JPH06236793A - Thermal spray heating element containing iron ore - Google Patents
Thermal spray heating element containing iron oreInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06236793A JPH06236793A JP4440393A JP4440393A JPH06236793A JP H06236793 A JPH06236793 A JP H06236793A JP 4440393 A JP4440393 A JP 4440393A JP 4440393 A JP4440393 A JP 4440393A JP H06236793 A JPH06236793 A JP H06236793A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- thermal spray
- heating element
- ore
- spray heating
- iron ore
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、通電発熱させる溶射発
熱体に係り、特に、導電性物質として鉄鉱石を用いた溶
射皮膜を含有する溶射発熱体に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a thermal spray heating element for generating electric current and, more particularly, to a thermal spray heating element containing a thermal spray coating using iron ore as a conductive substance.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、溶射発熱体の導電性物質として
は、金属、金属と絶縁体の混合物、無電解メッキ処理セ
ラミック粒子、ＴｉＯ2 等の導電性酸化物及び天然砂鉄
等が用いられていた。これらの技術を開示した文献とし
ては、特開昭５９−９４３９４号、特開昭６４−８２６
０号、特公平２−５６４２５号各公報等がある。これら
を導電性物質として使用する問題点としては、砂鉄を除
いて高価である点にある。プラズマ溶射は基材への付着
率が約５０％と低いため、高価な材料が無駄になると共
に、ランニングコストの占める割合が２〜３割であるこ
とから加工賃が必然的に高くなる。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a metal, a mixture of a metal and an insulator, electroless-plated ceramic particles, a conductive oxide such as TiO 2 and natural iron sand have been used as a conductive substance for a thermal spray heating element. . Documents disclosing these techniques include JP-A-59-94394 and JP-A-64-826.
No. 0, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-56425, etc. The problem with using these as conductive materials is that they are expensive except for iron sand. Since plasma spraying has a low adhesion rate to the base material of about 50%, expensive materials are wasted and the processing cost is inevitably high because the running cost accounts for 20 to 30%.
【０００３】また、金属と絶縁物の混合体ではミクロ的
にみると電気的に不連続性が生じ、更にメッキ処理では
不純物の影響があり、ＴｉＯ2 は再酸化が懸念されるた
め不安定である。一方、砂鉄は安価であるが抵抗値の調
整を高価な金属の添加によっている。また、産地により
導電性物質として利用できないものもあり、その原因が
不明であった。Further, a mixture of a metal and an insulator causes electrical discontinuity in a microscopic view, and further, the plating process is affected by impurities, and TiO 2 is unstable because reoxidation is feared. is there. On the other hand, sand iron is inexpensive, but the resistance value is adjusted by adding an expensive metal. In addition, there are some that cannot be used as a conductive substance depending on the place of production, and the cause was unknown.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記のように、従来使
用されている導電体にはそれぞれ問題点があった。とこ
ろで、ニーズから考察すれば、精密な温度分布の達成以
外に、特に精度を必要としない場合、例えば家庭用電源
のコンセントに差し込むだけでの暖房等も多い。この場
合の導電体は抵抗率の低い金属（金属は１０-4Ω・ｃｍ
オーダ）であると、必要な電力密度を得るためには導電
体の長さを長くしたり、断面積を小さくして対応するた
めコスト高になる。このような場合はむしろ抵抗率が高
く、即ち１０0 〜１０-3Ω・ｃｍであれば、加工が容易
になり、コストダウンになる。そこで、本発明は抵抗率
が１０0 〜１０-3Ω・ｃｍと高く、コスト的に安価で入
手容易な導電性物質を用いて溶射皮膜を形成した溶射発
熱体を提供することを課題とする。As described above, each of the conventional conductors has a problem. From the viewpoint of needs, in addition to achieving a precise temperature distribution, when accuracy is not particularly required, for example, heating by simply inserting it into a household power outlet is common. The conductor in this case is a metal having a low resistivity (metal is 10 −4 Ω · cm
In order to obtain the required power density, the length of the conductor is increased or the cross-sectional area is reduced to cope with the increase in cost. In such a case, if the resistivity is rather high, that is, if it is 10 0 to 10 −3 Ω · cm, the processing becomes easy and the cost is reduced. Accordingly, the present invention has a high resistivity and 10 0 ~10 -3 Ω · cm, and to provide a spray heating element to form a thermal spray coating using a cost and easily conductive material available at low cost .
