JPH06180947A - Formatting method for disc memory - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase memory capacity of a disc memory by setting a sector comprising a collating part and a data part within a disc surface without providing any erase part between. CONSTITUTION:At the time of formatting for setting a sector S with respect to a disc 1, formatting data FDi is written only at a collating part ID at first step. Validity of writing is decided by a read/write circuit 7 based on a counter electromotive force to ice induced upon supply of write current to a head 3, for example. At a second step within a rotational period different from that for the first step, formatting data FDd for the data mart DT of the sector S is written from the rear end of the collating section ID thus performing formatting while arranging the data part DT contiguously to the collating part ID without interpolating an erase part.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for formatting a disk of a disk storage device to set a sector as a data recording unit.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, in a disk storage device, a large number of tracks are set by writing servo information or position information used to operate the position of the head on each disk surface, and then formatting is performed within each track. It is customary to set several tens of sectors as a unit for recording data, and to attach a collating unit to each sector. As is well known, the outline of this formatting will be briefly described below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

FIG. 4 (a) is a developed view of a small part of the disc 1, in which reference information RI including position information distributed in the circumferential direction which is the left-right direction of the drawing is written. In the figure, only two tracks T are set in the figure, and by applying formatting thereto, a sector S having a unit storage capacity of, for example, 512 bytes is formed in each track T of the reference information RI in the example of the figure. Set between each other.
FIG. 4 (b) shows the details of one sector S to be set by this formatting. As shown in the figure, each sector S has a short collating part ID and a long data part shortened in the figure.
An erase section E which is composed of DT and which is not written is usually placed before and after and between them.

As shown in the figure, the collating section ID includes a synchronization code SY, an address mark AM, a collating code iD and a gap G, and the data section DT has a synchronizing code SY, an address mark AM, a data body D and an error code. Includes EC and Gap G.
As is well known, the synchronization code SY is for synchronizing with the rotation of the disk of the data read / write circuit, and the address mark AM is for displaying that the collation code iD and the data body D are next.
Further, the collation code iD includes a so-called physical address inside the disk storage device of each sector S including a cylinder number, a head number and a sector number. The cylinder number and the head number specify a specific track T on a specific disk surface. Collating part ID when formatting
Of course, it is customary to write all and the data body D in the data portion DT and the portion excluding the error code EC.

FIG. 5A shows a detailed example of the reference information RI in addition to the sector S composed of the collating part ID and the data part DT. Reference information RI is collation information CI that represents a cylinder number written in a so-called gray code that can be read even when the head is moving.
And 4 for detecting the displacement of the head from the track center.
The position information SI includes burst burst servo information.
At the time of formatting, the reference information CI is referred to, the head is moved to a desired track T, the position information SI is referred to, and the head is positioned at the center thereof. Then, as shown in FIG. The write command RW having a synchronized waveform is given to the data read / write circuit to sequentially write the collating unit ID of the sector S to be set in the track T and the formatting data for the data unit DT, and this operation is performed by the disc 1 Repeat for all tracks T in.

[0006]

However, in the conventional formatting method as described above, the erase section E is placed between the collating section ID and the data section DT in each sector S as shown in FIG. 4 (b). However, there is a problem that the storage capacity of the disk cannot be fully utilized. This erase section E remains because each collation section ID is a sector S in the disk storage device that must not be rewritten after formatting.
Since it is an important part showing the internal address of the write command, it is necessary to confirm whether it is normal or not after the writing, and the write command RW is interrupted during this period as shown in FIG. . It is most accurate at present to judge whether the writing is good or bad based on the back electromotive force value induced when a writing current pulse is applied to the head. Accurate evaluation of this value requires some time in the stopped state of the writing current. Is required, and it takes time to confirm that the current is not excessive when writing is resumed in a head having a small heat capacity recently.

Therefore, the time corresponding to the erase section E is usually about 10 μS, which seems to be short, but when converted to data, it corresponds to 15 to 20 bytes, and 512 bytes per track. If 50 sectors S of storage capacity are set, 2% or more of that is set, and the storage capacity of one sector is consumed. As shown in FIG. 4 (b), there is an erase portion E before and after each sector S, but it has a role of separating the reference information RI and its length is much smaller than that of the erase portion E in the sector S. short. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the problems of the conventional method and increase the storage capacity of a disk storage device by performing formatting without placing an erase portion between the collating portion and the data portion in each sector. To do.

[0008]

According to the method of the present invention, the above-mentioned object is to format a disk for setting a sector consisting of a collating section and a data section as a unit for recording data in a disk storage device as described above. First, in the first step, the formatting data for the collating unit is written, and it is confirmed that the data has been written normally, and the formatting is performed during the first step in the second step within another rotation cycle of the disc. It is achieved by writing the formatting data for the data part from the rear end of the collating part to the adjacent end.

