JPH06214087A - Broad range neutron monitoring device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform a sure switching within a proportional region, and enhance the reliability in monitoring of neutron flux by judging, at monitoring the neutron flux level of a nuclear reactor, that the difference or change ratio of measurement values in starting area and intermediate output area is constant to detect the proportional region, and setting the switching point of measurement signal. CONSTITUTION:In a bread range neutron monitoring device for switching the measurement signal in starting area of neutron flux level and the measurement signal in intermediate output area according to the area of the neutron flux level to monitor the neutron flux level of a nuclear reactor, the output signal of a sensor 1 is inputted to a processing circuit 2 for starting area (pulse method) and a processing circuit 3 for intermediate output area (Cambel method), and measurement signals Sp, Sc by the respective processing circuits are inputted to a proportional range judging means 4, a switching value determining means 5, and a selection output means 6. The switching value determining means 5 outputs a signal Ss for controlling the selection output means 6 according to the set of an input means 7 within the proportional region.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wide area neutron monitoring device for monitoring a neutron flux by dividing an output signal of a neutron detector into a neutron flux level starting region and an intermediate output region for signal processing. To the intermediate output region, and to the wide area neutron monitoring device for switching from the intermediate output region to the activation region.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Since the neutron flux level of a nuclear reactor changes greatly as the reactor power rises and falls, it is difficult to cover the entire range with one type of measuring instrument. Therefore, the measurement range of the neutron flux in the reactor is divided into three regions, the startup region, the intermediate output region, and the output region, and the appropriate sensor and measurement method are used for each region. Need to switch.
It is necessary to continuously monitor the start-up region and the intermediate output region of the reactor power at the time of startup and shutdown. For this reason, it is general to use the pulse method in the starting region and the Campbell method in the intermediate output region to measure the neutron flux level at the starting time. When a typical sensor is used, the pulse method measures a range of about 10 ⁰ to 10 ⁸ nv at the neutron flux level, and the Campbell method measures a range of about 10 ⁶ to 10 ¹¹ nv at the neutron flux level. That is, in the pulse method and the Campbell method, the measurement range is neutron flux level 10 ⁶
The values overlap with each other in the range of -10 ⁸ nv, and the values measured by both measurement methods are both proportional to the neutron flux level in this range. To monitor the neutron flux level at start-up, the pulse method to the Campbell method, or the Campbell method to the pulse method in a range that has a proportional relationship with the change of the neutron flux level (hereinafter referred to as proportional range) To switch. Specifically, the measurement value output by the signal processing system that processes the output signal of the starting area sensor by the pulse method and the measurement value output by the signal processing system that processes the output signal of the intermediate output area sensor by the Campbell method. While the operator reads and, the measured value by either measuring method is selected within the proportional range and is switched to be output to the host system. In this method, a sensor capable of covering the start-up region and the intermediate output region was developed, and a wide-area neutron monitoring device (wide-range monitor) with the sensor number reduced and the system simplified using this was put to practical use. ing. In the most general wide-area neutron monitoring device, an output signal of a sensor is input to a pulse method processing circuit and a Campbell method processing circuit, and an output signal (measurement value) of each processing circuit is converted into a neutron flux level. The plant operator selects one of the output signals and switches and outputs it when the proportional range is reached while checking the converted neutron flux level. Further, for automation, a method of adding a monitor function of whether or not the switching value set in the proportional range is reached and automatically switching the output when the switching value is reached is also considered. A specific method for switching is described in the wide range monitor described in JP-A-60-73364. The relationship between the measured value by the pulse method, the measured value by the Campbell method, and the neutron flux level is as shown in FIG. 11, and the measurement by the pulse method is performed within a range in which either measured value is proportional to the neutron flux level. The value P or the measured value K of the Campbell method is selected and output to the host system. In selecting the measurement value P and the measurement value K, both measurement values are switched at a switching value set within a proportional range in which the measurement values are in a proportional relationship with the neutron flux level at the same time. Operators and maintenance personnel have empirically grasped the proportional range, and the switching value is set to the value a at approximately the midpoint of the proportional range.
Similarly, values b and c different from the value a are set within the proportional range. When switching, the value a determines whether the neutron flux level is rising or falling, and when it is rising, the value is switched from the pulse method output signal to the Campbell method output signal, and when it is falling, the value is changed. In b, the output signal of the Campbell method is switched to the output signal of the pulse method.

