JPH06198736A - Design for recording medium storage case, manufacture of stripe forming cylinder - Google Patents

Design for recording medium storage case, manufacture of stripe forming cylinder

Info

Publication number
JPH06198736A
JPH06198736A JP31097892A JP31097892A JPH06198736A JP H06198736 A JPH06198736 A JP H06198736A JP 31097892 A JP31097892 A JP 31097892A JP 31097892 A JP31097892 A JP 31097892A JP H06198736 A JPH06198736 A JP H06198736A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
design
storage case
cylinder
recording medium
forming cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
JP31097892A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shuji Azuma
修二 東
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TDK Corp
Original Assignee
TDK Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TDK Corp filed Critical TDK Corp
Priority to JP31097892A priority Critical patent/JPH06198736A/en
Publication of JPH06198736A publication Critical patent/JPH06198736A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make a design and a stripe-press line simultaneously on a plane sheet as a raw material of a recording medium storage case at the time of extrusion molding. CONSTITUTION:A groove or a hole 8 is formed in the body of a cylinder 10 which molds by extruding molten plastic a plane sheet as a raw material of a recording medium storage case. The base 22 of a stripe press blade 20 is inserted into the groove or the hole to be fixed there. In this way, the cylinder 10 can be easily equipped with a projection 12 for design making and others.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明はテープカセット、フロッ
ピーディスク等の記録媒体用収納ケースの意匠、筋成形
シリンダーの製造方法に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a design of a storage case for a recording medium such as a tape cassette and a floppy disk, and a method for manufacturing a streak forming cylinder.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、磁気テープ等の記録媒体はその表
面に塵埃が付いたり、表面を傷付けたりすると記録が喪
失し、誤記録、誤表示等を行うようになる。そこで、オ
ーディオ、ビデオ等のテープカセットやフロッピーディ
スク等では不使用時にプラスチック、紙等のケースに収
納して保護している。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a recording medium such as a magnetic tape is dusted or scratched on its surface, the recording is lost and erroneous recording or erroneous display is performed. Therefore, when not in use, a tape cassette for audio and video, a floppy disk or the like is stored in a case made of plastic, paper or the like for protection.

【0003】このような収納ケースとして、例えばプラ
スチック製のスリーブ型収納ケースを組み立てる場合、
最初原反メーカーが溶融状態のプラスチックをシリンダ
ーで押し出し成形し、大きな正方形状又は長方形状の平
板シートを形成する。このシートは加工メーカーへ輸送
される。加工メーカーでは片面に意匠等の印刷を施した
後、打抜き刃及び筋押し刃を配設した金型の定盤上に載
せ、平板シートからブランクスを一度に多数枚打ち抜
き、筋押しする。その際、各ブランクスの外形が収納ケ
ースを展開した図の輪郭線に沿って切断され、打ち抜か
れると同時に、筋押しにより製凾に必要な折曲用の溝が
形成される。このブランクスを製凾機に投入し、折り曲
げを行いながら所定箇所を重畳、溶着すると、収納ケー
スを組み立てることができる。
[0003] As such a storage case, for example, when assembling a plastic sleeve type storage case,
First, a raw material manufacturer extrudes a molten plastic with a cylinder to form a large square or rectangular flat sheet. This sheet is shipped to the processing manufacturer. A processing maker prints a design or the like on one side, and then places it on a surface plate of a die having a punching blade and a pushing blade, punches a large number of blanks from a flat sheet at one time, and pushes them. At that time, the outer shape of each blank is cut along the contour line of the expanded view of the storage case and punched, and at the same time, a groove for bending necessary for manufacturing is formed by pushing a muscle. The storage case can be assembled by placing the blanks in a scissor making machine and stacking and welding predetermined portions while bending them.

