JPH0624245A - Door structure for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To expand a degree of freedom in a door opening shape while decreasing space for opening a door in a direction of height. CONSTITUTION:A slide frame 8 is connected to a sliding hydraulic cylinder 9, and a door 3 is slid in the car body width direction by driving the hydraulic cylinder 9. A turn block 12 is turnably supported relating to a bearing 11 and turned by driving an up/down hydraulic cylinder, to turn the door 3 in a direction orthogonal relating to the direction of a car body width. The door 3 is turnably connected through a connecting plate 21 to a door tilting support shaft 17 mounted between the door and a supporting plate 16 of the turn block 12. The door 3 is turned in the direction of car body width by driving a tilting hydraulic cylinder 22.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automobile door structure, and more particularly to a door structure for opening and closing a door by raising and lowering the door in a vertical direction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, some automobile doors have a door structure in which the door is opened and closed by raising and lowering it. This type of door has a large door opening, so the vehicle is easy to get on and off. On the other hand, when the door opening becomes large, the door inevitably becomes large, and there is a problem that the opening space for opening the door becomes larger. In particular, in a multi-storey car park or the like, there is a limit in the height direction, so that the door hits the ceiling and cannot be sufficiently opened.

Therefore, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-57327, when the door is fully opened, the door is flipped upward in the vehicle body front direction and in the vehicle body width direction to open the upper and side portions. Even if the space is small, there is one that makes it possible to increase the boarding / alighting space.

[0004]

However, in the above door structure, the upper hinge is provided on the front side of the roof and the lower hinge is provided on the front pillar. And
The line connecting the two hinges (hinge center line) serves as the opening / closing center axis of the door. Therefore, although the door is flipped up in the front direction of the vehicle body and in the width direction of the vehicle body and fully opened in a small space, it is not sufficient in the height direction.

Further, in the case of an automobile having a large number of curved body shapes, it is necessary to design a door that is lifted up and down, especially a door that is supported by a single shaft so that it does not interfere with the roof when the door is opened. There is. As a result, there is a problem that the design is restricted and the degree of freedom of the opening shape is extremely low.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to make it possible to reduce the opening space for opening the door in the height direction and to expand the degree of freedom of the door opening shape. An object is to provide a door structure for an automobile that can.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention solves the above problems by providing a door opening formed laterally above the seat, a door for opening and closing the door opening, and sliding the door in the vehicle width direction. Sliding means and a support means provided on the sliding means for pivotally supporting the door in a direction orthogonal to the vehicle body width direction and for pivotally supporting the door in the vehicle body width direction. What is prepared is the gist.

[0008]

According to the present invention, the door is opened and closed in the vehicle width direction by the slide driving means with respect to the door opening through the slide means. Further, the door is opened and closed through the support means in the direction orthogonal to the vehicle body width direction about the support means as a rotation center. Further, the door is opened and closed through the support means in the vehicle width direction with the support means as the center of rotation.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment embodying the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS.
It will be described with reference to FIG. Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a car,
A door opening 2 is formed at a position on the side of the seat in the vehicle body 1. The door opening 2 has a door 3 as shown in FIG.
Are arranged. The door 3 is uniaxially supported at the front lower position A of the door opening 2, and the door opening 2
Open and close.

As shown in FIG. 2, a pair of front and rear slide rails 6 are fixedly installed in the vehicle body width direction on a vehicle body frame 4 extending parallel to the road surface corresponding to the front lower position A of the door opening 2. A pair of slide units 7 that slide along the rails 6 are mounted on the rails 6, and a slide frame 8 is provided between the upper surfaces of the pair of slide units 7.
Is fixed.

A sliding hydraulic cylinder 9 as a slide driving means is mounted between the body frame 4 and the slide frame 8, and the base end of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is connected to the body frame 4 via a ball bearing 10A. The tip of the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is connected to the inner end of the slide frame 8 via a ball bearing 10B.