[0003]

The above-mentioned switching values a, b,
Since c is set within the proportional range in advance, there is no problem in switching in normal times. However, the sensor may change over time and the proportional range may change. In the Campbell method, there is a noise level in which the measured value is constant with respect to the change in the neutron flux level, but the noise level may rise due to aging of the sensor. That is, the measurable lower limit value in the Campbell method increases and the measurement range becomes narrow. In such a case, the noise level in FIG.
If it rises from (sensor: initial use) to B (sensor: after secular change), the neutron flux switching value b is included in the noise level range. That is, the switching value b becomes a neutron flux level that cannot be measured by the Campbell method. In this state,
When monitoring the decrease of the neutron flux level when the reactor is shut down, the measured value of the Campbell method does not reach the neutron flux level of the switching value b. Therefore, when the switching is automated, it may not be switched to the pulse method. In addition, the pulse method shown in FIG.
The switching value c is also included in the saturation level when the saturation level shown in (1) falls from Γ (sensor: initial time) to Δ (sensor: after aging). That is, it deviates from the measurable range of the pulse method. In this state, when the rise of the neutron flux level is monitored at startup, the measured value of the pulse method does not reach the neutron flux level of the switching value c as with the rise of the noise level. I can't switch to the law. For this reason, even if the automated method is adopted, the operator must always monitor the measured value at the time of starting or stopping the reactor, and if it does not reach the switching values b and c, it is necessary to switch manually. Inadequate system automation. The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to have a function capable of reliably switching between measurement values of the pulse method and the Campbell method even when the noise level or the saturation level fluctuates. To provide a wide area neutron monitoring device.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The above-mentioned object is to constantly monitor the measured value of the neutron flux in the start-up region and the measured value of the neutron flux in the intermediate output region, and make sure that the difference or change rate between the two is constant. A proportional range determination means for detecting a proportional range depending on whether or not, a switching value determination means for setting a switching value according to the determination result of the proportional range determination means, and a start point neutron flux level measurement signal or an intermediate value by the output of the switching point determination means. This is achieved by selective output means for selecting and outputting the measurement signal of the regional neutron flux level.

[0005]

The proportional range determination means obtains the difference or change rate between the measured value of the neutron flux level in the starting region and the measured value of the neutron flux level in the intermediate output region. If the difference or the change rate is not constant, the proportional range is determined. If it is determined that there is no difference and the difference or the rate of change is constant, it is determined that the difference or change rate is in the proportional range. The switching value determining means inputs the determination result of the proportional range determining means, sets the switching value at the time when it is determined that the proportional range is determined, and outputs the measured values of both the Campbell method and the pulse method to the selective output means. A switching signal indicating the measured value to be output is output. When the switching signal is input, the selection output means selects and outputs either the measured value of the Campbell method or the measured value of the pulse method. By such an action, the switching value is always set in the proportional range, and if the proportional range exists, the switching is surely performed.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the present invention, which is the most basic configuration of a wide area neutron monitoring device. In FIG. 1, the output signal Sa of the sensor 1 is input to a pulse method processing circuit 2 that measures the neutron flux level in the starting region and a Campbell method processing circuit 3 that measures the neutron flux level in the intermediate output region. The output signal Sp of the pulse method processing circuit 2 and the output signal Sc of the Campbell method processing circuit 3 are input to the proportional range determination device 4, the selection output device 6, and the switching value determination device 5. The output signal Sb of the proportional range determiner 4 is input to the switching value determiner 5, and the output signal Ss of the switching value determiner 5 is applied to the selection output device 6. An input device 7 is connected to the switching value determiner 5. The output signal So of the selective output device 6 is output to a safety system such as a control rod pull-out monitoring device and a control rod value minimizer as an output signal of the wide area neutron monitoring device.

