JPH0618200A - Superpenetratable long bullet - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To cover a bullet core with a coating cylinder, to increase an effective length of the core at the time of colliding with a target, and to remarkably increase a penetrating or piercing force. CONSTITUTION:A superpenetrable long bullet comprises a sheath having higher density than that of a bullet core 1 made of iron, i.e., a coating cylinder 2A to be simply formed by press-fitting the core 1 in a through hole 2Aa of the cylinder 2A made of tungsten alloy. Thus, the effective length to the core 1 at the time of colliding with a target is increased, and the piercing force, the penetrating force are remarkably improved. The light and long penetrating length can be obtained by selectively setting the outside diameters and densities of the cylinder 2A and the core 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a super-penetrating long bullet, and in particular, by covering the bullet core with a covering cylinder, the effective length of the bullet core is lengthened at the time of a target collision, and penetration or penetration force is increased. It relates to a new improvement for a significant increase.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art This kind of speed per second that has been used in the past 1.
A typical example of a long bullet fired at a speed of about 5 km is shown in FIG. That is, the reference numeral 1 in FIG. 11 is a pierce-through shell with a wing stabilizer bullet shell (abbreviation APFSDS) using a long rod of tungsten or depleted uranium (uranium 238) having a large specific gravity and a large mass, and has a long shape. Bullet core 1 is a cylindrical loading tube 2
It is provided inside. A tight band 3 is provided on the outer periphery of the rear portion of the loading shell 2, a stabilizing wing 4 is provided at the rear end 1a of the core 1, and a wind width 5 is provided at the tip 1b of the core 1. It is provided. Therefore, when the core 1 collides with the target, the core 1 itself is liquefied by the impact of the collision and penetrates into the target, and a hole having a depth substantially the same as the length of the core 1 can be scratched.

[0003]

The conventional long bullet is constructed as described above. The following issues existed. That is, between the density ρ _{1 of the} core and the density ρ _{2 of the} target, there is a gain of the square root of the ratio R = (ρ ₁ / ρ ₂ ) ^1/2 , but this is only about 1.5 at most. I won't. for that reason,
It was most important to have a long core length, but if the core length was made too long, problems such as damage during acceleration and increase in the manufacturing cost of long bullets occurred.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and in particular, by covering the core with a covering cylinder, the effective length of the core is increased at the time of a target collision, and penetration or penetration is performed. It is an object of the present invention to manufacture a super-penetrating long bullet at a low cost, which is configured to greatly increase the penetrating force.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A super-penetrative long bullet according to the present invention comprises a covered cylindrical body made of a high melting point high density material and having a through hole, and a lower cylinder than the covered cylindrical body provided in the through hole. Consisting of a core (1) made of a material having a density, the melted core (1) at the time of target collision becomes a rod longer than the core through the through hole to form a penetration hole in the target. This is the configuration.

More specifically, the coated cylinder is made of tungsten, and the core is made of iron or steel.

More specifically, the coated cylinder is made of a tungsten alloy.

More specifically, the core is made of iron or steel.

More specifically, the tungsten alloy is a tungsten-nickel-iron alloy or a tungsten-copper-iron alloy.

More specifically, the tungsten alloy is a tungsten-uranium alloy.

More specifically, the outer radius R of the covering cylinder is
_W and the ratio R _W / R _R of the outer radius R _R of the bullet core is about 1.3 or more, the ratio between the density [rho _W of the coating cylinder and the density [rho _R of the bullet core [rho _R / [rho _W Is about 0.4 or more.

More specifically, the outer radii R _W and R _R and the densities ρ _R and ρ _W are (R _W / R _R ) ² = 1 + (ρ _R /
The structure is such that the relationship of ρ _W ) ^1/2 (1 + ρ _R / ρ _W ) ^1/2 is satisfied.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of the super-penetrating long bullet according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same or equivalent portions as those of the conventional example will be described using the same reference numerals. 1 to 11 show a super-penetrating long bullet of the present invention.

First Embodiment First, the reference numeral 1 in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a rod-shaped core made of iron or steel, and the outer periphery of the core 1 is made of a tungsten alloy (for example, nickel or As the alloy with copper or the like, a coated cylinder 2A made of a high melting point high density material of tungsten-nickel-iron alloy or tungsten-copper-iron alloy is preferable. Although this tungsten alloy is lower in density than tungsten alone, it has better workability than tungsten alone. And when importance is attached to the point of density, the tungsten-uranium alloy is most suitable.

