JPH06182251A - Device for sorting specific gravity of plastics - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the subject device excellent in the classifying efficiency of crushed fragments of waste plastics and low in the power consumption of the device and capable of industrially treating the waste plastics in large quantities. CONSTITUTION:A channel 1 is provided extending over a prescribed length and a hopper 4 into which materials to be sorted with different specific gravity are fed is provided in the upper part of one end of the channel. A water feeding port 3 for jetting a liquid medium to push materials to be sorted in it and a defoaming device for removing bubbled stuck on each surface of the material to be sorted are provided in the vicinity of lower part of the hopper. A sorting part 9 for sorting the material to be sorted by using the individual difference in specific gravity of them is provided in the channel, and a circulating device 2 is provided at the other end of the channel 1. Then, water is fed. And a carry-out means 10 having plural receiving boxes 13 for taking out the sorted materials to the outside is provided.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a specific gravity sorting apparatus for separating and treating used in general waste and industrial waste treatment systems, and in particular for separately collecting and reusing various mixed waste plastics. To a specific gravity sorting device for sorting plastic waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Among general wastes or industrial wastes discharged in a large amount, the amount of plastic wastes is increasing, and it is difficult to deal with the wastes. When waste plastics are incinerated, they generate toxic gas and cause pollution problems, and when they are disposed of in landfills, the volume ratio is large, which causes instability such as ground subsidence after landfilling. It creates and requires vast land.
In particular, regarding the treatment of industrial waste that is becoming larger, unless the waste plastic is separated and removed, high temperature combustion is required during incineration, and the durability of the incinerator becomes a problem. In addition, in the case of landfill disposal, there are also problems such as soaring landfill disposal costs, transportation costs and other processing costs.

Therefore, as a method of separating such waste plastics without landfilling, for example, the electrostatic separation method described in JP-A-52-86452 and JP-A-50-142681. The liquid cyclone method described in the publications and the like and the method described in JP-A-56-56246 are available.

[0004]

In the above-mentioned prior art, the electrostatic separation method is based on a method in which a high DC voltage is applied to an aggregate of plastic films made of various materials within a time period in which static electricity generated in the plastic films does not disappear. Pass between the electrode plates to which is applied, and the sign of static electricity (positive, negative)
Alternatively, the plastic film is selected according to the type by utilizing that the film is attracted and repelled by the positive electrode plate or the negative electrode plate depending on the charge amount. That is, it is a method of passing waste plastic through a high-voltage electric field and separating it by utilizing the difference between the attraction force and the repulsion force by electrostatic induction. This method has a problem that the separation efficiency varies depending on the size (mass) of the waste plastic crushed pieces, and it requires high voltage generation equipment, raw material drying equipment, fine pulverization equipment, etc. is there.

In the liquid cyclone method, a liquid and waste plastic crushed pieces are fed tangentially to the container wall from the upper part of the separation container, and a descending swirl flow of the liquid along the container wall surface and an ascending swirl flow toward the center. Among the crushed plastic pieces, those with a large difference in specific gravity with the liquid are placed in the descending swirl flow and settled to be discharged from the lower part of the container, and those with a small difference in specific gravity with the liquid are sucked into the ascending swirl flow and raised. The waste plastic is separated by making it overflow from the upper part of the container.
That is, it is a method of separating the waste plastic crushed pieces by using the swirling flow of the liquid by the difference in specific gravity. In this liquid cyclone method, there are problems that the power consumption of the liquid circulation pump that feeds the liquid and the waste plastic crushed pieces into the separation container increases, and the separation efficiency varies depending on the size (mass) of the waste plastic crushed pieces. .

