JPH062653A - Variable displacement type swash plate compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the extent of controllability in a swash plate in time of high speed driving as responding to the request of a sliding characteristic and lightweightiness, in a single head piston type variable displacement swash plate compressor. CONSTITUTION:A ring core body 14 consisting of ferrous material is ironed on a swash plate 6 consisting of an aluminum alloy. Since this swash plate 6 is increased of its inertia mass as far as a portion for the core body 14, its force against piston inertia force is also increased, thus it controls a swash plate tilt angle so stably even in time of high speed driving.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a variable capacity swash plate compressor used in a vehicle air conditioner or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional variable capacity swash plate compressor (hereinafter referred to as
(Hereinafter simply referred to as a compressor), JP-A-60-175783
The one disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication is known. In this compressor, a cylinder block having a plurality of cylinder bores is arranged in the center of a center housing, the front end of which forms a closed crank chamber and is closed by a front housing, and the rear end of which is a valve plate. It is closed by the rear housing via. The rear housing is provided with an intake chamber and a discharge chamber that communicate with the cylinder bore. A drive shaft is inserted into and supported by a center shaft hole of the cylinder block. The drive shaft supports a rotary support member in the crank chamber so that the rotary support member can rotate synchronously and a slider can slide in the axial direction. It has been inserted. A swash plate is connected to the rotary support through a hinge mechanism, and the swash plate is supported by the drive shaft by sliding contact with the slider by the inner surface of the spherical zone. In this way, the swash plate can be rotated synchronously with the drive shaft and can be displaced by an inclination angle via the hinge mechanism and the slider. A single-headed piston fitted in each cylinder bore is moored to the swash plate via a pair of shoes as a connecting mechanism. The cylinder block is provided with a communication hole that connects the crank chamber and the suction chamber and is opened and closed by a control valve that controls the pressure in the crank chamber.

In this compressor, when the swash plate rotates in accordance with the drive of the drive shaft, the oscillating motion corresponding to the tilt angle of the swash plate is converted into the reciprocating motion of the piston through the shoe, so that the piston moves in the cylinder bore. Reciprocates inside. As a result, the refrigerant gas is sucked from the suction chamber into the cylinder bore, and the refrigerant gas is compressed and then discharged to the discharge chamber. The compression capacity of the refrigerant gas discharged into the discharge chamber is controlled by adjusting the pressure in the crank chamber by the control valve. That is, if the control valve opens the communication hole to communicate the crank chamber with the suction chamber, the back pressure acting on the piston is reduced, and the hinge mechanism and the slider operate to increase the inclination angle of the swash plate. This extends the stroke of the piston and increases the compression capacity.

On the contrary, when the pressure in the crank chamber is increased by blow-by gas due to the control valve closing the communication hole, the back pressure acting on the piston is increased and the inclination angle of the swash plate is decreased. This shortens the stroke of the piston and reduces the compression capacity.

[0005]

By the way, in recent compressors, in order to improve sliding characteristics by avoiding sliding between the same materials, the swash plate and the piston are made of aluminum alloy, for example, wear resistance. The shoe is made of an iron-based material while being formed of an excellent Aldil alloy (Al-Si system). Further, in order to meet the demand for reducing the weight of the compressor, it is preferable that the swash plate and the piston, which are larger members than the shoe, be made of an aluminum alloy and the shoe be made of an iron-based material.

However, the compressor using the aluminum swash plate has the following drawbacks. That is, when the compressor rotates at high speed, the compressive load acting on the swash plate from the piston via the shoe, that is, the piston inertial force increases, and with the swash plate made of aluminum alloy with a small inertial mass,
There is a drawback in that it is not possible to withstand this piston inertial force, and the swash plate tilt angle becomes uncontrollable.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to improve the controllability of the swash plate during high-speed operation while meeting the demand for weight reduction.

[0008]

In the compressor of the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the swash plate is made of an aluminum material, and the swash plate is provided with an annular core body made of an iron material. It uses a new method of casting.

[0009]

In the compressor, when the swash plate rotates in accordance with the drive of the drive shaft, the swinging motion corresponding to the tilt angle of the swash plate is converted into the reciprocating motion of the piston through the connecting mechanism. At this time, piston inertial force acts on the swash plate via the connecting mechanism. The piston inertial force increases as the compressor operates at higher speed.

