JPH06198648A - Device for conditioning reusable ground plastic material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide an apparatus capable of equalizing the bulk density of reutilizable plastic particles to enhance the same to a desired value and capable of releasing the surfaces of the plastic particles from a fibrous material becoming an obstacle. CONSTITUTION: In an apparatus for conditioning a reutilizable ground plastic material, especially, foamable polystyrol, a temp. regulator 17 and a cylindrical hermetically closed type conditioning container 2 having a supply port and a discharge port 24 and having a fixed part and a movable part provided therein are provided. The movable part is formed and arranged so that the plastic material comes into contact with at least the fixed part and the wall 3 of the cylindrical conditioning container 2 on the way to the discharge port 24.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for conditioning reusable, ground plastics material, in particular expandable polystyrene.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Used EPS (foamable polystyrene)
The molded product, plate or block made of (1) is supplied to the recycling device, and the waste (Teile) piled up is first crushed,
The regenerated material thus obtained is then finely ground to particles of a few millimeters in size and used in a more or less dense mixture with the addition of virgin material from EPS to produce EPS. It is known to produce new moldings, plates or blocks made of plastic.

However, in particular in the production of molded articles made of EPS, the known processing methods have some drawbacks.

For example, a regenerated material made of EPS obtained by coarsely pulverizing and then finely pulverizing the particles of the regenerated material has irregular surface, so that the starting material from which the regenerated material is obtained is obtained. It generally has a bulk density much lower than the bulk density of the raw material. Furthermore, the bulk density of the recycled material changes greatly depending on the type of crushed molded product.

Moldings made from virgin material, for example having a bulk density of 20 g / l, have a bulk density of 20 g / l when filled in a mold at atmospheric pressure. When this molded product is crushed and the molded product is crushed and regenerated to form a recycled material, a small amount of, for example, 12 to 13 g / l is used.
To obtain a bulk density of. This material can be used without problems, eg 20
It is homogeneously mixed with virgin material having a bulk density of g / l, but when the mixture is pneumatically pumped, in particular, by pouring it into a large silo with a capacity of several cubic meters, Separation occurs when emptying.

The cause of the separation is, on the one hand, that the density is different as described above, and on the other hand, the irregularly formed regenerated material particles are much higher than the virgin material during air delivery. To meet the air resistance.

As a result of this, in subsequent manufacturing steps, the particles of recycled material are no longer evenly distributed in the molded article as desired, but are curled up at various points. This significantly impairs the quality of the moldings, in particular their mechanical properties, such as pressure resistance, bending strength and tensile strength.

Another drawback is that the surface of the untreated reclaimed material particles has very fine fibrous ends, regardless of whether dust components are filtered off or not, which ends are foamed. In the step, the nozzle is attached to the hole-shaped nozzle or the slit-shaped nozzle of the mold to close the nozzle. When sprayed onto a mold used to foam a mixture of recycled and virgin material, the mold must be empirically cleaned once a week. But,
This takes a lot of time and money.

[0009]

The object of the present invention is to make the bulk density of reusable plastic particles uniform and increase it to a desired value, and to prevent the surface of the plastic particles from becoming fibrous. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device which allows foaming of a molded article as it releases from the material, so that the material can be used alone or together with virgin material without problems.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The above device has a cylindrical, hermetic conditioning container having a temperature control device, a supply port and a discharge port, and a fixed part and a movable part inside, and is movable. The component is characterized in that it is shaped and installed such that the plastic material contacts at least the stationary component and the wall of the cylindrical conditioning container on its way to the outlet.

[0011]

The apparatus of the present invention is premised on the knowledge that the bulk density can be increased by subjecting the recycled material particles to a mechanical and thermal rounding process and generating the required temperature by friction. There is. The rounding of the recycled material particles while maintaining the foamability of the recycled material particles is achieved in a temperature range much lower than that of the conventional technique.

Preferably, the fixed and movable parts are bolts arranged parallel to the axis of the horizontal cylinder, the movable bolts being arranged on a rotating disc and the fixed bolts being a conditioning disc, a rotating disc. Is located on the side wall facing the. It is preferred that the bolts are arranged concentrically, at least one fixed bolt crown (Bolzenkraenze) and at least one
Movable bolt crowns are formed. In this case, it has proved preferable to have alternating fixed and movable bolt crowns.

The bolt extends over at least half the length of the conditioning container so that all possible plastic particles contained in the conditioning container are likewise rounded.