The specific gravity selection method was a method in which various kinds of plastics were put into a water tank having a predetermined stirring device and the mixture was separated into those which float according to the difference in specific gravity and those which sediment.
Further, in the one described in JP-A-56-56246, the floating plastic is further classified into two types.
There is a problem that if the settled plastic also contains reusable plastic, it cannot be separated.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to the problems of the prior art as described above, and its object is to efficiently separate the waste plastic crushed pieces and to reduce the power consumption of the apparatus. Another object of the present invention is to provide a specific gravity sorting apparatus for plastics that can be industrially processed in large quantities.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the apparatus for selecting the specific gravity of plastic mixed waste according to the present invention comprises:
In a specific gravity sorting device that uses a liquid medium having an appropriate specific gravity and sorts objects to be sorted by a mixture having different specific gravities by floatation and sedimentation, a water channel provided over a predetermined length and a specific gravity at an upper end of one end of the water channel are different. A hopper that puts the objects to be sorted, a water supply port that injects a liquid medium that pushes the objects to be sorted that have been introduced from the hopper into the liquid medium into the water channel near the lower part of the hopper, and adheres to each surface of the objects to be sorted The defoaming device for removing the formed bubbles, and the specific gravity difference between the underwater channel having the upper guide for preventing the floating of the object to be sorted on the downstream side of the defoaming device in the channel and the specific gravity of the object to be sorted are used. And a drainage unit that discharges the liquid medium in the circulation device at the other end of the water channel, and is configured to guide the liquid medium of the circulation device to the water supply port. Transporting the sorted items to the outside In addition to providing a means, a partition is provided at the bottom of the sorting part in the sorting part in the direction of the liquid medium in the sorting part to divide into a plurality of receiving boxes, and a stirring means is provided in the receiving box on the upstream side of the flow of the liquid medium. It is a thing.

Further, in a specific gravity sorting apparatus which uses a liquid medium having an appropriate specific gravity and sorts an object to be sorted consisting of a mixture having different specific gravities by floating and sedimentation, a water channel provided over a predetermined length and one end of the water channel. A hopper for inputting the objects to be sorted having different specific gravities to the upper part, a water supply port for injecting a liquid medium for pushing the objects to be sorted introduced into the water channel into the liquid channel near the lower part of the hopper, and a material to be sorted A defoaming device that removes air bubbles adhering to each surface, an upper guide that prevents floating of the object to be sorted on the downstream side of the defoaming device in the water channel, and that the object to be sorted and the liquid medium flow quickly. An underwater channel formed by the lower guide, a sorting section for sorting by utilizing the difference in specific gravity of the objects to be sorted, and a draining section for discharging the liquid medium to the other end of the channel by a circulation device. , The circulation device The liquid medium of the above is configured to be guided to the water supply port and provided with a carry-out means for taking out the sorted objects to be sorted out, and the bottom of the sorting unit is partitioned by a partition in the flow direction of the liquid medium in the sorting unit. A receiving box is provided, and a bypass path is provided which leads from at least one of the side surface and the bottom surface of the receiving box from the vicinity of the water supply port or the middle of the lower guide.

Further, in a specific gravity sorting apparatus which uses a liquid medium having an appropriate specific gravity and sorts objects to be sorted consisting of a mixture having different specific gravities by floatation and sedimentation, a water channel provided over a predetermined length and one end of the water channel. A hopper for inputting the objects to be sorted having different specific gravities to the upper part, a water supply port for injecting a liquid medium for pushing the objects to be sorted introduced into the water channel into the liquid channel near the lower part of the hopper, and a material to be sorted A defoaming device that removes air bubbles adhering to each surface, an upper guide that prevents floating of the object to be sorted on the downstream side of the defoaming device in the water channel, and that the object to be sorted and the liquid medium flow quickly. An underwater channel formed by the lower guide, a sorting section for sorting by utilizing the difference in specific gravity of the objects to be sorted, and a draining section for discharging the liquid medium to the other end of the channel by a circulation device. , The circulation device Constitute the liquid medium so as to guide the water supply port, thereby constituting a discharge means for extracting the sorted object sorted matters to the outside is provided with a small guide to the water in the water channel.

The agitating means provided in the receiving box is one or more on at least one side surface or bottom surface of the receiving box upstream of the flow of the liquid medium among the receiving boxes provided at the bottom of the sorting section. It is configured by the provided liquid medium ejection port.

Further, one or a plurality of agitating means provided in the receiving box are provided so as to inject toward the bottom surface of the receiving box upstream of the flow of the liquid medium among the receiving boxes provided in the bottom of the sorting section. It is composed of individual liquid medium ejection ports.

Further, the inside of the receiving box is agitated by the carrying-out means provided in each of the receiving boxes.

