JPH0617914Y2 - Seal plate for opening - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention relates to a seal plate used for a tunnel excavation method using a shield tunnel excavator, a press-fitting type pipe propulsion method, etc. Shield-type tunnel excavator, propulsion pipe, received in a starting or reaching opening formed in the shaft wall of the vertical shaft for laying the road
The present invention relates to a seal plate arranged on the pit wall so as to seal between a hollow body such as a lining and the pit wall.

(Prior Art) In the excavation process for constructing a tunnel using a shield tunnel excavator or laying a pipeline, excavated earth and sand or groundwater has a tunnel wall with openings such as a starting port and an arrival port for the excavator. In order to prevent outflow into the shaft from between the shaft and the machine and between the mine wall and the lining that follows the machine,
A sealing device is placed on the pit wall. Further, this type of sealing device is arranged so as to seal between the propulsion pipe and the pit wall even in the pipe propulsion method in which the propulsion pipe is pressed into the ground from the vertical shaft.

As a sealing device of this type, generally, an annular member made of an elastically deformable plate-like body such as a rubber plate having a hole having a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of a hollow body such as an excavator, a propulsion pipe, and a lining. A seal plate is used. The seal plate is attached to the well wall at the outer peripheral edge of the seal plate so that the axis of the hole matches the axis of the opening.

In use, the machine is received in the hole of the seal plate while elastically deforming the portion around the hole of the seal plate so as to enlarge the hole. As a result, the seal plate is bent toward the front in the forward direction of the excavator and is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the excavator by the elasticity of the seal plate itself, so that the liquid between the excavator and the pit wall is lost. Maintain tightness.

When the machine is moved forward and separated from the seal plate,
The portion around the hole of the seal plate is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the lining that follows the excavator. Thereby, the liquid tightness between the lining and the pit wall is maintained.

Also in the case of the propulsion pipe, the sealing plate is bent by the propulsion pipe so that the portion around the hole is forward, and is pressed against the outer surface of the propulsion pipe, so that the seal plate is liquid-tight between the propulsion pipe and the pit wall. Maintain sex.

However, in the case of the conventional seal plate, when soil water pressure due to excavated soil, groundwater, etc. acts on the seal plate, in the case of the seal plate arranged in the opening for starting, the seal plate is folded back in the opposite direction, that is, backward. Occasionally, and in the case of the sealing plate arranged in the access opening, the sealing plate is bent further forward.

That is, in the case of the seal plate arranged in the opening for starting,
Since the soil water pressure acts on the seal material as a force pushing the seal material backward, the bent part of the seal plate changes from the part near the mine wall to the part around the hole while the part around the hole in the seal plate changes. Is moved rearward, and as a result, the sealing plate is folded back backward. When the seal plate is folded back, the liquid tightness between the hollow body such as the excavator, the lining and the propulsion pipe and the pit wall is lowered, and the excavated earth and sand or the groundwater flow into the vertical shaft.

Further, in the case of the seal plate arranged in the access opening, the earth water pressure acts on the seal plate as a force to bend the seal plate further forward, so that the liquid tightness between the hollow body and the pit wall is reduced, and the vertical shaft This will result in excavation of sediment or groundwater.

When the hardness of the seal plate is increased to solve this problem, the seal plate does not adhere to the hollow body, which leads to a decrease in liquid tightness between the hollow body and the pit wall.

(Problems to be solved) Therefore, in the conventional sealing device, the stopper which prevents the seal plate from being folded back or the seal plate from being bent further forward is arranged behind or in front of the seal plate. It was But with the stopper,
Not only is it more expensive, but the work of attaching the seal plate becomes more complicated.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a seal plate that can maintain liquid tightness between a hollow body and a pit wall without using a stopper.

(Means for Solving the Problem, Action and Effect of the Invention) The seal plate of the present invention has a hole capable of receiving a hollow body, a first elastomer region around the hole, and the first elastomer region.
A second elastomer region surrounding the first elastomer region and integrally with the second elastomer region, and a third elastomer region surrounding the second elastomer region and integrally with the second elastomer region. An elastomeric region, and a fourth region attached to the mine wall, around the third elastomeric region and integrally following the third elastomeric region,
The second elastomeric region is harder than the first and third elastomeric regions.

The sealing plate is attached in the fourth region to a pit wall having an opening for a starting opening.