The supply port of the conditioning container is preferably installed in the region of the axis of the cylindrical part of the conditioning container, which axis is at the same time also the axis of rotation of the rotating disc. As the rotating disk with the bolt rotates, the plastic particles fed in the axial direction are inevitably rotated in a spiral. In the case of a rounding process that proceeds almost like a stirring process, it is an advantage that the plastic particles roll at the same time when they contact each surface. The fibers are no longer sharp on the surface of the plastic particles, since even tiny, pointed fibers are mechanically bent by rolling on a heated surface.

It is preferred for certain applications that liquid be supplied to the interior of the conditioning container during the rounding process to coat or treat the reclaimed material particles.

For example, it is preferable to introduce steam into the conditioning container in order to prevent charging of the particles of recycled material. The recycled material particles have a corresponding coating to the recycled material particles so that they can be poured into the mold. In the field of construction materials, molded articles are used, which must be difficult to ignite. For this purpose, it is necessary to add a material corresponding to the plastic particles. For this purpose, at least one of the fixed bolts is formed as a hollow bolt with at least one nozzle for supplying a suitable liquid. All fixed bolts can also be provided with nozzles which are preferably arranged on the jacket of the bolt.

The outlet, which is preferably provided on the lower side of the conditioning container in the cylindrical container wall, preferably has an outlet which is controllable in speed and controlled by a control device. Therefore, the filling level of the conditioning vessel is controlled by the number of revolutions of the exhaust slurry, which has a direct effect on the bulk density of the conditioned regrind particles. The longer the regrind particles stay in the conditioning vessel, the smaller the regrind particles and correspondingly the higher the bulk density. A densitometer is installed at the outlet of the conditioning container because the conditioned recycled material particles must have a certain bulk density and the bulk density of the recycled material supplied from time to time may change constantly. The densitometer continuously calculates the bulk density of the conditioned material. The densitometer is likewise connected to a control device, which controls the number of revolutions of the exhaust slot according to the calculated density value of the conditioned material, so that the deviation of the desired bulk density is corrected.

Since temperature has a significant effect on the rounding process, it is necessary to monitor the temperature of the recycled material particles contained within the conditioning vessel. Directly doing this is at least one temperature sensor mounted on the vessel wall. At least one other temperature sensor may be mounted on the fixed bolt.

The processing temperature is 80 to 100 degrees Celsius, and the temperature of the recycled material particles contained in the conditioning container is lower than that. In contrast, EPS
For conditioning the material of manufacture, it is preferred that the temperature of the wall of the conditioning container is about 50 degrees, in particular 48 to 52 degrees. This is because this makes it possible to stabilize the rounding process of the recycled material particles. It is necessary to cool the walls of the conditioning container to a predetermined temperature during operation, as the movement of the bolts by the bulk of the recycled material particles causes frictional heat to be generated almost entirely. Therefore, the temperature sensor is likewise connected to a control device, which on the one hand is connected to a temperature control device or cooling device and on the other hand to a closing device, for example an exhaust supply, which is connected to the outlet. It is connected to the. Care must be taken during the rounding process so that the temperature does not rise above that which would damage the plastic material.

Temperature control of the plastic material to be conditioned is usually not critical when the material is coarse-grained. On the other hand, when the particles of the material are fine, maintaining the predetermined temperature is much more important. This is because if the temperature is not maintained, sintering of the material and thus hindering the progress of the process will occur. When the jacket temperature reaches a predetermined maximum value, the control device controls, for example, a servomotor for the exhaust feed to discharge more conditioned material or to reduce the feed rate. Thus, the amount of plastic material contained in the conditioning container is reduced. The plastic particles contained in the conditioning container are reduced, so that not only the temperature inside the conditioning container but also the temperature of the container wall is reduced. In this case, it must be accepted that the discharged regrind particles do not have the desired bulk density for a short time.

Further, a driving device for the rotating disk is also connected to the control device. When injecting too much reclaimed material particles into the conditioning vessel, the rotational speed of the drive motor for the rotating disk is reduced. In order to prevent overloading of the drive motor, the drive for the exhaust feed is controlled by monitoring the speed of rotation or the current consumed, so that more regenerated material particles come out of the conditioning container. Is discharged. In this case, the drive unit for the feeding and conveying device, which is, for example, a dosing device or a cell-wheel type sluice (Zellenradschleuse), is also controlled by the control device so that the filling level of the conditioning container is again at the desired value. The reclaimed material is sent to the conditioning container until adjusted to.

When the outlet of the conditioning container is equipped with a closing device having a slider, the outlet provided outside the conditioning container is equipped with an outflow plate oriented in the opposite direction of rotation. Is preferred. This arrangement of outflow plates has the advantage that outflowing recycled material particles do not block the outlet. With this design, the slider
Is also connected to the control device.

