JPH06219105A - Wheel dismounting and mounting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a wheel dismounting and mounting device which can do with only one person for dismounting a wheel from and mounting it on a large vehicle such as a truck or bus speedily with ease. CONSTITUTION:A freely movable carriage 2 and a position adjusting frame 3 added to the carriage 2 so as to be movable vertically laterally, are provided. A wheel chuck part 18 to support a wheel 1 by coming into contact with a rim W of the wheel 1 is added to the position adjusting frame 3 as to be movable in the longitudinal direction. A nut runner 21 having wrench head parts 20 and 20 to approach and retreat installing nuts 19 of the wheel 1 is added to the position adjusting frame 3 so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction. When the nut runner 21 is rotated around a shaft center of the wheel 1, positional switching becomes possible. A laser projector is provided to emit a laser beam forward to radiate the shaft center of the wheel 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wheel attaching / detaching device for attaching / detaching wheels of a large vehicle such as a truck or a bus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the work of attaching and detaching the wheels of large vehicles such as trucks and buses has been performed manually.

[0003]

However, since the wheels of a large vehicle are heavy and large, there is a problem that a plurality of workers are required for the attachment / detachment work and the work takes a long time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide a wheel attaching / detaching device capable of easily and quickly attaching / detaching the wheels of a large vehicle such as a truck or a bus.

[0005]

A wheel attaching / detaching device of the present invention comprises a movable carriage and a position adjusting frame attached to the carriage so as to be vertically and horizontally movable, and is brought into contact with a wheel of a wheel. A wheel chuck part supporting the wheel is attached to the position adjusting frame so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, and a nut runner having a wrench head part for screwing a mounting nut of the wheel forward and backward is movable, and It is provided with a laser projector which is attached to the position adjusting frame so as to be rotatable about the shaft center of the wheel so as to be switchable in position and emits laser light for irradiating the shaft center of the wheel to the front.

[0006]

[Function] When the wheel is detached from the axle, the carriage is positioned in front of the wheel, and the position adjustment frame is moved up, down, left, and right while irradiating the wheel with the laser light, so that the laser light irradiation position is the center of rotation of the wheel. By aligning them, the wheel chuck and the nut runner can be positioned quickly.

After the positioning, the wheel chuck portion is moved forward to support the wheel, and the nut runner is moved forward to screw the wheel mounting nut back and forth by the wrench head portion. By rotating the nut runner around the axis of the wheel, the wrench head can be easily adapted to all mounting nuts.

After all the mounting nuts have been removed, the wheel can be easily removed by pulling the bogie outward in the axial direction of the wheel while the wheel is supported by the wheel chuck portion.

When the wheel is mounted on the axle, the position of the wheel, the wheel chuck, and the nut runner can be quickly positioned by aligning the laser light irradiation position with the rotation center of the axle while the wheel is mounted on the wheel chuck. You can

After positioning, if the wheel chuck portion is moved forward, the wheel can be easily fitted on the axle. After that, a mounting nut is screwed into the male screw portion of the axle with about two threads, and the nut runner is advanced to screw the mounting nut in the wrench head portion and tighten it. By rotating the nut runner around the axis of the wheel, the wrench head can be easily adapted to all mounting nuts.

After tightening all the mounting nuts, the wheel chuck portion may be removed from the wheel of the wheel.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings showing the embodiments.

1 and 2 show a wheel attaching / detaching device according to the present invention, which is a wheel 1 for a large vehicle such as a truck or a bus.
And a position adjustment frame 3 attached to the carriage 2 so as to be vertically and horizontally movable.
And are equipped with.

The carriage 2 includes a frame 4, front small wheels 5 and 5 attached to the left and right portions of the front and rear ends of the frame 4, small rear wheels 6 and 6, and a rear end surface of the frame 4. Drive part 7 attached to the central part
And The rear small wheels 6 and 6 are about a few mm above the floor,
Usually surfaced.

The drive unit 7 has a drive wheel 8 which is rotationally driven by an electric motor, and a handle 9 which adjusts the direction of the drive wheel 8.

