JPH06213911A - Wind direction anemometer and measuring method for wind direction and wind velocity - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To measure a wind direction and a wind velocity without influence of icing, snow accretion, etc. CONSTITUTION:An antenna 23 for detecting a wind direction, a wind velocity, etc., is exposed out of a containing case 22 at the time of measuring, and contained in the case 22 at the time of non-measurement such as icing, snowfall, etc. The antenna 23 telescopically provided in the case 22 protrudes, vibration or load occurring at the antenna 23 by wind to be measured is measured at a plurality of components, which are calculated by an arithmetic circuit 26 having vector addition means to measure the wind direction or the wind velocity.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an anemometer and an anemometer which prevent icing and snow accretion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are mainly the following anemometers used for meteorological observation.

I) Propeller Type Anemometer FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram of a conventional propeller type anemometer.

As shown in the figure, a propeller-type anemometer 1
Is a body 5 that is rotatably provided on the support member 2 and that has a propeller 3 and a vertical stabilizer 4, and is connected to the body 5 through a cable 6 and is rotated by the wind. The number of revolutions of the propeller 3 is proportional to the wind speed. ) And a converter 7 for detecting the direction (wind direction) of the main body 5 facing the direction in which the wind blows, and a recorder 8 connected to the converter 7 for recording the wind direction and the wind speed.

Ii) Ultrasonic Anemometer FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram of a conventional ultrasonic anemometer.

As shown in the figure, an ultrasonic wind anemometer 9
Are arranged so as to cross each other on a horizontal plane, and are connected to two sensors through a cable 12 and two sets of sensors each including a transmitter 10 for transmitting ultrasonic waves and a receiver 11 for receiving ultrasonic waves. , A converter / calculator 13 for calculating a change in the propagation velocity of ultrasonic waves from the transmitter 10 to the receiver 11 due to wind
And a recorder 14 which is connected to the converter / calculator 13 and records the values of the wind direction and the wind speed.

By the way, in an overhead power transmission line, the wind direction and speed are measured for the purpose of strength design of a transmission line tower to cope with an increase in wind pressure of the electric wire due to icing, grasping wind noise of the electric wire, and the like. Has been done.

FIG. 8 is a view showing an installation condition of an anemometer in the transmission tower.

In the steel tower part, as shown in FIG. 8, the supporting member 2 of the above-mentioned propeller type anemometer 1 is installed via the holding member 15 in the vicinity of 5 to 10 m above the ground, and in the vicinity of the transmission line steel tower 16. Converter 7 in the observation hut 17 installed
Is connected to the recording medium 8 via a cable 6, and the recording data of the wind direction and the wind speed is recorded in the recorder 8.

[0010]

However, in the propeller-type anemometer described above, the movable parts such as the propeller 3 are exposed to the outside, so that the snow 1 as shown in FIG.
8 accumulates (snow) or icing (some have built-in heaters, but it is difficult to secure the power supply because the power transmission line is often a line passing through mountainous areas). Incidentally, FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which snow has landed on a propeller-type anemometer.

It has been proposed to use an ultrasonic anemometer instead of the propeller anemometer, but when observing multiple points in one area (track), the cost becomes very high. Further, it is technically difficult to use a storage battery for the power supply unit, and it is difficult to secure the power supply like the propeller-type anemometer.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a wind direction anemometer and a wind direction measuring method capable of measuring the wind direction and the wind speed without being affected by icing or snow accretion. is there.

[0013]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a sensor rod-like body for detecting wind direction and wind speed, etc., which can be inserted into and taken out of a storage case.

Further, according to the present invention, the vibration or load generated in the sensor rod-shaped body by the wind to be measured by projecting the sensor rod-shaped body which can be freely put in and taken out from the storage case is measured by a plurality of components, and this is calculated as a vector. The calculation is performed by an arithmetic circuit having a synthesizing means to measure the wind direction or the wind speed.

