JPH0625905A - Silk cloth having excellent physiological function and its silk yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain silk cloth having excellent sanitary functions such as moisture absorption properties, moisture release properties, heat retaining properties, feel of skin temperature and yellowing resistance and its silk yarn. CONSTITUTION:Incompletely scoured silk yarn has 0.3-6.5% sericin remaining ratio and silk cloth is made of the silk yarn. The silk yarn having a small content of remaining sericin limited to a specific range has excellent physiological function based on the above-mentioned items.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a silk fabric excellent in physiological function and a silk thread thereof, and in particular, for example, in the field of health and medical care, it is suitable for underwear or sleepwear for directly encapsulating the skin. The present invention relates to a highly functional silk fabric and its silk thread. In addition, generally, a flat fiber product is called a cloth, but in Japan, the cloth is systematically roughly classified into a woven fabric and a knitted fabric. Therefore, a woven fabric is defined as a fabric woven using warp and weft yarns.According to this transmission, a knitted fabric uses a series of yarns and is formed into a flat fabric by looping in loops in the warp or weft direction. Is defined as Therefore, in the present specification, the term “cloth” refers to a woven fabric and / or a knitted fabric, and the fabric before dyeing is generally referred to as “fabric”. The silk fabric is a cloth made of 100% silk thread.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Since ancient times, silk (or silk) has not only been beautiful as clothes, but its functionality has been generally expressed by the word "comfortable". The favorable evaluation for this physiological sensory function is derived from excellent physiological function characteristics such as air content, heat retention, breathability, moisture absorption and moisture release as silk fibers, and this has been empirically evaluated. It shows that. There have been many experimental reports comparing this characteristic of silk with those of other fibers including recent chemical fibers, demonstrating the superiority of silk as a fiber for clothing. As is well known, cocoon yarn, which is an initial raw material of silk yarn, is made up of three layers of sericin which form the outer layer and fibroin which forms the center of the fiber. In this case, two fibroin fibers are glued with sericin to form one cocoon fiber.

Since silk cloth has been conventionally used as a cloth for clothes, it has been refined to remove sericin at the thread or cloth stage, thereby forming a silky and beautiful silk cloth.
This has been used as a raw material for silk clothes, that is, as a cloth. In this case, if one of the above-mentioned cocoon threads is treated with soap liquid or hot water, so-called scouring, to remove sericin, 1
The cocoon fiber of the book comes to separate into two fibroins. The kneaded silk obtained by such scouring is used as a woven thread of a silk fabric, for example. And fibroin
It consists of crystalline fibroin, which is involved in mechanical properties such as strength and elongation as silk, and amorphous blastin, which is greatly involved in sensitivities such as texture and dyeability.

Incidentally, sericin is present in about 20% by weight of raw silk, and as described above, it sticks around the fibroin as non-crystalline particles, so that it gives a coarser and harder feel than fibroin, but protects the fibers inside. And has the effect of giving strength. In addition, raw silk does not have a strong gloss because sericin is attached to the surface, but the silk silk from which sericin has been refined has an elegant luster. This luster is called silk luster,
It is one of the excellent aesthetic characteristics of silk thread. And the feel is soft and elastic. In addition, so-called silk noise, which is particularly remarkable in kneaded silk, is also one of the excellent characteristics as a cloth for clothes. It is also well known that various types of silk fabrics (for example, omeshi, Fuji silk / meisen, chirimen, etc.) are set depending on the degree of scouring of raw silk. However, the degree of scouring mentioned above is not necessarily established, and it depends on the sensory experience of the craftsman, and it is poorly scientific in the worst case. It can be said that the production of the product also appeals to the buyer the unique quality of each manufacturer, and represents an oriental technical means.

By the way, if a part or most of the body surface of a person who has been hospitalized for a long period of time is covered with, for example, a certain kind of silk cloth (usually not dyed), it is An empirical clinical phenomenon is known in which a skin disease (for example, bed sores) may progress toward recovery. However, this is at the stage where it is currently being discussed.