[0023]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The conditioning device 1 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a closed conditioning container 2 having a cylindrical container wall 3. Since the conditioning container 2 is surrounded by the jacket 14, the surroundings of the container wall 3 can be cleaned by the temperature control medium.

Inside the conditioning container 2, a fixed bolt 6 and movable bolts 7 and 8 are concentrically arranged. The movable bolts 7 and 8 are attached to the rotating disk 5, and the fixed bolt 6 is attached to the container side wall 4b (see FIG. 2). As shown in the figure, two bolt crowns are installed on the rotary disk 5, and a fixed bolt crown composed of four bolts 6 is installed between the two bolt crowns. The direction of rotation of the rotating disc 5 is indicated by the arrow.

Temperature sensor 16 provided on the container wall 3
Is connected to a control device 15, which is connected to a temperature control device 17.

A discharge source 18 is installed at a discharge port 24 provided on the lower side of the conditioning container 2, and the discharge source 18 is driven by a source driving device 19. The drive device 19 is likewise connected to the control device 15. A densitometer 22 is installed after the discharge source 18, and the densitometer 22 is likewise connected to the control unit 15. The silo 23 collects conditioned plastic material.

FIG. 2 shows a side view and a partial sectional view of the conditioning device 1 shown in FIG. The supply port 28 is installed in the region of the axis 20 of the cylindrical portion,
It is connected to a supply / conveyance device via a supply passage 9 formed obliquely. The supply / transport device is formed, for example, by an injection source 10 with a controllable drive 27. The supplied plastic material is the supply port 28
Through the inside of the conditioning container 2 and a curved guide plate 12 is installed therein.
Reference numeral 2 extends parallel to the axis 20 of the cylindrical portion and prevents the recycled material from falling. As a result, the regenerated material particles do not reach the outlet 24 early, but the rotating disk 5 and the movable bolts 7 and 8 rotate, so that a spiral action is provided. Since the fixed bolt 6 and the movable bolts 7 and 8 extend almost the entire length of the conditioning container 2, all regenerated material particles contained in the conditioning container 2 are rounded. The injection source 10 is connected to the control device 15. The drive motor, which is attached to the container wall 4a, is likewise connected to the control unit 15 via a speed sensor 26 (see also FIG. 1).

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a conditioning device.

FIG. 2 is a side view and a partial cross-sectional view of the conditioning device.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 ... Conditioning container, 3 ... Container wall, 4b ... Container side wall, 5 ... Rotating disk, 6 ... Fixed bolt, 7, 8
… Movable bolts, 10… Injection sluice, 12… Guide plates,
13 ... Drive motor, 15 ... Control device, 16 ... Temperature sensor, 17 ... Temperature adjusting device, 18 ...
Drive device for sluice, 20 ... Cylindrical axis, 22 ... Density meter, 24 ... Discharge port, 26 ... Rotation speed sensor, 27 ... Drive device, 28 ... Supply port.

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A device for conditioning reusable, ground plastic material, in particular expandable polystyrene, comprising a temperature control device (17), a supply port (28) and an exhaust port (24), Has a cylindrical, hermetically-sealed conditioning container (2) having a fixed part and a movable part, wherein the movable part has at least the fixed part and the cylindrical shape while the plastic material is on the way to the discharge port (24). To contact the conditioning container wall (3) of
A device that is formed and installed. 2. The fixed part and the movable part are bolts (6, 7, 8) arranged parallel to the axis line (20) of the horizontal cylindrical portion, and the movable bolts (7, 8) are rotary disks. A fixed bolt (6) located on (5) is located on a side wall (4b) of the conditioning container (2) facing the rotating disc (5). The apparatus according to Item 1. 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one fixed bolt crown and at least one movable bolt crown. 4. The bolt (6, 7, 8) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it extends over at least half the length of the conditioning container (2). Equipment. 5. At least one fixed bolt (6)
Is formed as a hollow bolt having at least one nozzle for supplying a liquid, the device according to claim 1. 6. The supply port (28) is installed in the region of the axis (20) of the cylindrical portion, and the supply port (28) is provided inside the conditioning container (2).
A device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a guide plate (12) is installed in it. 7. The outlet (24) is an outlet (1)
8) The device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises: 8. A densitometer (22) installed at the outlet (24) is a drive motor for the rotating disk (5).
Connected to a control device (15) together with a speed sensor (26) or a current sensor of the motor (13), the control device (15) according to the calculated density value of the conditioned plastic material and said drive. Motor (1
According to the rotation speed or current of 3), the exhaust source (1
8) and drives (19, 2) for the injection sluice (10)
7. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it drives 7). 9. At least one temperature sensor (16) is provided on the outer wall of the conditioning container (2) and is connected to the control device (15). The device according to any one of 1.