JPH0619417Y2 - Pneumatic hydraulic auxiliary braking chamber - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a pneumatic hydraulic auxiliary braking chamber.

[Problems to be solved by conventional techniques and devices] With the development of the transportation industry, the demand for heavy-duty heavy trailers and heavy trucks will increase day by day, which is why it is most necessary to guarantee the traveling safety of heavy trailers and heavy trucks. Needless to say, it is a powerful brake system as a major equipment. Therefore, the braking system which is generally used at present can be roughly classified into the following three types: a single pneumatic braking device, a single hydraulic braking device and an air boosting hydraulic braking device.

The simple operation sequence (see FIG. 4) of the brake system of the single pneumatic brake device (see FIGS. 3 and 4) generates high pressure air by the air compressor 1A, and this high pressure air is supplied to the air tank 20A, The high-pressure air in the air tank 21A is sent to the air tank 22A through the pipe valve and the check valve of the rear tail valve 6A. As shown in FIG. 4, when the brake pedal is depressed, the high pressure air reaches the control valve 4A from the air tank 21A through the braking valve 3A, and thus the control valve 4A is opened, whereby the high pressure air sent from the air tank 20A. Opens the check valve of the rear tail valve 6A through the adjustment valve 4A, and the air tank 22
The high-pressure air of A is sent to each braking chamber 7A through the check valve of the rear tail valve 6A to operate the brake. As shown in FIG. 3, the structure of the braking chamber 7A is such that the film vibrates at all times, so there is a risk of bursting during long-term use.
Due to this, air leakage causes decompression, so that the force receiving plate and the transmission rod in the braking chamber cannot be lowered, and the braking effect cannot be achieved, which is dangerous.

The simple operation sequence (see FIG. 2) of the brake system of the single hydraulic brake device (see FIGS. 1 and 2) is such that when the brake pedal 1D is stepped on, the push rod 2D is interlocked, and the push rod 2D is the brake master. The piston 3D of the cylinder 4D is pushed, compressed hydraulic oil in the brake master cylinder 4D is made to flow into each of the wheel cylinders 5D through a pipe line, thereby actuating the brake drum to act as a brake. . The disadvantage is that when an oil leak occurs anywhere in the hydraulic system, the brake becomes ineffective and dangerous, and the wheel and brake drum must be removed before repairing, which requires time and labor. It is extremely inconvenient.

The simple operation sequence (see FIG. 6) of the brake system of the air pressure increasing hydraulic brake device (see FIGS. 5 and 6) is that high pressure air is generated by the air compressor 1B, and this high pressure air is the air tank 20B. , 21B and 22B. Among them, the air tank
Between the 21B and the air tank 22B, there is a check valve 6 on the pipeline.
B is provided at the rear of the car, and when the brake pedal is pressed, the high pressure air from the air tank 21B is compressed air booster 5B.
(See FIG. 5) and sent to the brake master cylinder 3
Push the brake fluid of B to make the pressure of the brake fluid even higher, and finally, each front wheel wheel cylinder 8B of the trailer.
Send to generate the effect of high hydraulic brake. The compressed air booster 5B is provided with a pipe line leading to the control valve 4B, and the valve 4B can be opened by the high pressure air flowing from the pressure booster 5B. As a result, the high-pressure air flowing from the air tank 21B reaches the check valve 6B at the rear tail of the vehicle through the control valve 4B, and opens the high-pressure air of the air tank 22B to open the rear tail valve 6B. And is sent to each of the braking chambers 7B at the rear of the vehicle through the high pressure air brake. Among them,
The brake master cylinder 3B, the wheel cylinder 8B and the braking chamber 7B are the same as those conventionally used. The drawback is that the braking system on each wheel still only produces the effect of a single brake, no increase in safety is seen, and even if oil leakage or damage to the film in the cylinder occurs. The brake system loses its effect, and at the time of repair, the hydraulic brake system needs to inspect the master cylinder and the wheels and brake drum to inspect the wheel cylinder and related pipelines. Yes, it takes time and effort.