Further, the stirring means provided in the receiving box is formed such that the bottom of the receiving box on the upstream side of the flow of the liquid medium in the sorting section becomes gradually shallower toward the downstream side of the flow of the liquid medium, and One or a plurality of injection ports for ejecting a liquid medium are provided on at least one of the side surface and the bottom surface.

Further, the bottom of the receiving box on the upstream side of the flow of the liquid medium in the sorting section is formed so as to become gradually shallower toward the downstream side of the flow of the liquid medium.

Further, in the sorting section, a partition is provided at the bottom of the sorting section in the flow direction of the liquid medium to divide it into a plurality of receiving boxes, and the liquid medium is injected into the receiving box on the upstream side of the flow of the liquid medium. It has a mouth.

In the sorting section, a partition is provided at the bottom of the sorting section in the flow direction of the liquid medium to divide it into a plurality of receiving boxes, and the bottom of the receiving box on the upstream side of the flow of the liquid medium flows into the liquid medium flow. It is formed so that it becomes gradually shallower toward the downstream side.

Further, in the sorting section, a partition is provided at the bottom of the sorting section in the flow direction of the liquid medium to divide it into a plurality of receiving boxes, and the bottom of the receiving box on the upstream side of the flow of the liquid medium flows to the liquid medium flow. A bypass passage is formed so that it gradually becomes shallower toward the downstream side of the container, and a bypass passage that leads from the middle of the water inlet or the middle of the lower guide to at least one side surface or bottom surface of the receiving box is provided, and the upstream side of the flow of the liquid medium. Is connected to an injection port of a liquid medium provided on at least one of the side surface and the bottom surface of the receiving box.

Further, a bypass passage for the liquid medium that connects the sorting side and the water supply port side is provided near the liquid medium water surface of the upper guide.

[0020]

The operation of the specific gravity sorting apparatus having the above-mentioned structure will be described by taking as an example a sorting process of plastic waste made of a mixture of plastics having various different specific gravities.

The specific gravity of a large amount of plastic waste discharged is 0.90 to 0.98 for polyethylene,
0.90 to 0.96 for polypropylene, 1.02 to 1.15 for polystyrene, 1.03 to 1.0 for ABS resin
9. Phenol resin is 1.25 to 1.30 and polyvinyl chloride is 1.33 to 1.45. Therefore, a case where water is used as a liquid medium for specific gravity selection will be described as an example.

The specific gravity sorting apparatus of the present invention includes a water channel for flowing water, a circulator for water, a hopper for throwing plastic waste into one upper end of the water channel, and a plastic waste thrown from a hopper near a lower portion of the hopper in the water channel. Is sent from the circulation device and pushed into the water by the water sprayed from the water supply port. At this time, bubbles are attached to the surface of the plastic waste to reduce the apparent specific gravity of the plastic, and the specific gravity sorting becomes inaccurate. However, in the specific gravity sorting device of the present invention, the bubbles attached to the individual surfaces of the plastic waste are Since the defoaming device for removing the air bubbles and the underwater channel formed by the upper guide are provided, the plastic waste is removed from the bubbles adhering to the surface by the defoaming device and sent to the sorting section without touching the air.

In the sorting section, polyethylene and polypropylene having a smaller specific gravity than water float on the water surface, and polystyrene, ABS resin, phenol resin and polyvinyl chloride having a larger specific gravity than water sink to the bottom of the sorting section. Among the plastics that sink in water at this time, polystyrene and ABS resin have a smaller specific gravity than phenol resin and polyvinyl chloride, and the sedimentation speed is slower than that of phenol resin and polyvinyl chloride. Many. Since the bottom of this sorting section is equipped with a plurality of compartments divided by partitions, the upstream compartment contains a large amount of polyvinyl chloride and phenol resin, which have a large specific gravity, and the downstream compartment. As it becomes larger, more polystyrene and ABS resin will be added.

A water injection port is further provided in the upstream receiving box. When water is injected from this injection port into the receiving box to agitate the plastic in the receiving box, polystyrene and ABS resin having a low specific gravity are used. Floats above polyvinyl chloride and phenolic resin, rides on the circulating flow of the water channel and flows into the receiving box on the downstream side. This action allows the selection of plastics that settle in water.

