JPH06220470A - Production of solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a solid fuel of improved combustion efficiency by mixing a ground PS foam with ground wood, reducing the volume of the obtained mixture and softening the same in a hot air atmosphere to form an indefinite- shape solid fuel containing ground wood and retaining cells. CONSTITUTION:100 pts.wt. product of a mean particle diameter of 10-100mm, obtained by grinding waste PS foams, is mixed with 150-500 pts.wt. product of a mean particle diameter of 1-30mm, obtained by grinding waste wood, and the resulting mixture is thrown into a hopper 6. Conveying air is heated with a hot air generator consisting of a blower 1 and a heater 2, and this mixture is fed through a rotary valve 5 at a constant rate. While the mixture passes a particle transfer pipe 3 in a hot air atmosphere at 100-250 deg.C, it is reduced in volume and softened to unite the ground PS foam of a specified gravity of 0.2-0.95 with the ground wood and cooled in a cyclone 4 to obtain an indefinite-shape solid fuel composed of particles of the ground PS foam and a plurality of particles of the ground wood united to the surface of each particle of the ground PS foam and retaining cells therein.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a solid fuel using a crushed product of expanded polystyrene-based molded products containing polystyrene as a main component and a crushed product of wood. Effectively use the waste of, without damaging the incinerator, no graphite and soot are generated,
The present invention relates to a method for producing a solid fuel having high fuel efficiency.

[0002]

BACKGROUND ART AND PROBLEMS In recent years, the amount of plastics used has been increasing and is being used not only in industrial fields but also in all fields of general households. In particular, expanded polystyrene-based molded articles are used in large quantities as food containers, cushioning packaging materials, etc. because they are inexpensive and have excellent heat retention and cushioning properties. Then, the used foam-molded product is crushed and then pelletized by an extruder for reuse. However, depending on the method of use, used expanded polystyrene molded products are often those that cannot be reclaimed remarkably because they are remarkably soiled, such as those used in fish boxes, etc. Is. If these used expanded polystyrene molded products are incinerated as they are, they burn the incinerator because they burn a large amount of calories, and graphite and soot are likely to be generated.
However, the specific gravity of the expanded polystyrene molded product is usually as large as 0.1 to 0.01, and thus landfilling has become a social problem.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in JP-A-59-140297, a waste plastic is melted by using an extruder, for example, a bark material is extruded and solidified into a solid fuel. As disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 63-125597, there is a fuel obtained by compression-molding a plastic or pitch material and a fuel combustion ash having an inorganic component of 5 to 25% by weight and a carbon component of 60 to 95% by weight.

The above technique was an attempt to reduce the combustion calories because the combustion furnace is damaged because the combustion calories are high when the plastic alone is used. However, the plastic was completely melted and processed so as not to leave bubbles. Since it is a fuel manufacturing method, when the obtained fuel is burned, it is not possible to supply sufficient air (oxygen) to the details, and incomplete combustion is likely to occur, and graphite and soot are generated, which is likely to cause environmental problems. It was

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention As a result of earnest research in view of the above points, the present inventor mixed a crushed wood product with a crushed product obtained by previously crushing a used expanded polystyrene molded product, and When the crushed product is heated and softened to bond both crushed products, the specific gravity of the crushed product of the expanded polystyrene molded product is 0.2.
By reducing the volume in the range of up to 0.95 with bubbles still remaining inside, a solid fuel with high fuel efficiency can be obtained without damaging the combustion furnace during combustion, generating no graphite and soot. This has led to the completion of the present invention.

[0006]

That is, according to the present invention, a crushed product obtained by crushing an expanded polystyrene type molded product is mixed with a crushed product of wood, and the mixture is reduced in volume in a heated air atmosphere. , A method for producing a solid fuel, characterized by obtaining an amorphous solid fuel in which bubbles are still left inside by softening it by heating and adhering it to a crushed product of wood. is there.

The expanded polystyrene-based molded article used in the present invention is an expanded polystyrene-based molded article, a polystyrene-based expanded styrene-based copolymer molded article such as expanded polyethylene-styrene graft copolymer, or a mixture thereof. This is a foamed polystyrene molded product used for packaging materials such as home appliances and food containers.
For example, it can be suitably used for a foamed polystyrene molded product that is used for a fish box and cannot be recovered and reused due to its significant contamination. These expanded polystyrene-based molded products are roughly crushed in advance to have an average particle size of 10 to 100 mm, preferably 30.
It is possible to use one having a thickness of up to 50 mm.