As described above, the conventional braking device cannot guarantee the traveling safety of heavy trailers and heavy trucks with large momentum. It goes without saying that once the brake loses its braking effect, it not only takes time for repairs but also poses a serious threat to humans, vehicles and buildings. In consideration of this, the present inventor conducted a young search and, in combination with many years of brake system repair experience, finally achieved a dual effect of a pneumatic brake and a hydraulic brake through long-term improvement, and was easy to remove and assemble. We were able to obtain the research results of improved creations that are easy to inspect.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of safe and reliable dual-system pneumatic hydraulic auxiliary braking chamber that combines atmospheric pressure and hydraulic pressure.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic hydraulic auxiliary braking chamber in which the braking effect of a pneumatic brake mechanism that operates first and a hydraulic brake mechanism that operates later is enhanced.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a type of pneumatic hydraulic auxiliary braking chamber for high pressure and high speed braking.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a type of pneumatic hydraulic auxiliary braking chamber that is easy to maintain and repair.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been proposed in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, and is a pneumatic type hydraulic auxiliary braking chamber to be used in combination with a kind of rear tail valve, which is mainly a central shaft. ,
Composed of bearings, pistons and coil springs,
A hydraulic mechanism, a cylinder, a cylinder head, a piston, a bearing and a coil spring, and a pneumatic mechanism and a transmission rod and a coupler. The coil spring and the transmission mechanism are shared by the two mechanisms. The air pressure mechanism is operated first by receiving high pressure air, and the transmission mechanism is interlocked to perform a rudimentary braking action. Actuating by the compression of the cylinder, the transmission mechanism is linked again to provide a safer and more reliable brake. The cylinder has a generally hollow cylindrical body, and several screw holes are provided on the upper side of the body. Provided, at the appropriate position on the underside of its body, there is a vent and a vent with several air filtration nets, in the center of its bottom there is an annular ridge. There is an opening in the center of the protrusion. A groove is provided on the annular surface of the opening, and a wear resistant washer is attached to the groove. Several screw holes are provided on the outer periphery of the opening. , The cylinder is fixed to the vehicle body by fitting the screw, and the cylinder head has a substantially disc shape and is attached to the upper end of the cylinder, and a screw hole is provided at the center of the cylinder head. Ventilation holes are provided at various positions, a flange is provided on the peripheral edge, several screw holes are installed under the flange, and an annular groove is provided under the screw hole. An airtight ring is attached to the inside of the cylinder, and the cylinder head is airtightly fixed to the cylinder by fitting the screw.

The central axis is in the form of a columnar body having a small upper portion and a large lower portion, a through hole is provided at the center thereof, and a relatively large opening is provided at the end of the through hole. A screw thread is provided on the upper end of it, and it is screwed into the hole of the cylinder head and fixed to the cylinder head with a nut.
Its bottom end has a relatively large outer diameter, several grooves are provided on its outer circumference, and an O-ring is attached to it, with one or more lines between the grooves. Is provided with a mudguard groove, the bearing has a substantially hollow cylindrical shape, the center of which constitutes a hollow chamber, and the central axis is in intimate contact with this hollow chamber to slide vertically. Since the length of the hollow chamber is longer than the length from the lower end surface of the cylinder head to the shaft end of the cylinder head, a gap is formed between the end surface of the central shaft and the bottom surface of the hollow chamber. The top end of the bearing is slightly smaller, and
The lower end of the bearing, which is provided with a screw thread, is fitted into a hole in the center of the bottom of the cylinder, and a groove and a pin hole are provided at its end to connect with a transmission mechanism. It has a plate-like shape, and at the center of which, a small-diameter end on the bearing is provided with a hole to be inserted. An inner wall of the hole is provided with an annular groove.
A ring is attached, an annular groove is provided around the periphery of the piston to fit an airtight ring, the piston is tightly mounted in the cylinder and is fastened with a nut to the top of the bearing, This divides the inside of the cylinder into upper and lower empty chambers, and the coil spring is provided in the lower chamber of the cylinder.
Enclosing the outside of the bearing, its top end supports the underside of the piston, its lower end engages with the outer annular protrusion of the cylinder bottom, and the transmission rod and coupler are the lower end of the bearing. Attached to the
It is used to transmit the operation to the bearing, and the warning device is composed of a circle and a warning device provided in the hole under the cylinder, and the circle is mounted in front of the warning device. , A part of the arc is projected into the cylinder, and when the piston descends excessively, it hits the sphere and is configured to emit a warning signal by a warning device. When it enters into the cylinder through the ventilation hole of, the piston is operated, and accordingly, the bearing and the transmission mechanism are interlocked to form the brake drum to perform the rudimentary braking action. Pneumatic oil that flows into the bearing and works as a brake drum by interlocking the bearing with the transmission mechanism for a more stable and reliable braking action and achieving the dual safety effect of atmospheric pressure and hydraulic pressure. Auxiliary braking chamber.