The position of the injection port provided at the bottom of the specific gravity selection device selection unit is one or more on one or both of the side surface or the bottom surface of the upstream side receiving box, and the circulation flow is generated by the jet flow from the injection port. It is possible to sort out the settled plastic by pushing out the plastic that floats in the direction, but it is possible to enhance the stirring effect of the plastic by jetting the jet from the jet port to the bottom of the box to make the sorting more effective. I can.

Further, by making the bottom of the receiving box on the upstream side gradually shallower toward the downstream side of the flow of the liquid medium, it becomes possible to separate relatively light polystyrene or ABS resin with a jet flow weaker than the above.

Water can be supplied to the injection port provided in the receiving box of the sorting section from an external pump or circulation device, but an upper guide for preventing the plastic from floating and a lower section for allowing the plastic and water to flow quickly. A bypass passage may be provided which leads from the midway of the underwater channel formed by the guide or the vicinity of the water supply port to the side surface or the bottom surface of the receiving box, or both surfaces thereof.

When a small guide is provided in the underwater channel,
The average flow velocity of the circulating flow flowing through the water channel is increased at the latest by the small guide, and the velocity of the polystyrene and ABS resin, which has slow sedimentation, is carried to the downstream receiving chamber by this flow. In addition, a stirring action in the receiving box can be expected. Further, if an injection port is provided in the receiving box as in the above example, the action of injection improves the selection of plastics. This method can reduce the power of the circulation device by slowing the circulation flow rate.

Further, in the above-mentioned specific gravity sorting apparatus, the plastic having a smaller specific gravity than water may spread and float on the water surface of the sorting section. In the present invention, since the water bypass path connecting the selection side and the water supply side is provided in the vicinity of the liquid medium water surface of the upper guide, the water jetting force from the water supply port causes the bypass section to supply water to the bypass path. Water flows to the side. Since this bypass path is located on the water surface, the water surface flow of the sorting section flows to the upstream side of the water channel of the specific gravity sorting device, and floating plastic can be collected on the upper guide side. By providing the carry-out means in this portion, the carry-out means can be made smaller.

[0030]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 are vertical cross-sectional views showing the structure of the specific gravity sorting device. 1 and 2, 1 is a water channel for specific gravity selection, 2 is a circulation device for circulating a liquid medium for specific gravity selection in the water channel 1, 3 is a liquid medium supplied from the circulation device 2 in the water channel 1. Water inlet 4 for supplying water to the hopper, 4 is a hopper for inputting an object to be sorted made of a mixture of plastics having different specific gravities, 5 is a stirrer for removing bubbles adhering to the surface of the object to be crushed input from the hopper 4, 6 is an upper part An underwater channel formed by the guide 7 and the lower guide 8,
9 is a carrying-out means 10 for taking out the sorted objects to be sorted out.
The selection unit 11 including a, 10b, and 10c is a drainage unit. Receiving boxes 13a and 13b formed by a partition 12 are provided at the bottom of the sorting section 9, and the drainage section 11 includes a strainer 14 installed at the downstream end of the water channel 1 and a resistance plate 1.
5 and the drainage duct 16. Also, the sorting section 9
An injection port 17 is provided at the bottom of the device, and the liquid medium from the circulation device 2 is injected into the bottom of the receiving box by adjusting the flow rate with the valve 18.

In the above structure, the objects to be sorted, which are introduced from the hopper 4 into the water channel 1 and are made of mixed plastics having different specific gravities, are pushed into the liquid medium by the liquid medium injected from the water supply port 3. At this time, plastics often have air bubbles attached to the surface thereof, and these air bubbles have a great influence on the selection efficiency of the specific gravity selection, and therefore it is necessary to remove the air bubbles. For this reason, in the present embodiment, the stirring device 5 is provided, and the stirring action of the stirring device 5 removes the bubbles. In this way, the objects to be sorted from which the bubbles attached to the surface have been removed are exposed to air so that the bubbles do not attach again.
It is conveyed to the sorting section 9 through the underwater channel 6 formed by the upper guide 7 and the lower guide 8. In the sorting section 9, the objects to be sorted having a smaller specific gravity than the liquid medium such as polyethylene or polypropylene float and gather on the liquid medium water surface 101 of the sorting section 9.

