JPH06274706A - Radio ic card - Google Patents

Radio ic card

Info

Publication number
JPH06274706A
JPH06274706A JP5059215A JP5921593A JPH06274706A JP H06274706 A JPH06274706 A JP H06274706A JP 5059215 A JP5059215 A JP 5059215A JP 5921593 A JP5921593 A JP 5921593A JP H06274706 A JPH06274706 A JP H06274706A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
diode
modulation
antenna
card
bias current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP5059215A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3362188B2 (en
Inventor
Yasuhiro Sato
安弘 佐藤
Takuya Fujimoto
卓也 藤本
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Omron Corp
Original Assignee
Omron Corp
Omron Tateisi Electronics Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Omron Corp, Omron Tateisi Electronics Co filed Critical Omron Corp
Priority to JP05921593A priority Critical patent/JP3362188B2/en
Publication of JPH06274706A publication Critical patent/JPH06274706A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3362188B2 publication Critical patent/JP3362188B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an inexpensive IC card which can improve the receiving frequency and also can secure a deep degree of modulation by using a diode that can be used in common to both modulation and demodulation and also preparing a matching circuit between the diode and an antenna. CONSTITUTION:A matching stub consisting of an ohm transmission line 9 and an open stub 10 is provided between an antenna 7 and a diode 11 used for modulation and demodulation. The signal received by the antenna 7 is transmitted through the line 9 and detected by the diode 11. This detected signal is transmitted through a terminal 12. A bias current is supplied to the diode 11 from a +V power supply 13 and then flows to the diode 11 through a high impedance line 15. A matching state is secured between the antenna 7 and the diode 11 in a state where no bias current flows in the reception (detection) and holding modes. Meanwhile an unmatched state is secured between the antenna 7 and the diode 11 in a modulation mode by supplying a bias current in accordance with '1' or '0' of data.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、応答器として使用さ
れ、質問器とで無線ICカードシステムを構成し、非接
触通信を行う無線ICカードに関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wireless IC card which is used as a responder and constitutes a wireless IC card system with an interrogator to perform non-contact communication.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】一般に、無線ICカードシステムは、図
4に示すように、質問器1と、移動体に搭載あるいは付
設されて移動する無線ICカード(応答器)2との間
で、無線線路3で、例えば2.45GHZのマイクロ波
を用いて非接触通信を行っている。この種のシステム
に、使用される無線ICカードは、図5に示すように、
変調回路4と検波(復調)回路5とを個別に備え、変調
をかけるときに、制御回路6から変調回路4に信号を送
り、変調回路4は、例えばダイオードへのバイアス電流
の変化を与え、バイアスをかけない状態での反射と、バ
イアスをかけたときの状態との二つの状態によってAS
K変調を行っている。そしてバイアス電流が流れたとき
に、アンテナ7との整合がとれるように設定している。
このように構成することによって、バイアス電流が流れ
たときアンテナ7からの電力は吸収され、バイアス電流
が流れないときには、アンテナ7からの電力は反射され
再び放射される。この作用によってASKの変調波がI
Cカードから送信される。一方、受信時、待機時は、電
池寿命を考慮して、変調回路4と検波回路5には、バイ
アス電流を流さずに、受信を行い、アンテナ7と検波回
路5は整合がとれていない状態としている。なお、待機
時とは、通信可能であり、質問器との間で送信も受信も
行われていない状態をいい、受信時とは、質問器から電
波が送られてきて、これを受信中の状態をいう。
2. Description of the Related Art Generally, as shown in FIG. 4, a wireless IC card system includes a wireless line between an interrogator 1 and a wireless IC card (responder) 2 which is mounted on or attached to a moving body to move. 3, the non-contact communication is performed using the microwave of 2.45 GHZ, for example. The wireless IC card used in this type of system is as shown in FIG.
The modulation circuit 4 and the detection (demodulation) circuit 5 are separately provided, and when modulation is applied, a signal is sent from the control circuit 6 to the modulation circuit 4, and the modulation circuit 4 gives a change in bias current to, for example, a diode, AS is determined by two states: reflection without bias and state with bias.
K modulation is performed. Then, it is set so that the antenna 7 and the antenna 7 can be matched when a bias current flows.
With this configuration, the electric power from the antenna 7 is absorbed when the bias current flows, and the electric power from the antenna 7 is reflected and radiated again when the bias current does not flow. By this action, the modulated wave of ASK is I
Sent from C card. On the other hand, at the time of reception and standby, in consideration of battery life, reception is performed without supplying a bias current to the modulation circuit 4 and the detection circuit 5, and the antenna 7 and the detection circuit 5 are not matched. I am trying. It should be noted that standby means that communication is possible and neither transmission nor reception is performed with the interrogator.At reception, radio waves are sent from the interrogator and are being received. State.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記した従来の無線I
Cカードでは、受信時、待機時において、アンテナと検
波回路の整合をとっていないので、受信感度が良くな
い。つまり受信効率が良くない。さりとて、検波回路の
整合をとると、カードに放射された電力のほとんどが受
信ダイオードで消費されるため、反射される電力が極端
に少なくなる。そのため変調が浅くなる。また、変調
用、検波用のダイオードがそれぞれ1個ずつ必要である
上、受信感度を得るためには高性能なダイオードが必要
であるため、コスト高となるという問題があった。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The above-mentioned conventional wireless I
In the C card, the receiving sensitivity is not good because the antenna and the detection circuit are not matched during reception and standby. That is, the reception efficiency is not good. In the meantime, if the detection circuit is matched, most of the power radiated to the card is consumed by the receiving diode, and the reflected power becomes extremely small. Therefore, the modulation becomes shallow. In addition, one diode for modulation and one diode for detection are required, and a high-performance diode is required to obtain reception sensitivity, which causes a problem of high cost.

