JPH06272502A - Rotary type low differential pressure steam power plant and its heat cycle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a steam power plant of high conversion efficiency to work even in the case of a small differential pressure by synchronizing twin rotors of cycloidal gears by gears in the inside of a cocoon-shaped casing, rotating them on the surface of each other without any contact with each other, and converting a pressure difference into rotational motive power so as to enable high speed rotation. CONSTITUTION:Twin rotors 2 having equal shapes are formed into cycloidal gear shapes and are synchronized by the gear so as to rotate with rolling on the surface of each other at a gearing contact point without any collision. Torque 6 due to a pressure difference between inlet steam 4 and outlet steam is generated by rotation to drive the rotor 2. As there is a clearance between a casing 1 and the rotor 2 and a boundary layer between steam and water is formed there, leakage of steam pressure is prevented, so that the pressure is maintained. The rotor is non-contact, has high durability, and rotates at high speed, so that a high efficiency steam motor is obtained. A heat cycle using this can dispense with a liquid supplying pump if a head drop is utilized.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] When taking out energy using natural heat sources such as natural hot spring veins, a thermal cycle with the highest thermal efficiency and few moving parts, which is durable. In addition, it relates to the field of power generation energy that is excellent for both the environment and the human body. [Prior Art] In the industry, the steam turbine is the only method that effectively converts relatively low-pressure steam into work.
However, in the low-pressure stage, the temperature of the steam decreases and it becomes easier to condense, so the rate of vapor with a high velocity decreases, and a liquid drainage treatment method after condensation is required. Dan is not efficiently converted to work. Also, in the closed heat cycle, the water supply pump must be externally supplied with energy, which reduces the actual work. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In order to efficiently convert into work even in the state of saturated steam having a low temperature, a positive displacement heat engine must move at an extremely high speed. This is achieved in positive displacement engines with intermeshing twin rotors. Also, if the working fluid is heated with hot water using a heat exchanger, the heat cycle will be closed, and a pump for pumping the supply liquid is required for this. If it is sent under pressure, it becomes unnecessary and the thermal efficiency will improve accordingly. Moreover, the smaller this head, the more advantageous in construction. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a steam engine and a heat cycle thereof that can efficiently convert work even with a small differential pressure. [Means for Solving the Problem] The twin rotors (2) having exactly the same shape are provided as a locus of cycloidal tooth shapes drawn by rolling small circles having a predetermined radius placed inside and outside the basic circle. When the two rotors (2) are synchronized with each other by gears in the overlapping part of the basic circles, at the contact points where they mesh, they will rotate while rolling on the surface without hitting each other around them. A rotational moment (6) is generated due to the difference and drives the rotor (2). Here, the casing (1) and the rotor (2), the rotor (2)
There is a gap (3) between them, and as shown in FIG. 1 (c), a boundary layer (15) of water vapor and water is formed, which prevents leakage of the vapor pressure and thus maintains the pressure. . Further, since the rotor (2) is not in contact with any part, it is durable and can rotate at an extremely high speed to be efficient. Even if water droplets, which are the properties of saturated steam, are mixed, unlike a turbine, since it is a volumetric type in principle, its effect is small,
If two or three stages are used, it will become an efficient steam engine. The heat cycle using this is normally closed and requires a liquid feed pump, which can be saved if the head (10) is used. As shown in Fig. 2 (a), the condenser (8)
If the self-weight of the working fluid is more than 6 m between the evaporator and the evaporator (13) and there is a drop (10) more than the saturation pressure in the evaporator, the condenser is kept in a vacuum to pump itself. Become. As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 4 (a), an evaporator (7)
Is an adiabatic container (9) and a natural circulation evaporator (13), a gas-liquid separator (25), a pipe strainer (26), and a liquid supply heater (1).
6), a superheater (17), etc., and the incoming hot water heats each from the high temperature side to the low temperature side by the shield plate (11). The adjustment of the liquid supply amount only needs to operate the valve (12). FIG. 2 (b) shows a low-pressure water turbine (14) used as a heat engine. In the heat cycle, the head (10) in this case is an effective head of the water turbine, and the condenser (8) and the evaporator are shown. Since the saturation pressures of (13) are equal, the working fluid is simultaneously pumped to the evaporator (13). The actual example is shown in FIG. 3 (b) and FIG. 4 (b). It differs from the above-described steam engine cycle only in the position of the water turbine on the cycle, and is installed on the liquid supply pipe side. If the head (10) is small and cavitation does not occur in the rotor blades and pipes of the water turbine, the water turbine may be installed at the position of the condenser (8). Compared to turbines and steam engines, the efficiency of conversion to actual work is good, and the moving parts are simple and durable. A reaction turbine such as a propeller type is effective even with a small head (10) and is suitable as a low-pressure turbine (14). [Operation] By the two rotors (2) biting,
The pressure difference between the slightly pressurized inlet steam (4) and the extremely low pressure outlet steam (5) is maintained, and at the contact point, one rotor breaks the balance of the force due to the pressure difference and the rotor rotates. A moment (6) is created, which causes them to rotate outward. The steam is trapped in the space between the rotor (2) and the casing (1) and is carried to the outlet side. In the heat cycle using this, when the pump for supplying the liquid to the evaporator is discharged and a head (10) is provided between the pump and the condenser, when the dead weight of the working fluid of the supplying liquid exceeds the saturation pressure in the evaporator. It is pumped at the pressure of. In the thermal cycle using the low-pressure water turbine (14), the saturation pressure in the evaporator (13) is equal to the extremely low pressure in the condenser (8), and a large amount of evaporation is performed. Therefore, if the head (10) is provided on the liquid supply pipe side, a large amount of working fluid is pumped to rotate the water turbine, and liquid is simultaneously supplied from its outlet. [Embodiment] FIGS. 3 and 4 show an example of a hot water heating plant in which this heat cycle was actually carried out, in which a heat insulating container (9) was completely inserted in a cylindrical underground and a head (10) ) Is provided. FIG. 3 shows that when the temperature of the hot water for heating is low, that is, the container is filled with a large amount of hot water and the heat retaining effect is enhanced. FIG. 4 shows that when the temperature is high, the container stays underground and has a large head (10). The insulated container (9) has a hook (18) so that it can be easily pulled up.