On the other hand, the substances to be sorted having a larger specific gravity than the liquid medium such as polystyrene, ABS resin, phenol resin and polyvinyl chloride settle and enter the receiving boxes 13a and 13b.
Among the sedimented objects to be sorted, those having a low specific gravity such as polystyrene and ABS resin mainly enter the receiving box 13b by riding the circulating flow, and those having a large specific gravity such as phenol resin and polyvinyl chloride mainly receive the receiving box because they settle quickly. Thirteen
However, it is not perfect if only the circulation flow is selected, and the receiving box 13a also includes one having a relatively small specific gravity. The injection port 17 is provided to select a container having a relatively small specific gravity in the receiving box 13a. By jetting the liquid medium from the jet port 17 toward the bottom of the box 13a as shown by the arrow 102, the substances to be sorted that have entered the receiving box 13a are agitated again, and the specific gravity of polystyrene, ABS resin or the like is increased. A relatively small object floats and rides on the circulating flow again and flows into the receiving box 13b.

By this action, it becomes possible to further sort the substances to be sorted in the sorting section 9 by the difference in specific gravity.
The plastic selected in this way is the unloading means 10
a, 10b, 10c are taken out to the outside. On the other hand, the liquid medium is sucked into the circulation device 2 via the drainage unit 11. Here, the drainage unit 11 is composed of a strainer 14, a resistance plate 15, and a drainage duct 16. The strainer 14 is provided to prevent the object to be sorted from being sucked into the circulation device 2, Resistance plate 15 and drainage duct 1
6 is provided to make the velocity distribution of the circulating flow in the sorting section 9 uniform.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the direction of injection from the injection port 17 is the same as the flow direction of the circulating flow, the receiving box 13a.
It is effective for selecting the sedimented material. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, when the direction of injection from the injection port 17 is opposite to the flow direction of the circulation flow, it is effective to again agitate and sort even the things accumulated at the bottom of the receiving box 13a.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the specific gravity sorting apparatus of this embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the details of the receiving box. In the present embodiment, an example is shown in which the shape of the receiving box 13 of the selecting section 9 is changed and the sedimented objects are selected into three types, and the bottoms of the receiving boxes 13a and 13b on the upstream side of the circulation flow 103 are shown. 19
A and 19b are formed obliquely. This receiving box 13a,
As shown in FIG. 4, jet ports 17a and 17b are provided on the bottoms 19a and 19b or the side surfaces of 13b, respectively, so that the liquid medium can be jetted.

With this structure, the receiving box 1
The objects to be sorted that have entered the 3a are the side surfaces 20a of the receiving box 13a.
And liquid medium 1 ejected from the ejection port 17a of the bottom 19a
The phenol resin, polystyrene, and ABS resin, which have a relatively small specific gravity of the plastic settled by 02a, float as shown by the broken line arrow 104, flow on the circulation flow 103 to the receiving box 13b, and polyvinyl chloride having a large specific gravity As shown by the broken line arrow 105, it accumulates at the lowest point of the bottom of the receiving box 13a along the bottom 19a of the receiving box 13a. on the other hand,
The phenol resin, polystyrene, ABS resin having a relatively small specific gravity conveyed to the receiving box 13b by the circulation flow 103 and the phenol resin, polystyrene, ABS resin floating in the receiving box 13a and entering the receiving box 13b are stored in the receiving box 13b. Similarly, the liquid medium 102 ejected from the side surface 20b of the receiving box 13b and the ejection port 17b of the bottom 19b.
Among the plastics that have entered the receiving box 13b by b, polystyrene and ABS resin having a small specific gravity float and flow to the receiving box 13c, and the phenol resin having a large specific gravity remains in the receiving box 13b for selection.

