JPH06191483A - Device for changing angular position of rotor blade of fluid machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To assuredly and easily operate a device by connecting and locking blades in the device for a propeller of a vessel or the like to a boss main body under pressure and supplying high pressure oil so as to temporarily loosen a press connection and adjust the blades. CONSTITUTION: The flanges 4 of blades 3 are connected to a support disk 5 in a boss 1 by internally inserting a plurality of distortion bolts 6. Then, the blade flanges 4 are locked to the support disk 5 by fitting pins 8. Thus, a structural group 4/5 is locked to the boss 1 under a frictional connection. Pins 11 and sliders 12 for rotating the support disk 5 are arranged in the grooves of adjusting yokes 13. A piston 14 forming a servo motor is connected to the adjusting yokes 13. Then, high pressure oil is introduced to parts between the blade flanges 4 and the support disk 5 through a high pressure oil hole 17 and a high pressure hose 18 to temporarily loosen a lock and adjust the blades 3 by the servo motor.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1. In the following, the device is described, for example, on the basis of a ship propeller, the propeller pitch of which can be adjusted while the ship propulsion device is stopped.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Marine propellers are designed as fixed, adjustable or movable propellers.

Movable propellers have a large angular range (approximately 60
Adjustable from "full-speed forward" through "zero thrust position" to "full-speed forward" over all degrees of rotation of the shaft. In other words, the movable propeller is suitable for the thrust device in various operating states of the ship and also for the reverse device for reverse navigation, and is capable of quick maneuvering without delay. In order to achieve these problems, the mechanism inside the propeller boss, the hollow hole of the propeller shaft,
A fluid device is required. Therefore, the procurement cost of the movable propeller is higher than that of the fixed propeller. It also incorporates a larger diameter propeller boss, which can negatively impact propeller efficiency.

Fixed propellers are nowadays generally manufactured from one piece and can be procured cost-effectively. The switching operation from forward traveling to reverse traveling is performed by reversing the rotation direction of the fixed propeller, which is possible without problems in a diesel engine that is traveling for a long time, for example. In addition, the speed of the drive machine and thus the speed of the propeller can be varied for maneuvering. Also, the diameter of the boss portion is smaller than the diameter of the boss of the movable propeller.

Since fixed propellers consist of one piece, the blades of all propellers must be replaced if damaged. Therefore, a fixed propeller manufactured with one member has been a so-called "built-in propeller" since ancient times.
The individual wings are then separately fixed to the boss and can be replaced separately.

[0006] A serious drawback of fixed propellers is that the alternate operating conditions of a ship are incompatible with load conditions, age, weather conditions, seasons and the like. In addition, there are always uncertainties in trial calculations during model tests or when calculating propellers, and the fixed propeller does not completely match the structural conditions of the drive unit during operation, and the pitch may change. Sometimes.

This drawback of fixed propellers can be eliminated by adjusting propellers. The adjusting propeller is then a "built-in propeller", the pitch of which can be varied within a limited adjusting range (2 ° to 6 °). Numerous inventions and structural proposals have already been made for this type of regulating propeller.

In a simple configuration example, a blade fixing screw is guided through the elongated hole into the blade flange, and a lock for the boss of the blade is provided by a fitting pin. It is located in two or three positions prepared in advance. To change the blade adjustment, it is necessary to loosen the blade fixing screw. This task is difficult to perform underwater and therefore requires costly ship docking.

In the case of complex construction types, there is a common adjusting mechanism for all blades of the propeller, which can be mechanically, hydraulically or electromagnetically actuated.

The adjustment mechanism is constantly loaded by the moments and forces required to hold the wing in the adjusted position.

In order to solve this problem, German Patent No. 3
417853A1 presents the structure shown, where the wing pins are secured by a self-locking conical ring. This adjusting mechanism is used only during the adjusting work while the shaft is stopped, so that the blade moment and the blade force are not applied during operation. However, the pitch once adjusted can be relaxed only when the propeller is disassembled from the propeller shaft.

Thus, hitherto known regulating propellers have not been used extensively until now because they have one or another type of problem. Also, the cost is often not significantly less than a fully functional mobile propeller.

However, the problems described here with respect to the example of the propeller for a ship also occur in another fluid machine similarly provided with wings. In this case as well, temporary adjustment work is required to adapt the operating mode of the machine to the changed operating conditions. In that case, for example, the propeller turbine is in mind.

[0014]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to improve an adjusting device of the type mentioned above so that it can be operated reliably and easily. For this reason, the rotor according to the invention should have a manufacturing cost (at least taking into account the costs of the attachments) that is not higher or only slightly higher than the cost of the unadjustable rotor,
And the boss area must have good proportions. Especially for marine propellers, the aim is to achieve a boss size that is smaller than the boss size required for adjusting propellers. In other words, the aim is that the dimensions of the boss have little or no effect on efficiency.