In the compressor of the present invention, a swash plate made of an aluminum-based material is cast and wrapped with an annular core made of an iron-based material, and the inertial mass of the swash plate is increased by the amount of the core. Therefore, the force that opposes the inertial force of the piston also increases, and stable control of the swash plate tilt angle becomes possible.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a variable displacement type swash plate compressor having a single head piston will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this compressor, as shown in FIG. 1, a cylinder block 1 having a plurality of cylinder bores 1a is arranged in a central portion, and a front end of the cylinder block 1 forms a closed crank chamber (swash plate chamber) 2a to form a front housing. 2, the rear end of which is closed by the rear housing 3 via the valve plate 13. The rear housing 3 is provided with a suction chamber 3a and a discharge chamber 3b which communicate with the cylinder bore 1a. A drive shaft 4 is inserted into and supported by a central shaft hole of the cylinder block 1, and a rotary support 5 is rotatably supported in the crank chamber 2a by the drive shaft 4. The plurality of cylinder bores 1 a are arranged in parallel around the drive shaft 4. A swash plate 6 is connected to the rotary support 5 via a hinge mechanism M. The hinge mechanism M includes a long hole 5a penetrating the rotary support 5, and a hinge pin 7a fixed to the swing plate 7 fixed to the base 61 of the swash plate 6 engaged with the long hole 5a. Further, a hinge ball 10 as a slider is interposed between the swash plate 6 and the drive shaft 4. This hinge ball 1
Reference numeral 0 is slidably inserted in the axial direction of the drive shaft 4 via a spring 11, and the outer peripheral surface maintains spherical contact with the swash plate 6. In this way, the swash plate 6 can be rotated synchronously with the drive shaft 4 via the rotary support 5, and can be displaced by an inclination angle via the hinge mechanism M and the hinge ball 10.

The swash plate 6 is made of an Al--Si type aluminum alloy and has a central hole 61a in which a drive shaft 4 is inserted and a spherical zone inner surface 61b for receiving the hinge ball 10 is formed as shown in FIG. The base 61 which has, and this base 6
1 and an annular flat portion 62 integrally extending in the radial direction from the outer peripheral surface on the rear end side. Then, on the rear end side of the swash plate 6, an annular core body 14 made of an iron-based material is cast in, extending to the base portion 61 and the annular flat portion 62. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the core body 14 has a boss portion 141.
And a ring-shaped flange portion 142 that integrally extends in the radial direction from the outer peripheral surface of the boss portion 141.
Further, a plurality of (36 in this embodiment) small holes 14a arranged in the circumferential direction are formed through the outer edge of the core body 14, and a plurality of small holes (12 in this embodiment are also arranged in the circumferential direction at the inner edge of the core 14). Individual) large holes 14b are provided therethrough. The outer peripheral end surface of the core body 14 is flush with the outer peripheral end surface of the annular flat portion 62 of the swash plate 6,
The front and back surfaces and the inner peripheral end surface of the core body 14 are covered with an aluminum alloy, and the small holes 14a and the large holes 14b of the core body 14 are also filled with the aluminum alloy. The core body 1
A nickel plating film is formed on the entire surface of 4 by plating. As a result, the bondability between the aluminum alloy and the iron-based material, which are originally poor in bondability, is enhanced. The swash plate 6 was manufactured by manufacturing the core body having the above-mentioned predetermined shape, casting the core body in molten aluminum, and then press-molding the core body.

On the swash plate 6, a single-headed piston 8 which is reciprocally fitted in each cylinder bore 1a is moored via a pair of shoes 9, 9 as a connecting mechanism.
Each shoe 9 has a flat surface that comes into contact with each flat surface of the annular flat portion 62 of the swash plate 6, and a hemispherical portion bulges behind the flat surface.
The hemispherical portion of each shoe 9 is engaged with a hemispherical bearing surface that is recessed in the neck portion of the piston 8. The piston 8 is made of Al-Si type aluminum alloy, and the shoe 9 is made of iron type material.

Further, the cylinder block 1 is provided with a communication hole 1b which connects the crank chamber 2a and the suction chamber 3a, and the communication hole 1b is opened and closed by a control valve 12 which adjusts the pressure of the crank chamber 2a. . Also in this compressor, as in the conventional compressor, when the swash plate 6 is rotated by the drive of the drive shaft 4, each piston 8 moves into the cylinder bore 1.
By reciprocating in a, the refrigerant gas is sucked from the suction chamber 3a into the cylinder bore 1a, and the refrigerant gas is compressed and then discharged to the discharge chamber 3b.