【0004】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、このよ
うに原反メーカーから加工メーカーへ原反たる平板シー
トを輸送し、加工を行うと、工程数も多く、輸送コスト
もかかるので、それ等が製品のコスト高につながる。そ
こで、現在では加工メーカーが意匠を印刷して施す代わ
りに原反メーカーが意匠成形シリンダーを用いて押し出
し成形することにより、そのシート表面に粗さの違いを
形成して意匠効果を持たせる方法が行われている。
However, if the original flat sheet is transported from the original fabric manufacturer to the processing manufacturer and processed as described above, the number of steps is large and the transportation cost is high. Leading to higher costs. Therefore, at present, there is a method of forming a difference in roughness on the surface of a sheet to give a design effect by extruding a raw fabric manufacturer by using a design forming cylinder instead of printing and applying the design by a processing maker. Has been done.

【0005】確かに、この方法によると加工メーカーが
印刷をしないことで加工工程が1つ減る。しかし、輸送
に必要な負担はあまり変わらないばかりか、原反成形時
に一旦意匠を施すと、意匠はメーカー毎に異なる特殊な
ものであるため、その後限定した取り扱いが必要にな
り、徹底した管理方法を取らなければならない。そこ
で、押し出し成形時に意匠を施すだけでなく、更に筋押
し、打ち抜き等を行ってブランクスを形成することが考
えられる。筋押しを行うには、筋押し刃を有するシリン
ダーを用いればよい。
Certainly, according to this method, the processing maker does not print, so that one processing step is reduced. However, not only does the burden required for transportation not change much, but once a design is applied at the time of forming the original fabric, the design is a special one that differs from manufacturer to manufacturer. I have to take it. Therefore, it is conceivable that not only the design is applied at the time of extrusion molding, but also the blanks are formed by further performing scoring and punching. To perform muscle pushing, a cylinder having a muscle pushing blade may be used.

【0006】このようなシリンダーの胴体に0.3mm
以上の筋押し刃を設ける方法として、ミイーリング(切
削)加工や腐食加工の方法がある。いずれも、ロールを
削るか、彫って筋押し刃の部分を高くする方法である。
しかし、これ等の方法ではロールの低い部分(筋押し刃
以外の部分)はシートの表面に意匠を施せるような凹凸
面とはならず荒れてしまう。しかも、その部分に均一に
凹凸を施すような仕上げをしようとしても筋押し刃があ
るため行えない。それ故、意匠の成形と筋押しとを同一
シリンダーで行えないという不都合がある。
0.3 mm in the body of such a cylinder
As a method of providing the above-mentioned muscle pushing blade, there are methods of milling (cutting) processing and corrosion processing. In either case, the roll is either scraped or carved to increase the height of the muscle pressing blade.
However, with these methods, the low roll portion (the portion other than the ridge pushing blade) does not become an uneven surface that can be designed on the surface of the sheet and becomes rough. In addition, even if an attempt is made to finish the portion so that it is uneven, it cannot be done because of the piercing blade. Therefore, there is an inconvenience that it is not possible to perform design molding and scoring with the same cylinder.

【0007】本発明はこのような従来の問題点に着目し
てなされたものであり、記録媒体用収納ケースの素材と
なる平板シートの押し出し成形時に、そのシートに意匠
と筋押し線とを同時に施せるシリンダーの製造方法を提
供することを目的とする。
The present invention has been made by paying attention to such a conventional problem, and at the time of extrusion molding of a flat sheet which is a material of a storage case for a recording medium, a design and a muscle pushing line are simultaneously formed on the sheet. An object is to provide a method for manufacturing a cylinder that can be applied.

【0008】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、本発明による記録媒体用収納ケースの意匠、筋成形
シリンダーの製造方法では、溶融状態のプラスチック材
料を押し出し、記録媒体用収納ケースの素材となる平板
シートを成形するシリンダー10の胴体に溝或いは穴1
8を設け、そこに筋押し刃20の基部22を差し込んで
装着する。
In order to achieve the above object, in the design of the storage case for a recording medium and the method for manufacturing a streak forming cylinder according to the present invention, a molten plastic material is extruded to form a storage case for a recording medium. Grooves or holes 1 in the body of the cylinder 10 for forming the flat sheet as the material
8 is provided, and the base portion 22 of the muscle pushing blade 20 is inserted therein and attached.

