JPH06185812A - Solar heat collector - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To suppress a mixing ratio of hot water in a storage vessel to water to be newly supplied to a minimum limit with small air reservoir generated in the vessel by mounting on a wall, a veranda, a roof, etc., of a building by regulating it to a predetermined height. CONSTITUTION:Vacuum type solar heat collectors 12 are so mounted at a predetermined interval that a central axis of a glass vessel 12 has an angle of about 30 deg. to a central axis of an outlet side header tube 14.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solar heat collecting apparatus provided with a plurality of vacuum type solar heat collectors.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, vacuum type solar heat collectors that utilize the heat energy of sunlight as a heat source have been used in various industrial fields, and one of them is Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-56.
One end is sealed as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 387,
The other end is squeezed to a small diameter and opens, and a transparent long cylindrical glass container whose inside is held in vacuum, and one end is sealed,
The other end is narrowed to a small diameter and opened, and the whole is coaxially arranged inside the glass container via a support and has a volume of at least 60% or more of the inner volume of the glass container, and its outer surface is There exists a water storage container made of a metal having a cylindrical shape coated with a selective absorption film for solar heat energy, and a water guiding pipe inserted up to the vicinity of a sealed end in the water storage container.

When using such a vacuum solar heat collector, the glass container is installed so that the angle of the central axis of the glass container with respect to the ground, that is, the angle to the ground is about 15 to 25 °,
The open end of the metallic water storage container is connected to the outlet-side header pipe located above it, and one end of the water conduit is connected to the inlet-side header pipe located above it. Then, one end of the header pipe on the inlet side is connected to a water supply pressure source such as tap water via a pressure reducing check valve, and water is supplied into the metal water storage container via a water guiding pipe connected to the header pipe. After warming by pumping for a certain period of time in the water storage container made of water, the water in the metal water storage container is pushed up to the header pipe on the outlet side by supplying water from the water conduit to the water storage container made of metal. The method of taking out hot water is adopted.

[0004]

By the way, when manufacturing the above-mentioned vacuum type solar heat collector, the manufacturing cost required for the glass container is the highest, and in order to reduce the cost, the length of the glass container is made as long as possible. However, it is preferable to reduce the number.

Therefore, generally, 12 glass containers are used.
Although the one having a length of 00 mm or more is used,
When installing several of these in a house or building, there are space restrictions depending on the installation location, and the ground angle is about 15 ~
It may not be possible to install it at 25 °.

As such an installation location, there is a building wall or a veranda, but if a plurality of the above vacuum solar heat collectors are installed in parallel so that the ground angle is 90 ° or an angle close thereto. It can be installed in a small space.

However, with such an installation method, there is a limit to the mounting height on the wall of the building, and if this is lower than the length of the glass container, it cannot be mounted. In addition, when multiple vacuum solar heat collectors are installed side by side on the balcony so that the ground angle is about 90 ° and used as a fence, the height is too high and the outside of the balcony is There is a risk of obstructing the field of view, and if the design requires a fence with a height of less than 1200 mm, it cannot be attached.

If the vacuum type solar heat collector is attached so that the central axis of the glass container is parallel to the ground, that is, horizontal, an air pool can be formed over the upper part of the metallic water storage container to store water. This is not preferable because the amount of water is drastically reduced and the mixing ratio of the hot water in the metal water storage container and the newly supplied water increases.

The object of the present invention is to adjust the height to a predetermined level and install it on the wall of a building, a veranda, a rooftop, etc. Moreover, the amount of air accumulated in the water storage container is small, and An object of the present invention is to provide a solar heat collector capable of minimizing the mixing ratio of hot water and newly supplied water.

[0010]

The solar heat collector of the present invention has one end sealed and the other end narrowed to a small diameter and opened.
The inside is kept in a vacuum, and a transparent long cylindrical glass container having a length of 1200 mm or more and one end is sealed,
The other end is narrowed to a small diameter and opened, and the whole is coaxially arranged inside the glass container via a support and has a volume of at least 60% or more of the inner volume of the glass container, and its outer surface is Each vacuum-type solar heat collector is equipped with multiple cylindrical vacuum solar heat collectors that have a cylindrical metal water storage container coated with a selective absorption film and a water guiding tube that is inserted up to the closed end of the metal water storage container. The open end of the metallic water storage container of the heater is connected to the outlet-side header pipe, and one end of the water guiding pipe is connected to the inlet-side header pipe. 10 to 80 with respect to the central axis of the side header pipe
Installed at regular intervals with an angle of °, the outlet side header pipe and the inlet side header pipe are located above each vacuum solar heat collector, and their central axes are substantially horizontal. It is characterized by being arranged as follows.