[0015]

According to the above construction, it is possible to receive the wind by taking out the sensor rod-shaped body from the storage case, and shielded from the wind by putting the sensor rod-shaped body in the storage case. This makes it possible to prevent snow and ice from accumulating on the sensor rod.

Further, since the vibration or load generated in the sensor rod-shaped body is measured by a plurality of components and the vectors are combined, the wind direction and the wind speed can be measured.

[0017]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of an embodiment of the wind direction anemometer of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an internal structural diagram when the wind direction anemometer shown in FIG. 1 accommodates a sensor rod. However, FIG. 2A is a top view and FIG. 2B is a side view.

In FIG. 1, an anemometer 20 is provided with a storage case 22 provided on a support member 21 attached to an iron column of a transmission line tower, and a storage case 22 that can be inserted into and removed from the storage case 22. A sensor rod-like body (hereinafter referred to as an antenna) 23 for detecting the wind, and a sensor unit 24 provided on the antenna 23 for detecting vibration due to wind (FIG. 2A).
And a converter / calculator 26 that is connected to the sensor unit 24 via a cable 25 to detect the wind direction and wind speed, and a recorder that is connected to the converter / calculator 26 and records the obtained wind direction and wind speed. And 27.

2 (a) and 2 (b), an expansion / contraction mechanism 30 including a motor 28 and a gear box 29 is provided in the storage case 22. The antenna 23 is provided in a contracted state. When the expansion / contraction mechanism 30 operates and the antenna body 30 extends, the antenna 23 is configured such that all parts above the second stage of the antenna 23 are exposed to the outside of the storage case 22. The height from 22 to the top of the antenna 23 is, for example, about 80 cm.

A pair of pickups 31 and 32 are provided orthogonally above the first stage of the antenna 23. The pickup 31 detects vibration in the x-axis direction and the pickup 32 detects vibration in the y-axis direction. It is designed to detect.
The pickups 31 and 32 are piezoelectric elements that convert the vibration of the antenna 23 into a voltage. For example, crystals such as crystal and Rochelle salt, and zircon / titanate ferrite (PZ).
Ceramic materials such as T) are used. The pickup 31 and 32 constitute the sensor unit 24.
The output of these pickups 31 and 32 is the cable 25.
It is input to the conversion / operation unit 26 in the observation cabin 33 via (see FIG. 3).

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the installation status of the wind anemometer shown in FIG. 1 in the transmission line tower.

Here, FIG. 4 shows x- shown in FIG.
The x of the antenna 23 when the wind blows in the x-axis direction in the y-coordinate system
It is a vibration spectrum when the vibration in the axial direction is measured using the wind speed as a parameter. In the figure, the horizontal axis represents frequency and the vertical axis represents vibration level. From the figure, it can be seen that the vibration level increases as the wind speed increases.

FIG. 5 is a graph in which the vertical axis represents the overall value of the spectrum shown in FIG. 4 and the horizontal axis represents the wind speed. From this figure, it is understood that there is a linear function relationship. This relationship holds not only for the wind in the x-axis direction but also for the wind in the y-axis direction. If the respective vibration levels are obtained in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction, the x component and the y component of the wind can be obtained. The converter / arithmetic unit 26 has a built-in wind direction and wind speed detection circuit that detects the wind direction and wind speed by combining these components in vector. The overall value can be obtained by using FFT (Fast Fourier Transform).

Next, the operation of the embodiment will be described.

When measuring the wind direction and speed, if the expansion mechanism 30 is operated to expose the antenna 23 to the outside of the housing case 22, the antenna 23 receives the wind and vibrates in the wind direction. , 32 are converted into voltage, and the converter / calculator 26 detects the wind direction and the wind speed and records them in the recorder 27.

At the time of non-measurement such as snowfall or severe cold season, the telescopic mechanism 30 is operated in reverse to store the antenna 23 in the storage case 22.
Since the antenna 23 is housed inside, the antenna 23 is shielded from the wind, so that snow and ice accretion on the antenna 23 can be avoided.