【0009】[0009]

【作用】上記のように構成し、シリンダー10の胴体に
溝あるいは穴18を設け、そこに筋押し刃20の基部2
2を差し込んで装着すると、先にシリンダー10の胴体
の所定箇所にミイーリング加工や腐食加工等によって意
匠成形突起12等を施し、後で他の所定箇所に溝或いは
穴18を設け、そこに筋押し刃20の基部22を差し込
んで装着できるため、記録媒体用収納ケースの素材とな
る平板シートの成形時に、意匠34と筋押し線36とを
同時に施せる。
With the above structure, the body of the cylinder 10 is provided with a groove or hole 18 in which the base portion 2 of the muscle pressing blade 20 is provided.
When 2 is inserted and installed, design forming projections 12 and the like are first provided at predetermined locations of the body of the cylinder 10 by milling processing, corrosion processing, etc., and later, grooves or holes 18 are provided at other predetermined locations, and creases are made there. Since the base portion 22 of the blade 20 can be inserted and mounted, the design 34 and the muscle pushing line 36 can be applied at the same time when the flat sheet that is the material of the recording medium storage case is formed.

【0010】[0010]

【実施例】以下、添付図面に基づいて、本発明の実施例
を説明する。図1は本発明を適用した記録媒体用収納ケ
ースの意匠、筋成形シリンダーの構造の特徴を示す要部
の断面図である。図中、10は意匠、筋成形シリンダ
ー、12はその胴体表面に設けたエンボス成形突起、1
4は鏡面成形突起、16は筋押し刃装着台成形突起であ
る。又、18はその筋押し刃装着台成形突起16に設け
た溝或いは穴、20はその溝或いは穴18に基部22を
差し込んで装着した筋押し刃である。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing the design of a storage case for a recording medium to which the present invention is applied and the features of the structure of a streak forming cylinder. In the figure, 10 is a design, a streak forming cylinder, 12 is an embossing projection provided on the body surface, 1
Reference numeral 4 is a mirror surface forming projection, and 16 is a muscle pressing blade mounting base forming projection. Further, reference numeral 18 is a groove or hole provided in the projection for mounting the muscular push blade mounting base 16, and 20 is a muscular push blade fitted with the base portion 22 inserted into the groove or hole 18.

【0011】このような意匠、筋成形シリンダー10を
製造するには、先ずシリンダー10の胴体表面の鏡面成
形突起14や筋押し刃装着台成形突起16等を設ける箇
所にマスキングをする。次に、腐食加工を施す。する
と、図2に示すようにマスキング24で覆った箇所を除
くその他の箇所に、意匠を形成するエンボス成形突起1
2を設けることができる。
In order to manufacture such a design and streak forming cylinder 10, first, masking is performed on the surface of the body of the cylinder 10 where the mirror surface forming projection 14 and the streak blade mounting base forming projection 16 are provided. Next, corrosion processing is performed. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the embossing protrusion 1 for forming a design is formed on other portions except the portion covered with the masking 24.
2 can be provided.

【0012】次に、マスキング24を取り除き、図3に
示すように筋押し刃装着台成形突起16の中央部に、筋
押し刃18の基部22を差し込む溝或いは穴18を設け
る。なお、ミイーリング加工によってエンボス成形突起
12を形成する場合には鏡面成形突起14や筋押し刃装
着台成形突起16等を設ける箇所を除いて切削加工を施
せばよいのでマスキング24を必要としない。
Next, the masking 24 is removed, and as shown in FIG. 3, a groove or hole 18 into which the base portion 22 of the muscle pressing blade 18 is inserted is provided in the central portion of the muscle pressing blade mounting base forming projection 16. When the embossing molding projections 12 are formed by the milling processing, the masking 24 is not required because the cutting processing may be performed except the portions where the mirror surface molding projections 14, the ridge presser mounting table molding projections 16 and the like are provided.