[0015]

According to the present invention, the above problems can be solved by the features of claim 1.

Claims 2 and below describe further particularly advantageous further developments.

[0017]

In many cases, it is based on the fact that adjustment work is only necessary in very limited cases. In other words, the adjustment work is carried out after unloading or loading a ship equipped with the object of the present invention, after the east / west ocean transboundary and after the west / transeast ocean return navigation, and after several months of operation. Limited to when inspecting the condition of the ship or after a similar flight. Therefore, in all of these cases, the adjustment work can be performed when the shaft is stopped while the berth is docked. In other words, it is sufficiently possible to design an adjusting mechanism in which the original adjusting moment and adjusting force are not applied to the propeller blades during operation of the ship.

The basic idea of the invention is that the propeller blades are fixedly held on the boss during normal operation by means of a positive press connection and cannot be adjusted. This connection is temporarily relaxed by introducing high-pressure oil into the separating surface between the blade flange and the support disk only for adjusting the blade. The wings can then be adjusted with little expense. An adjustment mechanism is provided for this adjustment. After adjustment, the high pressure is released and the immobile press joint is formed again.

The above-mentioned adjustment work in the marine propeller is performed underwater by a diver which can work at least in the harbor equipment. Therefore, dock work on the ship is unnecessary.

[0020]

The regulatory propeller according to the invention is illustrated in the drawing.

A one-part propeller boss 1 is fixed to a propeller shaft 2 in a conventional manner. In FIG. 1, the fixing device is shown on the rear flange of the propeller shaft (which is the usual form for moving propellers), and in FIG. 2 the fixing part of the boss 1 is of cylindrical or conical shape. Shown on the rear shaft end (which is the usual type for stationary propellers). The propeller boss 1 has a plurality of radial or substantially radial openings for the propeller blades 3 corresponding to the number of blades (3 to 7) on the outer periphery thereof. A five-bladed propeller is shown in FIGS.

The flange 4 of the blade 3 is connected to the support disk 5 inside the boss 1 by a plurality of strain bolts 6.
The strain bolt 6 is preferably inserted from the inside. This is because a larger number of strain bolts can be inserted than when inserting from the outside. The strain and bias of the strain bolt are designed so that the structural group of blade flange 4 / support disc 5 is pushed into the projection 7 in the hole of the boss 1 with sufficient certainty.

The wing flange 4 is locked by the mating pin 8 against the support disc 5 rather than against the boss body 1. The locking of the boss 1 of the structural group 4/5 is done exclusively by frictional coupling. For example, when an abnormally high rotational moment that may exceed frictional coupling is applied near the basic contact portion of the blade, the preset adjustment range from 2 ° to 6 ° should not be exceeded. Two stoppers 9 are provided.

Further, according to the present invention, the frictional connection of the blade fixing portion can be temporarily relaxed for blade adjustment. To that end, high-pressure oil (of the order of 1000 bar), which penetrates the central hole 17, the high-pressure hose 18 and the holes in the support disc 5, is transferred to the blade flange 4 and the support disc 5.
Between the pressure chamber and the pressure chamber, which is limited by the sealing device 10. All pressure surfaces are ensured so that they can be loaded by high-pressure oil through appropriately arranged grooves. The strain bolt 6 expands by the load of the high-pressure oil to offset the pressing force of the projection 7, and additionally a gap having a size of several tenths of a millimeter is generated. In this way, the structural group 4/5 can be lightly rotated with respect to the projection 7 of the boss body 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, a pin 11 and a slider 12 are provided for pivoting each support disk 5, which are arranged in a groove of the adjusting yoke 13. The adjusting yoke 13 is fluidly controlled by a servomotor consisting of a piston 14 and a cylinder 15. The piston 14 is connected to the adjusting yoke 13 by an adjusting rod 16.

The adjusting rod 16 is provided with various longitudinal holes which are connected in a known manner to the connections inside the vessel. The high-pressure oil passes through the hole 17 and the high-pressure hose 18
Through the blade flange 4 and the support disc 5 into the pressure chamber. The high pressure oil in the holes 19 initiates the movement of the servomotor 14 and thus the movement of the wings in the forward direction. The high pressure oil in the holes 20 initiates the movement of the servomotor 14 and thus the movement of the wings in the back direction.

The servomotor consisting of the piston 14 and the cylinder 15 has a small size, since the adjustment work is performed only with a stationary propeller and the adjustment force is small. And, in particular, the friction ratio in the blade sealing device is important.

After the adjusting operation has been completed, the high-pressure conduit 17 is relieved of pressure, whereby the strain bolt 6 is offset and the original frictional connection is reestablished.