Further, the solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the inlet-side header pipe is coaxially arranged inside the outlet-side header pipe.

[0012]

According to the solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention, since the glass container of the vacuum solar heat collector has a length of 1200 mm or more, it is possible to use a water container having a large amount of water stored and the outlet side. It can be adjusted to a predetermined height by changing the angle of the central axis of the glass container with respect to the central axis of the header tube within a range of 10 to 80 °, and the central axis of each header tube is arranged to be substantially horizontal. Therefore, it can be used as a balcony or a rooftop fence, and is also excellent in design.

However, if the angle of the central axis of the glass container with respect to the central axis of the outlet-side header pipe is smaller than 10 °, a large air pool will be generated in the upper part of the metallic water storage container, and the hot water inside the water storage container will be replaced by a new one. The mixing ratio with the water supplied to the tank increases. Further, it becomes difficult to attach the vacuum solar heat collector and each header tube, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the above angle is greater than 80 °, it cannot be mounted on the wall of a building with a limited mounting height, or it becomes difficult to use it as a fence such as a balcony or a rooftop.

Further, in the present invention, since the vacuum solar heat collector is attached to the header tube at the angle as described above, the shadow of the glass container is hard to fall on the adjacent glass container during the daytime, and the heat collecting efficiency is high. Become.

In the present invention, the inlet side header pipe is
When the header pipes are coaxially arranged inside the header pipes, the header pipes will have a higher mounting strength than when they are mounted separately from each other, and the water in the inlet header pipes Warmed by hot water,
It is preferable because it hardly freezes.

[0016]

EXAMPLES The solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail below based on examples.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a fence 10 comprising the solar heat collector of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the fence 10 of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state attached to.

The solar heat collector shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a large number of vacuum solar heat collectors 12 and an inlet-side header pipe 13.
And an outlet-side header pipe 14, which are mounted in a stainless fixed frame 15 that forms the peripheral portion of the fence 10. Inlet header tube 13
Is disposed coaxially inside the outlet-side header pipe 14,
Around it, a heat insulating material 16 made of foamed urethane is filled. Further, the vacuum solar heat collectors 12 are mounted at regular intervals such that the central axis of the glass container 17 forms an angle of approximately 30 ° with the central axis of the outlet-side header tube 14. Metal blind cover plates 18 are attached to the lower right and upper left portions (not shown) of the fence 10 where the vacuum solar heat collector 12 is not provided.

The transparent long cylindrical glass container 17 constituting the vacuum solar heat collector 12 has one end sealed and the other end narrowed to a small diameter to open, and the inside has a predetermined degree of vacuum (eg, It is held at 10 ⁻⁵ Torr) and has a length of 2000 mm and an outer diameter of 126 mm. Inside the glass container 17, one end is sealed, the other end is squeezed to a small diameter to open, and an outer surface is covered with a selective absorption film (not shown),
A long cylindrical metal water storage container 19 having a volume of 60% or more of the glass container 17 is arranged.

The metallic water storage container 19 is made of stainless steel or copper, and a water guiding pipe 20 is inserted therein, and one end of the water guiding pipe 20 is brazed to the inlet side header pipe 13. One end of a metallic connection pipe 21 is brazed to the small-diameter opening of the metal water storage container 19, and the other end of the connection pipe 21 is brazed to the outlet-side header pipe 14. The water conduit 20 is inserted so that one end thereof is located in the interior of the metal water storage container 19.

The glass container 17 is manufactured by welding the ends of two glass caps formed in a predetermined shape to a glass tube forming the outer shell member of the vacuum solar heat collector 12. At the center of one glass cap,
An exhaust pipe 17a is formed. The exhaust pipe 17a is closed after exhausting the inside of the glass container 17, and a rubber cap 22 is fitted thereon. One end of the glass sealing metal fitting 23 is attached to the open end of the glass container 17. The glass sealing metal fitting 23 has a cylindrical shape, and has a glass container 17
And the glass container 17 is soda lime glass, for example, 42% Ni-6%
In the case of Cr steel or borosilicate glass, it is made of Kovar alloy or the like.

The metallic water storage container 19 is formed by processing a metal plate into a cylindrical shape and welding the joints thereof to form a side body portion, and then, at both end openings thereof, a heat that is the same as or close to the side body portion is formed. It is manufactured by welding and sealing a sealing cap made of a metal material having an expansion coefficient. For the sealing cap located on the closed end side of the metal water storage container 19,
A small-diameter outer peripheral portion is formed, and support members 24 and 25 made of wire springs are attached to this portion, whereby the metallic water storage container 19 can be coaxially supported in the glass container 17 while allowing thermal expansion and contraction. Becomes

At the other end of the glass sealing metal fitting 23, one end of a cylindrical intermediate metal fitting 26 is welded to cover the outer periphery thereof, and the other end is welded to the connecting pipe 21. Intermediate fitting 26
Is made of the same metal as the connecting pipe 21 or a metal having a substantially same thermal expansion coefficient and excellent corrosion resistance.