Is intended to be provided.

[Embodiment and Operation and Effect] The technology, equipment, parts and their effects adopted for achieving the above-mentioned object and other objects of the present invention will be described with reference to a relatively preferable specific embodiment and the accompanying drawings. To do. However, the nouns related to each equipment and parts used in it are named for convenience of explanation, and this should not limit the meaning.

The present invention provides a pneumatic hydraulic auxiliary braking chamber that operates in synchronism with the operation of a valve installed at the rear stern of the vehicle. The mounting position of the present invention in the entire brake system and the operating sequence of the brake system Will be briefly described below (see FIG. 8, in which the thick line represents the air pressure filling circuit, the thin line represents the air pressure braking circuit, and the dotted line represents the oil pressure braking circuit).

The high pressure air generated by the air compressor (1C) is stored in the air tank (2
0C), air tank (21C) and air tank (22C),
The air tank (21C) leads to the brake braking valve (3C) via a pipeline. When you press the brake pedal, the braking valve
(3C) is opened, compressed air is sent to the control valve (40C), the valve of the control valve (40C) is opened, and the air tank (20C) is opened.
Compressed air sent from C) to the control valve (40C) is passed to the rear tail valve (6C), and the rear tail valve (6C) is opened,
As a result, the compressed air in the air tank (23C) is sent to each pneumatic hydraulic auxiliary braking chamber (9C) of the present invention through the rear tail valve to complete the operation of the pneumatic brake. Further, the rear vehicle tail valve (6C) is provided with a pipe line and communicates with the control valve (41C). Therefore, the valve of the control valve (41C) is opened, and the high pressure air communicating with the control valve (41C) from the air tank (21C) is sent to the compressed air brake hydraulic pressure booster (5C), which causes the high pressure air to flow therethrough. The brake fluid in the inside generates high pressure and is sent to each pneumatic type hydraulic auxiliary braking chamber of the present invention to complete the operation of the hydraulic auxiliary brake.

The present invention is a device having a dual effect of a pneumatic brake and a hydraulic brake. When necessary, the control valve (4
A solenoid valve can be added on top of 1C), which allows the time difference between the hydraulic auxiliary brake and the pneumatic brake to be adjusted to meet the needs of consumers.

The structure and function of the pneumatic hydraulic auxiliary braking chamber of the present invention will be described in detail below.

The present invention includes a cylinder (1), a cylinder head (2), a central shaft
(3), bearings (4), pistons (5), coil springs (6), transmission rods (7), couplers (8) and security equipment (9). Among them, the cylinder (1) has a hollow cylindrical body, and several screw holes (11) are provided on the upper side of the cylinder body.
Is provided. At appropriate locations below it are holes (13) and vents (12) attached to several air filter nets (15). An annular ridge (17) is installed in the center of the bottom. There is an opening (14) in the center of the protrusion,
A groove (19) is provided on the annular surface of the opening, and an abrasion resistant washer (20) is installed in the groove. Several screw holes (16) are provided on the outer circumference of the opening (14), and a cylinder is fixedly mounted on the vehicle body by a screw (18).

The cylinder head (2) has a substantially disc shape, is attached to the upper end of the cylinder (1), and has a screw hole (21) at the center thereof. Further, a ventilation hole (22) is separately provided at an appropriate position. A flange (22) is separately provided above the peripheral edge, and several screw holes (11) are installed below the flange. An annular groove is provided on the lower side of the screw hole, and an airtight ring (24) is installed in it, and the screw (2
The cylinder head is airtightly fixed to the cylinder (1) by mixing with (5).

