JPH06203706A - Puffer type gas blast circuit breaker - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a small size puffer type gas blast circuit breaker, with which a high breaking performance is obtained with a small drive force by utilizing effectively the light energy emitted from arcs at the time of breaking. CONSTITUTION:A stationary contact piece 2 and a movable contact piece 1 are provided as capable of approaching and separating, and at a puffer cylinder 6 or puffer piston 7 of this movable contact piece 1, a sublimating suibstance layer 17 is furnished in a part which does not contribute to the slide at the time this circuit breaker conducts the opening and closing motions and on an operational rod 5 a light-transmissive part 5c made of a light-transmissive substance is provided on the line tying the sublimating substance layer 7 to the part of arc 13 generation when the current shut-off motions are conducted. The light energy generated with the arcs passes the light-transmissive part 5c from the arcs and is cast upon the sublimating substance layer 7. The substance is heated to make sublimation. and the inner pressure of a puffer chamber 11 is raised.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a puffer type gas circuit breaker.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art With the increase in capacity of power generation systems, the breaking capacity required for circuit breakers used in substations and switching stations has increased, and high reliability has been required. In order to increase the reliability of the circuit breaker, it is important to reduce the number of parts and simplify the structure. Therefore, it is required to reduce the number of circuit breakers and increase the circuit breaking capacity per one point of the circuit breaker.

By the way, for high transmission voltage, a puffer type SF6 gas circuit breaker is mainly used. This is due to the excellent breaking performance and insulating performance of SF6 gas, but such a puffer type gas circuit breaker
It is especially used in a closed gas switchgear where the entire equipment of a substation is insulated with SF6 gas, because it has great advantages in insulation coordination with other equipment or arrangement of equipment.

In such a puffer type gas circuit breaker, it is necessary to increase the gas blowing pressure in order to improve the breaking performance. Therefore, it is conceivable to use a large puffer cylinder to open the puffer cylinder at a high speed so that the gas in the puffer chamber has a high pressure and to blow the gas on the arc to increase the breaking capacity.

However, in the above method, since the puffer cylinder is large and the contacts are opened at high speed, it is necessary to enlarge the entire arc-extinguishing chamber and the drive unit, which is economical in manufacturing and operating the circuit breaker. Lost sex.

As a method of suppressing such economic loss and effectively increasing the gas pressure in the puffer chamber, a method of utilizing the thermal energy of the arc is currently proposed. If this heat energy is skillfully used, the gas pressure in the puffer chamber can be increased and strong gas spraying can be obtained, so that the blocking performance can be improved.

An example of such a puffer type gas circuit breaker will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a closed state of the arc-extinguishing chamber, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an initial state of the contact opening operation for interrupting current, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a state after the contact opening operation.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the puffer type gas circuit breaker, a fixed contact portion 1 and a movable contact portion 2 are provided so as to be able to come into contact with and separate from an arc extinguishing chamber filled with an arc extinguishing gas. . The fixed contactor portion 1 is composed of a fixed energizing contactor 3 and a fixed arc contactor 4 provided on the outer periphery thereof. The fixed energizing contact 3 is inserted into an insulating nozzle 10 and a movable arc contact 8 which will be described later.

On the other hand, in the movable contact portion 2, a movable arc contact 8 is provided at the tip of the puffer cylinder 6, and an insulating nozzle 10 and a movable energizing contact 9 are concentrically arranged on the outer periphery thereof. At the center of the puffer cylinder 6, an operation rod 5 connected to a mechanism (not shown) is fixed. The operating rod 5 is linearly driven by the driving force of the mechanism portion in either the closing direction (left side in the drawing) or the opening direction (right side in the drawing). A puffer piston 7 is inserted inside the puffer cylinder 6, and a space surrounded by the puffer piston 7 and the puffer cylinder 2 is a puffer chamber 11. A hollow portion 5b is formed in the operating rod 5, and a communication hole 5a is opened at the end of the outer peripheral surface in the opening direction. The communication hole 5a allows the hollow portion 5b to communicate with the puffer chamber 11 in the initial opening operation and with the gas space in the arc extinguishing chamber in the latter opening operation.