A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 are vertical cross-sectional views of the specific gravity sorting apparatus of this embodiment. In this embodiment, the liquid medium to be jetted to the bottom of the sorting unit 9 is directly supplied from the circulation device 2 from the middle of the lower guide 8.
In the specific gravity sorting apparatus shown in Fig. 6, the receiving box 17 has the same structure as in the first embodiment, and in the specific gravity sorting apparatus shown in Fig. 6,
The receiving box 17 is formed obliquely as in the second embodiment. That is, the bypass passage 21 through which the liquid medium flows is provided from the middle of the lower guide 8 to the portion of the receiving box 13a on the upstream side of the sorting unit 9, and the plastic to be sorted flows into the bypass passage 21 at the entrance of the bypass passage 21. A filter 22 is provided so as not to exist. This bypass passage 2
Part of the liquid medium jetted from the water supply port 3 by 1 passes through the bypass passage 21 and is jetted from the jet port 17 of the upstream side receiving box 13a of the sorting section 9 to perform sorting.

A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the specific gravity sorting device of this embodiment,
As the stirring means in the receiving box 13a of the sorting section 9, the receiving box 1
The flow velocity of the circulation flow in the vicinity of 3a is increased to cause flow turbulence in the receiving box 13a. That is, the small guide 23 is provided in the underwater channel 6 so that a large amount of the liquid medium flows in the underwater channel 6 on the lower guide 8 side. As a result, at the exit of the underwater channel 6, the receiving box 13
Only the liquid medium immediately above a becomes faster and the receiving box 13a
Vortices and the like are generated inside, the plastic in the receiving box 13a is agitated, and the polystyrene styrene and ABS resin having a relatively small specific gravity float and flow to the receiving box 13b for selection. As another method, a method of increasing the flow rate of the circulating flow of the liquid medium can be considered. However, in this method, the total flow velocity of the liquid medium circulation flow is increased, so that it is possible that the sorting between the settling plastics is deteriorated and the input of the circulation device is increased.
On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the flow rate of the circulating flow is not increased, and the liquid medium flow velocity is also locally accelerated,
Good selection of plastics.

A fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the specific gravity sorting device of this embodiment,
In order to more reliably stir the inside of the receiving box 13a, the configurations of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 are combined, and the operation is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiments. The feature of this embodiment is that the water supply port 3 is provided on the upper part of the upper guide 7.
That is, the upper passage 24 through which the liquid medium flows is provided between the side and the sorting section 9 side. This is configured such that the liquid medium of the sorting unit 9 is drawn into the water supply port 3 side by the injection of the liquid medium from the water supply port 3, and the upper passage 24 is provided at the water surface 101 of the liquid medium. Water surface 101 of the liquid medium of part 9
Part flows to the water supply port 3 side, and the water surface 10 of the sorting part 9
A flow in the direction indicated by arrow 106 is generated in part 1. As a result, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc. having a smaller specific gravity than the liquid medium selected and floated by the selection unit 9 ride on the flow on the water surface and gather at the upper guide. Therefore, the carry-out means 10a may be provided on the upper guide 7 side of the sorting section 9, and the carry-out means 10a can be downsized.

A sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the carry-out device. In the above embodiment, the inside of the receiving box 13a is agitated by the liquid medium, but in the present example, the inside of the receiving box 13a is agitated by the carry-out means 10b provided at the place of the receiving box 13a. . The carrying-out means 10b collects the plastic in the receiving box 13a and conveys it to the outside by a scraper 26 fixed to a towing means 25 such as a chain. The slanted arms are provided between the scrapers 26. 27 is provided. By pulling the pulling means 25 in the direction of the arrow 107, the scraper 26 collects the plastic in the receiving box 13a.

On the other hand, the slanted arm 27 scoops up the plastic in the receiving box 13a. Of the scooped plastics, vinyl chloride and phenol resin, which have a large specific gravity, settle again, are collected by the scraper 26, and are carried out to the outside.
The resin rides on the circulating flow and is carried to the receiving box 13b. In this way, the plastics can be selected by the stirring action of the carry-out means 10b.

