 ml of the replacement fluid is supplied to the replacement fluid dialyzer 33, where 10 ml of water is removed and 90 ml is added to the blood line 1.
Is replenished with blood.

[0014]

As apparent from what has been described above, by using the dialysis device of the present invention, it is not necessary to prepare a replacement fluid immediately before use in the case of dialysis filtration treatment which requires replacement fluid. The complexity of the operation can be reduced. In addition, since physiological saline that is far cheaper than the conventionally used replacement fluid can be used as the replacement fluid,
Treatment costs can be significantly reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a dialysis device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 blood line 11 blood supply line 12 blood pump 13 dialyzer 14 blood return line 2 dialysate line 22 water removal control unit 23 dialysate supply line 24 dialysate recovery line 3 replacement fluid line 31 replacement fluid container 32 replacement fluid supply line 33 replacement fluid dialyzer 34 First Replacement Fluid Pump 35 Second Replacement Fluid Pump

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] July 16, 1993

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Name of item to be corrected] Figure 1

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Figure 1]

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A dialyzer, a blood supply line for supplying blood to the dialyzer, a blood pump provided for the blood supply line, a blood return line for returning the blood treated by the dialyzer, and a fresh blood for the dialyzer. A dialysate supply line for supplying dialysate, a dialysate recovery line for collecting used dialysate from the dialyzer,
A replacement fluid container for storing replacement fluid, a replacement fluid supply line for supplying the replacement fluid in the replacement fluid container to the blood line including the blood supply line and the dialyzer, a blood return line, a replacement fluid pump provided in the replacement fluid supply line, and a replacement fluid dialyzer. Comprising, the water removal amount control mechanism including the dialysate supply line and the dialysate recovery line is a closed capacity system, the dialysate for replacement fluid is connected to the dialysate supply line and the replacement fluid supply line. A dialyzer configured so that the replacement fluid and the dialysate come into contact with each other through the membrane of the dialyser for replacement fluid so that the replacement fluid is dialyzed. 2. The replacement fluid pump is provided upstream and downstream of the replacement fluid dialyzer, respectively, and the flow rate of the upstream replacement fluid pump is controlled to be higher than the downstream replacement fluid pump flow rate. Dialysis machine. 3. The dialysis device according to claim 1, wherein the replacement fluid is physiological saline.