The central axis (3) is a columnar body having a small upper portion and a large lower portion, and a through hole (35) is provided at the center thereof. A screw thread (31) is provided at the upper end thereof, and is screwed into a screw hole (21) of the cylinder head (2) and fixed to the cylinder head (2) with a nut (32). Its bottom end has a relatively large outer diameter and its outer circumference has several grooves.
(36) is provided and the O-ring (34) is attached. One or more mudguard grooves between the grooves (36)
(37) is provided and is used to perform the function of sucking in oil dirt as well as accumulating lubricant oil.

The bearing (4) has a hollow cylindrical shape, the center of which constitutes a hollow chamber, and the central shaft (3) is in close contact with the hollow chamber and slides up and down. Moreover, since the length of the hollow chamber is longer than the length from the lower end surface of the cylinder head to the shaft end of the cylinder head (3), a gap is created between the end surface of the central shaft (3) and the bottom surface of the hollow chamber. As a result, the hydraulic thrust on the bearing (4) can be stably maintained. The top end of the bearing (4) is rather small and is threaded so that the nut (4
It is tightened in 1). The lower end of it has a hole (1
4) is attached through, and the protruding portion is provided with a groove and a pin hole to connect with the transmission rod (7). When high-pressure oil flows into the central shaft (3) and reaches the bearing (4), the bearing (4) is compressed by the hydraulic pressure and moves downward.

The piston (5) has a roughly disc shape and has a hole (55) at its center.
Is provided and is fitted into the small diameter end of the bearing (4) and fastened with a nut (32). An annular groove (56) is installed on the inner wall of the hole (55), and an O-ring (52) is attached to keep airtightness. An annular groove (53) is provided on the periphery of the piston, and an airtight ring (51) is mounted therein. The piston is tightly mounted in the cylinder and further fastened with a nut (41) to the top end of the bearing (4). Therefore, the inside of the cylinder (1) is airtightly divided into two upper and lower chambers, and when the bearing (4) is lowered due to compression of high-pressure oil, the piston is also lowered accordingly. Further, when the piston descends due to compression of high pressure air, the bearing also descends following it.

The coil spring (6) bears in the lower chamber of the cylinder (1).
It is installed by holding (4). Its top end supports the lower side of the piston (5), and its bottom end is fitted on the outside of an annular protrusion (17) provided at the bottom of the cylinder (1). The coil spring (6) is a return spring, and when the brake pedal is depressed, the piston (5) is compressed by high pressure air and descends. Alternatively, when the bearing (4) receives high-pressure hydraulic pressure and moves downward in conjunction with the piston (5), the coil spring (6) is compressed by the piston (5) and contracts. At this time,
The air in the lower air chamber escapes from the ventilation hole (15). When the brake pedal is loosened, the pressure of high pressure air and high pressure oil disappears, so the coil spring pushes the piston (5) upward,
Along with this, the bearing (4) is interlocked to restore the position before the brake is depressed. At this time, air again flows into the lower air chamber through the ventilation hole (15).

The transmission rod (7) and the coupler (8) are installed at the lower end of the bearing (4), and the transmission rod (7) is connected to the bearing (4) by a connecting pin (71). The transmission rod (7) and the coupler (8) are bearings.
It is used to transmit the operation of (4). By this,
Activate the lining and apply the brake action. Its shape and function are similar to the conventional ones.

The warning device (9) is provided in the hole (13) in the lower stage of the cylinder, and is composed of one round ball and a warning device. Among them, the warning device is the same as that of a person who has traditionally used, a circular ball (91) is installed in front of the warning device, and a part of the circular arc surface projects into the cylinder. When the lining on the brake drum wears or when the brake clearance exceeds the safety clearance due to any other cause, the piston (5) is lowered too much. At this time, the circular sphere (91) is struck and the circular sphere is pushed backward to operate the alarm. For this reason, the warning light on the instrument panel emits a signal to warn the user to make a repair.