Accordingly, when the rod 9A of the sliding hydraulic cylinder 9 extends, the slide frame 8 is moved along the slide rail 6 to the door opening 2 side (outside) as shown in FIG. On the contrary, when the rod 9A contracts,
As shown in FIG. 2, the slide frame 8 is moved inward (inward) of the vehicle body along the slide rail 6.

A bearing 11 extending in the width direction of the vehicle body is fixed to the outside of the upper surface of the slide frame 8. The rotating block 12 is arranged such that a pair of rotating arms 12A formed at both ends of the front side sandwich the bearing 11, and the pair of rotating arms 12A are rotatably supported by the bearing 11 in the vehicle body width direction. It is fixed to the extending rotary shaft 13. Therefore, the rotation block 12 can rotate about the rotation shaft 13.

Between the rotary block 12 and the slide frame 8, a vertical hydraulic cylinder 14 as vertical drive means.
Is attached, the base end portion of the hydraulic cylinder 14 is connected to the rear portion of the lower surface of the slide frame 8 via a ball bearing 15A, and the rod tip end portion of the hydraulic cylinder 14 is connected to the rotating block 1.
It is connected to the rear side surface of 2 through a ball bearing 15B. Therefore, when the rod 14A of the up / down hydraulic cylinder 14 extends, the rotation block 12 rotates upward with the rotation shaft 13 as the rotation center, as indicated by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. On the contrary, when the rod 14A contracts, the rotation block 12 is rotated to a horizontal position parallel to the slide frame 8.

The outer surface of the rotating block 12 (the door 3
A pair of front and rear support plates 16 are fixedly provided on a surface facing each other. The pair of front and rear support plates 16 are parallel to each other and extend in the up-and-down direction, and a door tilt support shaft 17 is attached between the support plates 16.

On the other hand, a base 20 is fixed to a front lower position A on the inner surface of the door 3 facing the outer surface of the rotating block 12. A pair of front and rear connecting plates 21 are fixedly mounted on the base 20. The pair of front and rear connecting plates 21 are parallel to each other and extend in the vertical direction, and are rotatably supported by the door tilt support shaft 17.

Therefore, the door 3 includes the base 20 and the connecting plate 2.
1, the door tilting support shaft 17 and the support plate 16 are connected to the rotation block 12. As a result, the rotating block 1
When 2 rotates around the rotation shaft 13, the door 3 also rotates around the axis of the rotation shaft 13. Further, since the door 3 is rotatably supported with respect to the support shaft 17 for tilting the door, the door 3 is rotatable about the support shaft 17 for tilting the door.

An inclining hydraulic cylinder 22 as an inclining drive means is mounted between the door 3 and the rotating block 12, and the base end of the cylinder 22 connects the outer upper surface of the rotating block 12 and the ball bearing 23A. And the rod tip of the hydraulic cylinder 22 is connected to the inner surface of the door 3 and the ball bearing 23B.
Are connected via.

Therefore, when the rod 22A of the hydraulic cylinder 22 for tilting contracts, the door 3 turns toward the center axis of the vehicle body with the support shaft 17 for tilting the door as the turning center. On the contrary, when the rod 22A is extended, the door 3 is supported by the support shaft 17 for tilting the door.
With the center of rotation as the center of rotation, the center of rotation is rotated toward the side opposite to the center axis of the vehicle.

Next, the hydraulic circuits of the slide hydraulic cylinder 9, the vertical hydraulic cylinder 14 and the tilt hydraulic cylinder 22 will be described. As shown in FIG. 7, electromagnetic switching valves 25, 26, and 27 for sliding, up and down, and tilting are provided for the hydraulic cylinders 9, 14, and 22, respectively.

When the sliding electromagnetic switching valve 25 is switched to the a position, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump P is supplied to the cylinder chamber 9a on the base end side of the cylinder 9, and the hydraulic oil in the cylinder chamber 9b on the tip end side is supplied. Discharge to the drain tank T. On the contrary, when switched to the b position, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump P is supplied to the cylinder chamber 9b, and the hydraulic oil in the cylinder chamber 9a is discharged to the drain tank T. Also, when the neutral position is switched to the c position, the supply and discharge of the hydraulic oil are cut off.