In order to adjust the blade, two strictly defined pitch adjustments are made from both end positions of the servomotor 14. In the case of large rotation ranges (4 ° to 6 °), intermediate values are achieved by limiting the volume of supply to the servomotor. In other words, a pump with an extremely small discharge rate is used, and adjustment between the two end positions is an example.
It is configured to last from 30 seconds to 30 seconds. The time required for adjustment over the entire servomotor stroke is established as a metrology check. After that, the intermediate position can be adjusted with sufficient accuracy by limiting the pump discharge time and thus the amount of oil.

When the requirements regarding the adjustment accuracy are strict,
In the case of mobile propellers, the adjustment indicators known in the various embodiments can be used.

According to FIG. 1, a hole is provided in the propeller shaft for guiding the oil conduit to the inside of the ship, and a device for operating the device from the inside of the ship is provided. However, in the current diving technology, this is abandoned and the wings are adjusted by the diver.

As shown in FIG. 2, the connecting pipe lines 17, 19 are connected.
And 20 are not guided towards the inside of the vessel towards the front, but towards the rear edge of the boss structure towards the rear. In normal operation, the connection is closed by the cover. Special fittings are installed by the diver to adjust the wings, and the high pressure hose is combined with a pumping device movably mounted on the aft deck of the ship. The desired intermediate position is then achieved by the diver by means of the markings on the outer peripheral surface of the blade 4 and adjusted on the outer peripheral surface of the boss body 1. Of course, this device can also be used when the ship is located in the dry dock, or when the center of the propeller boss is located above the waterline after balancing the ship.

FIG. 1 shows an axial servomotor, while FIG. 2 shows a radial servomotor 2 with a rotary crown 22 for adjusting the support disk 5.
1 (shown in FIG. 3) is shown.

The present invention is directed to the case where it is desired to temporarily adjust a portion of a fluid machine which is reliably and immovably connected to another member of the fluid machine during normal operation and is affected by the flow. It can also be used for similar flow machines, such as turbines or pumps, for example.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 shows a regulating propeller according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 1a shows a longitudinal sectional view of a propeller boss, and FIG. 1b shows a transverse sectional view thereof.

2A and 2B are views of another embodiment of the adjusting propeller of the present invention, wherein FIG. 2A is a vertical sectional view, FIG. 2B is a horizontal sectional view, and FIG. 2C is a stopper arrangement. Shows.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the adjusting propeller of the present invention seen from the rear side.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Propeller Boss 2 Propeller Shaft 3 Propeller Blade 4 Flange 5 Support Disc 6 Strain Bolt 7 Protrusion 8 Fitting Pin 9 Stopper 10 Sealing Device 11 Pin 12 Slider 13 Adjusting Yoke 14 Piston 15 Cylinder 16 Adjusting Rod 17 Hole 18 High Pressure Hose 19, 20 holes 21 radial servo motor 22 rotating crown

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A device for changing the angular position of a blade of a rotor of a fluid machine, wherein the blade (3) is locked in the boss body (1) by a press connection, and the press connection is Device for changing the angular position of the blades of a rotor of a fluid machine, characterized in that it can be temporarily relaxed by the supply of high-pressure oil for the purpose of adjusting 3). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a press connection is formed between the support disc (5) and the flange (4) of the blade (3). 3. The press connection is formed by a substantially flat plane, the frictional force of said plane achieving the desired locking action of the blade during operation of the fluid machine. The apparatus according to 1 or 2. 4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that an adjusting mechanism for the blades (3) is arranged in the boss of the rotor. 5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that there is no means for enabling actuation of the adjusting mechanism when the rotor shaft rotates. 6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting mechanism operates within a limited angular range. 7. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the angular range is from 2 ° to 6 °. 8. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that there is an adjusting mechanism acting in common on all wings (3). 9. An adjustment mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that there is an adjusting mechanism which makes it possible to adjust the individual blades (3) individually and differently. Equipment. 10. A connection coupling device for high pressure oil for loosening the press coupling and adjusting the propeller blades extends through a hole (17) in the rotor shaft and out from the boss mechanism. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein 11. The device according to claim 1, wherein the rotor is a marine propeller. 12. Device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the connecting and coupling device is guided through the propeller shaft (2) into the interior of the vessel. 13. A high pressure oil connection coupling device for loosening the press connection and adjusting the propeller blades is guided at the rear end of the boss structure and in that position by means of a coupling and a high pressure hose. For example, it is possible to connect to a pump device on the deck of a ship,
The device according to claim 11. 14. The press joint is formed by a substantially flat and circular ring-shaped surface, and its outer diameter is greater than 50% of the outer boss outer peripheral length divided by the number of blades. Any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that
The device according to the item.