The crushed wood product used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is a crushed product of construction waste wood or demolition waste wood, and has an average particle size of 1 to 30.
mm, preferably having an average particle size of 5 to 10 mm, and its bulk specific gravity is usually 0.2 to 0.6. In the present invention, the mixing ratio of the crushed expanded polystyrene-based product and the crushed wood is 100 to 100 parts by weight of the expanded polystyrene-based molded product and 150 to 500 crushed wood.
Parts by weight are used. This is because when 150 parts by weight or less of crushed wood is less than 150 parts by weight of crushed polystyrene foam, calories during combustion are too high, which causes a problem that the furnace wall of a combustion furnace such as a boiler is damaged. Further, when the crushed wood product is used in an amount of 500 parts by weight or more, the crushed wood product cannot be sufficiently adhered to the crushed polystyrene foam product. This is because it cannot be used as a solid fuel, which causes fluctuation in calories burned during combustion.

In the present invention, paper can be used in addition to crushed wood. The paper used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but used paper, papermaking waste, or the like is used. Particularly, those impregnated with and coated with wax, and those difficult to recycle such as paper laminated with a resin film are also preferable. Can be used. The amount of the crushed paper product used is 0 to 200 parts by weight based on the crushed polystyrene foam product. If it is used in an amount of 200 parts by weight or more, the crushed product of the expanded polystyrene molded product and the crushed product of wood do not sufficiently adhere to each other, and it is difficult to obtain the solid fuel intended by the present invention, which is not preferable.

In the present invention, the crushed product of the expanded polystyrene-based molded product is heated and reduced in volume with air bubbles still remaining inside,
That is, the expanded polystyrene type molded product has a specific gravity of 0.2 to 0.9.
By reducing the volume by heating to about 5 and adhering a crushed product of wood, or paper in some cases, to a crushed product of a heat-softened expanded polystyrene-based molded product, at the same time the effect of reducing the calories burned by the constituent polystyrene is achieved. The resulting solid fuel of the present invention has the effect of ensuring that the air contained in the solid fuel of the present invention has a sufficient amount of air for complete combustion.
As a synergistic effect of these, it is possible to produce a fuel that suppresses the generation of graphite and soot.

In the solid fuel of the present invention thus obtained, in order to supply sufficient air to the details, it is necessary to reduce the specific gravity of the expanded polystyrene type molded product to 0.95 or less, and the specific gravity. If it is less than 0.2, the cost for storage and transportation becomes high, which is not preferable.

The specific gravity of the amorphous solid fuel, which is obtained by adhering the crushed product of the expanded polystyrene-based molded product with the crushed product of wood and, in some cases, the crushed product of paper, has a temperature of 100 to 100 in the heated air atmosphere. In the range of 250 ° C, preferably 150
The temperature can be changed by adjusting the temperature to ˜200 ° C. or by adjusting the heating time of the pulverized product of the expanded polystyrene-based molded product, and it is possible to produce an amorphous solid fuel in which bubbles remain inside. it can.

The present invention also relates to waste treatment,
In the utilization of waste timber, for example, it was found that even when water-absorbed waste wood is used, it is possible to suppress a decrease in combustion efficiency and to exhibit an excellent effect that it can be used favorably. This is due to the high combustion energy of the expanded polystyrene-based molded product constituting the solid fuel obtained in the present invention, the large number of internal spaces of the fuel, and the air in the bubbles still remaining in the pulverized product of expanded polystyrene. Because it completely burns, even if the waste wood that has absorbed water is used as a fuel, it has the effect of significantly promoting combustion, and because it has the effect of drying the waste wood that has absorbed water in a heated air atmosphere. it is conceivable that.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Example 1 The waste of the expanded polystyrene molded product having a foaming ratio of about 25 times used as the cushioning material was crushed by a crusher, and its average particle size was 50.
A mixture of 100 parts by weight of the crushed product having a size of 10 mm and 300 parts by weight of a crushed product of the used wooden crushed crushed wood having an average particle diameter of 10 mm was mixed and stirred, and the mixture was put into the hopper 6. Granulation tube 3, cyclone 4 directly connected to a hot air generator consisting of blower 1 and heating device 2
First, the transport air is heated to 200 ° C. by the hot air generator, and the crushed product of the expanded polystyrene molded product and the wood are controlled by the rotary valve 5 installed at the connecting portion between the hopper 6 and the flow pipe 3. The mixture of the pulverized product of was quantitatively supplied. The mixture supplied in a fixed amount is reduced in volume and softened while passing through the granulating tube 3 in a heated air atmosphere, and at the same time, a crushed product of expanded polystyrene is bonded to a crushed product of wood, and the mixture is transferred to a cyclone 4. And cooled here,
An amorphous solid fuel was obtained. The average particle size of the pulverized expanded polystyrene molded product is 25 m.
m, the specific gravity was reduced to about 0.3, and a plurality of crushed wood products were attached to the surface, and the overall shape was an elliptical sphere with an average particle size of about 40 mm. When this solid fuel is used in a boiler, it burns about 480 calories.
It was 0 cal / g, and even the boiler called a bark boiler, which uses wood as a dedicated fuel, could sufficiently bring out the performance of the boiler.