[0006]

Regarding the physiological and functional properties (including clinical properties against skin diseases) found in the conventional silk fabrics and silk products as described above, whether this is due to the general properties of silk, or There is no technical information that has been clarified so far as to whether or not there is a difference depending on the degree of scouring. That is, the relationship between the above-mentioned characteristics and, for example, the chemical / structural properties of the silk fabric or the silk fibers constituting the silk fabric has not been clarified. Therefore, for example, in the case of a medical product (material) such as the silk fabric used for alleviating the above-mentioned skin diseases, there is nothing about the quantitative causal relationship between the property / state of the material and its effect. The biggest problem is that they are not known.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the present inventors have continued their earnest confirmation experiments while paying attention to the above-mentioned physiological functional characteristics. Through this solution, we found the correlation between the chemical constituents or structure of silk fiber and the physiological functional properties, and clarified the quantitative effect as a product, and then, for example, the inhibitory effect on skin diseases. An object of the present invention is to provide a silk fabric excellent in physiological function and a silk thread used for the fabric making.

[0008]

The silk cloth excellent in physiological function according to the present invention has a sericin residual amount ratio of 0.3 to 6.
A silk fabric is formed by forming a cloth with 5% scouring silk thread. Further, it may be a processed product of a silk cloth formed of silk threads having the same residual amount ratio, for example, a silk product such as clothing. Furthermore, the silk thread excellent in physiological functionality according to the present invention has a sericin residual cloth content rate of 0.3 to 6 in the kneaded silk obtained by scouring raw silk.
It is 5%.

[0009]

In the present invention, since the silk product or the silk product of the processed molded product thereof is formed of the silk thread having the sericin residual amount of 0.3 to 6.5%, the sericin residual amount of this degree is It constitutes raw silk (silk thread) having a perfect scouring degree or a scouring degree close to that. In other words, this degree of scouring silk thread contains 9% of sericin that constitutes the outer membrane of the cocoon thread before scouring.
It is a refined yarn that has been removed from 0% to nearly 100%, and is in a state in which the surface of fibrous fibroin is covered with an extremely thin sericin layer. Originally, complete scouring (10
A silk fiber (fibroin molecule) obtained by 0% removal of sericin) has a triangular cross-sectional shape with a diameter of 10 to 30 μm, and this fibroin has a diameter of 0.1 to 30 μm.
About 1000 ~ 2 of 0.4μm fine fiber (fibril)
It is known as a recent research result that it is made up of 000 bundles. One fibril is said to be an aggregate of ultrafine fibers (microfibrils) having a diameter of about 100 A (angstrom).

As described above, since the structure is a twisted structure of ultrafine fibers, the surface area is enormous, and the large reaction area further increases the activity. As in the present invention, a scoured silk thread having a residual sericin content of 0.3 to 6.5% is a state in which the activity is slightly suppressed by coating a small amount of an appropriate amount of sericin film on the highly active fibroin. However, it is experimentally confirmed that this exhibits appropriate physiological functionality. Since micropores called microvoids are distributed and present in this sericin film, its effect on physiological functions such as water absorption and cold and temperature sensitivities and physical properties of general silk cannot be ignored. Thing Orimono: Vol. 36, No. 1,
Published on January 13, 1992, published by Nishijin Textile Research Society, written by Seiji Hatta, “Physical properties due to residual difference of sericin”, P
It is clear from a study by one of the inventors disclosed in 16-P22.

[0011]

EXAMPLES First, the test samples used in some of the examination experiments conducted to determine the quantitative basis of the present invention will be described. As a sample, a room where other factors such as a texture enter was excluded, and a plain weave having the same warp density and weft density was formed in order to make the same tissue condition, and this plain weave was used as a sample. Then, this sample is made into raw silk by a special spinning method that does not use substances other than water in order to remove impurities such as oil in the spinning process, and the raw silk is scoured and completely scoured (100% sericin removal). From comparison criteria (con
Sample silk yarns having different sericin residual amounts up to the unscoured yarn (100% sericin remaining) used as a troll) were prepared, and this silk yarn was woven into the above-mentioned plain woven fabric.