The operation of the wide area neutron monitoring apparatus shown in FIG. 1 will be described. The pulse method processing circuit 2 and the Campbell method processing circuit 3 are
The output signal Sa of the sensor 1 is constantly processed, and the output signals Sp and Sc of the processing circuits of both measurement methods are always output to the proportional range determination device 4 and the selection output device 6. The proportional range determiner 4 takes in the signal Sp and the signal Sc and performs a calculation for obtaining a difference between the signal Sp and the signal Sc at the same time. First, the operation at startup will be described. FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the measured values by the output signals Sp and Sc of the pulse processing circuit 2 and the Campbell processing circuit 3 and the neutron flux level. In FIG. 7, the output signal Sp of the pulse processing circuit 2 is
Is taken as P, and the value taken by the output signal Sc of the Campbell processing circuit 3 is taken as K. Further, b indicates a switching value of the neutron flux level at which the output signal Sp of the pulse method processing circuit 2 is switched to the output signal Sc of the Campbell method processing circuit 3,
c represents a switching value of the neutron flux level at which the output signal Sc of the Campbell method processing circuit 3 is switched to the output signal Sp of the pulse method processing circuit 2. It should be noted that b'and c'represent switching values when the saturation level by the pulse method and the noise level by Campbell become one-dot chain lines as shown in the figure. At the time of starting the reactor, the contacts of the selective output device 6 are connected to α and γ. Therefore, the output signal So of the wide area neutron monitoring device is
Is equal to the output signal Sp of the pulse processing circuit 2. As shown in FIG. 7, the measured value P by the signal Sp at this time increases linearly in proportion to the increase in the neutron flux level. Also,
Measurement value K by output signal Sc of Campbell processing circuit 3
Indicates a noise level A that is a constant value regardless of changes in the neutron flux level. When the neutron flux level rises from this state and the measured value K has a proportional relationship with the neutron flux level, that is, becomes linear, the measured value K and the measured value P also reach a proportional range in which they have a proportional relationship. Since the proportional range determiner 4 constantly calculates the difference between the measured value P and the measured value K, it can detect that the proportional range has been reached when the difference between both measured values becomes constant. When the proportional range determiner 4 detects that the measured value P and the measured value K have a proportional relationship, it outputs a detection signal Sb to the switching value determiner 5. The switching value determiner 5 outputs the switching signal Ss according to the setting made by the input device 7. The setting by the input device 7 is, for example, the detection signal S
There is a delay setting from the input of b to the output of the switching signal Ss. When the switching signal Ss is input from the switching value determiner 5, the selection output device 6 sets the contacts to β and γ. As a result, the output signal So is switched from the signal Sp to the signal Sc. By such an operation, the output signal So at the time of activation becomes as shown in FIG. FIG. 8 shows that the switching signal Ss is immediately sent when the proportional range is detected by the setting of the input device 7.
Shows the change in the output signal So when the connection of the contacts of the selective output device 6 is switched from αγ to βγ. Depending on the setting of the input device 7, the switching signal Ss can be output after a specific level change after detecting the proportional range, so that it is also possible to switch the contact of the selective output device 6 at an intermediate value of the proportional range.

Next, the time when the reactor is shut down will be described. When the neutron flux level decreases from the rated operation of the reactor, the measurement value by Campbell method becomes effective. The proportional range determiner 4 obtains the difference between the measured value K of the Campbell method and the measured value P of the pulse method even when stopped, and determines that the proportional range is reached when the difference between the two becomes constant, and the signal Outputs Sb. As a result, the switching value determiner 5 outputs the signal Ss to switch the connection of the contacts of the selective output device 6 from βγ to αγ. After the switching value determiner 5 inputs the signal Sb, the signal Ss
The delay or the like until the output of can be set arbitrarily using the input device 7 as in the case of starting. When the delay is not set, the output signal So at the time of stop is as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, the noise level of the measured value K increases (for example, level A by setting the delay to zero or as small as possible).
Even if (from B to B), switching is performed when the proportional range is reached when the reactor is stopped, so that the output signal So does not include a noise level. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 8, even if the saturation level decreases (for example, from Γ to Δ), switching is performed when the proportional range is reached, so that the output signal S
The saturation level does not affect o. Further, there is no problem in switching even if the magnitude relationship between the levels of the measured value K and the measured value P in the proportional range is reversed as shown in FIG. In this case, the switching value b can be freely set within the proportional range by the input device 7, as in FIGS. 8 and 9.

