JPH06269496A - Ultrafilter device for blood dialysis - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To stably assure high accuracy with simple constitution by disposing a pulsation absorbing means and a three-way valve respectively in a dialyzate circuit between a blood dialyzer body and a cylinder pump and intermittently controlling this three-way valve in synchronization with the strokes of this cylinder pump. CONSTITUTION:The dialyzate is forcibly fed by the cylinder pump 2 to the blood dialyzer body 1 and the dialyzate obtd. after dialysis of blood is sucked, by which the dialyzate is returned through the dialyzate circuit 3. The dialyzate circuit 3 is disposed with the pulsation absorbing means 4 and the three-way valve 5 respectively between the blood dialyzer body 1 and the cylinder pump 2 at this time. The three-way valve 5 is intermittently controlled by a timing control means 6 in synchronization with the strokes of the cylinder pump 2. As a result, the need for an ultrafilter pump for a very small amount of high accuracy, sterilizing chamber and pressurizing pump is eliminated and the system is simplified; in addition, the high accuracy is stably assured.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to medicine, and more particularly to hemodialysis. Above all,
The present invention relates to an ultrafiltration device that controls the removal of water in blood during hemodialysis.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an ultrafiltration device of a dialysis machine is one which creates a pressure difference between blood and dialysate through a hemodialysis membrane and removes water from the blood to the dialysate side. To control the amount of ultrafiltration, a method of measuring and controlling the inflow and outflow of dialysate into the hemodialyzer body with a flow meter,
And control the inflow and outflow of dialysate into the main body of the hemodialyzer to be the same amount, and a portion of the dialysate is aspirated by another ultrafiltration pump to the same amount as the ultrafiltration amount. A method of controlling the quantity is used.

[0003]

As a result of the recent improvement in the filtration performance of the dialyzer, the desired ultrafiltration can be performed with a much smaller differential pressure than in the past. For this reason, the method using the ultrafiltration pump is widely used because it is relatively accurate. As shown in FIG. 1, the method is to use a dialysate pump to provide a closed circuit so that the inflow amount and the outflow amount to the hemodialyzer main body are equal, and use an ultrafiltration pump from one end of the closed circuit. To remove the liquid corresponding to the desired filtration amount. However, the ultrafiltration pump, which must suck a relatively small amount of liquid,
In order to maintain accuracy, a defoaming chamber for removing bubbles in the liquid and a pressure pump that keeps the liquid pressure constant are required, and the device becomes complicated. Further, there is still a problem in maintaining the accuracy of the dialysate waste liquid due to stains caused by various substances such as proteins and calcium carbonate.

On the other hand, due to the improvement of the water removal performance of the hemodialyzer body, a phenomenon in which the dialysate during dialysis flows into the blood side generally begins to occur, and the need for sterilization of the dialysate has become stronger. Therefore, it is necessary to supply the dialysate to the main body of the hemodialyzer through the hollow fiber type sterilization filter, but the sterilization filter is contaminated over time, and the capacity of the sterilization filter decreases in a short period of time, resulting in cost reduction. The actual situation is that it is expensive and its use is not widespread from an economical point of view.

[0005]

In view of the above problems, the ultrafiltration apparatus for hemodialysis according to the present invention enables an ultrafiltration system which does not require an ultrafiltration pump which has many problems in maintaining accuracy. It is the one. That is, a system is provided in which the dialysate is delivered to the hemodialyzer main body and drained from the hemodialyzer main body by using a single cylinder pump having the same amount of the liquid supply and the liquid absorption. A part of the solution is drained using a timing control means and a three-way valve, and is not sent to the hemodialyzer main body. The invention of claim 2 supplies the solution to the hemodialyzer main body through the sterilization filter, and uses part of the solution to clean the sterilization filter by using the timing control means and the two-way valve. I decided to drain it.

The specific construction of the ultrafiltration device for hemodialysis according to the present invention will be described in detail below. First, the configuration of the invention described in claim 1 of the present invention will be described. First, there is a hemodialyzer main body. Next is the cylinder pump. The cylinder pump sends a dialysate to the main body of the hemodialyzer, and sucks the dialysate obtained by dialyzing blood in the main body of the hemodialyzer to perfuse the dialysate through the dialysate circuit. And there is a pulsation absorbing means. The pulsation absorbing means is composed of a pulsation absorber provided in the dialysate circuit between the cylinder pump and the hemodialyzer body. In addition, there is a three-way valve. The three-way valve is provided in the liquid delivery side dialysate circuit between the cylinder pump and the hemodialyzer body. Finally, there is a timing control means. The timing control means intermittently controls the three-way valve according to the stroke of the cylinder pump.

Next, the structure of the invention according to claim 2 of the ultrafiltration apparatus for hemodialysis according to the present invention will be described. First, there is a hemodialyzer main body. Next is the cylinder pump. The cylinder pump sends a dialysate to the hemodialyzer body, and sucks the dialysate dialyzed with the hemodialyzer body to perfuse the dialysate through the dialysate circuit. And there is a pulsation absorbing means. The pulsation absorbing means is composed of a pulsation absorber provided in the dialysate circuit between the cylinder pump and the hemodialyzer body. In addition, there is a sterilization filter. This sterilization filter is provided in the dialysate circuit on the liquid delivery side between the cylinder pump and the hemodialyzer body. And there is a two-way valve. This two-way valve is provided at the liquid supply port and the liquid discharge port of the above sterilization filter. Finally, there is a timing control means. The timing control means intermittently controls the two-way valve in accordance with the stroke of the cylinder pump.