In the opening operation of the puffer type gas circuit breaker configured as described above, the puffer cylinder 6 fixed to the operation rod 5 is moved by moving the operation rod 5 to the left.
Moves with respect to the puffer piston 7, and the puffer chamber 11
Is compressed, the arc-extinguishing gas inside the puffer chamber 11 is guided to the insulating nozzle 10 and is sprayed between the movable arc contact 8 and the fixed arc contact 4 that are opened, thereby extinguishing the arc. . In this case, first, the fixed energizing contactor 3 and the movable energizing contactor 9 are separated, and subsequently, the fixed arc contactor 4 and the movable arc contactor 8 are separated. At the time of this separation, an arc 13 is generated between the fixed arc contactor 4 and the movable arc contactor 8. The thermal energy due to this arc expands into a gas flow 12, which flows outward from the opening between the nozzle 10 and the fixed arc contactor 4.
a and a gas flow 1 flowing from the arc toward the hollow portion of the rod
2b, and between the movable arc contact 8 and the insulating nozzle 10 flows as a gas flow 12c that flows backward into the puffer chamber 11.

Here, as shown in FIG. 5, in the initial stage of the opening operation, the hollow portion 5b of the operating rod 5 has a communication hole 5a.
It is communicated with the puffer chamber 11 via. Also, the gas inside the puffer chamber 11 is not yet sufficiently compressed,
Therefore, the pressure is not rising so much. Further, since the distance between the electrodes is not yet sufficiently separated, the gas flow 12a from the arc 13 hardly flows, and there is no interruption ability. In this state, the gas flow from the arc 13 becomes the gas flow 12b passing through the hollow portion 5b of the rod 5, and suddenly flows into the puffer chamber 11 via the hole 5a. With this gas flow 12b, heat can be effectively obtained in the puffer chamber 11. This is the puffer piston 7 and puffer cylinder 6
In addition to the original compression operation of, the pressure inside the puffer chamber 11 rises. After that, the gas inside the puffer chamber 11 is sufficiently compressed, and the compressed gas flow 12a is blown between the electrodes in a state where the distance between the electrodes is sufficiently separated to extinguish the arc.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, in the latter stage of the opening operation, when the communication hole 5a is moved to the rear position from the inner diameter end 7a of the puffer piston 7 by the movement of the operation rod 5, the operation rod hollow portion 5b is , Is communicated with the gas space of the arc extinguishing chamber through the communication hole 5a. Therefore, the hollow portion 5b of the operating rod 5 is opened to the surrounding gas space, and the heat from the arc is radiated. In such a state, the nozzle 1
Since the gap between 0 and the fixed arc contactor 4 is also sufficiently opened, the gas flow 12a can also sufficiently flow and the current can be interrupted. Further, the heat taken into the puffer chamber 11 is almost evenly dispersed in the cylinder, so that the high pressure continues until the end of the opening operation. Therefore, a high-speed gas flow is blown to the arc for a long time, so that a high breaking performance can be obtained.

[0013]

However, in the above-mentioned prior art, the energy applied from the arc is applied not only as thermal energy but also as light energy. Since the light energy has the property of traveling straight, it cannot easily enter the puffer chamber 11 due to the structure of the arc extinguishing chamber, and is absorbed by the members around the arc to heat them. Therefore, a part of the energy from the arc cannot be used to raise the temperature of the gas, resulting in wasted energy, which causes a reduction in the overall efficiency.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and its purpose is to effectively utilize the light energy emitted from the arc at the time of interruption, thereby reducing the driving force. It is an object of the present invention to provide a small puffer type gas circuit breaker that can obtain high breaking performance.