In each vacuum type solar heat collector 12 having such a configuration, a part of the bottom portion of the vacuum solar heat collector 12 is located below the fixed frame 15.
It is received and reliably supported by a rubber support member 27 attached at a predetermined position.

In FIG. 3, the fence 10 is installed on the rooftop 1 of the building.
It is explanatory drawing which attaches to 1 and shows the state seen from the side surface. On the rooftop 11 of the building, a plurality of support rods 28 made of stainless steel are vertically attached at regular intervals, and the fence 10 is attached so that the ground angle is about 80 °, and the exit side header is attached. The pipe 14 and the inlet-side header pipe 13 are arranged above each vacuum solar heat collector 12 so that their central axes are substantially horizontal. The fixed frame 15 above the fence 10 is bolted to the support rod 28 via the metal fitting 29, and the fixed frame 15 below it is bolted to the roof 11 of the building via the metal fitting 30. The fence 10 is fixed to the roof 11 of the building, and its height is about 1250 mm.

In the fence 10 comprising such a solar heat collector, one end of the inlet-side header pipe 13 is connected to the tap water through a pressure reducing check valve (not shown), and water is supplied from the header pipe 13. , Water is supplied to the vicinity of the bottom of the metal water storage container 19 through the water conduit 20, and after being pumped for a certain period of time with full water, when the hot water tap (not shown) of the kitchen or bathtub is opened, As a result, new water flows into the metal water storage container 19, the warmed water is pushed out to the outlet-side header pipe 14 through the gap between the water conduit 20 and the connecting pipe 21, and is taken out from the hot water tap.

As described above, when the water was fine in the midsummer, water was supplied into the metallic water storage container 19, was pumped in the daytime, and was taken out of water. The hot water temperature was 86 ° C.

When the solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention is used as a fence, it can be mounted by leaning against an existing fence in addition to the above-mentioned mounting. In view of the external appearance, the short glass container may be arranged as a so-called dummy without being connected to the header tube, or may be left as a space without attaching anything.

Further, the present invention is not limited to such an application, but can be attached to a wall of a building as described above.

[0030]

As described above, the solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention is installed so that the central axis of each header tube is substantially horizontal and can be adjusted to a predetermined height, so that the height is limited. It can be used as a wall of a building, a balcony, a fence on the rooftop, etc., and is also excellent in design.

Further, the amount of air accumulated in the water storage container is small, the mixing ratio of the hot water in the water storage container and the newly supplied water can be minimized, and the shadow of the glass container is adjacent to the adjacent glass. It has high heat collection efficiency because it does not easily fall into the container.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a fence including a solar heat collector of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the fence of FIG. 1 is attached to the roof of a building.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Fence 11 Rooftop of Building 12 Vacuum Solar Heat Collector 13 Header Header Tube 14 Outlet Header Tube 15 Fixed Frame 17 Glass Container 18 Blind Plate 19 Metal Water Storage Container 20 Water Pipe

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A transparent long cylindrical glass container having one end hermetically sealed, the other end squeezed to a small diameter and opened, the inside being kept in a vacuum, and a length of 1200 mm or more, and one end hermetically sealed. The other end is narrowed to a small diameter and opened, and the whole is coaxially arranged inside the glass container via a support, and has a volume of at least 60% or more of the inner volume of the glass container, and the outer surface thereof. Each of the vacuum type solar heat collectors has a cylindrical metal water storage container coated with a selective absorption film and a water guiding tube inserted up to near the closed end of the metal water storage container. The open end of the metallic water storage container of the solar heat collector is connected to the outlet side header pipe, and one end of the water conduit is connected to the inlet side header pipe, each vacuum solar heat collector,
The glass container is attached at regular intervals such that the central axis of the glass container forms an angle of 10 to 80 ° with respect to the central axis of the outlet-side header pipe, and the outlet-side header pipe and the inlet-side header pipe are each vacuumed. Located above the solar collector
A solar heat collecting apparatus, wherein the central axis of the solar heat collecting apparatus is arranged to be substantially horizontal. 2. The solar heat collector according to claim 1, wherein the inlet-side header pipe is coaxially arranged inside the outlet-side header pipe.