It is divided into three constituent mechanisms by the combination of the above-mentioned constituent parts. One is a pneumatic mechanism composed of the cylinder (1), a cylinder head (2), a bearing (4), a piston (5) and a spring (6), and one is the central shaft (3), a bearing (4), A hydraulic mechanism constituted by a piston (5) and a spring (6), and one is a transmission mechanism constituted by the transmission rod (7) and a coupler (8).
When the brake pedal is depressed, first, high-pressure air enters the upper air chamber in the cylinder (1) of the pneumatic mechanism through the vent hole (22) of the cylinder head (2). When this compressed air enters, the piston
(5) is pushed, the bearing (4) descends accordingly, and the transmission rod (7) and the coupler (8) are interlocked to finally act on the brake drum to operate the pneumatic brake. When the operation of the pneumatic brake is completed, the high pressure oil enters the inside of the hydraulic mechanism and the bearing (4) through the through hole (35) of the central shaft (3). As a result, the bearing (4) is pushed by the high-pressure oil, the piston (5) moves downward accordingly, and the transmission rod (7) and the coupler (8) are interlocked, and finally the brake drum is moved to operate the hydraulic pressure. Performs a brake reinforcement operation by. Then, when the brake pedal is released, the spring compressed by the piston (5)
(6) pushes the piston (5) back to its original pre-operation position.
Along with this, the transmission rod (7) and the coupler (8) also return the brake drum to the original state, and complete a stable brake action that doubles as a pressure and a hydraulic pressure.

If the hydraulic mechanism of the present invention leaks oil and the hydraulic pressure becomes insufficient, the pneumatic mechanism can still perform the function of the pneumatic brake as usual, so there is no concern for safety. . Furthermore, if there is an air leak in the air pressure mechanism and the air pressure becomes insufficient, the hydraulic mechanism can still operate the hydraulic brake as usual, so that there is no concern about safety. Moreover, since the present invention does not use a conventional coating, it is not easily damaged in use. If the brake drum wears or the brake clearance exceeds the safe range due to some other reason, the piston in the cylinder touches the indicator and the user is warned and the repair is performed. I will be encouraged to do so. Therefore,
The present invention is equipped with an extremely complete brake warning system and a dual brake safety device using atmospheric pressure and hydraulic pressure, so that the brakes do not suddenly become ineffective while the vehicle is running, and it is possible to secure driving safety. I can.

For removal of the present invention, first remove each screw (126), then cylinder head (2), piston (5) and center shaft.
When (3) is pulled out of the bearing (4) at the same time, the hydraulic mechanism can be repaired. Furthermore, remove the connecting pin (71),
The pneumatic mechanism can be repaired by pulling the piston (5) and the bearing (4) out of the cylinder (1) at the same time. At the time of assembly, the combination may be performed in the reverse order of the above. Therefore, repair repair is very easy.

As mentioned above, the present invention is a dual high pressure brake device equipped with a pneumatic brake and a hydraulic brake, the braking effect of which is stable and reliable, and has a high degree of safety. In addition to alerting the user to the need for repairs, repair repairs can be easily done.

It should be noted that the present invention can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and it goes without saying that the present invention covers the modified version.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a braking master cylinder and a file cylinder of a service hydraulic brake system. FIG. 2 is a flow operation diagram of a service hydraulic brake system. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the braking chamber of the service pressure brake system. FIG. 4 is a flow action diagram of the service pressure brake system. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the compressed air booster in the service air boost hydraulic brake system. FIG. 6 is a flow operation diagram of the regular air boost hydraulic brake system. FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the pneumatic hydraulic auxiliary braking chamber of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a flow operation diagram of the pneumatic hydraulic brake system. (1) …… Cylinder, (2) …… Cylinder head (3) …… Center shaft, (4) …… Bearing (5) …… Piston (6) …… Coil spring (7) …… Transmission rod, ( 8) …… Coupler (9) …… Security equipment, (11) (16) (21) …… Screw hole (12) …… Ventilation hole, (13) …… Hole (14) …… Opening port, ( 15) Air filter net (17) Annular protrusion, (18) (25) Screw (19) (36) (37) Groove, (20) Washishia (22) Flange , (24) …… Airtight ring (31) …… Thread, (32) (41) …… Nut (34) (52) …… O ring, (35) …… Through hole (51) …… Airtight ring (53) (56) …… annular groove (55) …… hole, (71) …… connecting pin (91) …… round sphere