[0015]

In order to achieve the above object, in the invention according to claim 1, a fixed contact portion having a fixed arc contact in a container filled with an arc extinguishing gas, and an operating rod. And a movable contactor portion having a movable arc contactor and a puffer chamber constituted by a puffer piston and a puffer cylinder arranged around the puffer chamber and the puffer cylinder are provided so as to be separable from each other, and gas is generated by compressing the puffer chamber. Arc is extinguished by cooling the arc generated from the arc generator when compressed and supplied to the contact / separation part between the fixed contact part and the movable contact part and the circuit breaker performs the current opening operation. In the puffer-type gas circuit breaker, at least one of the puffer cylinder and the puffer piston is provided with a layer of a sublimable substance at a portion that does not contribute to sliding when the circuit breaker opens and closes. A part of the operation rod is provided with a light-transmissive portion made of a light-transmissive material, and when the circuit breaker performs the current interruption operation, the arc generation portion and the sublimable material layer are connected on a line. It is characterized in that the light transmissive portion is located.

According to the invention described in claim 2,
An operating rod having a hollow portion is provided as a driving means of the puffer cylinder described above, and a communication hole with the outside is formed in the hollow portion of the operation rod, and the communication hole has a puffer chamber and an opening electrode at an initial opening operation. It is characterized in that it is configured to communicate with the container in the latter half of the operation.

[0017]

In the puffer type gas circuit breaker according to the present invention having the above-mentioned structure, the light energy emitted from the arc in the initial stage of the opening operation is taken into the puffer chamber through the light transmitting portion of the operating rod. By irradiating the sublimable substance layer provided on the inner wall of the puffer cylinder or puffer piston with this light energy, the sublimable substance is heated and vaporized to increase the pressure in the puffer chamber.
Therefore, the pressure in the puffer chamber can be efficiently increased by adding to the original compression operation of the puffer piston and the puffer cylinder and utilizing the energy emitted from the arc. In the invention according to claim 2, both the thermal energy and the light energy emitted from the arc can be used with high efficiency, and the mechanical driving force is reduced.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of an arc extinguishing chamber of a puffer type gas circuit breaker according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a closed state of the arc-extinguishing chamber of the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an initial opening operation for current interruption, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a latter half of the opening operation. Members having the same functions as those of the conventional puffer type gas circuit breaker are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 1, the tip end surface of the puffer piston 7 forming the inner wall of the puffer chamber 11 is iodine, C
It is composed of a sublimable substance layer 17 such as 10H16O.
A part of the operating rod 5 has a light-transmitting portion 5c made of a light-transmitting substance such as amorphous PTFE. In the initial stage of the contact opening operation, as shown in FIG. 2, the light transmissive portion 5c is arranged on the line connecting the arc 13 and the sublimable substance layer 17. That is, the light transmitting portion 5
c and the sublimable material layer 17 and the arc 13 are positioned on a straight line. On the other hand, in the latter stage of the opening operation, as shown in FIG. 3, the light transmissive portion 5c is configured so as to be located off the line.

The action and effect of the puffer type gas circuit breaker of this embodiment constructed as described above are as follows. That is, when the operating rod 5 is moved to the left side, an opening operation for cutting off the current occurs, and the arc 13 generated thereby is emitted as heat energy and light energy. In the initial stage of the contact opening operation shown in FIG. 2, the thermal energy becomes a high temperature gas flow 12b and flows into the puffer chamber 11 from the communication hole 5a to increase the gas pressure in the puffer chamber 11. Further, the light energy 14 goes straight according to the nature of light, and the light transmitting portion 5 provided in a part of the operation rod 5 is provided.
After passing through c and entering the puffer chamber 11, the sublimable substance layer 17 on the tip surface of the puffer piston 7 is irradiated. As a result, the sublimable substance layer 17 is heated to start sublimation. At this time, since the expansion coefficient of the volume when the state changes from solid to gas is extremely large, the pressure in the puffer chamber is increased even with a slight amount of sublimation.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, in the latter stage of the opening operation, the movement of the operating rod 5 causes the high temperature gas flow 1 to flow.
2b is discharged to the gas space of the arc extinguishing chamber. Further, since the light-transmissive portion 5c on the end face of the operation rod 5 also moves, the light-transmissive portion 5c deviates from the line connecting the arc and the sublimable substance layer 17. Therefore, the sublimable substance layer 17 provided on the inner surface of the puffer piston 7 is not irradiated with the light energy emitted from the arc. As described above, both the thermal energy and the light energy do not act to increase the pressure in the puffer chamber, and the gas pressure in the puffer chamber 11 is prevented from rising excessively.