【0013】このようにして、意匠、筋成形シリンダー
の胴体に、例えばビデオテープカセット用スリーブ型収
納ケースの筋押し刃装着用溝を設けると、図4に示すよ
うになる。図中、26は意匠、筋成形シリンダー、28
はその胴体の表面中央部に設けた筋押し刃装着溝、30
は回転軸である。なお、図ではエンボス成形突起や鏡面
成形突起等を省略して示している。次に、図5に示すよ
うにその溝28に対し、先に製作しておいた筋押し刃3
2を装着し、意匠、筋成形シリンダー26を完成する。
In this way, when the design and the body of the streak forming cylinder are provided with the groove for mounting the streak pressing blade of the sleeve type storage case for the video tape cassette, for example, as shown in FIG. In the figure, 26 is a design, a streak forming cylinder, 28
Is a groove for attaching a pushing blade, which is provided in the center of the surface of the body,
Is the axis of rotation. It should be noted that, in the drawing, the embossing molding projections and the mirror surface molding projections are omitted. Next, as shown in FIG. 5, with respect to the groove 28, the muscle pushing blade 3 previously manufactured
2 is attached and the design and the streak forming cylinder 26 are completed.

【0014】成形時、成形機の出口に取り付けたTダイ
(図示なし)から溶融状態のプラスチック例えばポリプ
ロピレン樹脂を平板状に押し出し、意匠、筋成形シリン
ダー26と対になるエンボスロール(図示なし)の間を
通し、平板シートを成形する。その際、意匠、筋成形シ
リンダー26にTDKの文字成形突起(図示なし)等を
設けておくと、平板シートの表面に図6に示すような意
匠34と筋押し線36とを同時に施せる。しかも、平板
シートの裏面にはエンボスロールにより全面にエンボス
を施せる。なお、筋押し線36として表面には深い折曲
用の溝ができる。
At the time of molding, a molten plastic such as polypropylene resin is extruded into a flat plate shape from a T die (not shown) attached to the outlet of the molding machine, and a design and an embossing roll (not shown) paired with the streak forming cylinder 26 are formed. A flat sheet is formed through the space. At this time, if the design, the streak forming cylinder 26 is provided with TDK character forming projections (not shown), etc., the design 34 and the press line 36 as shown in FIG. Moreover, the back surface of the flat sheet can be embossed on the entire surface by an embossing roll. In addition, a groove for deep bending is formed on the surface as the muscle pushing line 36.

【0015】更に、意匠、筋成形シリンダー26の後方
に打抜き刃を備えたシリンダー(図示なし)を設置す
る。すると、一貫工程にて平板シートの成形、意匠付
与、筋押しの後、平板シートを打ち抜き、図7に示すよ
うなブランクス38を効率良く製造できる。なお、打抜
き用シリンダーと対になる加圧ロールには打抜き刃と相
対する箇所に凹所を設けておく。
Further, a cylinder (not shown) provided with a punching blade is installed behind the design and streak forming cylinder 26. Then, after the flat sheet is formed, the design is imparted, and the lines are pressed in the integrated process, the flat sheet is punched out, and the blanks 38 as shown in FIG. 7 can be efficiently manufactured. The pressure roller paired with the punching cylinder is provided with a recess at a position facing the punching blade.

【0016】このブランクス38を製凾機に投入し、折
り曲げを行いながら対応するフラップ同士を適宜重畳
し、溶着して両側面を形成すると、ビデオテープカセッ
ト収納用のスリーブ型ケースの組み立てが完成する。な
お、40は上面板、42は底面板、44は背面板、46
(46a、46b)は表側面フラップ、48(48a、
48b)は裏側面フラップ、50(50b、50b)は
耳フラップである。
The blanks 38 are put into a scissor machine, and the corresponding flaps are appropriately overlapped with each other while being bent and welded to form both side surfaces, whereby the assembly of the sleeve type case for storing the video tape cassette is completed. . In addition, 40 is a top plate, 42 is a bottom plate, 44 is a back plate, 46
(46a, 46b) are front side flaps, 48 (48a,
48b) is a back side flap and 50 (50b, 50b) is an ear flap.