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
に、本発明では、絶縁体基材と、該基材表面に導電性物
質を溶射して形成した溶射皮膜とを有する溶射発熱体に
おいて、前記導電性物質として鉄鉱石及び／又はマグネ
タイト鉱石の粉末を用いた溶射皮膜を少なくとも１部有
することを特徴とする溶射発熱体としたものである。上
記溶射発熱体において、鉄鉱石及び／又はマグネタイト
鉱石は、酸化第１鉄が１０ｗｔ％以上含有しているのが
よく、また、炭素粒を１ｗｔ％以上混合して用いるのが
よい。In order to solve the above problems, according to the present invention, there is provided a thermal spray heating element having an insulating base material and a thermal spray coating formed by spraying a conductive substance on the surface of the base material. A thermal spray heating element comprising at least a part of a thermal spray coating using iron ore and / or magnetite ore powder as the conductive material. In the above-mentioned thermal spray heating element, the iron ore and / or magnetite ore preferably contains 10 wt% or more of ferrous oxide, and it is preferable to use carbon particles in a mixture of 1 wt% or more.
【０００６】次に、本発明を詳細に説明する。本発明の
導電性物質として用いる鉄鉱石及び／又はマグネタイト
鉱石の粉末は、砂鉄より安価であり、その粒径は１０〜
１００μｍ程度のものがよい。また、鉱石は産地により
性状が異なるが、おおむね全Ｆｅ量は６０ｗｔ％以上
で、Ｆｅ 2 Ｏ3 、Ｆｅ3 Ｏ4 、ＦｅＯと少量のＳｉ
Ｏ2 、Ａｌ2 Ｏ3 、ＭｎＯ等を含有するものである。そ
ころで、上記酸化鉄の抵抗率は、８２．０、２．２及び
１．５×１０-2Ω・ｃｍであるが、ここでは酸化第１鉄
の挙動が重要であり、その含有率によって導電体として
利用でき、特に抵抗率の制御の可能性もある。また、マ
クネタイト鉱石はそれ自身導電体となり得る。Next, the present invention will be described in detail. Of the present invention
Iron ore and / or magnetite used as a conductive substance
Ore powder is cheaper than iron sand and has a particle size of 10 to 10.
It is preferably about 100 μm. Also, the ore depends on the origin
Properties are different, but generally the total Fe content is 60 wt% or more
And Fe 2O3, Fe3OFour, FeO and small amount of Si
O2, Al2O3, MnO, etc. are contained. So
The resistivity of the iron oxide is about 82.0, 2.2 and
1.5 x 10-2Ω · cm, but here ferrous oxide
Behavior is important, and as a conductor depending on its content
There is also a possibility of controlling the resistivity, in particular. Also,
Kunitite ore can itself be a conductor.
【０００７】一方、減圧プラズマ溶射の場合、ガス雰囲
気は水素と窒素等であり、２０００℃程度の高温場であ
るため、鉱石は水素で瞬時に還元され、 Ｆｅ2 Ｏ3 →（Ｆｅ3 Ｏ4 ）→ＦｅＯ→（Ｆｅ） Ｆｅ3 Ｏ4 →ＦｅＯ→（Ｆｅ） に変性され導電体となるものと考えられる。しかし、大
気中のプラズマ溶射は、一部酸化性雰囲気になるため、
炭素を鉱石中に混合して溶射することにより、炭素が選
択的に酸化され、鉱石の再酸化を防ぐこととなる。ま
た、還元反応（平均粒径約２０μｍ、２０００℃、平均
滞留時間１．０ｍｓ）を界面反応律速と仮定すれば、反
応完了時間は粒径に比例するため、平均粒径は小さいほ
ど速く完了する。なお、鉱石をあらかじめ水素等で還元
して、酸化第１鉄の含有量を増加させておいてもよい。On the other hand, in the case of low pressure plasma spraying, the gas atmosphere is hydrogen and nitrogen and the high temperature field is about 2000 ° C., so the ore is instantly reduced by hydrogen and Fe 2 O 3 → (Fe 3 O 4 ) → FeO → (Fe) Fe 3 O 4 → FeO → (Fe). However, plasma spraying in the atmosphere creates a partially oxidizing atmosphere,