The above sterilization filter includes a dialysate inlet, a drainage port, a dialysate passage directly communicating with the dialysate inlet and the drainage port, a filter body provided in the dialysate passage, and It is composed of a liquid sending circuit for sending the dialysate that has passed through the filter body from the dialysate passage side to the hemodialyzer body.

[0009]

The ultrafiltration apparatus for hemodialysis according to the present invention has the following effects because it is constructed as described above. First, the operation of the invention described in claim 1 of the present invention will be described. First, the cylinder pump sends the dialysate to the hemodialyzer main body, and the dialysate is dialyzed by the hemodialyzer main body, and the dialysate is perfused through the dialysate circuit. A pulsation absorbing means is provided in the dialysate circuit between the cylinder pump and the hemodialyzer body to absorb the pulsation of the dialysate from the cylinder pump. Further, a three-way valve is provided in the dialysate circuit on the liquid feeding side between the cylinder pump and the hemodialyzer body, and the timing control means intermittently adjusts the three-way valve according to the stroke of the cylinder pump. To control.

Next, the operation of the invention according to claim 2 of the ultrafiltration device in hemodialysis according to the present invention will be described. First, the cylinder pump sends the dialysate to the hemodialyzer main body, and sucks the dialysate dialyzed by the hemodialyzer main body to perfuse the dialysate through the dialysate circuit. A pulsation absorbing means is provided in the dialysate circuit between the cylinder pump and the hemodialyzer body, and absorbs the pulsation of the dialysate from the cylinder pump. Further, a sterilization filter and a two-way valve are provided in the liquid-delivery side dialysate circuit between the cylinder pump and the hemodialyzer main body, and the timing control means connects the two-way valve to the stroke of the cylinder pump. In accordance with the above, intermittent control is performed, and drainage is intermittently performed while cleaning the above sterilization filter.

In the above sterilization filter, the dialysate passing through the dialysate passage directly communicating with the dialysate inlet and the drainage outlet and the filter main body provided in the dialysate passage is treated with the above-mentioned blood. While being sent to the dialyzer main body, the drainage is intermittently drained through the two-way valve while washing the sanitizing filter from the drainage port.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An ultrafiltration device for hemodialysis according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings using an embodiment thereof. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the ultrafiltration device for hemodialysis according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the filter shown in FIG. 1 provided with a sterilizing filter.

First, an embodiment of the invention according to claim 1 of the ultrafiltration device for hemodialysis according to the present invention will be described. First, there is a conventional hemodialyzer main body 1. Next,
There is a cylinder pump 2 that makes a piston movement. The cylinder pump 2 sends a dialysate to the hemodialyzer body 1 and sucks the dialysate dialyzed by the hemodialyzer body 1 to perfuse the dialysate through the dialysate circuit 3. . Then, there is the pulsation absorbing means 4. The pulsation absorbing means 4 is provided in the dialysate circuit 3 (in the present embodiment, the dialysate circuit 3a on the delivery side) between the cylinder pump 2 and the hemodialyzer body 1 described above. Pulsation absorption provided in the dynamic absorber 4a and the other dialysate circuit 3 (in this embodiment, the dialysate circuit 3b on the fluid absorption side) between the cylinder pump 2 and the hemodialyzer body 1 described above. And a container 4b. Of course, this pulsation absorber may be one. Then, the cylinder pump 2 and the pulsation absorber 4a
There is a three-way valve 5 provided in the dialysate circuit 3a on the liquid sending side between and. Finally, there is the timing control means 6. The timing control means 6 controls the three-way valve 5 according to the stroke of the cylinder pump.

Next, as an embodiment of the invention of the second aspect of the ultrafiltration apparatus for hemodialysis according to the present invention, two-way valves 5a and 5b are used instead of the above three-way valve 5. Then, the hollow fiber type sterilization filter 7 is used. The sterilization filter 7 has a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, and a liquid outlet, and the liquid inlet of the sterilization filter 7 is connected to the liquid outlet side of the cylinder pump 2 to form the two-way valve. The liquid discharge port of the sterilization filter 7 is connected to the liquid input side of 5a.
Further, there is a dialysate passage directly communicating with the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the sterilization filter 7. Then, there is a hollow fiber type filter body provided in the dialysate passage. Further, the dialysate permeating the filter body from the dialysate passage side is sent to the hemodialyzer body 1 from the outlet of the sterilization filter 7 through the two-way valve 5b. There is a liquid circuit. Others are the same as the configuration of the embodiment of claim 1 described above.