The iron core 1 made of iron is provided in the through hole 2Aa of the covering cylinder 2A of the tungsten alloy and is made of a material having a density lower than that of the material of the covering cylinder 2A.

Next, in the above-mentioned configuration, FIG. 1 and FIG.
When the target 12 is shot with a long bullet shown by, as shown in FIG.
The tip portion 1A of the core 1 and the tip portion 1B of the covered cylindrical body 2A are melted but covered with a large atomic weight material.
Since the pressure (the pressure is the product of the density and the temperature) is much higher than the pressure of the above-mentioned core 1, it is narrowed down and becomes a long rod effectively, which is sufficient compared to the initial length of the core 1. A deep penetration hole 1C can be formed in the target 12.

The theoretical value of the depth h of the penetration hole 1C is h = RL using the length L of the core 1 (Paper G. Birkho
ff's “Explosives with Lined Cavity” JAP.
VOL.19.1948 edition, page 568), and the effective length of this core 1 can be arbitrarily obtained by the narrow hole 2Aa of the covered cylindrical body 2A. That is, this depth h is equal to
It can be arbitrarily deep depending on the material and design of A.

Next, a method of manufacturing the super-penetration long bullet having the above-mentioned structure will be described. First, the coated cylindrical body 2A having a thickness of about 30% of the radius of the through hole 2Aa is formed of a tungsten alloy. After that, the iron core 1 made of iron, which is slightly larger than the diameter of the through hole 2Aa, is press-fitted from one end of the through hole 2Aa with a predetermined force. As a result, the core 1 is placed in the covered cylindrical body 2A.
Can be firmly fixed.

Although not shown, a female screw portion is formed on the surface defining the through hole 2Aa, and a male screw portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the core 1. After that, the female screw portion of the covering cylinder 2A is provided with the above-mentioned bullet. By screwing the male screw portion of the core 1 in, the bullet core 1 can be firmly and surely fixed in the covering cylindrical body 2A.

Second Embodiment Next, another structure of the super-penetrating long bullet to which the present invention is applied will be described. In FIGS. 4 and 5, reference numeral 20 denotes a cup-shaped cylindrical container made of iron or titanium, and the cylindrical container 20 has a symmetry axis 21 at the center thereof.
An iron-made core 1 extending along the
A space portion 24 having an annular cross section is formed between the peripheral surface 1a of the cylindrical container 20 and the inner wall surface 20a of the cylindrical container 20. This space 24
A predetermined number of elongated rod bodies 22 made of tungsten or uranium and having substantially the same length as the core 1 are densely arranged therein. Therefore, these rods 22 are arranged so as to be in close contact with each other and close the space portion 24 substantially completely.
The adhesive is filled in the innumerable very small voids 23 generated between the rods 22, so that the space 24
The rod body 22 does not fall out from it. As the adhesive, a material that melts when heated and solidifies when cooled,
For example, uranium material or nickel material or copper material is suitable.

Next, a method of manufacturing the super-penetration long bullet having the above-mentioned structure will be described. First, the tubular container 20 made of iron
The iron core 1 made of iron is arranged in the central portion of the cylindrical container 20 so as to stand upright from the bottom surface 20b of the cylindrical container 20 and then formed between the cylindrical container 20 and the core 1. Space part 2
A rod 22 made of tungsten is tightly press-fitted in 4. After that, the void 23 of each rod is filled or injected with uranium powder as an adhesive powder, and the temperature is raised to near the melting point of the uranium powder. As a result, the uranium powder becomes a liquid and melts into the void 23, and then the cylindrical containers 20 are cooled, so that the rods 22 are fixed to each other and the core 1 is inserted into the cylindrical container 20.
It is firmly fixed inside.

Even if the cylindrical container 20 is made of titanium, the rod 22 is made of uranium, and the adhesive powder is nickel powder or copper powder, the initial purpose can be achieved. can do.