Since the sublimable substance layer 17 is irradiated with the light energy from the arc for about 10 msec, the sublimation amount of the sublimable substance is very small.
Therefore, the gas compression characteristic is not affected by the volume change of the puffer chamber 11 due to sublimation.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the gas pressure in the puffer chamber 11 can be efficiently increased by effectively utilizing both the thermal energy and the light energy from the arc generated by the opening. As a result, the mechanical driving force can be reduced, and therefore the entire device can be downsized and downsized.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the specific shapes of the respective members, or the mounting positions and methods of the respective members can be appropriately changed. Further, in the embodiment, the sublimable substance is provided on the inner wall of the puffer piston, but in the initial stage of the opening operation, the arc generating portion, the light transmitting portion of the operating rod, and the sublimable substance are arranged so as to be substantially aligned. In this case, the same effect can be obtained even if the sublimable substance is provided on the inner wall of the puffer cylinder.

Further, although the light energy is used together with the heat energy in the embodiment, the puffer type gas circuit breaker may be constructed so as to use only the light energy of the arc depending on the shape of the operating rod. The pressure in the chamber can be efficiently raised, and the same effect as that of the embodiment can be obtained.

[0026]

As described above, in the present invention, by providing the sublimable substance layer in the puffer chamber and the light transmissive substance in the operating rod, the light energy at the time of arc generation can be effectively utilized. As a result, it is possible to provide a puffer-type gas circuit breaker capable of reducing the mechanical driving force, having a small size, high breaking performance, and excellent economical efficiency.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a closed state of an embodiment of a puffer type gas circuit breaker of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an initial opening operation of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the latter half of the opening operation of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a closed state of an example of a conventional puffer type gas circuit breaker.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an initial stage of the contact opening operation of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the latter stage of the opening operation of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fixed contact part 2 ... Movable contact part 3 ... Fixed energization contact 4 ... Fixed arc contact 5 ... Operation rod 5a ... Operation rod hole 5b ... Operation rod hollow part 5c ... Light transmissive part 6 ... Puffer cylinder 7 ... Puffer piston 7a ... Puffer piston end 8 ... Movable arc contact 9 ... Movable energizing contact 10 ... Insulation nozzle 11 ... Puffer chamber 12 ... Gas flow 12a, 12b, 12c ... Hot gas flow 13 ... Arc 14 ... Light energy 17 ... Sublimable substance layer

Continued Front Page (72) Inventor Eiichi Hagimori 1-1-1 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Inside Toshiba Head Office

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A container, which is filled with an arc-extinguishing gas, has a fixed contact portion having a fixed arc contact, a puffer chamber composed of an operating rod and a puffer piston and a puffer cylinder arranged around the operation rod. A movable contact portion having a movable arc contactor is provided so as to be contactable and separable, and compressed gas is supplied to the contacting and separating portion between the fixed contact portion and the movable contact portion by compressing the puffer chamber, In a puffer type gas circuit breaker in which arc is extinguished by cooling the arc generated when the circuit breaker performs current breaking operation, when the circuit breaker opens and closes at least one of the puffer cylinder or puffer piston. Is provided with a layer of a sublimable substance, and a part of the operating rod is provided with a light-transmitting portion made of a light-transmitting substance. A puffer-type gas circuit breaker, characterized in that the light-transmissive portion is located on a line connecting the arc generation portion and the sublimable substance layer when performing the current interruption operation. 2. An operating rod having a hollow portion is provided as a driving means of the puffer cylinder, and a communicating hole with the outside is formed in the hollow portion of the operating rod, and the communicating hole forms a puffer chamber at the initial stage of the blocking operation. The puffer type gas circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the puffer type gas circuit breaker is configured to communicate with the container in the latter half of the shutoff operation.