The operation of the embodiment of the ultrafiltration device in hemodialysis according to the present invention will be described below. First, the above-described embodiment of the invention described in claim 1 will be described. First, in the hemodialyzer main body 1, blood and dialysate come into contact with each other through the dialysis membrane. The dialysate is sent to the hemodialyzer main body 1 by the cylinder pump 2, and at the same time, the same amount is sucked and drained from the hemodialyzer main body 1. On the other hand, when the three-way valve 3 is intermittently opened in the drainage direction, the dialysate is drained without flowing into the hemodialyzer main body 1 during that period. This drainage amount becomes the ultrafiltration amount. Three-way valve 3
The timing sensor 6 interlocks with the stroke movement of the cylinder pump 2. Between the cylinder pump 2 and the hemodialyzer main body 1, there are pulsatile suction devices 4a and 4a.
b is provided to suppress excessive fluctuations in dialysate pressure. That is, excessive pulsatile flow occurs because the dialysate is drained intermittently.
The cylinder pump 2 is designed to absorb this excessive pulsatile flow.
A pulsation absorber 4b whose volume changes by hydraulic pressure is provided on either the liquid-sending or liquid-sucking side between the hemodialyzer main body 1 and the constant pressure valve 4a on the other side.

Next, the operation of the embodiment in which the sterilizing filter 7 is incorporated in the ultrafiltration device of the first aspect of the invention will be described. Normally, the dialysate is filtered by the sterilization filter 7 and flows into the hemodialyzer main body 1. However, when the three-way valve 5a is opened, the dialyzer 5b is closed. The liquid is drained without being filtered by the sterilization filter 7. This drainage amount becomes the ultrafiltration amount. At this time, the sterilization filter 7 is washed.

[0017]

As described above, the ultrafiltration device for hemodialysis according to the present invention has the following great effects. First of all, the system becomes simple and stable and high accuracy can be obtained because it is not necessary to use the ultrafiltration pump, the sterilization chamber and the pressure pump, which used to require a small amount and high accuracy. It became so.

Since it is a closed circuit, the drainage amount becomes equal to the ultrafiltration amount. Since the amount of liquid delivered by one stroke of the cylinder pump is the same every time, the movement of the cylinder pump and the three-way valve is controlled by the timing sensor to completely drain the liquid delivered once for each cylinder pump. The filtration amount is determined by the number of drainages within a predetermined time, and more accurate ultrafiltration can be performed without using the ultrafiltration pump, which had many problems.

Next, the effect brought about by the invention of claim 2 will be described. This is because the use of the disinfection filter for the dialysate, which has been a concern, has become easy, and the sterilization of the dialysate has been realized. That is, as described above, the phenomenon in which the dialysate during dialysis flows into the blood side generally starts due to the improvement of the water removal performance of the hemodialyzer body, and the need to sterilize the dialysate has become stronger. Although it was necessary to supply the hemodialyzer main body through the hollow fiber type sterilization filter, the fact is that the sterilization filter has not been used because of the problem that the sterilization filter is contaminated over time. Therefore, by intermittently draining the dialysate of the present invention to the sterilization filter, by intermittently draining from the drainage side of the sterilization filter, the contamination side of the sterilization filter is easy each time. To be washed. As a result, the problem of performance deterioration due to contamination of the sterilization filter was greatly improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an ultrafiltration device in conventional hemodialysis.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an ultrafiltration device for hemodialysis according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a filter provided with a sterilization filter based on the filter shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 hemodialyzer main body 2 cylinder pump 3 dialysate circuit for dialysate 4 pulsation absorber 4a pulsation absorber 4b pulsation absorber 5 three-way valve 5a two-way valve 5b two-way valve 6 timing control means 7 sterilization filter V Constant pressure valve P1 dialysate pump P2 dialysate pump P3 ultrafiltration pump C defoaming chamber

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A hemodialyzer body, a cylinder pump for perfusing the dialysate through a dialysate circuit by sending dialysate to the hemodialyzer body and sucking dialysate dialyzed with blood in the hemodialyzer body, Pulsation absorbing means provided in the dialysate circuit between the cylinder pump and the hemodialyzer body, provided in the dialysate circuit on the liquid delivery side between the cylinder pump and the hemodialyzer body An ultrafiltration device in hemodialysis, comprising a three-way valve and timing control means for intermittently controlling the three-way valve in accordance with the stroke of the cylinder pump. 2. A hemodialyzer body, a cylinder pump for perfusing the dialysate through a dialysate circuit by sending dialysate to the hemodialyzer body and sucking dialysate dialyzed with blood in the hemodialyzer body, Pulsation absorbing means provided in the dialysate circuit between the cylinder pump and the hemodialyzer body, provided in the dialysate circuit on the liquid delivery side between the cylinder pump and the hemodialyzer body The following sterilization filter, two-way valves respectively provided at the liquid supply port and the drainage port of the sterilization filter, and timing control for intermittently controlling the two-way valve according to the stroke of the cylinder pump. An ultrafiltration device in hemodialysis characterized by comprising: The above sterilization filter is a dialysate inlet,
A drainage port, a dialysate passage directly communicating with the dialysate inlet and the drainage port, a filter body provided in the dialysate passage, and a dialysate passing through the filter body from the dialysate passage side. It consists of a liquid sending circuit for sending a liquid to the above-mentioned hemodialyzer main body.