And a guide rail (19). A steam engine and a low-pressure turbine, respectively, work in place to extract the generated energy. An actual steam engine is a two-stage type having a low-pressure stage and a high-pressure stage as shown in FIG. 1 (b) to completely expand the steam. [Advantages of the Invention] A small gap is formed between the rotor (2) and the rotor (2), and between the rotor (2) and the casing, where a boundary layer (15) of water and water vapor is formed. ) Occurs,
Since it holds the pressure, it has an effect similar to the cylinder piston type. Condensed water drops are carried along with the rotor, so they are not affected as much as the speed type and do not contact each other, so they can rotate at high speed and have durability, and when the differential pressure between the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure is small. Also, the efficiency of conversion to work is improved. This mold therefore allows a small drop (10) for pumping the feed on the thermal cycle. The smallest possible drop (10) on this heat cycle is structurally advantageous and convenient for replacement. The advantages of draining the pump for liquid supply are endless, but improved thermal efficiency and durability.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 (a) is a sectional view of a rotary low differential pressure steam engine, FIG.
FIG. 1B is an overall view of the two-stage type, and FIG. 1C is an explanatory view of the boundary layer. FIG. 2 (a) is a heat cycle principle diagram of this steam engine, and FIG. 2 (b) is a heat cycle principle diagram of the low-pressure turbine. Third
Figures and 4 are diagrams showing examples of practical practical plants. 1. Casing, 2. Rotor, 3. Clearance 4. Inlet steam, 5. Outlet steam, 6. Rotational moment 7. Evaporator, 8. Condenser, 9. Heat-insulating container, 10. Head, 11.
Shield plate, 12. Liquid supply adjusting valve 13. Evaporator, 14. Low-pressure water turbine, 15. Boundary layer 16. Liquid feed heater, 17. Superheater, 18. Lifting hook, 19. Guide rails, 2
0. Generator, 21. High pressure stage, 22 low pressure stage, 23. Steam inlet tube, 24. Steam outlet pipe, 25. Gas-liquid separator 2
6. Tube stop, 27. Rotating shaft, 28. Gear synchronizer, 2
9. High heat source, 30. Low heat source, 31. Steam engine, 32.
Low-pressure water turbine, 33. Hot water inlet tube, 34. Hot water outlet pipe, 3
5. cooling tower

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The cycloid tooth-shaped twin rotor (2) is placed in the meshing axial position in the eyebrows casing (1), leaving a slight gap (3), so that it does not collide with each other's contact points or contact with each other on the surface. A steam engine that rotates like a roll and changes the pressure difference into a rotary motion. 2. The twin rotors (2) synchronized by gears rotate slightly apart on their respective surfaces, so that the gap (3) forms a boundary layer between water and water vapor, which serves as a pressure leakage prevention and lubrication function. Therefore, a pressure difference between the inlet steam (4) and the outlet steam (5) is maintained, a rotational force is generated by a rotational moment (6), and the motor is operated at high speed. 3. The evaporator (7) consists of a natural circulation evaporator (13) placed at the bottom of a large diameter insulated container (9) installed underground or at a lower place than the condenser (8), which is The working fluid is boiled with hot water of 40 ° C or more, which is placed at a position having a head (6) of 6 m or more from the water vessel (8) and whose flow is changed by the shield plate (11), and at this time, the head is dropped. (1
0), the evaporator (13) is supplied with its own weight against the saturated pressure of the working fluid, and the condenser (8) is kept in vacuum, and only the valve (12) is operated. Closed heat cycle with adjustable liquid supply. 4. The low-pressure water turbine (1
4) is installed, the steam generator such as a turbine is discharged to the outlet steam pipe, and it is allowed to flow into the condenser (8) as it is, and the low pressure turbine (14) is caused by the gravity difference of the working fluid using this head (10). A closed thermal cycle in which the liquid is supplied to the natural circulation type evaporator (13) from the outlet pipe at the same time to change to the work, the whole system is kept in vacuum, and the liquid supply amount can be adjusted only by operating the valve (12).