【0004】この発明は、上記問題点に着目してなされ
たものであって、受信効率が良く、それでいて変調も深
くでき、さらに安価に実現し得る無線ICカードを提供
することを目的としている。
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wireless IC card which has a high reception efficiency, can be deeply modulated, and can be realized at low cost.

【0005】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段及び作用】この発明の無線
ICカードは、変復調に共用するダイオードを備えると
ともに、受信時及び待機時に前記ダイオードに流れるバ
イアス電流を零あるいはほぼ零に設定するとともに、前
記ダイオードとアンテナ間に、受信時及び待機時に整合
が取れ、変調時にデータの論理状態の一方で大きく非整
合となる整合回路を設けている。
The wireless IC card of the present invention is provided with a diode commonly used for modulation / demodulation, and sets the bias current flowing through the diode at the time of reception and standby to zero or almost zero. A matching circuit is provided between the diode and the antenna so that matching can be achieved at the time of reception and standby, and at the time of modulation, one of the logical states of the data is largely unmatched.

【0006】この無線ICカードでは、受信時及び待機
時にダイオードとアンテナ間の整合が取れているので、
受信効率が良い。また、変調時に、データの「1」と
「0」の論理状態の一方が不整合状態となり、他方が整
合状態となるので、変調を深くかけることができる。
In this wireless IC card, the diode and the antenna are matched during reception and standby,
Good reception efficiency. Further, at the time of modulation, one of the logical states of "1" and "0" of the data becomes the mismatched state and the other becomes the matched state, so that the modulation can be deeply applied.

【0007】[0007]

【実施例】以下、実施例により、この発明をさらに詳細
に説明する。図1は、この発明の一実施例を示す無線I
Cカードのブロック図である。この無線ICカードは、
変調回路と検波(復調)回路を共用する変復調回路8
を、制御回路6とアンテナ7間に備えており、この変復
調回路8として具体的には後述するように一つのダイオ
ードを使用する。この無線ICカードでは受信(検波)
時、待機時にはバイアス電流を流さない状態で、アンテ
ナ7と変復調回路8の間で整合を取っておき、変調時は
データの「1」と「0」に対応して、そのいずれか一方
において、バイアス電流を流すことで不整合とし、反射
を起こさせることで変調波を送信する。これにより、受
信時は整合が取れているので、受信感度を最大に取り、
しかも反射される電力、すなわち送信電力が大きくでき
る。
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. FIG. 1 shows a wireless I showing an embodiment of the present invention.
It is a block diagram of a C card. This wireless IC card
Modulation / demodulation circuit 8 that shares a modulation circuit and a detection (demodulation) circuit
Is provided between the control circuit 6 and the antenna 7, and as the modulation / demodulation circuit 8, one diode is specifically used as described later. This wireless IC card receives (detects)
At the time of standby, the antenna 7 and the modulation / demodulation circuit 8 are matched in a state where no bias current is supplied, and at the time of modulation, corresponding to data "1" and "0", either one of them has a bias current. To cause a mismatch, and to cause a reflection to transmit a modulated wave. As a result, matching is achieved during reception, maximizing reception sensitivity,
Moreover, the reflected power, that is, the transmission power can be increased.

【0008】図2は同実施例無線ICカードの具体的な
回路図を示している。アンテナ7と、変復調用のダイオ
ード11間には、オーム伝送路9と、開放スタブ10か
らなる整合スタブが設けられており、さらに+V電源1
3と、ダイオード11の+側には電流制限抵抗14、高
インピーダンスライン15の直列回路が接続されてい
る。
FIG. 2 shows a concrete circuit diagram of the wireless IC card of the embodiment. An ohmic transmission line 9 and a matching stub composed of an open stub 10 are provided between the antenna 7 and the modulation / demodulation diode 11, and a + V power supply 1 is provided.
3, a series circuit of a current limiting resistor 14 and a high impedance line 15 is connected to the + side of the diode 11.

【0009】この無線ICカードにおいて、送受信アン
テナ7で受信された信号は50オームの伝送線路9を通
る。この伝送線路9には、開放スタブ10が取り付けら
れ、整合回路として作用している。ダイオード11によ
り検波された信号、すなわちダイオードの両端の電圧が
端子12から出力される。ダイオード11へのバイアス
電流は+V電源13から入力されるが、高周波部分への
影響を無くすため、高インピーダンスライン15を通し
てダイオード11に流れるようにしている。
In this wireless IC card, the signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 7 passes through the transmission line 9 of 50 ohms. An open stub 10 is attached to the transmission line 9 and acts as a matching circuit. The signal detected by the diode 11, that is, the voltage across the diode is output from the terminal 12. The bias current to the diode 11 is input from the + V power source 13, but in order to eliminate the influence on the high frequency part, it is made to flow to the diode 11 through the high impedance line 15.