When a movable hollow body, such as an excavator or a propulsion tube, is received in a hole, the sealing plate is primarily in the third elastomeric region such that the first and second elastomeric regions are forward in the direction of travel of the hollow body. Can be folded. Also, when an immovable hollow body such as a lining is received in the hole,
The seal plate is folded primarily in the third elastomer region so that the first and second elastomer regions are in front of the third elastomer region.

When the hollow body is received in the hole, earth pressure acts on the sealing plate to push it back. However, since the second elastomer region is harder than the first and third elastomer regions, the seal plate is not largely bent in the second elastomer region, and the seal caused by the soil water pressure acting on the seal plate is large. The folding back of the plate is prevented.

According to the present invention, since the second elastomer region is harder than the first and third elastomer regions, the folding back of the sealing plate due to the earth pressure acting on the sealing material is prevented. Also, the first elastomer region is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the hollow body closely because it is more easily deformed than the second elastomer region.

It is preferable that the third region is harder than the first region. Thereby, the seal plate can be attached to the pit wall having the opening for the access port. In this case, the soil water pressure acts on the sealing plate to push it forward.
However, the seal plate is not significantly bent in the second and third elastomer regions because the second and third elastomer regions are harder than the first elastomer region.

The second and third elastomer regions each have a plurality of first and second regions alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the first elastomer region, and the first region is the second region and the second region is the second region. It may be harder than the first elastomer region. In this case, the first and second portions of the third elastomer region may be displaced in the circumferential direction of the first elastomer region relative to the first and second portions of the third elastomer region, respectively. .

In the case of the above seal plate, it is preferable that the average hardness of the second and third elastomer regions is larger than that of the first elastomer region. With this configuration, the seal plate can be attached to the pit wall having either the opening for the start or the entrance, and the seal plate is not largely bent in the second and third elastomer regions. .

Further, it is preferable that the seal plate includes a plurality of springs embedded in the third elastomer region so as to resist a bending force in the third elastomer region. In this way, the seal plate can be attached to the pit wall having either the opening for the start or the entrance,
In addition, the seal plate is not greatly bent in the second and third elastomer regions.

As the spring, a leaf spring can be used, but C
It is preferable to use springs bent in a letter shape and to arrange the springs at intervals in the circumferential direction of the second elastomer region. With this configuration, when a force that causes the seal plate to be folded back acts on the seal plate, the tip of the C-shaped spring comes into contact with the spring, so that the spring acts as a stopper.

Further, a film made of a material having a frictional resistance smaller than that of the material of the first and second elastomer regions is provided on one surface in the thickness direction of the first and second elastomer regions. Good.

In the case of a seal plate in which the second and third elastomer regions are harder than the first elastomer region, at least the first
And the second elastomeric region is preferably bent to one side in the axial direction of the hole with respect to the fourth region.

(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described below.

The seal plate 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a starting shaft 1 for hollow bodies 12a and 12b such as shield tunneling machines, propulsion pipes and linings.
It is applied to the opening 18 for starting provided in the mine wall 16 of No. 4.

In the illustrated example, the seal plate 10 has a disc shape, and has a circular hole 20 in the center. The seal plate 10 is
It is made of an elastomer such as natural rubber, synthetic rubber, or isobutylene, which has elasticity at around room temperature. In particular, if the seal plate 10 is made of rubber, the seal plate 10 can be easily manufactured.

The seal plate 10 has an outer diameter dimension larger than the diameter dimension of the opening 18, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The hole 20 of the seal plate 10 has a diameter dimension larger than the outer diameter dimension of the hollow bodies 12a and 12b. The outer peripheral shape of the seal plate 10 and the shape of the hole 20 are other shapes such as a polygonal shape, an eyebrow shape, an oval shape, an oval shape, an eyeglass shape, etc., depending on the cross-sectional shape of the hollow bodies 12a and 12b, the shape of the opening 18, and the like. May be

The sealing plate 10 has an annular first region 22 around the hole 20.
An annular second region 24 around the first region 22 and integrally with the first region 22, and an annular second region 24 around the second region 24 and integrally with the second region 24. Third ring in a row
Region 26, and an annular fourth region 28 attached to the well wall 16 around the third region 26 and integrally following the third region 26. Each of the regions 22 to 28 is an elastomer region in the illustrated example, but the fourth region 28 may be a flange portion made of a hard material such as metal.