By mixing and spraying carbon into the ore, the carbon is selectively oxidized and the reoxidation of the ore is prevented. Further, assuming that the reduction reaction (average particle size of about 20 μm, 2000 ° C., average residence time of 1.0 ms) is the interface reaction rate-determining, the reaction completion time is proportional to the particle size. Therefore, the smaller the average particle size, the faster the completion. . The ore may be previously reduced with hydrogen or the like to increase the content of ferrous oxide.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】本発明においては、上記したように、導電性物
質に鉄鉱石及び／又はマグネタイト鉱石の粉末を用いて
いるので、安価に溶射発熱体を得ることができ、また、
鉱石中の酸化第１鉄の含有率を増減することによって抵
抗率を１０0 〜１０-3Ω・ｃｍ程度に制御することがで
きる。In the present invention, as described above, the powder of iron ore and / or magnetite ore is used as the conductive substance, so that the thermal spray heating element can be obtained at low cost, and
The resistivity can be controlled to about 10 0 to 10 -3 Ω · cm by increasing or decreasing the content rate of ferrous oxide in the ore.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】以下、本発明を実施例により具体的に説明す
るが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。 実施例１ 鉄鉱石（平均粒径２０μｍ）のＦｅＯ含有率２０ｗｔ％
を、Ｈ2 、Ｎ2 雰囲気のプラズマ溶射で５ｇ／ｍｉｎ供
給し、あらかじめＡｌ2 Ｏ3 絶縁層が施されている２５
Ａステンレス管に膜厚１００μｍで巾１０ｃｍ溶射して
溶射発熱体を形成した。この溶射発熱体の抵抗を図１の
実験装置を用いて行った。EXAMPLES The present invention will now be specifically described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Example 1 FeO content of iron ore (average particle size 20 μm) 20 wt%
Is supplied by plasma spraying in an atmosphere of H 2 and N 2 at 5 g / min, and an Al 2 O 3 insulating layer is applied in advance.
A stainless steel tube was sprayed with a film thickness of 100 μm and a width of 10 cm to form a thermal spray heating element. The resistance of this thermal spray heating element was measured using the experimental apparatus of FIG.
【００１０】図１において、溶射発熱体１が本体ステン
レス管（ＳＵＳ３０４）２の上に形成されており、溶射
発熱体１の両端に電極３を取り付け、アンメータ５を介
してスライダック（１００Ｖ、１０Ａ）４に接続されて
いる。溶射発熱体１の中央には熱電対６を設置し温度が
測定されている。この溶射発熱体１に取り付けた電極３
にスライダック４で電圧を印加し、アンメータ５を用い
た電圧降下法で測定したところ、抵抗は１０Ωであっ
た。In FIG. 1, a thermal spray heating element 1 is formed on a main body stainless steel tube (SUS304) 2, electrodes 3 are attached to both ends of the thermal spray heating element 1, and a sliderac (100V, 10A) is provided via an ammeter 5. 4 is connected. A thermocouple 6 is installed at the center of the thermal spray heating element 1 to measure the temperature. Electrode 3 attached to this thermal spray heating element 1
When a voltage was applied to the above with a slidac 4 and the voltage was measured by a voltage drop method using an ammeter 5, the resistance was 10Ω.
【００１１】実施例２ マグネタイト鉱石（平均粒径４０μｍ）を実施例１とほ
ぼ同一条件で溶射して溶射発熱体を形成し、この溶射発
熱体を図１の実験装置を用いて実施例１と同様に測定し
たところ、抵抗は約１ｋΩであった。Example 2 Magnetite ore (average particle size 40 μm) was sprayed under the same conditions as in Example 1 to form a thermal spray heating element, and this thermal spray heating element was used as Example 1 using the experimental apparatus shown in FIG. When similarly measured, the resistance was about 1 kΩ.