Except for unrefined yarn, five kinds of completely refined yarn and incompletely refined yarn having different residual amounts of sericin are obtained by an enzyme scouring method which can change only sericin extremely strictly and quantitatively without changing fibroin of cocoon yarn. It is formed by using. Table 1 shows the sample numbers and the corresponding residual amounts of sericin. Since this enzyme scouring method is a well-known technique,
The explanation is written by Hiroshi Kato, "Silk Fiber Processing Technology and Its Applications"
(Showa 62-10) Fiber Research Company P. 24-27.

[0013]

[Table 1]

Example 1 Experimental items for physiological function are hygroscopicity, heat release, heat retention, skin temperature sensation during clothing, and yellowing. Each item will be described below.

(1) Hygroscopicity: FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the results of measuring the hygroscopicity of each of the samples shown in Table 1 by the Larose method. The horizontal axis of the figure represents the water absorption time, and the vertical axis represents the water absorption rate (also referred to as moisture absorption rate). As is clear from the figure, Samples A and B are specifically superior in hygroscopicity to Samples C, D, E, and F. Its specificity is that of samples C to F
Shows that the hygroscopicity increases depending on the water absorption time, while the samples A and B set the water absorption rate to a constant value in a short time. And, more specifically, in the samples C to D, the water absorption rate is inversely related to the residual amount of sericin, whereas
Sample A (completely refined) had a slightly smaller water absorption rate than Sample B having a slightly larger sericin residual amount, and Sample B was more excellent in hygroscopicity than Sample A.

FIG. 2 is a diagram comparing the water absorption rate of each sample at the water absorption time of 60 seconds and the water absorption time of 10 seconds shown in FIG. 1 and plotting the water absorption rates for comparison. The horizontal axis of the figure is the residual amount of sericin, and the vertical axis is the water absorption rate. A ~
F is the sample name, but according to FIG. 2, the fluctuation of the water absorption rate is severe in a narrow range where the residual amount of sericin is 0 to several percent,
It has been shown that the specificity of hygroscopicity described above is significant.

(2) Moisture release property: Using a constant weight of the plain weave fabrics of Samples A to E similar to those used in the moisture absorption test of the preceding paragraph,
Each sample was allowed to absorb water under a constant humidity environment, and the weight loss of the absorbed water was measured to determine the moisture release property. As a result, although not shown in the figure, the weight reduction rate of water was similar to each sample, but was similar. It seems that hygroscopicity and hygroscopicity are related to each other, but surprisingly, the results of this experiment did not show any difference in hygroscopicity depending on the degree of refining, that is, the amount of sericin remaining.

(3) Heat retention: For each of the samples A to F,
The heat retention was examined using a "precision rapid physical property measuring device" (made by Kato Iron Works). The results are shown in Table 2.

[0019]

[Table 2]

As a measure of heat retention, the heat retention rate is used.
The heat retention rate α was calculated by the calculation formula shown in the inside. As is clear from Table 2, the unrefined one, that is, the sample F has α =
Although it shows a high value of 21.4%, it is common sense that unrefined silk cloth is not suitable as a silk cloth for clothing in this case, even though the heat retention rate is high. Higher rates do not mean better. Among the scoured products, sample B is the best, followed by complete scoring A. This point is in good agreement with the result of hygroscopicity described in item (1) in terms of physiological functionality.

(4) Sensation of skin temperature during clothing: Although it is difficult to quantify this feeling scientifically, it is possible to evaluate the feeling of coldness (q by using the above-mentioned “precision rapid physical property measuring device”).
If (max) is measured, it can be displayed as a cold sensation during clothing. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing raw data of q max measured for samples A to F as in the previous section, where the horizontal axis is the time axis of each sample and the vertical axis is q max (unit: W / c
m ² ) is shown. In the figure, the q max value of each sample is shown in the vicinity of each peak, which means that the larger q max is, the colder it is, and the smaller it is, the warmer it is. From the figure, the maximum sample of q max is F, that is, unscoured fabric, but it can be specified that the amount of sericin that controls the coldness and warmth during dressing is within the range of the amount of sericin remaining before and after Sample B. See. That is, it can be said that the residual amount of sericin of the sample B gives a warm feeling (comfort feeling) to the skin. At the same time, this result identifies silk conditions that are useful from the viewpoint of physiological functionality.