On the surface on one side of the first and second regions 22 and 24,
A film 30 made of a material such as synthetic resin or ceramic having a friction resistance smaller than that of the material of the seal plate 10 is provided. The film 30 is formed by, for example, spraying particles made of a material having a frictional resistance smaller than that of the material of the seal plate 10 onto the surface on one side of the first and second regions 22 and 24 and laminating the particles. Has been done.

In the fourth region 28, a plurality of bolt holes 32 for attaching the seal plate 10 to the pit wall 16 are formed at equal angular intervals. The second and fourth regions 24, 28 are
And harder than the third regions 22, 26. Each area 2
The hardness of 2 to 28 is, for example, the first and third regions 2
2, 26 can be set to about 45 to 50 degrees, and the second and fourth regions 24 and 28 can be set to about 60 to 70 degrees (all according to the test method based on JIS K6301). However, the hardness of the fourth region 28 may be softer than that of the second region 24 or harder than that of the second region 24.

The thickness dimension of the seal plate 10, the diameter dimension of each of the regions 22 to 28, and the width dimension of each of the regions 22 to 28 are these dimensions, the hardness of each of the regions 22 to 28, the well wall 16 and the hollow bodies 12 a, 12.
It depends on the distance dimension to b, the size of the tunnel to be constructed or the pipeline to be laid, the size of the hollow bodies 12a and 12b, the size of the opening 18, and the like.

In the case of constructing a so-called small-diameter tunnel having a diameter of 1500 mm or less or laying a pipeline, the thickness of the sealing plate 10 is 15 to 25 mm, preferably 20 mm, and the widths of the first and second regions 22 and 24 are 40-70 mm, third area 2
The width of 6 is about 2 to 3 times the thickness of the seal plate 10,
The width dimension of the fourth region 28 can be set to about 60 mm. Further, the outer diameter dimension of the third region 26 may be substantially the same as the outer diameter dimension of the opening 18. However, the width dimension and outer diameter dimension of the second and third regions 24 and 26 are
When the third region 26 is folded, the second region 24
At least a part of the hollow bodies 12a, 12
Although contacting the outer peripheral surface of b, the third region 26 is a hollow body 12
The value is preferably such that it does not contact the outer peripheral surfaces of a and 12b.

In use, the seal plate 10 has a hollow body 12a having an outer diameter dimension between the inner diameter dimension and the outer diameter dimension of the third region 26, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. Area 24
L attached to the pit wall 16 to receive the hollow body 12b having a diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the hole 20 into the hole 20.
Due to the V-shaped attachment ring 34, the plurality of bolts 36 fixed to the ring 34, and the nut 38 screwed onto the bolts 36, the central axis of the hole 20 coincides with that of the opening 18, and the membrane 30 becomes 4th area 2 so that it is on the opposite side to
Attached to the mine wall 16 at 8.

When the fourth region 28 of the seal plate 10 is soft, a metal ring having substantially the same outer diameter and inner diameter as the outer diameter and inner diameter of the fourth region 28 is used as the seal plate 10. It is preferably arranged between the nuts 38.

Movable hollow body 12a propelled like an excavator or propulsion tube
Are received in the hole 20 while elastically deforming the first and second regions 22, 24 of the seal plate 10 so as to enlarge the hole 14 of the seal plate 10. The hollow body 12a is the second
The outer diameter dimension is larger than the outer diameter dimension of the region 24 and smaller than the outer diameter dimension of the third region 26.

When the hollow body 12a is received in the hole 20, the sealing plate 1
As shown by the solid line in FIG. 3, 0 is bent mainly in the third region 26 so that the first and second regions 22 and 24 are in front of the traveling direction of the hollow body 12a.

On the other hand, when the hollow body 12b having a smaller diameter than the hollow body 12a, such as a lining, is received in the hole 20, the seal plate 10 has the first and second seals as shown by the dotted line in FIG.
It is mainly bent in the third region 26 so that the regions 22 and 24 of are located in the front.

When the hollow body 12a or 12b is received in the hole 20, earth pressure acts on the sealing plate 10 to push it back. However, since the second region 24 is harder than the first and third regions 22 and 26, as shown for the hollow body 12b in FIG.
It is only largely bent in the third region 26, and is not greatly bent in the second region 24. Therefore, the folding back of the seal plate 10 due to the soil water pressure is prevented. Also, the first area 2
Since 2 is more easily deformed than the second region 24, it is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the hollow body 12a or 12b.

In addition, in the seal plate 10, the third region 26 is the first region 2
If it is harder than 2, it can be provided on the pit wall having the opening for the access port.