【００１２】実施例３ マグネタイト鉱石（平均粒径４０μｍ）に炭素粒（平均
２０μｍ）を１０ｗｔ％含有させて、実施例１とほぼ同
じ条件で溶射して溶射発熱体を形成し、この溶射発熱体
を図１の実験装置を用いて実施例１と同様に測定したと
ころ、抵抗は約１０Ωであった。Example 3 A magnetite ore (average particle size 40 μm) containing 10 wt% of carbon particles (average 20 μm) was sprayed under the same conditions as in Example 1 to form a thermal spray heating element. Was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 using the experimental apparatus of FIG. 1, and the resistance was about 10Ω.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、次のような効果を奏す
る。 （１）砂鉄（約５０〜１００円／ｋｇ）より安価（約数
拾円／ｋｇ）で入手が容易である。 （２）鉱石中の酸化第１鉄の含有率の増減により抵抗値
が１０0 〜１０-3Ω・ｃｍ程度に制御可能である。 （３）使用電源及び任意の電力密度に容易に対応できる
電気抵抗溶射発熱体が得られる。The present invention has the following effects. (1) It is cheaper (about several hundred yen / kg) and easier to obtain than sand iron (about 50-100 yen / kg). (2) The resistance value can be controlled to about 10 0 to 10 −3 Ω · cm by increasing or decreasing the content rate of ferrous oxide in the ore. (3) It is possible to obtain an electric resistance spraying heating element that can easily cope with a power source used and an arbitrary power density.
【図１】溶射発熱体の抵抗を測定するための実験装置の
概略説明図。FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of an experimental device for measuring the resistance of a thermal spray heating element.
１：溶射発熱体、２：ステンレス管、３：電極、４：ス
ライダック、５：アンメータ、６：熱電対1: Thermal spray heating element, 2: Stainless steel tube, 3: Electrode, 4: Slidar, 5: Ammeter, 6: Thermocouple
Claims (3)
を溶射して形成した溶射皮膜とを有する溶射発熱体にお
いて、前記導電性物質として鉄鉱石及び／又はマグネタ
イト鉱石の粉末を用いた溶射皮膜を少なくとも１部有す
ることを特徴とする溶射発熱体。1. A thermal spray heating element comprising an insulating base material and a thermal spray coating formed by spraying a conductive material on the surface of the base material, wherein iron ore and / or magnetite ore powder is used as the conductive material. A thermal spray heating element comprising at least a part of the thermal spray coating used.
は、酸化第１鉄が１０ｗｔ％以上含有していることを特
徴とする請求項１記載の溶射発熱体。2. The thermal spray heating element according to claim 1, wherein the iron ore and / or the magnetite ore contains 10 wt% or more of ferrous oxide.
は、炭素粒を１ｗｔ％以上混合して用いることを特徴と
する請求項１又は２記載の溶射発熱体。3. The thermal spray heating element according to claim 1, wherein the iron ore and / or magnetite ore is used by mixing carbon particles in an amount of 1 wt% or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP04440393A JP3228445B2 (en) | 1993-02-10 | 1993-02-10 | Thermal spray heating element containing iron ore |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP04440393A JP3228445B2 (en) | 1993-02-10 | 1993-02-10 | Thermal spray heating element containing iron ore |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06236793A true JPH06236793A (en) | 1994-08-23 |
| JP3228445B2 JP3228445B2 (en) | 2001-11-12 |
Family
ID=12690548
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP04440393A Expired - Fee Related JP3228445B2 (en) | 1993-02-10 | 1993-02-10 | Thermal spray heating element containing iron ore |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3228445B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000031313A1 (en) * | 1998-11-25 | 2000-06-02 | Joma Chemical As | Material for producing a corrosion- and wear-resistant layer by thermal spraying |
| JP2007157577A (en) * | 2005-12-07 | 2007-06-21 | Fujiki Kosan Kk | Spray heating element for low temperature and method of manufacturing, and heating device using it |
-
1993
- 1993-02-10 JP JP04440393A patent/JP3228445B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000031313A1 (en) * | 1998-11-25 | 2000-06-02 | Joma Chemical As | Material for producing a corrosion- and wear-resistant layer by thermal spraying |
| JP2007157577A (en) * | 2005-12-07 | 2007-06-21 | Fujiki Kosan Kk | Spray heating element for low temperature and method of manufacturing, and heating device using it |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3228445B2 (en) | 2001-11-12 |
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