Example 2 Mixing and stirring A mixture a was prepared by adding 50 parts by weight of crushed resin-wrapped wrapping paper to the mixture of Example 1 and mixing and stirring. An amorphous solid fuel was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1. The amorphous solid fuel obtained here had a crushed polystyrene foam product crushed to an average particle size of 25 mm and a specific gravity of about 0.3. The crushed product of the wrapping paper was stuck in the space between the reduced-volume product of the crushed product of the molded product and the crushed product of the wood, and the overall shape was an elliptic spherical shape having an average particle diameter of about 40 mm. When this solid fuel was used in the same boiler as in Example 1, it could be used satisfactorily without fluctuations in burning calories.
The calories burned was about 4600 cal / g.

Comparative Example 1 The waste of expanded polystyrene molded product having a foaming ratio of about 25 times used as a cushioning material was crushed by a crusher, and its average particle shape was 50.
600 parts by weight of a used wooden pallet to have an average particle size of 10 mm and 100 parts by weight of a crushed product of 100 mm, and 250 parts by weight of a crushed resin-wrapped wrapping paper. An amorphous solid fuel was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the mixture obtained by mixing and stirring was charged into the hopper 6. The amorphous solid fuel obtained here is fused with the crushed product of expanded polystyrene molded product, in which the crushed product of wood and wrapping paper are adhered to each other, and with the crushed product of wrapping paper only. It was a mixture of crushed wood that was not made. When this solid fuel was used in a boiler similar to that in Example 1, combustion calories fluctuated and the performance of the boiler could not be brought out sufficiently.

[0017]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, used foamed plastics, which have become a social problem as wastes, among them, used expanded polystyrene-based molded products and wood, and in some cases, paper that is difficult to reuse are preferably used as fuel. Therefore, instead of completely reducing the volume of this crushed product to non-foamed polystyrene, the volume is reduced to the state where air bubbles still remain inside, and at the same time crushed products such as wood and paper that are difficult to reuse By coalescing, a suitable fuel that does not generate graphite and soot due to incomplete combustion can be efficiently manufactured at low cost. Moreover, the used expanded polystyrene-based molded product that can be used in the present invention is a waste that is difficult to handle by itself, and this industrial waste can be effectively treated as a suitable fuel, resulting in waste. It also contributes to solving physical problems and saving energy. Further, according to the present invention, it is an excellent fuel that has the characteristic of exhibiting the excellent effect that it can be used satisfactorily while suppressing a decrease in combustion efficiency even when using waste wood that has absorbed water.

[0018]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 Device used in the present invention

[Explanation of symbols]

1. Blower blower 2. Air heating device 3. Flow pipe 4. Cyclone 5. Rotary valve 6. Hopper a. Pulverized polystyrene-based molded product, crushed wood, crushed paper b. Crushed product of expanded polystyrene-based molded product whose volume is reduced by heating or crushed product of wood or paper during heating c. Amorphous solid fuel during cooling d. Amorphous solid fuel

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A crushed product obtained by crushing an expanded polystyrene type molded product is mixed with a crushed product of wood, and the mixture is reduced in volume and softened by heating in a heated air atmosphere. A method for producing a solid fuel, characterized by obtaining an amorphous solid fuel in which bubbles are still left inside by coalescing with a pulverized product. 2. The solid fuel according to claim 1, wherein the crushed product of the expanded polystyrene molding is reduced to a specific gravity of 0.2 to 0.95 in a heated air atmosphere. Manufacturing method.