The disc-shaped seal plate 40 shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 has a plurality of first portions in which the second and third regions 24 and 26 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the first region 22. The seal plate 10 is different from the seal plate 10 in that it has 24a, 26a and a plurality of second portions 24b, 26b.

First and second parts 24a, 24b of the second region 24
Respectively, the first region 24a of the second region 24 and the second region 6b of the third region 26 are aligned in the radial direction, and the second region 24b of the second region 24 and the third region 6b are aligned with each other. Area 2
6 so as to be aligned with the first portion 26a in the radial direction,
First and second portions 24a, 24b of the third region 26
On the other hand, it is displaced in the circumferential direction of the first region 22.

However, the first portions 24a and 26a and the second portions 24b and 26b may be aligned in the radial direction.

The first parts 22a and 24a are connected to the second parts 22b and 24, respectively.
Harder than b and the first region 22. For example, the hardness of the first portions 22a and 24a may be about 60 to 70 degrees, and the hardness of the second portions 22b and 24b may be the first.
It can be set to about 45 to 50 degrees, which is the same as that of the area 22 of (in both cases, by the test method based on JIS K6301).

The outer diameter dimension of the seal plate 40, the thickness dimension of the seal plate 40, the diameter dimension of the hole 20, the diameter dimension of each of the regions 22 to 28, and the width dimension of each of the regions 22 to 28 have the same value as that of the seal plate 10. You can However, the second and third regions 24,
The width dimension and outer diameter dimension of 26 are such that when the third region 26 is bent, at least part of the second region 24 contacts the outer peripheral surfaces of the hollow bodies 12a, 12b through the membrane 30. The region 26 of 3 is selected to a value that does not contact the outer peripheral surfaces of the hollow bodies 12a and 12b.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the seal plate 40 includes a hollow body 12 a having an outer diameter dimension between the inner diameter dimension and the outer diameter dimension of the third region 26 and the second region 24. In order to receive a hollow body 12b having a diameter dimension substantially the same as the outer diameter dimension into the hole 20, a starting opening 18 for the hollow bodies 12a and 12b, or the hollow body 12 as shown in FIG.
It is applied to the starting opening 46 provided in the pit wall 44 of the reaching shaft 42 for a and 12b.

When used in the starting opening 18, the sealing plate 40 includes a mounting ring 34, a plurality of bolts 36, and a plurality of bolts 36, as shown in FIG.
With the nut 38 threaded onto the bolt 36, the central axis of the hole 20 coincides with that of the opening 18 so that the membrane 30 is on the opposite side of the well wall 16 in the fourth region 28.
It is attached to 6.

When the hollow body 12a or 12b is received in the hole 20, the sealing plate 40 is arranged so that the first and second regions 22 and 24 are in front of the moving direction of the hollow body 12a, as shown in FIG. , Mainly in the third region 26. At this time, even if soil water pressure that pushes the seal plate 40 backward acts on the seal plate 40,
The second region 24 is the first and third regions 22, 26.
Since it is harder, it is mainly bent largely in the third region 26, but is not largely folded back in the second region 24. Therefore, the folding back of the seal plate 40 due to the soil water pressure is prevented. Also, the first
Since the region 22 is more easily deformed than the second region 24, it is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the hollow body 12a or 12b.

When used in the access opening 46, the seal plate 40 includes a mounting ring 50 and a plurality of bolts 52 as shown in FIG.
And the nut 54 screwed into the bolt 52, the hole 20
The central axis of the hole is aligned with that of the opening 46, and the membrane 30 is
It is attached to the well wall 44 in the fourth region 28 on the opposite side.

The seal plate 40 attached to the mine wall 44 is pushed forward, that is, into the reaching vertical shaft 42 by earth pressure as shown in FIG. However, since the second region 24 is hard in the seal plate 40, the second and third regions 24 and 26 are
Is not greatly bent at. Also, the first
Since the region 22 is more easily deformed than the second region 24, it is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the hollow body 12a or 12b.

The disc-shaped seal plate 54 shown in FIGS.
The thickness dimension of the illustrated region 26 is made larger than that of the other regions 22, 24 and 28, and the first and second regions 2 are
2, 24 are slightly bent with respect to the fourth region 28 in the third region 26, and further, the first region 2
The seal plate 10 is different from the seal plate 10 in that the film 30 is provided only on the second plate 2.