In the above, according to the present embodiment, since the antenna 23 for detecting the wind direction and the wind speed is provided in the storage case 22 so that it can be freely taken in and out, when the wind direction and the wind speed are measured, the antenna 23 of the antenna 23 is stored in the storage case 22. It is possible to measure the wind direction and speed by exposing it to the wind and to receive the wind, and by storing the antenna 23 in the storage case 22 during a snowfall or a severe cold season, snow or ice accretion on the antenna 23 can be obtained. Can be avoided.

In this embodiment, the height of the antenna 23 from the storage case 22 is 80 cm and the number of stages of the antenna 23 is four. However, the height is not limited to this, and the height may be changed according to the wind speed. The height of the antenna 23 is set to 80c in order to prevent it from contracting and bending due to wind, and to improve sensitivity.
The number of the antennas may be set to m or more, and the antenna 23 may be put in and taken out as one rod-shaped body, or the number of steps may be three steps or less or five steps or more.

In this embodiment, the pickups 31 and 3 are
The number of 2 is set to 1 in each of the x direction and the y direction, but the number is not limited to this, and the number may be increased to improve sensitivity.

Further, although the overall value of the vibration of the antenna 23 was obtained by using the FFT, the vibration level at a certain frequency, for example, 50 Hz may be measured and converted into the wind speed as shown in the result of FIG.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the vibration level of the antenna 23 is used to measure the wind direction and the wind speed. However, the wind sound level generated from the antenna 23 and the antenna 23 in terms of correlation with the wind. You may use wind load etc.

[0033]

In summary, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects are exhibited.

(1) In long-term meteorological observation, it is possible to stably measure the wind direction and speed without the influence of snow and ice.

(2) Since the sensor rod-shaped body is used in the part that receives the wind, it is lightweight and compact, and is easy to install and remove.

(3) The cost of the anemometer is equal to or cheaper than that of the propeller type anemometer.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of an embodiment of an anemometer of the present invention.

2A is a top view of the internal structure when the anemometer shown in FIG. 1 stores a sensor rod-shaped body, and FIG. 2B is a side view thereof.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an installation situation of a wind direction anemometer shown in FIG. 1 in a transmission line tower.

FIG. 4 is a vibration spectrum when the vibration in the x-axis direction of the antenna body when the wind blows in the x-axis direction in the xy coordinate system shown in FIG. 2A is measured by using the wind speed as a parameter.

5 is a diagram in which the overall value of the spectrum shown in FIG. 4 is plotted on the vertical axis and the wind speed is plotted on the horizontal axis.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram of a conventional propeller-type anemometer.

FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram of a conventional ultrasonic anemometer.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a state of installation of a conventional anemometer in a transmission line tower.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state in which snow has fallen on a conventional propeller-type anemometer.

[Explanation of symbols]

 20 Wind direction anemometer 21 Support member 22 Storage case 23 Sensor rod 24 Sensor part 25 Cable 26 Conversion / calculator 27 Recorder 28 Motor 29 Gear box 30 Expansion mechanism 31, 32 Pickup 33 Observation hut

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yutaka Tadokoro 1-35-26 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Inside Engineering and Meteorological Research Institute (72) Inventor Shigemi Iwama 5-1-1 Hidakacho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture No. 1 Inside the Power System Research Laboratory, Hitachi Cable, Ltd. (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Shimoshima 5-1-1 Hidakacho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture Inside the Power System Laboratory, Hitachi Cable Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A sensor rod-shaped body for detecting wind direction and wind speed,
An anemometer that is provided so that it can be freely taken in and out of the storage case. 2. The wind direction wind speed according to claim 1, wherein the sensor rod-like body has a sensor unit for receiving a wind to be measured when it protrudes from the storage case and measuring a generated vibration or the like. Total. 3. The vibration or load generated in the sensor rod by the wind to be measured by projecting a sensor rod which is provided so as to be able to be taken in and out of the storage case, and measuring the vibration or the load with a plurality of components, and using this as vector combining means. A method for measuring wind direction and wind speed, which comprises measuring the wind direction or wind speed by calculating with a calculation circuit provided.