【0017】図8は本発明を適用した他のビデオテープ
カセット用スリーブ型収納ケースの筋押し刃装着穴を設
けた意匠、筋成形シリンダーを示す斜視図である。図
中、52は意匠、筋成形シリンダー、54はその胴体表
面中央部に設けた筋押し刃装着穴、56は回転軸であ
る。この筋押し刃装着穴54は上記実施例における筋押
し刃装着溝28に相当する箇所に沿って適宜数分配して
設ける。
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing another design, a streak forming cylinder, in which another streak blade mounting hole of a sleeve type storage case for a video tape cassette to which the present invention is applied is provided. In the figure, reference numeral 52 is a design, a streak forming cylinder, 54 is a pusher blade mounting hole provided at the center of the body surface, and 56 is a rotating shaft. The muscle pushing blade mounting holes 54 are provided by appropriately distributing a number along the portions corresponding to the muscle pushing blade mounting grooves 28 in the above-described embodiment.

【0018】[0018]

【発明の効果】以上説明した本発明によれば、シリンダ
ーの胴体に溝或いは穴を設け、そこに筋押し刃の基部を
差し込んで装着するため、その他の箇所に意匠成形突起
等を施し易く、記録媒体用収納ケースの素材となる平板
シートの押し出し成形時に、そのシートに意匠と筋押し
を同時に施すことが可能になる。
According to the present invention described above, a groove or a hole is provided in the body of the cylinder, and the base of the muscle pushing blade is inserted therein to be mounted, so that it is easy to give design molding protrusions or the like to other places, When a flat sheet, which is a material for a storage case for a recording medium, is extrusion-molded, the sheet can be simultaneously subjected to design and muscle pushing.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明を適用した記録媒体用収納ケースの意
匠、筋成形シリンダーの構造の特徴を示す要部の断面図
である。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts showing the design of a storage medium storage case to which the present invention is applied and the features of the structure of a streak forming cylinder.

【図2】同意匠、筋成形シリンダーの腐食加工によるエ
ンボス成形突起形成状態を示す要部の断面図である。
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a state in which embossed molding projections are formed by a corroborative design and a corroding process of a muscle forming cylinder.

【図3】同意匠、筋成形シリンダーの筋押し刃装着溝或
いは穴形成状態を示す要部の断面図である。
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a state in which a groove for forming a scoring blade or a hole for forming a muscular forming cylinder is formed.

【図4】本発明を適用したビデオテープカセット用スリ
ーブ型収納ケースの筋押し刃装着溝を設けた意匠、筋成
形シリンダーを示す斜視図である。
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a design, a streak forming cylinder provided with a streak blade mounting groove of a sleeve type storage case for a video tape cassette to which the present invention is applied.

【図5】同意匠、筋成形シリンダーの溝に筋押し刃を装
着した状態を示す斜視図である。
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which a muscle pressing blade is attached to a groove of a synonymous design and a muscle forming cylinder.

【図6】同意匠、筋成形シリンダーにより平板シートに
施された意匠と筋押し線とを示す図である。
FIG. 6 is a view showing a design and a muscle pushing line applied to a flat sheet by an agreed design and a strip forming cylinder.

【図7】同意匠、筋成形シリンダーの後方に設置した打
抜き用シリンダーにより平板シートから打ち抜かれたブ
ランクスを示す平面図である。
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing blanks punched from a flat sheet by a punching cylinder installed in the rear of a synonymous design and a streak forming cylinder.