The position adjusting frame 3 is attached to the rear portion of the frame portion 4 of the truck 2 via a vertical plate 10.

Specifically, the position adjusting frame 3 is attached to the front side of the vertical plate 10 so as to be slidable in the left-right direction, and the front side of the vertical plate 10 is provided around the horizontal and horizontal axis. The screw shaft 16 that can rotate freely and the motor 15 for horizontal movement that is connected to the screw shaft 16 via a gear
And are installed.

Further, a nut member 17 is fixedly attached to the position adjusting frame 3 so that the screw shaft 16 can be screwed forward and backward.

On the rear surface side of the vertical plate 10, a vertical movement motor 11, a horizontal screw shaft 12 connected to the motor 11 via a gear, and a gear at both ends of the screw shaft 12. Vertical screw member connected via
13, 13 and are attached.

Further, the vertical screw members 13, 13 are female screw portion forming pieces 14, 14 attached to the upper rear end of the frame portion 4 of the carriage 2.
It is screwed into the female screw part of the so as to be able to advance and retreat.

With the above construction, when the vertically moving motor 11 is rotationally driven, the vertical screw members 13 and 13 rotate and the female screw portion forming pieces 14 and 14 are screwed back and forth in the vertical direction. Therefore, the vertical plate 10 and the position adjustment frame 3 on the front side thereof
Can be moved up or down.

When the left-right moving motor 15 is driven to rotate, the screw shaft 16 rotates and the female screw member 17 is screwed back and forth in the left-right direction, so that the position adjustment frame 3 can be moved to the left or right.

Thus, the position adjustment frame 3 is provided with a wheel chuck portion 18 for supporting the wheel 1 and a nut runner 21 for tightening or loosening the mounting nut 19 of the wheel 1 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction.

Specifically, the wheel chuck portion 18 is attached to the substrate portion 24 which is circular in a front view, and is attached to the front portion of the substrate portion 24 so as to project forward along the outer periphery of the substrate portion 24. A plurality of movable claw portions 23 ... And a support base portion 25 that supports the substrate portion 24 therebelow are provided.

The base plate portion 24 has a scroll plate or a cam plate 27 for moving the claw portions 23 ... In the radial direction.
A chuck opening / closing motor 26 for rotating the cam plate 27 is attached.

In the position adjusting frame 3, a large bearing (not shown) is arranged, a plate 37 is placed on the large bearing, and front and rear rail members 22, 22 are provided on the large bearing. A support base portion 25 of the wheel chuck portion 18 is attached to 22, 22 movably in the front-rear direction. By placing the plate 37 as described above and providing the rail members 22 and 22 thereon,
The tip is configured so that the angle can be changed to some extent.

The nut runner 21 is a mounting nut 19 for the wheel 1.
A nut runner main body 29 having wrench heads 20, 20 for screwing back and forth on the left and right ends and motors 28, 28 for separately rotating the respective wrench heads 20, 20,
The nut runner main body 29 is rotated around the axis of the wheel 1 to hold the position changeable and the rail member 2 of the position adjusting frame 3 is held.
Support frame 30 that can be attached to 2 and 22 movably in the front-back direction
And

A clutch for switching the rotation of the wrench heads 20, 20 between low speed and high torque and high speed and low torque is installed in the support frame 30. Also, the wrench head section
20 has two stages for both hexagon and quad.

A disk body 32 which is inserted into a hole formed in the center of the substrate portion 24 of the wheel chuck portion 18 is provided near the tip of the nut runner main body 29.

Further, the nut runner main body 29 has cylindrical bodies 31, 31 which are arranged in parallel vertically and project forward.
The tubular bodies 31, 31 are fitted onto the mounting nuts 19 of the wheel 1 so as to prevent the wheel 1 from rotating.

Further, this wheel attaching / detaching device is a laser projector for emitting forward a laser beam for irradiating the axis of the wheel 1.
Equipped with 33. That is, the laser projector 33 is attached to the central portion of the disc body 32 near the tip of the nut runner body 29.