Third Embodiment Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 10. The same parts as those in the first and second embodiments will be described using the same reference numerals. First, FIGS. 1 and 6 show the core 1
The core 1 is covered with the covering cylindrical body 2A in the basic configuration of. FIG. 6 is a detailed view at the time of collision with the target 12, and the linear arrows indicate the direction of flow when the material of the core 1 is melted. A penetration hole 1C is formed in the target 12, and a tip hole 1CA is formed at the tip of the penetration hole by ejecting the core 1. The flow of the core 1 is turned back at the end of the tip hole 1CA and flows backward, and the coated cylindrical body 2
It collides with the flow of A and penetrates the penetration hole 1C along the wall of the penetration hole 1C.
It is flowing to the inlet 1CB of C. What should be noted here is that there is a collision point P between the flow of the covering cylinder 2A and the flow of the core 1. The long bullet of this composite structure is target 1 at speed V
Collision to 2. The collision point P has a velocity V, and the tip hole 1
It is assumed that the leading edge Q of CA penetrates the target at a speed W. In this case, the densities of the materials are ρ _R , ρ _W , and ρ _T , respectively, for the core 1, the covering cylinder 2A, and the target 12.

Since the fluid pressure of the coated cylindrical body 2A melted by the above-mentioned collision is higher than the fluid pressure of the core 1, the flow of the fluid of the core 1 is strongly throttled around the point P, and Q Head to the point with speed X. In the flow of the core 1, the depth of the penetration hole is determined by the cross-sectional area ratio around the point P. There is a free surface 13 in the flow of the core 1 midway between the points P and Q.
Assuming that 3 is an annular shape, the cross-sectional area ratio R of the fluid in the core 1 is R = {(ρ _W + ρ _R ) / ρ _R } ^1/2 .

Therefore, the effective length L of the core 1 having the length L becomes L / L = {(ρ _W + ρ _R ) / ρ _R } ^{1/2 due} to the collision.
Here, assuming that the state as shown in FIG. 6 continues from immediately after the collision between the core 1 and the target 12 until the rear end of the core 1 penetrates into the target 12, the time during which this state is maintained τ is τ = L / (V−U). FIG. 7 shows a state at the moment when the coated cylindrical body 2A disappears, and from this moment, the fluid of the core 1 in the accelerated state continues to penetrate until the fluid of the core 1 disappears (FIG. 8). ).

Next, the speed of the point P is determined by the momentum of the fluid of the backflowing core 1 and the penetrating covering cylinder 2A. When the covering cylinder 2A is extremely thin, the fluid in the covering cylinder 2A cannot penetrate, and the conventional method (Paper G. Birkhoff, "Explosi"
ves with Lined Cavity "JAP VOL.19.1948, pp. 568), and also when the covering cylinder 2A is extremely thick and can be effectively regarded as the core 1 Further, this is the case where the core 1 having the coated cylindrical body 2A having an appropriate thickness is driven into the target 12 and the point P in Fig. 6 is stationary. The fluid of the accelerated core 1 returns to the point P with almost no loss of its momentum, collides with the fluid of the coated cylindrical body 2A, and stays. In this case, except for the first short time, {1+ (Ρ
_W / ρ _R )} It can be considered that the fluid of the core 1 which has been accelerated and extended by a factor of ^1/2 penetrates into the target 12. This P
The law of conservation of momentum from that point is still, using the outer radius R _W and Tamashin 1 outer radius R _R of the coating cylinder 2A (see FIG. _{9) (R W / R R} ) 2 = 1 + (ρ R / Ρ _W ) ^1/2 (1 + ρ _R / ρ _W ) ^1/2 (Equation 1) Here, R _W is the outer radius of the coated cylinder 2A, R _R is the outer radius of the bullet core 1, ρ _R is the density of the bullet core 1, and ρ _W is the density of the coated cylinder 2A.

That is, in the third embodiment of the present invention,
This is the case where the core 1 for which the formula (1) is satisfied is effectively extended and the point P is stationary while the point Q penetrates the target 12 at the speed W. The outer diameters of the core 1 and the covering cylinder 2A are shown in FIG. 9, and if the core 1 is iron and the covering cylinder 2A.
There ratio than the tungsten alloy (1) (R _W / R _R) is approximately 1.3. In this case, the penetration depth h of the core 1 is again described in the paper (G. Birkhoff, "Explosives with Line.
d Cavity “JAP VOL. 19.1948, disclosed on page 568), h = L (ρ _W + ρ _R ) ^1/2 / ρ _T ^1/2 (Equation 2).