[0042]

As described above, according to the present invention, water or an aqueous medium having a specific gravity suitable for selecting a plastic mixture is used, and a specific plastic is selected from a mixture of plastics composed of plastics having different specific gravities. In the specific gravity sorting device for sorting, the water inlet for injecting the liquid medium that pushes into the liquid medium the material to be sorted that has been introduced from the hopper near the bottom of the hopper in the water channel, and the bubbles that have adhered to the individual surfaces of the material to be sorted Provide a defoaming device to remove,
A submerged water channel having an upper guide for preventing floating of the object to be sorted on the downstream side of the defoaming device in the water channel, and a sorting unit for sorting using the difference in specific gravity between the objects to be sorted, and the sorted object to be sorted In the sorting section, a partition is provided at the bottom of the sorting section in the flow direction of the liquid medium in the sorting section to divide it into a plurality of receiving boxes, and the inside of the receiving box is agitated in the receiving box on the upstream side. By providing the means for controlling, it is possible to efficiently separate the plastics of the objects to be sorted which have settled in the receiving box, so that it is possible to sort plastic wastes into many kinds with one device. As a result, plastic waste is generally sorted by type, which facilitates the recycling of plastic. In addition, the power consumption of the device is low, and a large amount of industrial processing is possible.

Further, by providing the passage for passing the liquid medium in the vicinity of the water surface of the upper guide, it is possible to collect the floating plastics in the sorting section at one place, and it is also possible to reduce the cost of the apparatus by downsizing the discharging means. .

[0044]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of a specific gravity sorting apparatus which is a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of the specific gravity sorting device of the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of a specific gravity sorting apparatus which is a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing details of a receiving box portion.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of a specific gravity sorting apparatus which is a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of a specific gravity sorting device which is a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of a specific gravity sorting device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of a specific gravity sorting device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a carry-out means according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Water channel, 2 ... Circulation device, 3 ... Water inlet, 4 ... Hopper,
5 ... Stirring device, 6 ... Underwater channel, 7 ... Upper guide, 8 ... Lower guide, 9 ... Sorting part, 10a, 10b, 10c, 10
d ... carry-out means, 12 ... partition, 13a, 13b, 13c
... receiving box, 17 ... injection port, 21 ... bypass passage, 23 ...
Small guide.

Front Page Continuation (72) Inventor Tsutomu Hasegawa 4-6, Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside the Hitachi, Ltd. Electric Machinery Division (72) Inventor Toshiaki Misaka 1-1-14 Uchikanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Within Plant Construction Co., Ltd.