Further, the wheel chuck portion 18 and the nut runner 21 are provided below the wheel chuck portion 18 and the nut runner 21.
An air cylinder is provided which can separately move 21 and can be fixed.

Although not shown, an operation panel for operating the movement of the carriage 2, the vertical and horizontal movements of the position adjusting frame 3, the front and rear movement of the wheel chuck portion 18, the front and rear movement of the nut runner 21,
Control means for controlling rotation of the wrench head portion 20, 20,
Is attached to the carriage 2 or the position adjustment frame 3.

Further, the box of the operation panel and the box of the control means are provided separately, and further, an electric cord for taking a power source and an outlet are attached.

Further, at the base of the wrench heads 20, 20, when loosening or tightening the mounting nuts 19 ...
Install an air hammer that impacts the mounting nut 19.

A limiter switch for limiting the movement of the claw portion 23 of the wheel chuck portion 18, limiting the vertical and horizontal movement of the position adjusting frame 3, limiting the rotation angle of the nut runner body 29, and adjusting the origin. Will be attached as appropriate.

Therefore, in order to remove the wheel 1 attached to the truck or the bus by using the wheel attaching / detaching device, as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.
To the front of.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, a laser projector
The position adjustment frame 3 is moved vertically and horizontally while emitting the laser light R from 33 to irradiate the central portion of the wheel 1 so that the irradiation point of the laser light R coincides with the axis of the wheel 1.

As a result, the center of the wheel chuck portion 18 and the center of the nut runner 21 can be set on the axis of the wheel 1.

After that, as shown in FIG. 4, the wheel chuck portion 18 is manually pushed forward to insert the claw portions 23 into the cylinder of the wheel W of the wheel 1, and the wheel chuck portion 18 is not moved back and forth. Fix with an air cylinder, etc.

Next, the chuck opening / closing motor 26 is driven to move the claw portions 23 ... outwardly in the radial direction, and the claw portions 23 ...
Is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the foil W.

As a result, the wheel chuck portion 18 and the nut runner 21 can be fixed to the wheel 1 without being displaced.

A torque limiter is provided in a gear portion or the like connected to the chuck opening / closing motor 26 in order to press the claw portions 23 against the inner peripheral surface of the foil W with an appropriate pressing force.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the nut runner 21
Push by hand to move forward. Specifically, Nutrunner 21
While moving forward, rotate the wrench heads 20, 20 slightly around the axis of the wheel 1 to move the wrench heads 20, 20 and the cylindrical body.
31 and 31 are fitted onto the mounting nuts 19 of the wheel 1 ...
Fix the nut runner 21 with an air cylinder so that it will not move back and forth.

The wheel W of the wheel 1 of a large vehicle such as a bus or a truck has eight mounting nuts 19 ... As shown in FIG.
Is fixed to the axle S at.

Therefore, for example, the wrench head portions 20 and 20 described above are first attached to the mounting nuts 19 and 19 at the positions A and A '.
Fit on the outside.

Next, the automatic start switch is turned on (returning to FIG. 5). As a result, the subsequent operation is automatically performed by the control means (not shown).

Then, first, the air hammer installed in the base of the wrench heads 20 and 20 operates, and the wrench heads 20 and 20 reversely rotate at a low speed and a high torque by a quarter revolution, The mounting nuts 19, 19 are loosened.

The nut runner 21 has a quarter
A sensor that detects rotation is provided. Also, since the left and right wrench heads 20, 20 rotate separately in reverse, the wrench heads 20 on the slower side rotate 1/4 faster until they rotate 1/4.
The rotated wrench head portion 20 stops.

After that, both wrench heads 20, 20 are 4
The air hammer stops at the point of one-twelfth rotation, and subsequently, the wrench heads 20, 20 rotate in reverse at high speed and low torque.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, the mounting nut 19 is a bolt member projecting from the wheel mounting plate 34 of the axle S.
Retracts at high speed against 35.