Therefore, when the sliding electromagnetic switching valve 25 is switched to the a position, the rod 9A of the sliding hydraulic cylinder 9 extends, and when switched to the b position, the rod 9A of the sliding hydraulic cylinder 9 contracts.

When the up / down electromagnetic switching valve 26 is switched to the a position, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump P is supplied to the cylinder chamber 14a on the base end side of the up / down hydraulic cylinder 14 to operate the cylinder chamber 14b on the tip end side. The oil is discharged to the drain tank T. On the contrary, when switched to the b position, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump P is supplied to the cylinder chamber 14b, and the hydraulic oil in the cylinder chamber 14a is discharged to the drain tank T. Also, when the neutral position is switched to the c position, the supply and discharge of the hydraulic oil are cut off.

Therefore, when the up / down electromagnetic switching valve 26 is switched to the a position, the rod 1 of the up / down hydraulic cylinder 14 is moved.
4A expands, and when switched to the b position, the rod 14A of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 14 contracts.

When the tilt electromagnetic switching valve 27 is switched to the a position, hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump P is supplied to the cylinder chamber 22a on the base end side of the hydraulic cylinder 22 for tilting, and the cylinder chamber 22b on the tip end is operated. The oil is discharged to the drain tank T. On the contrary, when switched to the b position, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump P is supplied to the cylinder chamber 22b, and the hydraulic oil in the cylinder chamber 22a is discharged to the drain tank T. Also, when the neutral position is switched to the c position, the supply and discharge of the hydraulic oil are cut off.

Therefore, when the tilting electromagnetic switching valve 27 is switched to the position a, the rod 2 of the tilting hydraulic cylinder 22 is moved.
2A extends, and when switched to the b position, the rod 22A of the tilt hydraulic cylinder 22 contracts.

The electromagnetic switching valves 25, 26, 27 are switched and controlled by a controller (not shown). Then, in this embodiment, the controller switches the slide electromagnetic switching valve 25 to the a position by an open signal from a door opening / closing switch (not shown), and then slightly delays the vertical valve 26 to the a position and the tilt electromagnetic switching valve 27. Outputs a switching signal for switching to the b position all at once. The controller simultaneously switches the tilting electromagnetic switching valve 26 to the a position and the up / down electromagnetic switching valve 27 to the b position in response to the closing signal of the door opening / closing switch, and then slightly later delays the sliding electromagnetic switching valve 25 to the b position. Outputs a switching signal for switching. In addition, after a certain period of time after the controller is switched to the a or b position, or when the hydraulic pressure in one of the cylinder chambers of each cylinder reaches a certain level or more (that is, the door 3 is completely opened). Each solenoid switching valve 2
A switching signal for simultaneously switching to the c position is output to 5 to 27.

Next, the operation of the door structure constructed as above will be described. Now, as shown in FIG. 2, each hydraulic cylinder 9, 14, 22 is contracted, and the door opening 2 is closed by the door 3 as shown in FIG. And
Each electromagnetic switching valve 25, 26, 27 is in the c position.

From this state, the sliding electromagnetic switching valve 25 and the up / down electromagnetic valve 26 are switched from the c position to the a position and the tilting electromagnetic valve 27 is switched from the c position to the b position by the controller based on the open signal. To be Based on this switching, the slide hydraulic cylinder 9 extends. With the extension operation, the slide frame 8 is moved outward, and the rotating block 12 is also moved outward. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the door 3 starts to separate from the door opening 2 to the outside.

Subsequently, the vertical hydraulic cylinder 14 extends and the tilt hydraulic cylinder 22 contracts. With the extension of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 14, the rotating block 12 rotates upward to rotate the door 3 upward with the axis of the rotary shaft 13 as the center of rotation. On the other hand, with the contraction of the tilt hydraulic cylinder 22, the door 3 is rotated inward about the door tilt support shaft 17. Therefore, the door 3 is tilted toward the center of the vehicle body (toward the roof along the roof) while rotating upward, and is opened to the door opening 2 as shown in FIG. When completely opened, the cylinder chamber 9a,
The hydraulic pressure in 14a, 22b rises, and each electromagnetic valve 25-
27 is switched to the c position.