Although it is possible to confirm whether the writing in the collating unit is normal or not, it is best to judge from the back electromotive force value induced in the head when writing the collating unit in the first step. Easy and accurate. In the method of the present invention, the so-called CD is set such that the transfer rate at the time of reading / writing data is set so that the linear recording density becomes substantially uniform in each disk area for each zone divided in the radial direction.
It is suitable for an R type disk storage device. In this case, formatting is performed so that the number of sectors per track increases toward the outer diameter side zone, and the number of sectors increases one by one, for example. Zone division is advantageous in increasing the storage capacity of the disk storage device.

[0010]

According to the method of the present invention, the formatting for setting the sector consisting of the collating section and the data section, the first step of writing the formatting data for the collating section,
By performing the formatting step separately from the second step of writing the formatting data for the data portion within another rotation cycle of the disc, it is almost time-limited that the writing to the collating portion is normal during or after the first step. The collation unit and the data unit are written by writing the formatting data for the data unit in contact with the rear end of the collation unit that was formatted in the first step in the second step. This eliminates the need for interposing an erase section between the two and increases the storage capacity of the disk storage device.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a formatting method of the present invention by a configuration example of a disk storage device, a configuration example of a sector and the like, and a waveform for each step of a signal related to formatting, and FIG. 2 corresponds to the embodiment of FIG. Fig. 3 shows the flow of operations for each step.
An example in which the present invention is applied to a disk storage device of the onstant density recording) system is shown by a configuration example of zones and sectors and a waveform of a signal related to formatting. Note that in all of these figures, the portions corresponding to those in FIGS. 4 and 5 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and therefore, in the following, description of overlapping portions will be appropriately omitted.

FIG. 1A shows an example of the configuration of the main part of a disk storage device relating to the implementation of the present invention. The mechanism shown in the upper part of the drawing is a disk 1, a spindle motor 2 for driving the disk at a constant speed, a read / write head 3 provided for each disk surface, and a swing arm 4 for supporting the same, for example. A voice coil motor type actuator 5 for operating the position of the head 3 on the disk 1 through it is provided,
A drive circuit 6 is attached to the actuator 5. The read / write circuit 7 connected to the head 3 issues a read / write command to the head specified by the head selection command HS as usual.
It puts in a read or write state according to RW,
The read signal RS is output to the read / write signal circuit 8 during reading, and conversely receives the write signal WS during writing.

A read / write signal circuit 8 shown in a simplified manner in the figure demodulates an analog read signal RS as usual and then decodes it into a pulse train signal PS, or writes it into a write signal.
It is a set of circuits to be encoded in WS, and its operation is switched according to the read / write command RW. The reference information reading circuit 9 receives the read signal RS from the read / write circuit 7, detects and reads the above-mentioned reference information RI shown in FIG. 1 (c), and then, the reference information RI and the position information SI included therein.
The read value of is output as read data Dr. Note that the read / write command RW corresponds to the write command RW in FIG. 5B, and in many cases the write command and the read command are separated, but in this embodiment, for the sake of convenience, writing in the high logic state is low. Reads shall be commanded in a logical state.

In addition to this, a read / write processor 10 and a control processor 20 are separately incorporated in the disk storage device in the illustrated example. The read / write processor 10 is for exchanging data with the host computer and is connected to a host computer (not shown) through the internal bus 11, the interface circuit 12 and the external bus 13, and converts the pulse train signal PS into data to convert it to the internal bus. It plays the role of putting it on 11, or vice versa, reading data from it and converting it into a pulse train signal PS. The control processor 20 is for internal control of the disk storage device,
The position of the head 3 is controlled via the drive circuit 6 according to the read data Dr received from the reference information read circuit 9, and the read / write circuit 7 and the read / write signal circuit 8 are controlled by the read / write command RW.
Of the read / write head 10 and the read / write processor 10 is connected to the read / write processor 10 via the communication bus 14.

When the method of the present invention is carried out in the disk storage device having the above construction, the control processor 20 is loaded with the formatting means 21 as its software to control the formatting operation, and the read / write processor 10 is allowed to perform the formatting data. Edit and output. FIG. 1 (b) shows a sector S which is formatted according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the contents of the collating part ID and the data part DT are the same as those of FIG. The difference is that part E is not placed. In response to this, the reading / writing processor 10 is caused to separately edit the formatting data FDi and FDd for the collating unit ID and the data unit DT.