In order to prevent the mounting nut 19 from separating from the bolt member 35 and falling to the ground or the like (as indicated by a virtual line in the drawing), the mounting nut 19 is screwed into the bolt member 35 by about two screw threads immediately before the separation. The rotation of the wrench heads 20, 20 stops at the position.

In order to stop the wrench head portion 20 at the position immediately before the separation as described above, for example, the number of rotations of the wrench head portions 20, 20 until reaching the position immediately before the separation is set, and the wrench head portion 20, 20 is rotated by the set number of times. Stop when 20 turns.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the wrench head portion 2
The nut runner 21 is retracted by the cylinder while maintaining the posture of 0 and 20.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9, the nut runner body is
29 is rotated by 45 ° around the axis of the wheel 1 by the drive of the rotary drive mechanism installed in the support frame 30.

As a result, the wrench head portions 20, 20 are rotated by 45 ° in the direction of the arrow X shown in FIG.
To the mounting nuts 19 and 19 at the positions
0 and 20 correspond.

The rotation angle of the nut runner body 29 is
It is detected by a sensor such as a fiber sensor or an encoder.

Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the air cylinder operates and the nut runner 21 advances. Simultaneously with this forward movement, the wrench heads 20, 20 rotate backward at a low speed. As a result, the mounting nut 1 at the positions B and B '(shown in FIG. 6) is
The wrench heads 20 and 20 are automatically fitted onto the 9 and 19.

After that, at the forward position of the nut runner body 29, the wrench head portion 20, while the air hammer is operating,
20 reverses at a low speed and high torque by a quarter turn.
Next, the wrench heads 20 and 20 rotate at high speed until the mounting nuts 19 and 19 reach the position immediately before the detachment.

Further, thereafter, similarly to the above, the nut runner 21 is retracted to rotate the nut runner main body 29 by 45 °, and then the nut runner 21 is advanced and the wrench head portions 20, 20 are rotated in the reverse direction. C (in FIG. 6) and C'and D
The mounting nuts 19 ... At the positions D and D'are screwed back.

Note that FIG. 6 is merely an example, and the number of mounting nuts 19 ... May be other than eight. In that case, naturally, the above-mentioned 45 ° becomes a large or small predetermined pitch angle depending on the number.

Then, after all the mounting nuts 19 ... Are screwed back, the nut runner 21 is retracted and the end buzzer sounds. When this buzzer sounds, the automatic operation by the control means is stopped.

Before or after the buzzer sounds, the nut runner body 29 is automatically or manually rotated to return to the origin.

After that, all the mounting nuts 19 ... Are manually removed, and then the carriage 2 is retracted as shown in FIG.
Axle S with wheel 1 held on wheel chuck 18
It can be detached from the wheel mounting plate 34.

Finally, by moving the claw portions 23 ... Of the wheel chuck portion 18 to the center, the wheel 1 can be removed from the wheel chuck portion 18.

Next, when the wheel 1 is attached to the axle S, the wheel 1 is held by the wheel chuck 18 as shown in FIG. 11, and the wheel attaching / detaching device is positioned in front of the axle S.

Then, the laser projector 33 is turned on to irradiate the laser beam R onto the axle S, and the position adjusting frame 3 is moved up, down, left and right to locate the irradiation point at the center of the axle S.

Then, the wheel chuck portion 18 is pushed by hand to fit the wheel W of the wheel 1 into the axle S (see FIG. 8).

Next, the axle S (as shown by the phantom line in FIG. 7)
The mounting nut 19 is screwed into the bolt member 35 of 2 to 3 threads.

Then, the nut runner 21 is manually pushed to fit the wrench head portions 20, 20 onto the mounting nuts 19, 19 at the positions A and A'shown in FIG.

Next, the automatic start switch is turned on. As a result, the subsequent operation is automatically performed.

Then, the wrench heads 20 and 20 rotate forward at high speed and low torque, and the mounting nuts 19 and 19 advance (see FIG. 5).