【0010】図2の回路において、受信時、待機時のA
点からダイオード11方向を見たインピーダンスは、図
3のスミス図表のa点で示す値である。また、変調信号
がダイオード11に加わった時のインピーダンスは、図
3のb点で示す値である。これらを、さらに図2の回路
の伝送線路9を通して見た時、すなわちB点からダイオ
ード11方向を見た時にそれぞれのインピーダンスがc
点と、d点で示す値となるように整合スタブ10を設定
しており、これにより、バイアス電流を従来より増やす
ことなく、受信感度を向上させ、しかも変調時には、深
い変調がかけられる。さらには、ダイオードが1個でも
実現できるのを素子数を減らすことも可能である。
In the circuit of FIG. 2, A during reception and during standby
The impedance viewed from the point toward the diode 11 is the value indicated by point a in the Smith chart of FIG. Further, the impedance when the modulation signal is applied to the diode 11 is the value indicated by point b in FIG. When these are further viewed through the transmission line 9 of the circuit in FIG. 2, that is, when the diode 11 is viewed from the point B, the impedance of each is c
The matching stub 10 is set so as to have a value indicated by the point and a value indicated by the point d. This makes it possible to improve the receiving sensitivity without increasing the bias current as compared with the conventional one, and to perform deep modulation at the time of modulation. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce the number of elements that can be realized with one diode.

【0011】[0011]

【発明の効果】この発明によれば、受信時及び待機時に
アンテナとダイオード間の整合が取れるように設定され
ているので、受信効率が良く、従って質問器との通信距
離が長く取れる。また、変調時はデータの論理状態の一
方が非整合状態とするように設定されているので、整合
時と非整合時間でのより深い変調を取ることができる。
According to the present invention, since the antenna and the diode are set to match each other during reception and standby, the reception efficiency is good, and therefore the communication distance with the interrogator can be long. Further, since one of the logic states of the data is set to the non-matching state at the time of modulation, it is possible to perform deeper modulation at the matching time and the non-matching time.

【0012】さらに、そのように設定することにより、
ダイオードを変調用と検波用に共用できるので、コスト
安を実現できるという効果がある。
Further, by making such settings,
Since the diode can be shared for modulation and detection, there is an effect that the cost can be reduced.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】この発明の一実施例を示す無線ICカードのブ
ロック図である
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless IC card showing an embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】同実施例無線ICカードの具体回路を示す回路
接続図である。
FIG. 2 is a circuit connection diagram showing a specific circuit of the wireless IC card of the embodiment.

【図3】同実施例無線ICカードの動作を説明するため
のスミス図表である。
FIG. 3 is a Smith chart for explaining the operation of the wireless IC card according to the embodiment.

【図4】無線ICカードシステムの概要を示す斜視図で
ある。
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an outline of a wireless IC card system.

【図5】従来の無線ICカードの構成を示すブロック図
である。
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional wireless IC card.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

7 アンテナ 9 伝送線路 10 開放スタブ 11 ダイオード 7 Antenna 9 Transmission line 10 Open stub 11 Diode

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】変復調に共用するダイオードを備えるとと
もに、受信時及び待機時に前記ダイオードに流れるバイ
アス電流を零あるいはほぼ零に設定するとともに、前記
ダイオードとアンテナ間に、受信時及び待機時に整合が
取れ、変調時にデータの論理状態の一方で大きく非整合
となる整合回路を設けたことを特徴とする無線ICカー
ド。
1. A diode shared for modulation and demodulation is provided, and a bias current flowing through the diode at the time of reception and standby is set to zero or almost zero, and matching is achieved between the diode and the antenna at reception and standby. The wireless IC card is characterized in that a matching circuit is provided which makes a large mismatch in one of the logical states of data during modulation.
JP05921593A 1993-03-19 1993-03-19 Wireless IC card Expired - Fee Related JP3362188B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP05921593A JP3362188B2 (en) 1993-03-19 1993-03-19 Wireless IC card

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP05921593A JP3362188B2 (en) 1993-03-19 1993-03-19 Wireless IC card

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH06274706A true JPH06274706A (en) 1994-09-30
JP3362188B2 JP3362188B2 (en) 2003-01-07

Family

ID=13106947

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP05921593A Expired - Fee Related JP3362188B2 (en) 1993-03-19 1993-03-19 Wireless IC card

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3362188B2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005304008A (en) * 2004-03-17 2005-10-27 Brother Ind Ltd Transponder, interrogator and wireless communication system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005304008A (en) * 2004-03-17 2005-10-27 Brother Ind Ltd Transponder, interrogator and wireless communication system
JP4609123B2 (en) * 2004-03-17 2011-01-12 ブラザー工業株式会社 Transponder, interrogator and wireless communication system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3362188B2 (en) 2003-01-07

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