In the third region 26, a plurality of C-shaped springs 56 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the second region 24. Each spring 56 is made by bending a linear spring material or a plate-shaped spring material having a predetermined width dimension into a C-shape so that both ends of the spring material contact each other.
The third region 28 is arranged so that the tip portion is on the side opposite to the direction in which the first and second regions 22 and 24 are bent.
Embedded in. A leaf spring may be used instead of the C-shaped spring 56.

The outer diameter dimension of the seal plate 54, the thickness dimension of the seal plate 54, the diameter dimension of the hole 20, the diameter dimension of each of the regions 22 to 28, and the width dimension of each of the regions 22 to 28 should be the same values as those of the seal plate 10. You can However, the second and third regions 24,
The width dimension and outer diameter dimension of 26 are such that when the third region 26 is bent, at least part of the second region 24 contacts the outer peripheral surfaces of the hollow bodies 12a, 12b through the membrane 30. The region 26 of 3 is selected to a value that does not contact the outer peripheral surfaces of the hollow bodies 12a and 12b.

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the seal plate 54 is provided for the hollow walls 12a and 12b of the vertical shaft 14 of the vertical shaft 14 for the hollow bodies 12a and 12b.
It is applied to the starting opening 18 provided in the vehicle or the reaching opening provided in the pit wall of the reaching shaft.

When used in the opening 18 for starting, the seal plate 54 is
As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 11, the mounting ring 34, the plurality of bolts 36, and the nut 38 screwed into the bolts 36 allow the central axis of the hole 20 to coincide with that of the opening 18.
The membrane 30 is attached to the well wall 16 in the fourth region 28 such that the membrane 30 is on the opposite side of the well wall 16.

When the hollow body 12a is received in the hole 20, the seal plate 54 is mainly arranged so that the first and second regions 22 and 24 are in front of the moving direction of the hollow body 12a, as shown in FIG. It is folded in the third region 26. At this time, even if soil water pressure that pushes the seal plate 54 backward acts on the seal plate 54, the seal plate 54 has the second region 24 that is harder than the first and third regions 22 and 26. , The third region 26 is pushed back, but is not largely bent in the second region 24. Therefore, the folding back of the seal plate 54 due to the soil water pressure is prevented. Further, since the first region 22 is more easily deformed than the second region 24, it is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the hollow body 12a.

On the other hand, when the hollow body 12b is received in the hole 20, the seal plate 54 is bent mainly in the first region so that the first region 22 is located in the front, as shown in FIG. . At this time, even if earth pressure such as pushing the seal plate 54 backward acts on the seal plate 54,
Is prevented from being folded back in the third region 26 by the contact of the tip of the spring 56, and the second region 2
Since 4 is hard, the second and third regions 24, 26
Will not be folded back at. Also, the first area 2
Since 2 is more easily deformed than the second region 24, it is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the hollow body 12a.

When the seal plate 54 is applied to the reaching opening, a force pushed forward by the earth pressure acts on the seal plate 54.
However, at this time, deformation in the third region 26 is prevented by the spring 56, and since the second region 24 is rigid, it is not bent significantly in the second and third regions 24, 26. In addition, the first area 22
Is more easily deformed than the second region 24, so the hollow body 1
The outer peripheral surface of 2a or 12b is closely contacted.

The seal plate 58 shown in FIGS. 12 to 14 is the first and second seal plates.
And bending the third elastomer regions 22, 24, 26 relative to the fourth region 28 in one of the axial directions of the holes 20, making both the second and third regions 24, 26 harder than the first region 22. ing. For example, the hardness of the first region 22 is 4
The hardness of the second and third regions 24 and 26 can be set to about 60 to 70 degrees (both according to the test method based on JIS K6301).

The outer diameter dimension of the seal plate 58, the thickness dimension of the seal plate 58, the diameter dimension of the hole 20, the diameter dimension of each of the regions 22 to 28, and the width dimension of each of the regions 22 to 28 have the same value as that of the seal plate 10. You can However, the second and third regions 24,
The width dimension and outer diameter dimension of 26 are such that when the third region 26 is bent, at least part of the second region 24 contacts the outer peripheral surface of the hollow body 12a, but the third region 26 is hollow. The value is selected so as not to contact the outer peripheral surface of 12a.

The seal plate 58, as shown in FIG.
Hollow body 1 having outer diameter slightly larger than inner diameter 6
It is applied to the launching opening 18 for the hollow body 12 to receive the 2 in the hole 20.