In the method of the present invention, the collating unit of each sector S is
The ID and the data part DT are formatted in the two steps of the first step and the second step in another rotation cycle of the disk 1, and it is confirmed that the writing is normal after the matching part ID is formatted. This confirmation can be performed by reading the collating unit ID, but in this embodiment, the counter electromotive force value induced in the head 3 when writing the collating unit ID is detected by the read / write circuit 7 as in the conventional case. Is judged to be normal, and the result is outputted to the formatting means 21 of the control processor 20 as the judgment signal Sd. Of course, in some cases, the read / write circuit 7 may be caused to detect only the back electromotive force value, and the pass / fail judgment may be performed by another circuit.

FIG. 1C shows the arrangement of the reference information RI and the sectors S in the track T in a manner corresponding to FIG. 5A. Figure 1
Even in (c), the sector S is set between the reference information RI by formatting. However, the method of the present invention can shorten the sector S as compared with the conventional case of FIG.
Is written in each track T at a mutual interval suitable for setting, for example, one more sector S than before. Each sector S
Needs to be formatted following this reference information RI, the reference information reading circuit 9 of FIG. 1 (a) is caused to detect the erase portion E next to the position information SI of the reference information RI, and the detection pulse DP is formatted. Have the means 21 give. Figure 1 (d) to instruct the format of the collation unit ID
The read / write command RW in the first step of
Made high according to DP. Read / write command RW in the second step of Fig. 1 (e) to format the data part DT
Also in this embodiment, the timer shown in FIG.
Set 22 and make it high at the timing after the time τ has elapsed.

Next, the formatting operation according to the method of the present invention will be described with reference to the flow chart of FIG. The figure shows the operation as the formatting means 21, the left side of the figure is the operation of the first step S10, and the right side is the operation of the second step S20. For simplicity, only the operation for one sector S is shown in the figure. Before the flow shown in the figure is started, the head 3 is moved to the track T to be formatted by referring to the collation information CI in the reference information RI under the control of the control processor 20, and then the position information SI is referred to. Accurately position on center.

In the first step S11 of the first step S10, the read / write processor 10 is caused to edit the formatting data FDi for the collating unit ID. Of course this data FDi
Is assigned the cylinder number and the head number of the track T on which the head 3 is currently placed, and the formatting data FDi for all the sectors S to be set in one track T are assigned those sector numbers. Leverage step S
It is better to edit it with 11. In the next step S12, the arrival of the above-mentioned detection pulse DP from the reference information reading circuit 9 is awaited, and at the same time, the operation is moved to step S13.

In this step S13, the read / write command RW for formatting the collation part ID of each sector S is formed.
1, that is, in the high state as shown in FIG. 1 (d), the writing is designated, and then the read / write processor 10 outputs the formatting data FDi for the collating unit ID, and FIG. After a time corresponding to the pulse width of), the read / write command RW is returned to 0, that is, the low state. The formatting data FDi for one sector is actually given to the read / write signal circuit 8 in the form of the pulse train signal PS, converted into the write signal WS by the read / write circuit 7, and then written to the disk 1 via the head 3. Written.

In the next step S14, it is checked from the above-mentioned determination signal Sd by the read / write circuit 7 whether or not the writing of the collating unit ID in the previous step S13 was normal. If the result is NO, the operation is returned to step S11. In that case, the formatting operation of the collating unit ID for one sector shown in the figure is ended. Of course, actually, the flow from step S12 to step S14 in the figure is repeated for all the sectors in the track. If writing is not successful even once during this process, it is preferable to repeat the operation of the first step S10 from the beginning as shown in the figure.

The second step S20 for formatting the data part DT is to operate the disk 1 within a different rotation cycle than that described above. In the first step S21, the data section DT
The formatting data FDd for use by the read / write processor 10 is edited. As can be seen from FIG. 4B, unlike the collating unit ID, the content may be the same regardless of the track or sector, so that it may be stored in RAM and used repeatedly for all sectors. In the next step S22, in principle, the end of the collating unit ID may be detected and the operation may be moved to the final step S25. However, in this embodiment, the reference information reading circuit 9 causes the erase unit E immediately before the collating unit ID. Waits for the detection pulse DP to be emitted, and at the same time as that, sets the timer 22 of time τ in step S23,
At 24, wait for the time-up and move the operation to step S25.

In this step S25 of formatting the data portion DT, the read / write command RW is set to 1 as in step S13, and then the read / write processor 10 is caused to output the formatting data FDd for one sector and the read / write command RW is set. Return to 0 so that the waveform becomes 1 (e). As a result, as shown in FIG. 1B, the data part DT of each sector S is formatted from the rear end of the collating part ID in contact with it. Actually, the operations of steps S22 to S25 are repeated until the data parts DT of all the sectors S in the track T are formatted. Further, since the format of the data part DT is less important than the collating part ID, it is not confirmed whether the writing is normal or not in this embodiment.