If the core 1 is made of iron and the coated cylindrical body 2A is made of tungsten alloy, the ratio (R _W / R _R ) is approximately 1.3 according to the equation (1). Compared to the case where all the cores 1 are made of tungsten (mass M ₁ ), the ratio with the total mass (M ₂ ) of the iron cores 1 having the tungsten-coated cylinder 2A that satisfies the formula (1) is M ₁ /
It becomes clear that M ₂ ≈1.29, which is about 30% lighter than the all-tungsten ballistic core 1 and the penetration length ratio is about 1.18. State of the above ratio _{(R W} / R R) and the ratio (ρ _R / ρ _W) is shown by Figure 10 when shown graphically, when the ratio _{(R W} / R R) of about 1.3, Ratio (ρ _R / ρ _W ) is about 0.4
Under the above conditions and the condition (1) above is satisfied, the weight is comparatively light and the penetration length is about 20% of the conventional value.
It is possible to obtain long bullets of a large size.

[0029]

Since the super-penetrating long bullet according to the present invention is constructed as described above, the following effects can be obtained. That is, by press-fitting or screwing an iron-made core into the through hole of the coated cylindrical body made of tungsten or a tungsten alloy, on the periphery of the iron-made core,
A super-penetrative structure that can be easily formed with a shell or cover cylinder that is denser than iron, and is therefore designed to increase the effective length of this core and significantly increase the penetration or penetration force at the time of a target collision. The long bullet core can be formed easily at low cost. In addition, since the core is wrapped with a covered cylinder at a radius ratio that satisfies Eq. (1), the penetration length is extended as in Eq. (2), compared to a long core with the same external shape as the conventional method. About 30% is light, and the penetration length is slightly less than 20%. Therefore, when an object with the same outer shape is fired, the ballistic speed is increased by about 30% and the penetration can be manufactured by about 20% deep.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a super-penetrating long bullet of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when a super-penetrating long bullet collides with a target.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a super-penetrating long bullet to which another manufacturing method of the super-penetrating long bullet of the present invention is applied.

5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a state at the time of collision in another embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state after a collision.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state after a collision.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a state at the time of collision.

FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the outer radius of a long bullet and the density.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional long bullet.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Bullet 1C Penetration Hole 2A Coated Cylinder 2Aa Through Hole 12 Target

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A coated cylinder (2A) made of a high-melting-point high-density material and having a through hole (2Aa), and a material provided in the through hole (2Aa) and having a lower density than the coated cylinder (2A). Consisting of a core (1)
And the core that was melted at the time of collision with the target (12)
(1) through the through-hole (2Aa) through the hole (2Aa) to become a rod longer than the core (1) to form a penetration hole (1C) in the target (12) superpenetration Long bullet. 2. The super-penetrating long bullet according to claim 1, wherein the coated cylinder (2A) is made of tungsten, and the core (1) is made of iron or steel. 3. The super-penetrating long bullet according to claim 1, wherein the coated cylindrical body (2A) is made of a tungsten alloy. 4. The super-penetrating long bullet according to claim 3, wherein the core (1) is made of iron or steel. 5. The superpenetrating long bullet according to claim 3, wherein the tungsten alloy is a tungsten-nickel-iron alloy or a tungsten-copper-iron alloy. 6. The superpenetrating long bullet according to claim 3, wherein the tungsten alloy is a tungsten-uranium alloy. 7. and the covering cylindrical body (2A) outer radius R _W and the bullet core (1) an outer radius R _R and the ratio R _W / R _R of about 1.3 or more of,
7. The ratio ρ _R / ρ _W between the density ρ _R of the core (1) and the density ρ _W of the covering cylindrical body (2A) is set to about 0.4 or more. Super-penetrating long bullet described in crab. 8. The outer radii R _W and R _R and the respective densities ρ _R and ρ _W are (R _W / R _R ) ² = 1 + (ρ _R / ρ _W )
The super-penetrating long bullet according to claim 7, wherein the relationship of ^1/2 (1 + ρ _R / ρ _W ) ^1/2 is satisfied.