Next, when the door 3 is closed from the open state, the controller operates the vertical electromagnetic valve 26 based on the closing signal.
Is from the c position to the b position, and the tilting electromagnetic valve 27 is slightly delayed from the c position to the a position.
5 is switched from the c position to the b position.

Based on this switching, the vertical hydraulic cylinder 14 contracts and the tilt hydraulic cylinder 22 expands.
With the contraction of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 14, the rotating block 12 rotates downward from above, and the door 3 rotates downward from above with the axis of the rotary shaft 13 as the center of rotation. On the other hand, as the tilting hydraulic cylinder 22 extends, the door 3
Is outwardly rotated about the pivot shaft 17 for inclining the door.

Subsequently, the slide hydraulic cylinder 9 contracts. With the contraction operation, the slide frame 8 is moved inward, and the rotating block 12 is also moved inward. Therefore, the door 3 moves inward from the door opening 2.

Therefore, the door 3 rotates from the upper side to the lower side,
Also, while inclining toward the center of the vehicle body (toward the roof side along the roof), the vehicle moves inward and, as shown in FIG.
Close. Then, when the door 3 is completely closed, the hydraulic pressure in the cylinder chambers 9b, 14b, 22a rises, and the electromagnetic valves 25 to 27 are switched to the c position.

Thus, in this embodiment, the door 3
The uppermost edge of the door when opened is much lower than the one that simply flips up to open while rotating upwards while tilting to the roof side along the roof. can do. Therefore, the door can be sufficiently opened even in a place where there is a height restriction such as a multi-storey parking lot, and the door is excellent in getting on and off. Further, when the door 3 is opened and closed, the hydraulic cylinder 11 for the light is used to open the door 3. Is temporarily separated outward, the door 3 can be opened and closed without interfering with the roof. As a result, there are no restrictions on the door shape design, and the degree of freedom in design can be improved.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, but may be carried out as follows without departing from the spirit of the present invention. (1) The hydraulic cylinders 9, 14, and 22 of the above embodiment may be replaced by gas dampers, for example. In this case, the door will be opened and closed manually. (2) The operation timings of the hydraulic cylinders 9, 14 and 22 of the above embodiment may be changed as appropriate. For example, the hydraulic cylinders 9, 14, 22 are operated simultaneously. In the case of opening, first, the hydraulic cylinder 9 for sliding may be driven to completely separate the door 3 outward, and then the upward movement and the tilting operation may be performed. Further, in the case of closing, the sliding hydraulic cylinder 9 is first performed after being completely moved downward and tilted.
May be driven to move the door 3 inward. (3) The supporting means may be changed to another supporting mechanism such as a universal joint.

[0037]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention,
There is an excellent effect that the opening space for opening the door in the height direction can be reduced and the degree of freedom of the door opening shape can be expanded.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an automobile showing an opened state of a door embodying the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a door opening / closing mechanism.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the vehicle showing a state in which a door is closed.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the vehicle showing a state in which doors are separated outward.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing an opening / closing mechanism of the door in an open state.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing a door opening / closing mechanism.

FIG. 7 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of a door opening / closing mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Car body, 2 ... Door opening part, 3 ... Door, 6 ... Slide rail, 8 ... Slide frame, 9 ... Sliding hydraulic cylinder, 11 ... Bearing, 12 ... Rotating block, 13 ... Rotating shaft, 14 ... For upper and lower Hydraulic cylinder, 16 ... Support plate, 17 ...
Support shaft for tilting the door, 21 ... Connection plate, 22 ... Hydraulic cylinder for tilting.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A door opening formed on a side of a seat, a door for opening and closing the door opening, a sliding means for sliding the door in a vehicle width direction, and a sliding means provided in the sliding means, with respect to the vehicle width direction. And a supporting means for pivotally supporting the door in a direction orthogonal to each other and pivotally supporting the door in the vehicle width direction.