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A pneumatic type hydraulic auxiliary braking chamber used in combination with a rear tail valve, which is mainly composed of a central shaft, a bearing, a piston and a coil spring, a hydraulic mechanism, a cylinder, a cylinder head and a piston. Composed of a bearing and a coil spring, composed of a pneumatic mechanism and a transmission rod and a coupler, composed of a transmission mechanism, in which the bearing, piston, coil spring and transmission mechanism are two mechanisms The air pressure mechanism is operated first by receiving high pressure air, and the transmission mechanism is interlocked to perform a rudimentary braking action.Then, the hydraulic mechanism is activated by the compression of the high pressure oil, and again. The transmission mechanism is interlocked with each other to provide a safer and more reliable brake. The cylinder has a substantially hollow cylindrical body, and several screw holes are provided on the upper side of the body. Lower suitable There is a hole and a ventilation hole to which several air filter nets are attached at various positions.There is an annular protrusion at the center of the bottom and an opening at the center of the protrusion. A groove is provided on the annular surface of the opening, and a wear resistant washer is attached therein. Several screw holes are provided on the outer periphery of the opening, and a screw is provided. The cylinder head is roughly disc-shaped and is attached to the upper end of the cylinder with a screw hole at the center of the cylinder head. Ventilation holes are provided on the periphery, a flange is provided on the peripheral edge, several screw holes are provided on the lower side of the flange, and an annular group is provided on the lower side of the screw holes. Then, an airtight ring was attached to it, and fitted with a screw to attach the cylinder head. It is airtightly fixed to the cylinder. The central axis is in the form of a columnar body having a small upper portion and a large lower portion, a through hole is provided at the center thereof, and a relatively large opening is provided at the end of the through hole. A screw thread is provided on the upper end of it, and it is screwed into the hole of the cylinder head and fixed to the cylinder head with a nut.
Its bottom end has a relatively large outer diameter, several grooves are provided on its outer circumference, and an O-ring is attached to it, with one or more lines between the grooves. Is provided with a mudguard groove, the bearing has a substantially hollow cylindrical shape, the center of which constitutes a hollow chamber, and the central axis is in intimate contact with this hollow chamber to slide vertically. Since the length of the hollow chamber is longer than the length from the lower end surface of the cylinder head to the shaft end of the cylinder head, a gap is formed between the end surface of the central shaft and the bottom surface of the hollow chamber. The top end of the bearing is slightly smaller, and
The lower end of the bearing, which is provided with a screw thread, is fitted into a hole in the center of the bottom of the cylinder, and a groove and a pin hole are provided at its end to connect with a transmission mechanism. It has a plate-like shape, and at the center of which, a small-diameter end on the bearing is provided with a hole to be inserted. An inner wall of the hole is provided with an annular groove.
A ring is attached, an annular groove is provided around the periphery of the piston to fit an airtight ring, the piston is tightly mounted in the cylinder and is fastened with a nut to the top of the bearing, This divides the inside of the cylinder into upper and lower empty chambers, and the coil spring is provided in the lower chamber of the cylinder.
Enclosing the outside of the bearing, its top end supports the underside of the piston, its lower end engages with the outer annular protrusion of the cylinder bottom, and the transmission rod and coupler are the lower end of the bearing. Attached to the
It is used to transmit the operation to the bearing, and the warning device is composed of a circle and a warning device provided in the hole under the cylinder, and the circle is mounted in front of the warning device. , A part of the arc is projected into the cylinder, and when the piston descends excessively, it hits the sphere and is configured to emit a warning signal by a warning device. When it enters into the cylinder through the ventilation hole of, the piston is operated, and accordingly, the bearing and the transmission mechanism are interlocked to form the brake drum to perform the rudimentary braking action. Pneumatic oil that flows into the bearing and works as a brake drum by interlocking the bearing with the transmission mechanism for a more stable and reliable braking action and achieving the dual safety effect of atmospheric pressure and hydraulic pressure. Auxiliary braking chamber.