FIG. 2 shows an example in which the present invention is constructed by using a microcomputer. In FIG. 2, the output signal Sa of the sensor 1 is input to the pulse method processing circuit 2 and the Campbell method processing circuit 3 as in FIG. The output signal Sp (measurement value P) of the pulse method processing circuit 2 and the output signal Sc (measurement value K) of the Campbell method processing circuit 3 are the same as those of the microcomputer 9
Is input to the analog input unit 9a. The microcomputer 9 includes a memory 9b, a digital input section 9c, a CPU 9e, a digital output section 9 in addition to the analog input section 9a.
f, an analog output section 9g and a bus 9d for connecting them. The bus 9d includes separate data lines for data and addresses. A signal Sc indicating a mode or parameter set by the input device 7 is input to the digital input section 9c. The analog output unit 9g outputs an output signal So to be output to another system. From the digital output section 9f, the output signal S represented by a digital value is output.
o'is output. For these neutron flux signals, So is used when the next-stage system is an analog system, and So ′ is used when the next-stage system is a digital system. The CPU 9e performs processing according to the program written in the memory 9b and controls the operation of each unit in the microcomputer.

An example of processing by the microcomputer 9 is shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3, and the specific processing will be described. First, the output signal Sp (measurement value P) of the pulse method processing circuit 2 and the output signal Sc (measurement value K) of the Campbell method processing circuit 3 are sampled. Here, in the sampling data shown in FIG. 3, P (n) and K (n) are measured values of each processing circuit sampled at time n, and P (n-
1) and K (n-1) are measured values of each processing circuit sampled at a time one sampling before the time n. Regarding the sampled data, the difference dp between P (n-1) and P (n) for the measured value P by the pulse method, and K (n-1) and K for the measured value K by the Campbell method.
The difference dk of (n) is obtained. Furthermore, P (n) and K
The difference M (n) of (n) is calculated. After that, depending on whether dp and dk are positive or negative, the measured value P,
The tendency of the change in K, that is, the state of the reactor is determined. Depending on the change tendency of the measured value determined here, the output signals So, S
A selection process is performed to determine whether o ′ is the signal Sp (measurement value P) or the signal Sc (measurement value K). Measured values P, K here
FIG. 4 shows the determination and processing of the change tendency of the. Since dp and dk are positive, negative, and zero, respectively, 9 cases can be considered as a combination. Figure 4 case
Although it is possible to determine the state of the reactor in Cases 1 to 6, in Cases 7 to 9 there is a change tendency that cannot occur when the sensors and signal processing system are normal, so the sensors and signals Abnormal processing such as alarm output is performed as an abnormality of the processing circuit. At the initial stage of starting the reactor, dp and dk have a case 3 relationship, the measured value K is the noise level, and the effective measured value is P. Therefore, the measured value P is output. Just do it. In case 1 showing a state where a certain amount of time has passed since the reactor was started up, it can be seen that if M (n-1) and M (n) in FIG. , Output signals So and So ′ are switched from the measured value P to the measured value K. In case 5, the measured value P reaches the saturation level after the lapse of case 1, and the measured value K
Is a valid value. In the initial stage of the reactor shutdown operation, the case 6 is output and the measured value K is output. After that, as the reactor power decreases, the case becomes 2, and M (n-1) and M (n-1)
When the proportional range is detected by the comparison of (n), the output signals So and So ′ are switched from the measured value K to the measured value P.
At the end of the reactor shutdown, the case becomes 4 and the output signals So, S
The measured value P remains o '. By storing the above processing as a program in the memory 9b,
A wide area neutron monitoring device can be easily constructed by using a microcomputer.