【図8】本発明を適用した他のビデオテープカセット用
スリーブ型収納ケースの筋押し刃装着溝を設けた意匠、
筋成形シリンダーを示す斜視図である。
FIG. 8 is a design of another sleeve type storage case for a video tape cassette to which the present invention is applied, which is provided with a groove for pushing a brace.
It is a perspective view showing a muscle forming cylinder.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

10、26、52…意匠、筋成形シリンダー 12…エ
ンボス成形突起 14…鏡面成形突起 16…筋押し刃
装着台突起 18、28、54…筋押し刃装着溝或いは
穴 20、32…筋押し刃 22…基部 24…マスキ
ング 30、56…回転軸 34…意匠 36…筋押し
線 38…ブランクス
10, 26, 52 ... Design, muscle forming cylinder 12 ... Embossing molding protrusion 14 ... Mirror surface molding protrusion 16 ... Muscle pressing blade mounting table protrusion 18, 28, 54 ... Muscle pressing blade mounting groove or hole 20, 32 ... Muscle pressing blade 22 ... Base 24 ... Masking 30, 56 ... Rotating shaft 34 ... Design 36 ... Muscle pushing line 38 ... Blanks

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 溶融状態のプラスチック材料を押し出
し、記録媒体用収納ケースの素材となる平板シートを成
形するシリンダーの胴体に溝或いは穴を設け、そこに筋
押し刃の基部を差し込んで装着することを特徴とする記
録媒体用収納ケースの意匠、筋成形シリンダーの製造方
法。
1. A groove or hole is provided in a body of a cylinder for extruding a molten plastic material to form a flat sheet which is a material for a storage case for a recording medium, and a base of a muscle pressing blade is inserted thereinto for mounting. Of a storage medium storage case, and a method for manufacturing a streak forming cylinder.
JP31097892A 1992-10-26 1992-10-26 Design for recording medium storage case, manufacture of stripe forming cylinder Withdrawn JPH06198736A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP31097892A JPH06198736A (en) 1992-10-26 1992-10-26 Design for recording medium storage case, manufacture of stripe forming cylinder

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP31097892A JPH06198736A (en) 1992-10-26 1992-10-26 Design for recording medium storage case, manufacture of stripe forming cylinder

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH06198736A true JPH06198736A (en) 1994-07-19

Family

ID=18011686

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP31097892A Withdrawn JPH06198736A (en) 1992-10-26 1992-10-26 Design for recording medium storage case, manufacture of stripe forming cylinder

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH06198736A (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5405008A (en) Plastic case and method for making the same
JP3928522B2 (en) Card structure
US7338276B2 (en) Mold tool for paper relief engraving
JPH06198736A (en) Design for recording medium storage case, manufacture of stripe forming cylinder
JPH05305686A (en) Corrugated cardboard and punching mold thereof
JPH06135484A (en) Production of storing case for recording medium
JPH055186Y2 (en)
US20070227412A1 (en) Process for forming a table top
JPH0623874A (en) Production of recording medium receiving case
JP4815078B2 (en) Punching die for punching machine and manufacturing method thereof
JPH058327A (en) Preparation of containment case for recording medium and blade for ruled line with stopper
JPH0442159B2 (en)
JPS6319132Y2 (en)
JPH0741040A (en) Production of carrier tape
JPH0788949A (en) Production of embossed carrier tape
JPH022573Y2 (en)
JPH04288215A (en) Manufacture of containment case for recordig medium
JPS602437A (en) Manufacture of case with window
JP3065211U (en) Ruled line reinforcing member for bending when bending a corrugated ball
JPS6027657Y2 (en) cardboard paper
JPH0143271Y2 (en)
JPH0635190U (en) Storage case for recording media
JPH06171688A (en) Manufacture of recording medium case
JPS58217353A (en) Manufacture of relief-shaped printed interior-finished product
JPH058328A (en) Preparation of containment case for recording medium

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A300 Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300

Effective date: 20000104