When used in the starting opening 18, the seal plate 58 includes a mounting ring 34 and a plurality of bolts 36 as shown in FIG.
And the nut 38 screwed into the bolt 36, the hole 20
Is attached to the well wall 16 in the fourth region 28 so that the central axis of the is aligned with that of the opening 18 and the first to third regions 22, 24 and 26 are on the side of the opening 18.

When the hollow body 12 is received in the hole 20, the sealing plate 58 is mainly arranged so that the first and second regions 22 and 24 are in the forward direction of the hollow body 12 as shown in FIG. It is folded in the first region 22.
At this time, even if soil water pressure that pushes the seal plate 58 backward acts on the seal plate 58, the seal plate 58 is harder in the second region 24 than in the first and third regions 22 and 26. , The second region 24 is not largely folded back. Therefore, the folding back of the seal plate 58 due to the soil water pressure is prevented. In addition, the first region 22 is
Since it is more easily deformed than the third regions 24 and 26,
It is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the hollow body 12.

When the pit wall seal plate 58 having the access opening is attached, the seal plate 58 is pushed forward by the earth pressure. However, the sealing plate 58 has a second and a third area 24, 2
Since 6 is hard, it can be seen in FIG.
There is no large bending at 4, 26.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the seal plate of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the action when the seal plate of FIG. 1 is arranged in the opening for starting, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the action when earth pressure is applied to the seal plate, and FIG. Is a front view showing another embodiment of the seal plate of the present invention, FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is for starting the seal plate of FIG. Fig. 8 is a sectional view showing the operation when the seal plate of Fig. 5 is arranged in the opening, and Fig. 8 is a sectional view showing the operation when the seal plate of Fig. 5 is arranged in the opening for reaching. An enlarged sectional view obtained at the same position as FIG. 2 showing another embodiment, FIGS. 10 and 11 are sectional views showing the action when the sealing plate of FIG. 9 is arranged in the opening for starting, respectively. 12 is a front view showing still another embodiment of the seal plate of the present invention, and FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross section taken along line 13-13 of FIG. , FIG. 14 is a sectional view for explaining the operation of when placed in the opening for starting the seal plate of Figure 12. 10, 40, 54, 58: Seal plate, 12, 12a, 12b: Hollow body, 14, 42: Vertical shaft, 16, 44: Well wall, 18, 46: Opening, 20: Hole, 22, 24, 26, 28 : 1st-4th area | region, 24a, 26a: 1st site | part, 24b, 26b: 2nd site | part, 30: Membrane, 56: Spring.

Claims (9)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An elastic arranged in the pit wall to seal between the pit wall and a hollow body received in an opening formed in the pit wall of a vertical shaft for constructing a tunnel or laying a pipeline. A deformable seal plate for receiving the hollow body; a first elastomer region around the hole; and a first elastomer region around the first elastomer region. A second elastomeric region that continues integrally, a third elastomeric region that surrounds the second elastomeric region and integrally follows the second elastomeric region, and a third elastomeric region that surrounds the third elastomeric region. And a fourth region attached to the mine wall integrally following the third elastomer region, wherein the second elastomer region is harder than the first and third elastomer regions. Seal plate. 2. The opening sealing plate according to claim 1, wherein the third elastomer region is harder than the first elastomer region. 3. The second and third elastomer regions each have a plurality of first and second regions alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the first elastomer region, and the first region is The opening sealing plate according to claim 1, which is harder than the second portion and the first elastomer region. 4. The circumferential direction of the first elastomer region relative to the first and second regions of the third elastomer region is respectively the first and second regions of the second elastomer region. The opening seal plate according to claim 3, wherein the opening seal plate is displaced to. 5. The opening sealing plate according to claim 3, wherein the average hardness of the second and third elastomer regions is higher than that of the first elastomer region. 6. The method of claim 1 or (1), wherein the seal plate further comprises a plurality of springs embedded in the third elastomer region to resist bending forces in the third elastomer region. The sealing plate for openings according to 2). 7. The opening according to claim 6, wherein the spring is bent into a C-shape, and is spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the second elastomer region. Seal plate. 8. A film made of a material having a frictional resistance smaller than that of the material of the first and second elastomer regions, the film being formed in one of the thickness directions of the first and second elastomer regions. The sealing plate for openings according to any one of claims (1) to (7), comprising a film provided on the side surface. 9. The opening seal plate according to claim 2, wherein at least the first and second elastomer regions are bent to one side in the axial direction of the hole with respect to the fourth region. .