After the rotation of the wrench heads 20, 20 is stopped, the wrench heads 20, 20 are switched to low-speed and high-torque rotation to rotate normally, and when the rotation is stopped again, the tightening is completed.

After that, the nut runner 21 is retracted, and the nut runner main body 29 is further rotated about the axis of the axle S by a predetermined pitch angle (see FIG. 9).

Next, while the wrench heads 20 and 20 are rotating forward at a low speed, the nut runner 21 is moved forward to move the wrench head 2
Nos. 0 and 20 are fitted on the mounting nuts 19 and 19 at the positions B and B'in FIG.

After that, the wrench heads 20, 20 rotate forward at high speed and low torque, and after the rotation is stopped, switch to low speed and high torque rotation (by a torque limiter at the tip of the motor) for torque control. Tighten. When this rotation stops, the tightening ends.

Further, similarly to the above, the nut runner 21 is retracted to rotate the nut runner main body 29 by a predetermined pitch angle, and then the nut runner 21 is advanced to move the wrench head portion.
Repeat a series of movements in which 20, 20 rotate forward (Fig. 6)
The mounting nuts 19 ... at the positions C and C'and D and D'are tightened.

After the tightening of all the mounting nuts 19 ... Is completed, the nut runner 21 retracts, the wheel chuck portion 18 separates from the wheel W of the wheel 1 and retracts, and the end buzzer sounds. At the same time as the buzzer sounds, the automatic operation is stopped and the work for mounting the wheel 1 is completed (see FIG. 3).

However, after the tightening of all the mounting nuts 19 ... Is completed, the nut runner 21 retracts and the end buzzer sounds, and the automatic operation stops. The mounting of the wheel 1 is completed (see FIG. 3).

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the design can be freely changed without departing from the scope of the invention.
When using this device, the wheel chuck part 18 moves back and forth, the nut runner 21 moves back and forth, and the nut runner body 29
The rotation around the axis of the axle S can be not only automated but also manually configured.

Further, the claw portions 23 ... Of the wheel chuck portion 18 are
It is also desirable that the foil W is gripped by coming into contact with the outer peripheral edge of the foil W by moving inward in the radial direction. Further, the number of the mounting nuts 19 ... Can be freely increased or decreased, and correspondingly, the above-mentioned 45 ° is decreased or increased to the predetermined pitch angle.

[0082]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above,
The following effects are achieved.

The wheel 1 of a large vehicle such as a truck or a bus can be easily and quickly attached / detached by one person.

Further, the attachment / detachment work can be performed safely.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a usage state.

FIG. 3 is a simplified diagram illustrating a wheel attaching / detaching process.

FIG. 4 is a simplified diagram illustrating a wheel attaching / detaching process.

FIG. 5 is a simplified diagram illustrating a wheel attaching / detaching process.

FIG. 6 is a simplified diagram illustrating a main part of a wheel.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a main part of a wheel.

FIG. 8 is a simplified diagram illustrating a wheel attaching / detaching process.

FIG. 9 is a simplified diagram illustrating a wheel attaching / detaching process.

FIG. 10 is a simplified diagram illustrating a wheel attaching / detaching process.

FIG. 11 is a simplified diagram illustrating a wheel attaching / detaching process.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Wheel 2 Bogie 3 Position Adjustment Frame 18 Wheel Chuck 19 Mounting Nut 20 Wrench Head 21 Nut Runner 33 Laser Projector R Laser Light W Wheel

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A wheel which comprises a movable carriage 2 and a position adjusting frame 3 attached to the carriage 2 so as to be movable vertically and horizontally, and which abuts against a wheel W of a wheel 1 to support the wheel 1. The chuck portion 18 is attached to the position adjusting frame 3 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, and a nut runner 21 having wrench head portions 20, 20 for screwing the mounting nuts 19 of the wheel 1 back and forth is movable in the front-rear direction. And a laser projector 33 which is attached to the position adjusting frame 3 so as to be rotatable about the axis of the wheel 1 so that the position can be switched and which emits a laser beam R for irradiating the axis of the wheel 1 to the front. Wheel attachment / detachment device.