As shown in FIG. 1, the compression capacity of the refrigerant gas discharged into the discharge chamber 3b is controlled by adjusting the pressure in the crank chamber 2a by the control valve 12. That is, for example, when the control valve 12 connects the crank chamber 2a and the suction chamber 3a, the back pressure acting on the piston 8 is lowered, and the tilt angle of the swash plate 6 is increased. That is, the hinge pin 7a of the hinge mechanism M moves to a position distant from the drive shaft 4 in the elongated hole 5a, and the hinge ball 10 advances,
The swash plate 6 rotates in the depression direction along the outer peripheral surface of the hinge ball 10. This extends the stroke of the piston 8 and increases the compression capacity.

On the contrary, if the pressure in the crank chamber 2a is increased by blow-by gas due to the control valve 12 closing the communication hole 1b, the back pressure acting on the piston 8 is increased and the inclination angle of the swash plate 6 is increased. Get smaller. That is, the hinge pin 7b of the hinge mechanism M moves to a position close to the drive shaft 4 in the elongated hole 5a, and the hinge ball 10 retracts, so that the swash plate 6
Rotates in the upright direction along the outer peripheral surface of the hinge ball 10. As a result, the stroke of the piston 8 is shortened and the compression capacity is reduced.

Here, when the swash plate 6 rotates with the drive of the drive shaft 4, the swinging motion corresponding to the inclination angle of the swash plate 6 is converted into the reciprocating motion of the piston 8 via the shoe 9. However, at this time, the piston inertial force acts on the swash plate 6 via the shoe 9. The piston inertial force increases as the compressor operates at higher speed. In the compressor of the present embodiment, the swash plate 6 made of an aluminum alloy has the core 14 made of an iron material cast therein, and the inertial mass of the swash plate is increased by the amount of the core 14. The force that opposes the piston inertial force also increases, and the controllability of the swash plate tilt angle improves. Therefore, the compressor of this embodiment is excellent in controllability of the swash plate inclination angle of the swash plate 6 during high-speed operation, so that stable variable capacity control is possible even during high-speed operation.

Moreover, since the swash plate 6 and the piston 8 are made of an aluminum alloy and the shoe 9 is made of an iron-based material, the sliding property between these members is excellent and the durability is improved. Further, since the swash plate 6 and the piston 8 are made of a lightweight aluminum alloy, the weight of the compressor can be reduced. Further, the swash plate 6 of the present embodiment is superior in strength as much as the iron core body 14 is cast in, and the durability is improved as compared with the swash plate made of only an aluminum-based material.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but may be applied to, for example, a variable capacity type swash plate compressor having a double-headed piston disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-4995. That is, it can be applied to a displacement type swash plate compressor that controls the inclination angle of the swash plate to change the compression capacity.

[0020]

As described in detail above, in the compressor of the present invention, the swash plate made of an aluminum material is cast into a core body made of an iron material to meet the demand for weight reduction.
It is possible to stably control the variable capacity by the swash plate during high-speed operation and improve the durability of the swash plate.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a compressor according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a swash plate according to the compressor of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a core body according to the compressor of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 shows a core body according to the compressor of the embodiment, and is A- in FIG.
It is an A line sectional view.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Cylinder block 2, 3 ... Housing
2a ... crank chamber 1a ... cylinder bore 4 ... drive shaft
5 ... Rotating support 6 ... Swash plate 8 ... Piston
9 ... Shoe 10 ... Hinge Ball 14 ... Core
M ... Hinge mechanism

Front Page Continuation (72) Inventor Shobe Sonpo 2-chome, Toyota-cho, Kariya city, Aichi Stock company Toyota Industries Corp.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A crank chamber, a suction chamber, a discharge chamber, and a plurality of cylinder bores connected to these are defined in a housing, and a piston is reciprocally housed in each cylinder bore and supported by the housing. A rotary support member located in the crank chamber is rotatably supported by the drive shaft so as to be synchronously rotatable, and a swash plate is interposed between the rotary support member and the rotary support member through a hinge mechanism and between the drive shaft and a slider. A swash plate is pivotally supported for synchronous rotation and tilt angle displacement, and a coupling mechanism is interposed between the swash plate and the piston for converting the swinging motion of the swash plate into reciprocating motion of each piston. In a variable capacity swash plate compressor configured to control the inclination angle of to change the compression capacity, the swash plate is formed of an aluminum-based material,
A variable capacity type swash plate compressor, wherein an annular core body made of an iron-based material is cast in the swash plate.