FIG. 5 shows an example of the configuration of a wide area neutron monitoring device having a noise level prediction function. The system of FIG. 5 is obtained by adding a noise level estimation tool 8 to the system of FIG. The noise level estimation tool 8 inputs the output signal Sp (measurement value P) of the pulse method processing circuit 2 and the output signal Sc (measurement value K) of the Campbell method processing circuit 3 and counts the usage time of the sensor. is doing. The noise level estimation tool 8 always inputs the measured value K and the measured value P and stores the noise level and the saturation level. As described above, the sensor has a change over time, and the noise level of the measured value K has a characteristic that it shifts to some extent depending on the usage time of the sensor. Therefore, the noise level may increase when the reactor is shut down as much as the operating time of the reactor, compared to when the reactor is started. In the process of shutting down the reactor, the Campbell method processing circuit 3 cannot be calibrated in advance. Therefore, if the noise level rise is predicted to some extent, the switching before the noise level becomes more reliable. Therefore, the noise level at the time of shutdown is estimated from the rise time by using the sensor, that is, the operating time of the reactor and the noise level stored at startup. Specifically, since the shift amount of the noise level of the sensor varies depending on the type of the sensor, the relation between the sensor usage time and the shift amount of the noise level is measured in advance, and this relation is used as calibration data in the noise level estimation tool 8. Enter it. Based on this calibration data, the measured value K stored at startup is compared with the elapsed time from startup, and the shift amount of the noise level at the time of stop is estimated. The noise level estimated here is output to the switching value determiner 5 as a signal Sd. The switching value determiner 5 inputs and stores the noise level estimated by the noise level estimation tool 8, and the proportional range determiner 4
Is input, the measured values P and K are compared, the levels of the measured values K and P are compared with the estimated noise level, and the contacts of the selective output device 6 are connected depending on whether or not they are within the proportional range. Switch from βγ to αγ. In this way, by confirming that the result of detecting the proportional range is higher than the estimated noise level, switching is performed to prevent the noise level from being output from the wide area neutron monitoring device with high probability. it can.

FIG. 6 shows a wide area neutron monitoring apparatus for switching the output with the permission of an operator. This is an example of a configuration in which a display device 10 for indicating the trend of measured values and the presence or absence of detection of a proportional range is added to the wide area neutron monitoring device of FIG. Although the wide-area neutron flux monitoring device shown so far basically does not require operator intervention as automatic switching, the configuration of FIG. 6 is effective when operator intervention is required.
The display device 10 displays the measured values P, K via the switching value determiner 5.
In addition to displaying the trend of measured values P and K,
It indicates that the proportional range has been reached via the switching value determiner 5 when the proportional range determiner 4 detects the proportional range and outputs the signal Sb. The input for these displays is performed through the signal Sg after converting the data for display by the switching value determiner 5.
After confirming that the proportional range has been reached, the operator inputs the permission of switching to the switching value determiner 5 as the signal Sc by the input device 7. As a result, the switching value determiner 5 outputs the signal Ss.
Is output and the contact of the selective output device 6 is switched. In addition, the input device 7 can set the mode selection between automatic switching and manual switching. Depending on the mode set here,
In the case of manual switching, it is prohibited that the switching value determiner 5 automatically outputs the signal Ss when the detection signal Sb in the proportional range is input, and the signal Ss is output only when permission is given from the input device 7. Output it. By doing so, the switching can be performed either manually or automatically, and can be adapted to the plant operation method.

Up to now, the proportional range has been measured with the measured values P (n) and K.
Although the case where the difference of (n) is obtained and detected is described, when the proportional range is detected by the change rate of the measurement value P and the measurement value K, M (n) is changed to dp (n) in the flow chart of FIG. And dk (n)
It can be realized by calculating as the difference of. Specifically, M
When (n) is zero, it can be determined that the rates of change are equal and within the proportional range.

[0014]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is confirmed that the difference between the measured values by the pulse method processing and the measured values by the Campbell method or the rate of change has reached a constant range and is output. In order to switch, the output is not switched when it is in the noise level or saturation level area,
An accurate neutron flux level that does not include noise level or saturation level can be output. Therefore, if the present invention is applied to a neutron instrumentation system of a nuclear reactor, the reliability of neutron flux level monitoring at the time of starting and shutting down the reactor is improved, and its effect is great. In addition, by adopting the noise level estimation tool, it is possible to estimate the noise level shift due to aging of the sensor and to predict the increase in the noise level to some extent, so that it is possible to switch before the noise level is reached. It can be executed reliably.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a basic configuration showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a wide-area neutron monitoring device to which a microcomputer according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 3 is a processing flow chart of the microcomputer shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a table showing determination and processing of a change tendency of measured values P and K.