Next, an embodiment in which the present invention shown in FIG. 3 is applied to a CDR type disk storage device will be described. In this method, as shown in the partially developed view of FIG. 3 (a), the surface of the disk 1 is radially divided into a plurality of zones Z1 and Z2 so that the linear recording density of the data in the disk becomes substantially uniform. Sectors S are set on a plurality of tracks T in each zone. Also in this method, the reference information IR is distributed in the circumferential direction of the disk 1 and written at constant angular intervals, and the sector S is set across the reference information IR as shown in the figure except when it follows the head reference information IR0. . Since the linear recording density is constant, the actual length of each sector S is almost the same on the disk surface. However, in the development view of FIG. 3 (a), the zone ZI on the outer diameter side is the zone Z2 on the inner diameter side. It becomes shorter than the inside. The zones Z1, Z2, etc. are preferably divided so that, for example, the sectors S set in each track T are increased one by one toward the outer diameter side.

FIG. 3B shows a state in which the sector S is set in the track T by this method. Each sector S is separated by, for example, a short erase E placed before and after it, and the reference information RI interrupts the sector S except when it follows the leading reference information RI0. 3 (c) and 3 (d) show the waveforms of the read / write command RW in the first and second steps of the present invention for formatting the collating unit ID and the data unit DT of each sector S, respectively. ).
As shown in the figure, the waveform in the first step is similar to that of the embodiment of FIG. 1, but the waveform in the second step needs to be set high and low within the time corresponding to the reference information RI. Is generated by referring to the output of the reference information reading circuit 9 by the formatting means 21 of FIG. 1 (a). As shown in Fig. 3 (d), the read / write command RW in the second step is the ID of each collation unit.
It is the same as the previous embodiment in that it is made high after the lapse of the time period τ from the detection of the erase section E immediately before.

As can be seen from the above, the operation of the formatting means 21 in the embodiment of FIG. 3 is also the flowchart of FIG. 2 and the read / write command in step S25 of the second step S20.
It can be the same except that the waveform of RW is different. In addition, this C
In the DR method, it is necessary to switch the data transfer rate for each zone Z1 and Z2 in order to keep the linear recording density in the disk 1 constant. Therefore, when writing the formatting data FDi and FDd during the first and second steps, The frequency of the clock pulse CP for designating the transfer rate of the write data for the read / write signal circuit 8 and the read / write processor 10 of 1 (a) is switched by the control processor 20 for each zone.

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention, when setting a sector including a collating section and a data section in a disc, first, in the first step, only the collating section is formatted to ensure that the writing of the formatting data is normal. After confirming, the second within another rotation cycle of the disc
By formatting the data section after the collation section in step (a), it is not necessary to put an erase section between the collation section and the data section as in the past, and the storage capacity of the disk storage device is at least 2%. Or more, and (b)
It is possible to improve the accuracy of the confirmation by providing a time margin for determining whether the writing of the formatting data is normal after the formatting of each collating unit in the first step or until the second step. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a formatting method of a disk storage device according to the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) is a circuit diagram showing the internal structure of a disk storage device implementing the method of the present invention. ) Is a configuration diagram showing a configuration example of a sector set by the method of the present invention, (c) is a layout diagram of sectors in a track, and (d) and (e) are first and second diagrams, respectively. It is a waveform diagram of a read / write command for two steps.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing operations during first and second steps corresponding to FIG.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a CDR type disk storage device, and FIG. 3A is a partially enlarged development view of a CDR type disk exemplifying a setting procedure of zones and sectors.
7B is a layout diagram of sectors in a track, and FIGS. 7C and 7D are waveform diagrams of read / write commands for the first and second steps, respectively.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a conventional formatting method.
(a) is a partially enlarged development view of the disk showing a state where sectors are set, and (b) is an internal configuration diagram of the sector.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a conventional formatting method.
(a) is a layout diagram of sectors in a track, and (b) is a waveform diagram of a write command for formatting.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 disk 3 head 7 read / write circuit 8 read / write signal circuit 10 read / write processor 20 control processor 21 formatting means 22 timer DT sector data section FDd data section formatting data FDi collating section formatting data ID sector collating section RI reference information RW read Write command S sector S10 1st step S20 2nd step T track τ Timer time limit

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method of formatting a disk to set a sector having a collating section and a data section as a data recording unit, wherein formatting data for the collating section is written in a first step and the formatting is normally performed. It is confirmed that the data has been written, and the formatting data for the data portion is written in contact with the rear end of the collating portion that has been formatted in the first step in the second step within another rotation cycle of the disk. Disk storage formatting method. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein it is determined whether or not the writing is made normal based on a reverse voltage induced in the head at the time of writing the formatting data for the collating unit in the first step. A method for formatting a disk storage device, comprising: 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the number of sectors per track set by formatting for each zone obtained by radially dividing the disk surface is increased toward the outer diameter side zone. A method for formatting a disk storage device characterized.