(5) Yellowing: The silk thread (including the silk material formed thereby) yellows when exposed to light including ultraviolet rays, that is, sunlight, etc. over time. This yellowing is not only an aesthetic sensation, but in the case of the present invention aiming to utilize silk cloth as having excellent physiological function, it is necessary to use the cloth as it is without dyeing.
It is a particularly important factor. Yellowing is believed to be caused by the polymerization or cross-linking reaction of silk thread proteins, namely amino acids in fibroin and sericin, especially sulfur-containing amino acids, which is initiated by ultraviolet light (UV) at the beginning of this reaction. It is said that the radical reaction is greatly involved. Therefore, the easiness of yellowing can be estimated by the easiness of radicals. Samples A to D and F (cont
The amount of radicals generated over time when irradiated with ultraviolet light was measured using an electron spin resonance device (FE1X manufactured by JEOL Ltd.). As a result, the sample A (A3, A4) containing only fibroin containing no sericin remained the most. Of the remaining sericin that is easily radicalized, sample B (B
It was found that 1, B2) belong to a class that is difficult to be radicalized. As described above, the sample A having a residual amount of sericin of 0% is more easily radicalized than the other samples, and the sample B having a very small residual amount of sericin is relatively hard to be radicalized and hardly yellowed. F is in the middle. The reason for this is thought to be due to factors that have not yet been elucidated, such as the three-dimensional structure of the protein, which cannot be explained. Anyway for this reason, the experimental facts indicate that Sample B is not easily yellowed by UV light.
The usefulness of the sample B is recognized not only from the viewpoint of the physiological function of the silk thread, but also from the aesthetic point of view such as deterioration and yellowing of the silk thread.

Based on the results of the examination and experiment shown in each of the items (1) to (5) above, the physiological functions (hygroscopicity, water-flowing property, heat retaining property, etc.) of silk cloth or silk thread as clothes or materials
From the viewpoint of pursuing skin temperature sensation and yellowing, it is possible to identify universally suitable conditions for raw silk by changing the amount of sericin wrapping fibroin by an enzyme scouring method without changing fibroin as the skeleton of the fiber. It was That is, the values are before and after the sample B, and the scouring silk thread in the extremely peculiar region where the residual amount of sericin is 0.3 to 6.5% and the silk cloth formed by the silk have excellent physiological functions. It is suitable as a cloth or silk thread.

Needless to say, a silk product obtained by processing such a silk cloth into clothing or the like has the same characteristics as the silk cloth of the present invention. Further, in the above examples, the case of the silk cloth was explained, but if you want to use the silk cloth dyed for some reason, coloring with a dye or a pigment that does not bind to the amino terminal group of fibroin has the above effect. It does not hinder the function that it exerts. As such a dye, there is a conventionally used dispersion type dye (or pigment) such as a chelate-based dye.

Example 2 In this example, the therapeutic effect of silk sheets on pimples will be described as a clinical example of the silk fabric of the present invention for skin diseases.

[0026] For long-term bedridden patients, especially the elderly, who have motor paralysis, the contact surface with the bedding of the body to which gravity is often applied,
In particular, pimples (bed sores) occur on the lower back and sacral region and are cheap. Also, once acne occurs, it is usually difficult to completely cure it even if various medical treatments are performed. For the purpose of treating acne of long-term decubitus who already has acne, silk fabric is used as sheets, wrapping cloth or waist roll,
It was used so that it touched the sores. In addition, the acne part means a part where the skin has fallen off and an ulcer has been formed, which is easily bleeding, and a part around which redness has occurred. An ointment containing an antibiotic was usually applied to the skin exfoliation part and the ulcer site, and the silk fabric was mainly brought into contact with the skin exfoliation part and the ulcer-prepared reddening part. The silk threads used for the treatment were samples 1 and 2 in Tables 1 and 2 of enzyme refining that are most suitable for the local climate of the skin such as water absorption and water release according to the basic test.