FIG. 5 is a wide area neutron monitoring apparatus having a noise level estimating function according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a wide-area neutron monitoring apparatus that switches output signals with the permission of an operator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a relationship between a neutron flux level and a measured value by a pulse method and a Campbell method.

FIG. 8 shows a change in neutron flux level when switching is performed according to the present invention at the time of reactor startup.

FIG. 9 shows a change in neutron flux level when switching is performed according to the present invention when the reactor is shut down.

FIG. 10 shows a change in neutron flux level when switching is performed according to the present invention when the magnitudes of the levels measured by the pulse method and the Campbell method are reversed.

FIG. 11 is a relationship between a neutron flux level and a measurement value by a pulse method and a Campbell method showing a switching value of a conventional wide area neutron monitoring device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 sensor 2 pulse method processing circuit 3 Campbell method processing circuit 4 proportional range determiner 5 switching value determiner 6 selective output device 9 micro computer

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shoichi Matsumiya 5-2-1 Omika-cho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Hitachi Ltd. Omika Plant, Ltd. 2-2-1, Hitachi Ltd. Omika Plant (72) Inventor Akira Nishida 5-2-1 Omika-cho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture Hitachi Ltd. Omika Plant

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A wide area neutron monitoring apparatus for monitoring a neutron flux level of a nuclear reactor by switching between a measurement signal of a neutron flux level starting region and a measurement signal of an intermediate output region according to the neutron flux level region. It is determined that the difference or change rate of the measured values is constant, the switching point is determined based on the determination result, and the measurement signals of both regions are switched and output at the switching point. . 2. A neutron detector for detecting a neutron flux of a nuclear reactor, a pulse method signal processing means for outputting a first measurement value in a starting region at a neutron flux level, and a second measurement value in an intermediate output region. In a wide area neutron monitoring apparatus having a Campbell method signal processing means for outputting and monitoring the neutron flux level of a nuclear reactor, it is determined that the difference or change rate between the first measurement value and the second measurement value is constant. Then, the switching value is determined based on the determination result, and the switching value determines the first measurement value and the second value.
Wide-area neutron monitoring device characterized by switching and outputting the measured value of. 3. A neutron detector for detecting a neutron flux of a nuclear reactor, a pulse method signal processing means for outputting a first measurement value in a startup region at a neutron flux level, and a second measurement value in an intermediate output region. In a wide-area neutron monitoring device having a Campbell method signal processing means for outputting and monitoring the neutron flux level of a nuclear reactor, both the first measurement value and the second measurement value are proportional to changes in the neutron flux level. Proportional range changing means for detecting and determining a proportional range that changes dynamically, a switching value determining means for setting a switching value within the proportional range based on the result of the determination, a first measured value and a second value based on the switching value. A wide-area neutron monitoring device comprising a selective output means for switching and outputting the measured value number. 4. A neutron detector for detecting a neutron flux of a nuclear reactor, a pulse method signal processing means for outputting a first measurement value in a starting region at a neutron flux level, and a second measurement value in an intermediate output region. In a wide-area neutron monitoring apparatus having a Campbell method signal processing means for outputting and monitoring the neutron flux level of a nuclear reactor, the first measurement value and the second measurement value are constantly input, and the neutron detector Storage means for storing the noise level and the saturation level is provided, and a switching value is determined within a proportional range based on the stored contents of the storage means, and the switching value is used to determine the first measurement value and the second measurement value. Wide area neutron monitoring device characterized by switching between and outputting. 5. The display device for displaying a neutron flux level corresponding to a switching value according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and switching between the first measurement value and the second measurement value by a switching permission input. A wide-area neutron monitoring device characterized in that a permission input means for executing the above is provided.