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A specific gravity sorting apparatus which uses a liquid medium having an appropriate specific gravity and sorts an object to be sorted consisting of a mixture having different specific gravities by floatation and sedimentation, and a water channel provided over a predetermined length and one end of the water channel. A hopper for inputting the objects to be sorted having different specific gravities to the upper part, a water supply port for injecting a liquid medium for pushing the objects to be sorted introduced into the water channel into the liquid channel near the lower part of the hopper, and a material to be sorted A defoaming device for removing air bubbles attached to each surface, and an underwater channel having an upper guide for preventing floating of the object to be sorted on the downstream side of the defoaming device in the channel and the individual objects to be sorted. A sorting unit that sorts by utilizing a difference in specific gravity and a drainage unit that discharges a liquid medium in a circulation device at the other end of the water channel are provided, and are configured to guide the liquid medium of the circulation device to the water supply port. , The sorted objects are external In addition to providing a carry-out means for taking out, a partition is provided at the bottom of the sorting section in the sorting section in the flow direction of the liquid medium to divide into a plurality of receiving boxes, and a stirring means is provided in the receiving box on the upstream side of the flow of the liquid medium. A specific gravity sorter characterized by being provided. 2. A specific gravity sorting apparatus which uses a liquid medium having an appropriate specific gravity and sorts objects to be sorted consisting of a mixture having different specific gravities by floatation and sedimentation, and a water channel provided over a predetermined length and one end of the water channel. A hopper for inputting the objects to be sorted having different specific gravities to the upper part, a water supply port for injecting a liquid medium for pushing the objects to be sorted introduced into the water channel into the liquid channel near the lower part of the hopper, and a material to be sorted A defoaming device that removes air bubbles adhering to each surface, an upper guide that prevents floating of the object to be sorted on the downstream side of the defoaming device in the water channel, and that the object to be sorted and the liquid medium flow quickly. An underwater channel formed by the lower guide, a sorting section for sorting by utilizing the difference in specific gravity of the objects to be sorted, and a draining section for discharging the liquid medium to the other end of the channel by a circulation device. ,
The liquid medium of the circulation device is configured to be guided to the water supply port, and a carrying-out means for taking out the sorted objects to be sorted out is provided, and the bottom of the sorting unit is partitioned by the liquid medium flow direction in the sorting unit. A specific gravity sorting apparatus comprising a plurality of receiving boxes, and a bypass path communicating from the vicinity of the water supply port or the middle of the lower guide to at least one side surface or bottom surface of the receiving box. 3. A specific gravity sorting apparatus which uses a liquid medium having an appropriate specific gravity and sorts an object to be sorted consisting of a mixture having different specific gravities by floatation and sedimentation, and a water channel provided over a predetermined length and one end of the water channel. A hopper for inputting the objects to be sorted having different specific gravities to the upper part, a water supply port for injecting a liquid medium for pushing the objects to be sorted introduced into the water channel into the liquid channel near the lower part of the hopper, and a material to be sorted A defoaming device that removes air bubbles adhering to each surface, an upper guide that prevents floating of the object to be sorted on the downstream side of the defoaming device in the water channel, and that the object to be sorted and the liquid medium flow quickly. An underwater channel formed by the lower guide, a sorting section for sorting by utilizing the difference in specific gravity of the objects to be sorted, and a draining section for discharging the liquid medium to the other end of the channel by a circulation device. ,
The specific gravity is characterized in that the liquid medium of the circulation device is configured to be guided to the water supply port, and is configured by a carry-out means that takes out the sorted objects to the outside, and a small guide is provided in the underwater channel. Sorter. 4. One or a plurality of stirring means provided in the receiving box on at least one of a side surface and a bottom surface of the receiving box upstream of the flow of the liquid medium among the receiving boxes provided at the bottom of the sorting section. 2. The liquid medium is provided with an injection port for the liquid medium.
Specific gravity sorting device described in. 5. One or a plurality of agitating means provided in the receiving box so as to inject toward the bottom surface of the receiving box upstream of the flow of the liquid medium among the receiving boxes provided at the bottom of the sorting section. The specific gravity sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the specific gravity sorting device is composed of individual liquid medium ejection ports. 6. The specific gravity sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the carrying-out means provided in each of the receiving boxes agitates the inside of the receiving boxes. 7. The stirring means provided in the receiving box forms the bottom of the receiving box on the upstream side of the flow of the liquid medium in the sorting section so as to become gradually shallower toward the downstream side of the flow of the liquid medium, and The specific gravity sorting device according to claim 1, wherein one or a plurality of jet ports for jetting the liquid medium are provided on at least one of the side surface and the bottom surface. 8. The specific gravity according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the receiving box on the upstream side of the flow of the liquid medium in the sorting section is formed so as to become shallower toward the downstream side of the flow of the liquid medium. Sorter. 9. A partition is provided at the bottom of the sorting section in the flow direction of the liquid medium in the sorting section to divide into a plurality of receiving boxes.
4. The specific gravity sorting device according to claim 2, wherein the receiving box on the upstream side of the flow of the liquid medium is provided with a port for injecting the liquid medium. 10. In the sorting section, a partition is provided at the bottom of the sorting section in the flow direction of the liquid medium to divide into a plurality of receiving boxes, and the bottom of the receiving box upstream of the flow of the liquid medium flows through the liquid medium flow. The specific gravity sorting device according to claim 3, wherein the specific gravity sorting device is formed so as to become gradually shallower toward the downstream side. 11. In the sorting section, a partition is provided at the bottom of the sorting section in the flow direction of the liquid medium to divide it into a plurality of receiving boxes, and the bottom of the receiving box on the upstream side of the flow of the liquid medium flows into the liquid medium flow. A bypass passage is formed so that it gradually becomes shallower toward the downstream side of the container, and a bypass passage that leads from the middle of the water inlet or the middle of the lower guide to at least one side surface or bottom surface of the receiving box is provided, and the upstream side of the flow of the liquid medium. The specific gravity sorting device according to claim 3, wherein the specific gravity sorting device is communicated with a liquid medium injection port provided on at least one of the side surface and the bottom surface of the receiving box. 12. The specific gravity sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a bypass passage for the liquid medium that connects the sorting side and the water supply port side is provided in the vicinity of the liquid medium water surface of the upper guide.