A case will be provided below to describe the therapeutic effect of silk fabric on acne. (A) Case-1: 58 years old, male. He was in a “vegetative state” due to subarachnoid hemorrhage and was in bed for 10 years, and had extensive acne accompanied by skin loss and ulcers mainly on the lower back and sacrum. This acne occurs within one month of bed rest, and although various medical treatments have been performed up to that point, it cannot be treated and it has become intractable. Furthermore, this patient had infection of Trichophyton on the skin of the whole body. The skin was easily detached by infection with Trichophyton, which modified the pathology of acne. Reference photograph (1) (May 12, 1988) shows the lumbar and sacral vertebrae before using silk sheets. The acne part has an ulcer, and the skin-exfoliated part and a reddish part around the ulcer, and exudate is seen in the ulcer part and the skin-exfoliated part. The dark-looking part of the skin is the part infected with Trichophyton. Reference photograph (2)
(August 23, 1988) is an acne part which has been covered with silk sheets, a waist is wrapped with a silk waist, and a front part of the body is covered with a silk garment for three months. Exudate is reduced, acne is dry, the area of redness is reduced, part of the skin's exfoliation is covered by new skin tissue, and the size and depth of the ulcer is improved. In addition, the ringworm infected area is dry, and in particular, the area of the skin that comes into contact with silk has an increase in the area where it has a healthy appearance. In addition, the peeling of the tinea infected area [looks white in the reference photo (1)] was significantly reduced, and the skin was rehydrated. In the reference photograph (3) (October 25, 1989), the ulcer site is completely healed, and a scar is seen at the ulcer site. In the reference photo (4) (April 26, 1990), the scar area shrinks,
No new acne can be seen. There is no exacerbation of Trichophyton infection.

(B) Case-2: 77 years old, female. About 7 years after head injury, the so-called "vegetative state" occurred, and the acne as seen in Reference Photo (5) (November 8, 1988) persisted in the coccyx despite various conventional treatments. Was. The sores consist of ulcers surrounded by reddish skin (before use). In this case as well, silk sheets were used as in case-1. Reference photograph (6) is the acne area after 3 months of use. Psoriasis is completely cured.

Of the above cases, case-1 is the most severe case in which silk fabric is used for the treatment of acne, and case-2 is a refractory case against the background of skin aging. Although not described here, it was extremely effective even when used in refractory cases (3 cases). In this case, although similar effects of silk fabrics under other refining conditions are not completely denied, it is possible to maintain good skin local climate in addition to the originally low friction coefficient of the refined silk yarn. It is considered to have been effective in healing acne. It can be expected that a similar function will work in preventing acne. Furthermore, although Trichophyton prefers a moist environment for its growth, it can be expected to inhibit the development of Trichophyton by preventing the infected skin from becoming excessively moist due to water absorption and water discharge. This possibility has been demonstrated in the cases presented.

[0030]

As described above, according to the present invention, an incompletely scoured silk yarn having a sericin residual amount ratio of 0.3 to 6.5%,
The silk product formed from the silk thread or the silk product of the processed product is in the range of a unique sericin residual amount ratio in a relatively narrow range, and although only the moisture releasing property is not particularly excellent, the hygroscopic property, It was found that it exhibits excellent heat retention, skin temperature feeling during clothing, and yellowing, and is generally recognized to have excellent physiological functionality. Furthermore, the silk fabric or silk yarn having a sericin residual amount ratio in this range was also found to be useful as a clinical result for skin diseases derived from Acne vulgaris and Trichophyton. From the standpoint described above, the present invention is effective in contributing to the development of future silk fiber processing technology and its application technology.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the hygroscopicity of each sample under test in Table 1 by the Larose method.

FIG. 2 is a comparison diagram in which the water absorption rates at the water absorption times of 60 seconds and 10 seconds in FIG. 1 are plotted against the residual amount of sericin.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing raw data of cold and warm feeling evaluation value of each test sample.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. The residual amount ratio of sericin is 0.3 to 6.5%.
A silk fabric excellent in physiological functionality, which is a silk fabric formed from the refined silk thread of. 2. A silk product having excellent physiological functionality, which is a processed silk fabric formed of scoured silk yarn having a sericin residual amount ratio of 0.3 to 6.5%. 3. A silk thread having excellent physiological functionality, characterized in that the residual amount of sericin in the silk silk obtained by scouring the raw silk is 0.3 to 6.5%.